高中英语介词用法搭配汇总ppt课件 92页

介词\n一介词的定义介词在英语用词里属于难缠的一个项目。因为它涉及方面很广，而且变化多端，往往令人捉摸不定。介词英文叫作Preposition(简称prep)，它由pre和position组成，pre是前面的意思，而position是位置的意思。因此以前中文译作“前置词”，就是一种放在名词(或相当于名词的词语)前面的虚词。\n二介词的种类介词分为：1.简单介词about,above,across,after,against,around,at,before,behind,below,beneath,beside,besides,between,beyond,by,but,down,during,except,for,from,in,like,near,of,off,on,out,over,since,through,till,to,toward,under,until,up,with\n2.合成介词，如within,inside,outside,into,onto,upon,througout,without等；3.短语介词，如accordingto、outof、becauseof、bymeansof、inspiteof、insteadof,apartfrom,afterall,bywayof,inadditionto,infrontof,farfrom,inplaceof,inregardto(关于),upto,exceptfor,onaccountof(由于),owingto,dueto,asaresultof,infavorof,nextto,incaseof,asto,inadditionto,intermsof,onaccountof,等。1)You'vebeeninprisonthreetimesaccordingtoourrecords.根据我们的记录,你曾入狱三次。\n2)Thewatermaybecarriedbymeansofapipe.水可以用管子输送。3)Inregardtoyourrequestforinformation,IregrettoinformyouthatIamunabletohelpyou.关于你需要情报的事,我遗憾地告诉你我没法帮助你。4)Ihavenodoubtsastoyourability.关于你的能力我毫不怀疑。\n4.双重介词，如frombehind/above/under、untilafter等。Aboycameoutfrombehindthedoor5.分词介词，如considering、including、judging(from/by)、concerning、given、regarding、providing/provided等。1)Giventhepresentconditions,Ithinkshe'sdoneratherwell.考虑到目前的条件,我认为她已做得相当出色。2)Whatdoyouknowconcerningthis?关于这事你知道些什么?\n1.Everythingwasperfectforthepicnic_____theweather.inplaceofB.aswellasC.exceptforD.incaseof2.Whyareyousoanxious?Itisn’tyourproblem_____.onpurposeB.inallC.ontimeD.afterall\n3.ManyChineseuniversitiesprovidescholarshipsforstudents_____financialaid.infavourofB.inhonourofC.infaceofD.inneedof4.WhenshefirstarrivedinChina,shewonderedwhatthefuturemighthave_____forher,butnowallherworriesaregone.A.inneedB.intimeC.inpreparationD.instore\n三介词的宾语介词后有名词、代词、动名词等作它的宾语,构成介词短语.Peter　is　going　to　meet　his　fatherat　the　station.Itwillstopthesandfrommovingtowardstherichfarmlandinthesouth.Hegavemeadviceonhowtowriteagoodessay.\nSheisn’tinterestedinwhattheyaredoing.IknownothingabouthimexceptthatheisfromEurope.I’minaslightlyawkwardposition,inthatmysecretaryisonholidayatthemoment.介词一般不能接that引导的宾语从句，而in／except可接that从句；介词后面一般不能接形容同或过去分词，但有的特殊词语例外，如：takesth．forgranted。形容词作介词宾语的常见短语byfar;farfromsatisfactory;forsure;forfree;forshort;inbrief;inshort;ingeneral;inparticular;\n1.--DoyoulikeMsWhite?--Sheisthebestteacher________.2.MynameisAlexander,Al________.3.Shelikesfruitandtomatoes____________.4.—Howmuchistheticket?--Igotit_______.byfarforshortinparticularforfree\n四.介词的句法功能介词是虚词，不能单独作句子成分，必须与名词、代词构成介词短语，在句中充当定语、状语、表语和宾语补足语。介词短语在句中可作定语、状语、表语和宾语补足语。如：The　kiteon　the　wallis　Kate’s.(定语)He　likes　to　swimin　the　river.(状语)The　twins　arefrom　America.(表语)Help　yourselfto　some　fish.(宾语补足语)\n五介词与某些词类的搭配某些词类对介词有不同要求，即要求有固定的介词与其搭配，构成固定用法。1.名词与介词的固定搭配1)常与to连用的名词：key,answer,visit,apology,introduction,attitude,devotion,access,approach如thekeytothetest,businessvisitstoAmerica,theintroductiontothebook2)常与in连用的名词：interest,satisfaction,expert如anexpertinswimming3)常与on连用的名词：mercy,congratulations,effect如havemercyonsb4)其它常用"名、介"搭配：prizefor,respectfor,victoryover,strugglewith,forfearof\n5)注意：汉语中表达"…的"，在英语中要用多个介词，应区别不同含久。如afriendofmine我的一个朋友（of表示"属于"）aticketfortonight一张今晚的票（for表示"给…用"）astoryaboutLeiFeng雷锋的故事(about表示"关于")akeytothedoor这扇门的钥匙(to表示"对于")alectureonAmericanhistory一场关于美国历史的演讲（on表示"论述"）\n1.Theymaintainedanuncertainattitude_____hisfailure.2.Theadvertisingcampaigndidn’thavemucheffect_____sales.3.Idarenotgothereforfear_____himseeingme.4.Thescientistsdiscoveredanewapproach_____cancertreatment.\n2.形容词与介词的固定搭配1)常与at连用的形容词：angry,good,bad,clever,terrified,surprised2)常与of连用的形容词：afraid,sure,full,tired,fond,proud,worthy,certain3)常与with连用的形容词：angry,strict,careful,busy,popular,patient4)常与in连用的形容词：weak,strict,rich,interested,successful5)常与to连用的形容词：next,good,polite,kind,cruel,rude,known,married,close,near,similar,due\n6)常与for连用的形容词：sorry,good,famous,fit,unfit,eager,hungry7)常与from连用的形容词：far,different,free,safe,absent,tired8)常与about连用的形容词：sorry,worried,anxious,careful,sure,curious,certain说明：使用时要注意用一形容词与不同介词搭配的不同含义。如：Hewasangryatlosingit.（表"生气"的原因）Don'tbeangrywithhim.（表"生气"的对象）Heisgoodatmaths.(表"擅长于")Heisgoodtome.（表"对某人友好"）Itisgoodforhim.(表"对他有益")\n1．Theroomwasfull____smokeafterthebigfire.2．Eatingtoomuchisn'tgood____yourhealth.3.HeleftTokyo____avisit____Beijing.4.Hewastired_____thedulljob.5.Peoplearealwayscurious_____nature.6.--Youknow,Bobisalittleslow_____understanding,so...--SoIhavetobepatient_____him.7.Thatteacherisverypopular_____hisstudents.8.Thetwoboyslookverysimilar_____eachother.9.Attimeshewouldbeabsent_____classforacoupleofdays.10.Heiseager____success.\n3.动词与介词的搭配agreewith，laugh　at，write　to，hear　from，get　to，belongto，shout　at，knock　at，careabout，ask　for，wait　for，get　on，put　on，turn　on，operate　on，take　off，turn　off，learn　from，callfor…\n六.常用介词的主要用法(一)about1.(表示位置)在…周围;在…的各处;在…的附近Fishareabundantaboutthereefs.暗礁附近鱼很多。2.(表示原因)由于,因为Johnisanxiousabouthisexamresults.约翰为考试结果而担忧。3.(表示论及)关于;涉及;在…方面Whatisthebookabout?这本书是关于什么内容的?4.(表示伴随)在身边Doyouhappentohavehisletteraboutyou?你是否正好带着他的信了?\n固定搭配:动词+about+sthbringabout带来;careabout在意;comeabout发生;knowabout了解;quarrelabout争论;setabout开始;thinkabout考虑;tellabout讲述;worryabout着急be+形容词+about+sthbeanxiousabout为…着急;beconcernedabout关心…;beparticularabout挑剔…beabouttodosthWhat/Howabout…?\n(二)above1.(表示位置)在…上方Theaeroplanewasflyingafewfeetabovethesea.飞机正在距海面几英尺的低空飞行。2.(表示程度等级能力)超过,超越;为…所不及;高于Youcan'texpecttosucceedifyouattempttasksaboveyourability.如果你要做能力达不到的事,就别指望成功。3.(表示数目年龄)超过,超出Abovetwohundredpeopleattendedthemeeting.二百多人出席了会议。\naboveall首要的是;尤其Weshouldstudyhard,butaboveallwemustbehealthy.\n(三)across1.(表示位置)在…对面;横在…上;掠过…There'sahotelacrosstheroad.路的另一边有一家旅馆。2.(表示方向)横越,横跨;横穿,穿越Astraightlinewasruledacrossthemap.一条直线横划在地图上。3.(表示状态)与…交叉着;触及,波及,影响到Thispolicystretchesacrossseveraldifferentdepartments.这项政策影响着几个不同的部门。\nacrossfrom在…对面Theshoestoreisacrossfromthebank.鞋店在银行对面。comeacross偶然发现,偶然遇见Icameacrosshiminthestreetyesterday.昨天我在街上无意中碰到了他。\n(四)After1.(表示时间)在…以后Aftertheplaytheycalledfortheauthortoshowhimself.剧终之后他们请求编剧和大家见面。2.(表示位置、顺序)在…后面TheKingcamein,withallhisservantsfollowingafterhim.国王走了进来,所有侍从跟在他的后面。3.(表示方式)像,仿照Thisboxismadeafteranewpattern.这箱子是仿照新样式制作的。4.(表示依据)以…之名命名TheboywasnamedTomafterhisgrandfather.这小孩按他祖父的名字被起名为汤姆。\n5.(表示目标)追求,追寻Therewerealwayslotsofmenafterherbecauseshewascleveraswellaspretty.总有许多男人追求她,因为她既漂亮又聪明。常见搭配:dayafterday日复一日;runafter追求;afteralittle/moment/while过了一会;afterall毕竟\n(五)against1.与…方向相反,逆着,迎着,顶着Youshouldflyyourkiteagainstthewind.你应该迎着风放风筝。2.紧靠着…,倚靠着…Theseatshavenobackagainstwhichtolean.这些座位都没有靠背可倚。3.对…不利,以…为竞争对手;违反,违背Thepresenteconomicclimateworksagainstthesmallercompanies.当前的经济气候对小公司不利。4.为…做准备,防备…之用Sheispreparingasubstantialmealagainsthisreturn.她正在准备一顿丰盛的饭菜为他接风。5.和…相对照Yourredcoatstandoutclearlyagainstthesnow.\nHeiselectedbyamajorityof40votesagainst10.他以40票对10票的大多数票当选。1.TheInternethasbrought____bigchangesinthewaywework.A．about B．out C．in D．up2.I’dliketobuyahouse---modern,comfortable,and_____inaquietneighborhood.A．in allB．at allC．aboveall D．afterall3.HesuddenlysawSue_____theroom.Hepushedhisway_____thecrowdofpeopletogettoher.A．across;acrossB．qver;throughC．over;into D．across;through\n4.PeoplemayhavedifferentopinionsaboutKaren,butIadmireher._____,sheisagreatmusician.A．AfterallB．AsaresultC．InotherwordsD．Asusual5.Although_____myopinion,theoldprofessordidn’tcomeupwithhisown.A.againstB.onC.forD.in\n(六)along沿着,循着,顺着Itookmydogforawalkalongtheriver.我带着狗沿那条河散步。Hisroomisalongthispassage.他的房间在这条通道上。\n(七)among1.(表示位置)处在…中,为…所环绕,为…所环抱Hewassittingamongagroupofchildren,tellingthemastory.他正坐在一群孩子中间讲故事。2.在…一类之中,是…中之一,在…群中Sheisthetallestamongherclassmates.她在她同学之中是最高的。\n(八)around1.围绕,绕在;在…各处,在…范围之内;在…附近,在…周围Theysataroundthetable.他们围着桌子坐。2.大约I'llbebackataround5o'clock.五点左右我就回来。\n(九)as1看作,看成,作为Wehadbettertreatitasajoke.我们最好把它当作玩笑。固定搭配:asaresult;asamatteroffact;aslongas;aswellas;aslongas;suchas;asfollows;consider/regard…as;lookon…as;thinkof…as;treat…asAsamatteroffact,Ididn'thaveanything.事实上,我什么也没有。\n(十)at1.(表示位置)在;在…方位Hewasnotathisoffice.他不在办公室。2.(表示时间)在…时刻;在…岁时Themeetingwillopenat3p.m.会议在下午三点钟开始。3.(表示状态)处于…状态,在…情况下Thesoldiersarestandingatattention.士兵们立正站着。4.(表示原因)因为,由于;Wewerefrightenedattheterriblesight.看到这可怕的景象,我们被吓呆了。5.(表示目标)朝,向,对着Hethrewthekeyatme.他把钥匙丢给我。6.(表示方向)在…方面Sheisgoodatdescribingthingsorexpressingideas.她善于描述事物或表达思想。\n固定搭配:atadistance在一定距离，ataloss不知所措，atatime一次，atonetime,not…atall一点也不，atanycost不惜一切代价，atbest最好也只是，atfirst起初，athand手头，atheart在内心里，athome在家；无拘束，atlast最后，atleast至少，atmost最多，atonce马上，atpresent目前，atsea不知所措，attimes有时，atwork起作用，atthemercyof,workhardat勤奋工作，dropinat顺路拜访。\nIfeelthatoneofmymainduties____ateacheristohelpthestudentstobecomebetterlearners.A．for B．by C．as D．with2.JohnbecameafootballcoachinSealionMiddleSchool_____thebeginningofMarch.A．for B．on C．at D．with3.TheoldOlmpicGamesbegan_____theyear776BCinGreece.A．alongB．among C．around D．for\n(十一)before1.(表示位置顺序时间)在…前面ThemanstandingbeforetheblackboardisourEnglishteacher.站在黑板前面的那个人是我们的英语老师。Mynamecomesbeforehisonthelist.在名单上我的名字排在他的名字前面。Wegotupbeforesunrise.我们在太阳升起之前起床。2.(表示比较)优于,先于Youmustpayattentiontothisproblembeforeeverything.你应该首先注意这个问题。\n(十二)behind1(表示位置)在…的后面Hehidhimselfbehindthetree.2(表示时间)迟于,比…晚Hearrivedtenminutesbehindthetime.3(表示比较)落后于,不如IamfarbehindyouinEnglish.\n(十三)below1.(表示位置年龄温度)在…下面,低于Pleasesignyournamebelowtheline.Youmustbelowthirty.2(表示比较)不及,劣于;低于Manypeoplearestilllivingbelowthepovertyline.\n(十四)beside1.(表示位置)在…旁边Here!There'sroombesideme.嘿!我旁边有空间。2.(表示比较)与…相比Myworklookspoorbesidehers.(十五)besides(表示排斥)除…之外(还有)Hehadotherpeopletotakecareofbesidesme.除了我以外,他还需要照料其他人。\n(十六)between(表示位置时间数目)在…之间;在…之中Iwillcomebetweentwelveandoneo'clock.我会在12点至1点之间来。Wemusthavewalkedbetweentenandtwelvemiles.我们应该已步行了10至12英里。(十七)but除…以外WegotoschooleverydaybutSunday.我们除了星期日每天都上学。\n(十八)beyond(表示位置)在或往…另一边;在或往…的更远处Thehouseisbeyondthebridge.房子在桥那边。(表示时间)迟于,晚于;在…之后Don'tstayherebeyondmidnight.别在这待过午夜。(表示范围程度数目)超出;非…所能及Theswitchonthewallwasbeyondthebaby'sreach.墙上的开关小孩子是够不到的。Thereweren'tbeyondtwentypeoplepresent.出席的人不超过20名。beyondbelief/one’sreach/repair/one’spower/one’sability\n(十九)by1.(表示位置)在…近旁;在身边Onacoldeveningitispleasanttositbythefire.在寒冷的夜晚坐在炉火旁边很舒服。2.(表示时间)不迟于;在…时候Beherebyfouro'clock.四点钟之前到这儿。3.(表示方向)从…中经过Theycameinbythebackdoor.他们是由后门进来的。4.(表示方式)搭乘,通过;抓住…;靠,采取;Areyoutogotherebybikeorbybus?你骑车还是坐车去?5.(表示环境)借着…光亮Theywereplayingcardsbyelectriclight.他们正借着灯光打牌。6.(表示程度)以…之差Welostthematchbyonegoal.我们以一分之差输了比赛。\n7.按…,以…计Wehiredtheboatbythehour.8.抓住,握住Hecaughtmebythearm.byday;byair;bynomeans;onebyone;stepbystep;learn…byheart;byaccident/mistake\n(二十)down1.(表示方向)沿着…向下;沿着,顺着Thetearstrickleddownhercheeks.热泪一滴滴从她脸颊上滚下来。2.(表示时间)自…以来;持续一段时间Thestorycamedowntheages.这个故事从古代流传至今。\n1.—It’satopsecret.--Yes,Isee.Iwillkeepthesecret_____youandme.withB.aroundC.amongD.between2.Somestudentsoftenlistentomusic_____classestorefreshthemselves.betweenB.amongC.overD.during3.Elizabethhasalreadyachievedsuccess_____herwildestdreams.atB.beyondC.withinD.upon\n4.It’squite_____mewhysuchthingshavebeenallowedtohappen.forB.behindC.againstD.beyond5.Sixbillionpeoplealreadyliveonourplanet,andthenumberisgrowing_____220000everyday.withB.inC.fromD.by6.Doyouknowanyotherforeignlanguage_____English?A.exceptB.butC.besidesD.beside\n(二十一)during(表示时间)在…期间,当…之时Thefirestartedduringtheworkmen'sdinner.火灾是在工人们吃饭时发生的。Whereshallyougoduringthesummer?今年夏天你将到什么地方去?(二十二)except除…外Everybodyexceptmelooksdownuponhim.除了我以外人们都瞧不起他。\n(二十三)for1.(表示时间距离)持续达Ifollowedhimforsomedistance.我跟着他走了一段路程。2.(表示方向)向,朝,开往Theymadearushfortheexit.他们猛然冲向出口处。3.(表示对象)替,帮,给,为…做准备WhatcanIdoforyou?我能帮你什么忙吗?4.(表示原因)因为,由于,作为…的结果I'mprettyangrywithyoufornottellingme.由于你没有告诉我,我对你很生气。5.(表示目的)为了…,适用于Theshipsentoutamessageforhelp.船只发出求救信号。6.(表示态度)支持,赞同,想要Areyoufortheplanoragainstit?你支持这计划还是反对它呢?7.(表示比率)以…价格Iboughtthisbookfor￡3.我买这本书花了三英镑。\nanswerfor对…负责,applyfor申请；请求,apologizefor为…而道歉,begfor请求,callfor要求,carefor在意,enterfor报名参加,fightfor为…而战,hopefor希望,leavefor离开某地到另一地,longfor盼望,mistakefor误认为,preparefor为…作准备,providefor为…提供,reachfor伸手去拿,runfor竞选,standfor象征,searchfor搜寻,sendfor派人去请,takefor当作befamousfor以…出名,befitfor适合于,begratefulfor对…心存感激,beimpatientfor对…不耐烦,belatefor迟到,bereadyfor作好准备,besorryfor为…而后悔,beresponsiblefor对…负责,besuitablefor适合于,\nforfree免费，forfun为了好玩，forgood永远，forinstance比方，fornothing白白地，forsale供出售，forshort简称，forsure确切地。makeupfor弥补，goinfor从事，lookoutfor提防，takesth.forgranted把…当作理所当然,haveagiftfor有某方面的天赋。\n(二十四)from1.(表示时间)从…,自…We'vebeenworkingfrommorningtonight.我们从早到晚一直工作。2.(表示状态)从某(位置、状态等)开始Herosefromofficeboytomanagingdirectorintenyears.他在十年间由办公室勤杂员升至总经理。3.(表示范围)从较低限度算起Thejacketsarefrom35dollars.这些夹克衫起价是35美元。4.(表示来源)来自…;源于…;从…里取出Icomefromthenorth.我是北方人。5.(表示分离)与…分离[隔开];减去;扣除Thewindblewhishatfromhishead.风将他的帽子从头上吹走了。6.(表示否定)免于;免遭Wildfruitkeptusfromdyingofstarvation.我们靠着野果才没被饿死。\n7.(表示方位)从…;以…为开始方向Latitudesarethelinesthatgofromeasttowest.纬线是从东到西的线。8.(表示原因)因为,出于Shetoldhimthetruthfromasenseofloyalty.她告诉他真相是出于忠诚。9.(表示比较)与…相比;与…区分Sheisdifferentfromhersisterincharacter.她和她姐姐性格不同。datefrom追溯,diefrom死于,escapefrom逃出,hearfrom收到来信,learnfrom向某人学习,resultfrom起因于,sufferfrom忍受。keepfrom阻止做,preventfrom不准做,protectfrom不受…之害,separatefrom分离开来,stopfrom阻止。\nbeabsentfrom缺席,bedifferentfrom与众不同,befarfrom更不用说,bemadefrom用…制成,betiredfrom因…而疲倦。frombadtoworse每况愈下，frombeginningtoend自始至终，fromcovertocover从头到尾，fromdoortodoor挨家挨户，fromhandtomouth勉强糊口，fromheadtofoot从头到脚，frommouthtomouth广泛流传，fromtimetotime不时地，fromtoptobottom彻底地。\n(二十五)in1.(表示位置)在…里面;在,于;在…部位上Icouldfeelthetensionintheroom.我可以感觉到房间里的紧张气氛。2.(表示时间)在…时期,在…之后,在过程中Inhertwentiesandthirtiesshehadhadnodifficultygettingjobs.她在二三十岁时找工作一点也不困难。3.(表示方向)往…内,朝…方向Isawhimgointheshop.我看到他走进了商店。4.(表示状态)处于…之中,在…情况下Martinwasingoodhealth.马丁很健康。5.(表示方式)用,以…形式TheywerespeakinginItalian.他们在讲意大利语。6.(表示领域,范围)在…以内Itisnotinmypowertodothat.做那事非我力所能及。\nbelievein信任,breakin碎成，bringin引起；产生；带来,callin下令收回,fillin填充,getin收获,handin上缴,involvein涉及,liein在于,resultin导致,succeedin成功,turnin归还inadvance提前,inall总共，inbrief简明扼要，incase万一,incharge主管，indanger有危险,indebt负债,indespair失望,ingeneral一般说来,inorder井然有序,inpublic公开地,inprogress有进展,inpractice从实践上看,inrags穿着破衣,insearchof寻找,inreturn作为报答,inruins一片废墟,inshort总之,intheory从理论上看,introuble有麻烦,intears眼泪汪汪,intime及时,inturn按顺序,invain白白地,intermsof就…来说\n1.Helosthiswifeandson_____thewar.withB.duringC.forD.by2.Noonewas_____myplan,soIhadtogiveup.forB.aganstC.fromD.with3.Thisisajuniorschool.Youshouldgotoaseniorschool_____girlsofyourage.forB.aboutC.fromD.to4.Shecan’ttellrice_____wheat.withB.inC.fromD.by\n5.ChristmasisaholidayusuallycelebratedonDecember25th_____thebirthofJesusChrist.InchargeofB.intermsofC.InfavorofD.inhonorof6.Leavesarefoundonallkindsoftrees,buttheydiffergreatly_____sizeandshape.onB.inC.fromD.by\n(二十六)inside(表示位置或方向)在或到…里面Twominuteslaterwewereinsidethetaxi.两分钟以后我们已经坐在出租车里面了。(二十七)into1.(表示方向)进入…中,到…里Anneydivedintothewater.安尼潜入水中。2.(表示状态)进入…状态,欠…债Theyburstintolaughter.他们突然大笑起来。3.(表示对象)撞上,渗进,非常喜欢Hebumpedintome.他撞上了我。4.(表示目标)对着,朝着Shelookedintomyeyes.她盯着我的眼睛看。\nbreakinto;divideinto;getintotrouble;lookinto(二十八)like如同,像Sheisdressedinwhitelikeanurse.她穿着白衣服,像个护士。Itlookslikeraintoday.sound/taste/feel/smelllike\n(二十九)Near1.(表示位置)靠近,在…附近Thesmallchildwasafraidtogonearthedog.那小孩子不敢靠近那条狗。2.(表示时间数目)将近,快到,临近It'snearfiveo'clock.现在将近五点钟。3.(表示程度)接近,近乎,濒临Mostviewswerefairlynearthetruth.许多观点与真实情况十分相近。\n(三十)Of的用法1.属于----的(表所有关系)Hereisamapoftheworld2.由----制成/组成Thedressismadeofsilk.3.装有----的,包含(表数量种类等)aglassofbeer4.-----中的(部分或全部)Allofusspentmuchofthenightsitting.5.表同位关系attheageoften6.表动宾关系thefearofdeath7.由于,因为Hediedofhunger.8.具有-----的(特点,属性等)Theycametoanareaofhills.9.出生于,来自Thegirlwasbornofafarmerfamily.10.在kind,wrong,clever,wise,foolish,silly等形容词后构成不定式短语It’sfoolishofyoutosayso.\nconsistof由…构成,dieof死于,dreamof梦想,hearof听说,knowof了解,speakof谈及,tellof讲到,thinkof想起动词+sb.+of+sthinformof汇报,robof抢走,remindof提醒,warnof警告beawareof觉察,beafraidof担心,becomposedof由…构成,befondof喜欢,befreeof免于；摆脱,befullof充满,beinformedof汇报,beproudof以…为骄傲,besickof烦于,beshortof缺乏,besureof确信,betiredof困于,beworthyof值得。\n改错Johnenteredintotheroomandfounditempty.Mymotherwasacareerwomanandhadherownproblemstotakecare.Becausethehelpyougavemethatsummer,mylifechanged.Thewindblewmyumbrellainout.--Whatdoesyournewbiologyteacherlike?--Heisatallandhandsomeman.\nChildrenneedfriends_____theirownagetoplaywith.ofB.forC.inD.at\n(三十一)off1.(表示位置)在…的外面,在…的沿海ThetwoicebergsofftheNewZealandcoasthaveattractedmanyvisitors.2.(表示方向)从…,通向,偏离,从…离开Hefellofftheladder.他从梯子上掉下来。\n(三十二)on1.(表示位置)在…上,在…身边Thatbookonthedeskisanatlas.桌上的那本书是地图册。2.(表示时间)在…之时Itoccurredonthemorningofthefifteenth.事情发生在15号的上午。3.(表示方位)在…方位Thetownstandsontheleftbankoftheriver.该镇坐落在河的左岸。4.凭,靠,依据Weallliveonsalary.5.关于HewroteabookonthehistoryofChina.6.处于…中Theworkersareonstrike.\ncallon拜访某人,counton依赖,carryon执行,dependon取决,feedon以…为生,figureon料想；推断,haveon穿着,insiston坚持,keepon继续,pullon迅速穿上,puton穿上,switchon接通（电源）,workon操作,waiton侍候。baseon以…为基础,congratulateon恭贺,fixon固定,havemercyon怜悯,havepityon怜惜,keepaneyeon监视behardon对某人苛刻,beimpressedon对…印象深刻,bekeenon渴望\nonboard乘（车,飞机）,onduty值班,onearth到底,onfire着火,onfoot步行，onguard在岗，onholiday度假，onleave休假，onone’sknees跪下,onpurpose故意,onsale待售，onshore在岸上,ontime准时,onthemove行动,ontheotherhand另一方面,onthespot当场,onwatch值班。\n(三十三)onto(表示方向)到…之上Hejumpedontothetrain.(三十四)outof1.从…里面(走出)Hewalkedoutofthegate,allsmiles.他笑容满面地从大门里走出来。2.从…的状态中We'reoutofdanger.我们现在脱离了危险。3.越出…之外Outofsight,outofmind.离久情疏。4.从…中Chooseoneoutofthesix.从六个中挑选一个。\noutofbreath/control/date/fashion/order/work/place/reach/touch\n(三十五)over1.在…的正上方;在…的上面Thereisalampoverthetable.桌子正上方有一盏灯。2.遍布,扩展到…全部Asmilecameoverherface.她的脸上露出了笑容。3.越过,从一边至…的另一边Insteadofopeningthegate,weclimbedoverit.我们没有开门,而是从门顶上爬过去的。4.(表示等级或数目)高于;在…之上,超过Iamnotinchargeofthedepartment;Ihavetwopeopleoverme.我不是这个部门的主管,我还有两位上级。5.(表示时间或过程)在…期间WillyoubeathomeoverChristmas?你圣诞节期间在家吗?6.关于,在…方面Thesemenhavequarreledoverthepriceofaloadofhay.这帮人为了一车干草的价钱争吵不休。\ngoover;getover;overandoveragain;overtheradio\n1.Theshipsankfivemiles____thecoastofFrance.ofB.offC.toD.on2.Fred,whohadexpectedhowitwouldgowithhisdaughter,hadagreatworry_____hismind.onB.inC.withD.at3.Hesuddenlyreturned______arainynight.A.duringB.inC.atD.on\n4.Igotuptryingtowipethedust_____mycoat.A.fromB.ofC.offD.outoff5.TheotherdayLiMingdroppedin_____me.A.atB.onC.byD./6.Wesawaseagullflying_____thesea.A.upB.onC.throughD.over7.Hisbehaviouratthepartylastnightseemedrather_____.Manyofuswerequitesurprised.A.outofpracticeB.outofplaceC.outoforderD.outoffashion\n(三十六)Past1.(表示时间)迟于,在…之后,晚于Dancingwaskeptuptillpasttwo.舞会一直开到两点以后。2.从…旁边过去,通过Theywentpastthedepartmentstore.他们从百货公司的旁边经过。3.(表示数目)超过,过于Thechildcan'tcountpast20.这孩子不能数过20。\n(三十七)round1.(表示位置)在…四周,围绕于…Theyswarmedcloseroundhertohear.他们挤在她的周围听着。2.(表示方向)环绕,围绕Itwasamilebywater,fourmilesroundtheshore.由水路去只有一英里,沿岸绕行要四英里。3.大约Theywillarriveround6o’clock.\n(三十八)through1.在…期间;从…开头到结尾Tomboreupbravelythroughhisfather'sillness.在他父亲生病期间,汤姆表现得很坚强勇敢。2.从…的一端到另一端;经过Hewentthroughtheforestthenextday.次日他穿过了森林。3.凭借;用Ilearntofthepositionthroughanewspaperadvertisement.我是从报纸广告上得悉有此职位的。\nallthrough;seethrough;getthrough;gothrough;lookthrough(三十九)throughout(表示时间)自始至终;在…期间Itpouredwithrainthroughoutthenight.大雨下了整整一夜。(表示区域)遍及…地域;遍及…场所IhavetraveledthroughoutEurope.我已游历了整个欧洲。\n(四十)to1.(表示时间方向)朝,往,到Heturnedtohiscompanionbeforehereplied.他转身朝向他的伙伴然后回答。2.(表示状态)紧贴着,紧靠着,对着Thetwoloversdancedcheektocheek.那对情侣脸贴着脸跳舞。3.(表示对象)对,对于,对…来说WhatwillDorissaytoit?对此事多丽丝将怎么说呢?4.(表示比较)比,相对于Themenarenoodlestoher.与她相比,这些男人都是笨蛋。5.(表示方位)在…方向[方位],处于…顺序ScotlandistothenorthofEngland.苏格兰在英格兰之北。6.(表示目标)到达,直到Wecametoapicturesquecottage.我们来到一座风景如画的村落。7.(表示结果)转换为,转变为,趋于Waituntilthelightschangetogreen.等交通灯变成绿色再走。\nbeusedto;leadto;devoteto;datebackto;stickto;objectto;getdownto;payattentionto;prefer…to;contribute…to;lookforwardto;dueto;owingto;adaptto;adjustto;referto;seeto;beaccustomedto；turnto;addto;cometo\n1.Theriverruns_____thecity.A.toB.acrossC.throughD.into2.IlikeMr.Minter’sspeech;itwasclearand_____thepoint.A.atB.onC.toD.of3.Thediseasespreadquickly_____thecountry.allthroughB.throughoutC.fromacrossD.asto4.Mostofusknowweshouldcutdownonfat,butknowingsuchthingsisn’tofmuchhelpwhenit____shoppingandeating.A.referstoB.speaksofC.focusesonD.comesto\n(四十一)under在…下面,在…底下Theylaydownundertheshadeofatree.他们躺在一棵树的树阴下。少于,低于Hisincomeisunder￡2000ayear.他每年的收入不到两千英镑。在…情况下,在…过程中Thecarisunderrepairs.这辆汽车在修理中。在…管辖下;在…影响下Shehasthreesecretariesunderher.她手下有三名秘书。\n(四十二)up(表示位置)在…的上端Therewasaworkmanuptheladder.有一个工人在梯子上工作。(表示方向)朝…上,向…上Theyclimbedupahill.他们爬上了山。\n(四十三)with1.和…在一起Wouldyouliketogotothestreetwithme?2.具有,带有ManyexhibitswithcharacteristicsoftheChineseartareondisplay.许多具有中国艺术特色的展品陈列出来。3.用,以,藉Theroomiscooledwithairconditioner.这房间用空调降温。4.对…,关于Themanagerwassatisfiedwithme.5.与此同时,随着Thewineimproveswithage.6.(表示原因)由于,因为Sheflushedwithdelight.她高兴得脸上通红。\nWith的复合结构1）with+宾语+形容词/副词Don’ttalkwithyourmouthfull.Andersonwaslyingonthebedwithallhisclotheson.2）With+宾语+介词短语Hewasasleepwithhisheadonhisarms.3）with+宾语+todoNowwewereonourfeetwithanother500milestogo.4）with+宾语+过去分词Alltheafternoonheworkedwiththedoorlocked.5）with+宾语+现在分词Withwintercomingon，it'stimetobuywarmclothes.\nwith复合结构的作用with复合结构在句子中作状语，表示原因、时间、条件、伴随、方式等。请阅读下面的句子。1）Jacksoonfellasleepwiththelightstillburning.（作伴随状语）2）Shecouldnotleavewithherpainfuldutyunfulfilled.（作原因状语）3）Helayinbedwithhisheadcovered.（作方式状语）注：with复合结构在句子中还可以作定语，阅读下面的句子。TherewasaletterforLannywithaSwissstamponit.（作定语修饰letter）\n请选择最佳答案1）Withnothing_______toburn，thefirebecameweakandfinallydiedout.A.leaving            B.leftC.leave              D.toleave2）Thegirlsattherequitesilentandstillwithhereyes_______onthewall.A.fixing             B.fixedC.tobefixing       D.tobefixed3）Iliveinthehousewithitsdoor_________tothesouth.A.facing             B.facesC.faced              D.beingfaced4）Theypretendedtobeworkinghardallnightwiththeirlights____.A.burn               B.burntC.burning            D.toburn5)Themurderwasbroughtin,withhishands___behindhisback.A.beingtiedB.havingtiedC.tobetiedD.tied6)Ican'tgooutwithallthesedishes______.A.towashB.washingC.tobewashedD.washed\n(四十四)within1.(表示位置)在…里面,在…内部Therearetwolongriverswithinthecontinent.该地区有两条长河。2.(表示时间距离)不超过Hehasgrownthreeincheswithinthelasttwoyears.这两年的工夫他长高了三英寸。Mr.Smithliveswithintenmilesofus.史密斯先生住在离我们不到十英里远的地方。3.(表示范围)在范围[限度]内Itiswithinourpowertorewardhimforthat.我们有权为那件事奖励他。\n(四十五)without1.(表示否定)无,没有Idon'tlikeahousewithoutabathroom.我不喜欢没有浴室的房子。2.(表示伴随)在没有…的陪伴下,在不附带…的情况下Thetwocannevertalkwithoutsmiling.他俩谈话没有不笑的时候。gowithout;withouthesitation\n1.Itsavestimeinthekitchentohavethingsyouusealot_____easyreach.A.nearB.uponC.withinD.around2._____thetemperaturefallingsorapidly,wecouldn’tgoonwiththeexperiment.A.WithB.ForC.AsD.Since