高中英语书面表达精品课件 42页

英语写作\n山东2007年高考考试说明第II卷书面表达部分的解读与例证关于写作“‘写作’的词数要求提高到120—150词汇，既要求表达事实信息，又要陈述个人观点，相对以往试题而言，思维和表达的空间骤然增大，需要考生花大力气进行有关训练。”\n《齐鲁晚报》2006年12月19日B2版[例证]当前不少文学作品被改编成电影。有人选择看电影，有人则喜欢读原著。请你以“Filmorbook,whichdoyouprefer?”为题，按照下列要点写一篇英语短文：\n看电影：省时、有趣、易懂读原著：细节更多、语言优美我的看法及理由注意：1、词数：100-120文章题目和开头已给出（不计入词数）。2、参考词汇：originalwork或bookintheoriginal（原著）Filmorbook,whichdoyouprefer?Someofusthinkthatitisbettertoseethefilmthantoreadthebookintheoriginal.……………………………………………\nFilmorbook,whichdoyouprefer?Someofusthinkthatitisbettertoseethefilmthantoreadthebookintheoriginal.……………………………………………[badbeginnings]Idon’tthinkseeingafilmisbetterthanreadingabook.b.Asforme,……c.Othersholdtheviewthat……[badconclusions]Ithinkbothfilmsandbookshavetheiradvantages.b.Ihavenopreferencebetweenthetwo.c.Ifirstwatchafilm,thenreadthebook.\nGoodConclusions：我的看法及理由：Revisedfilmisjustlikeonetreeintheoriginalwork’sforest.Iprefertogoacrosstheforestratherthanenjoyonlyonetree.Throughreading,everyreaderwillhaveadifferentHamletinmind.Sodon’tgiveupreading.Let’stastetheoriginalflavorofart.…Booksintroduceusintothebestsociety.Byreadingabook,wehearwhattheysaidanddid;weseethemasiftheywerereallyalive;wesympathizewiththem,enjoywiththem.\n[给出的参考答案]Someofusthinkthatitisbettertoseethefilmthantoreadthebookintheoriginal.Thereasonisthatittakeslesstimetounderstandthewholestory.Besides,thefilmisusuallymoreinteresting,anditiseasiertofollow.Someothershavejusttheoppositeopinion.Theythinkthattheycangetmoredetailedinformationfromtheoriginal.Meanwhile,thelanguageinthebookispossiblymorelivelyandbeautiful.\nPersonally,Iagreewiththesecondview.ActuallyIhavemorereasonsforit.IthinkIcanstayathome,readingquietlyinasituationofmyown,andwhat’smore,Iamabletobetterunderstandtheauthor’sideas.Inaword,toreadtheoriginalworkisbetterthantoseethefilmbasedonit.\n高考英语作文模版对比观点题型阐述主题题型解决方法题型说明利弊题型\n对比观点题型（1） 要求论述两个对立的观点并给出自己的看法。1．有一些人认为。。。2．另一些人认为。。。3．我的看法。。。（2）给出一个观点，要求考生反对这一观点\nThetopicof①----------主题）isbecomingmoreandmorepopularrecently.Therearetwosidesofopinionsaboutit.SomepeoplesayAistheirfavorite.Theyholdtheirviewforthereasonof②-----------------（支持A的理由一）Whatismore,③------------理由二).Moreover,④---------------(理由三).WhileothersthinkthatBisabetterchoiceinthefollowingthreereasons.Firstly,-----------------(支持B的理由一).Secondly(besides),⑥------------------（理由二）.Thirdly(finally),⑦------------------(理由三).Frommypointofview,Ithink⑧--------------（我的观点）.Thereasonisthat⑨--------------------(原因).Asamatteroffact,therearesomeotherreasonstoexplainmychoice.Forme,theformerissurelyawisechoice.\nThereisawidespreadconcernovertheissuethat–作文题目-butitiswellknownthattheopinionconcerningthishottopicvariesfrompersontoperson.Amajorityofpeoplethinkthat–观点一-Intheirviewtherearetwofactorscontributingtothisattitudeasfollows:inthefirstplace,-原因一-.Inthesecondplace,-原因二-.Soitgoeswithoutsayingthat–观点一-.People,however,differintheiropinionsonthismatter.Somepeopleholdtheviewthat–观点二-.Fromtheirpointofview,foronething,-原因一-.Foranother,-原因二-.Therefore,thereisnodoubt-观点二-.AsfarasIamconcerned,Ifirmlysupporttheviewthat–观点一或二-.Itisnotonlybecause,butalsobecause.Themore___,themore____.\n（2）给出一个观点，要求考生反对这一观点Somepeoplebelievethat①----------------（观点一）.Forexample,theythink②-----------------（举例说明)．Anditwillbringthem③-------(为他们带来的好处).Inmyopinion,Ineverthinkthisreasoncanbethepoint.Foronething,④-------------(我不同意该看法的理由一).Foranotherthing,⑤-----------------(反对的理由之二)．FormallwhatIhavesaid,Iagreetothethoughtthat⑥------------------(我对文章所讨论主题的看法)．\n阐述主题题型要求从一句话或一个主题出发，按照提纲的要求进行论述．１.阐述名言或主题所蕴涵的意义．２．分析并举例使其更充实．\nThegoodoldproverb----------------（名言或谚语）remindsusthat-----(释义).Indeed,wecanlearnmanythingsformit.Firstofall,----------(理由一).Forexample,-------------(举例说明).Secondly,-------(理由二).Anothercaseisthat-------(举例说明).Furthermore,------------------(理由三)．Inmyopinion,----------------(我的观点).Inshort,whateveryoudo,pleaserememberthesay---A.Ifyouunderstanditandapplyittoyourstudyorwork,you’llnecessarilybenefitalotfromit.\nItiswellknowntousthattheproverb:“-谚语-”hasaprofoundsignificanceandvaluenotonlyinourjobbutalsoinourstudy.Itmeans-谚语的含义-.Thesayingcanbeillustratedthroughaseriesofexamplesasfollows.Acaseinpointis-例子一-.Therefore,itgoeswithoutsayingthatitisofgreatimportancetopracticetheproverb-谚语-.WiththerapiddevelopmentofscienceandtechnologyinChina,anincreasingnumberofpeoplecometorealizethatitisalsoofpracticalusetostickthesaying:-谚语-.Themoreweareawareofthesignificanceofthisfamoussaying,themorebenefitswewillgetinourdailystudyandjob.\n解决方法题型要求考生列举出解决问题的多种途径１．问题现状２．怎样解决(解决方案的优缺点\nInrecentdays,wehavetofaceaproblem-----A,whichisbecomingmoreandmoreserious.First,------------(说明Ａ的现状)．Second,---------------(举例进一步说明现状)ConfrontedwithA,weshouldtakeaseriesofeffectivemeasurestocopewiththesituation.Foronething,-----------(解决方法一).Foranother-------------(解决方法二).Finally,-------(解决方法三).Personally,Ibelievethat-----------(我的解决方法).Consequently,I’mconfidentthatabrightfutureisawaitingusbecause--------------(带来的好处).\n说明利弊题型这种题型往往要求先说明一下现状，再对比事物本身的利弊，有时也会单从一个角度（利或弊）出发，最后往往要求考生表明自己的态度（或对事物前景提出预测）１.说明事物现状２.事物本身的优缺点（或一方面）３.你对现状（或前景）的看法\nNowadaysmanypeoplepreferAbecauseithasasignificantroleinourdailylife.Generally,itsadvantagescanbeseenasfollows.First-------(Ａ的优点之一).Besides-----------（Ａ的优点之二）.Buteverycoinhastwosides.Thenegativeaspectsarealsoapparent.Oneoftheimportantdisadvantagesisthat----------------(Ａ的第一个缺点)．Tomakemattersworse,--------------(Ａ的第二个点)．Throughtheaboveanalysis,Ibelievethatthepositiveaspectsoverweighthenegativeones.Therefore,Iwouldliketo---------------(我的看法)．\nNowadays,thereisawidespreadconcernover(theissue)that–作文题目-.Infact,therearebothadvantagesanddisadvantagesin–题目议题-.generallyspeaking,itiswidelybelievedthathereareseveralpositiveaspectsasfollows.Firstly,-优点一-.Secondly,-优点二-.Justasapopularsayinggoes,“everycoinhastwosides”.-讨论议题-isnoexception,andinotherwords,itstillhasnegativeaspects.Tobeginwith,-缺点一-.Inaddition,-缺点二-.Tosumup,weshouldtrytobringtheadvantagesof–讨论议题-intofullplay,andreducethedisadvantagestotheminimumatthesametime.Inthatcase,wewilldefinitelymakeabetteruseofthe–讨论议题-.\nNowadays,therearemoreandmore(某现象)in(某场合).Itisestimatedthat(相关数据).Whyhavetherebeensomany(某现象)?/Recently_____,whatamazesusmostis___.Itistruethat__.Maybethereasonscanbelistedasfollows.Thefirstoneis(原因一).Besides,(原因二).Thethirdoneis__.Tosumup,themaincauseof(某现象)isdueto(最主要原因).Itishightimethatsomethingwasdonetoit.Firstly,(解决方法一).Secondly.(方法二).Allthesemeasureswillcertainlyreducethenumberof(某现象).\nAs is shown/indicated by the figure/percentageinthetable(graph/picture/chart),___作文题目的议题_____ has been onrise/ decrease significantly/dramatically/steadily risingfrom____ in____ to ______ in _____.From the sharp/markeddecline/ rise in the chart, it goes without saying that ________.Thereareatleasttwogoodreasons accounting for ______.Ontheonehand, _____. Ontheotherhand,_______ isduetothefactthat ________.Inaddition, ________isresponsiblefor_______.Maybetherearesomeotherreasonstoshow ___.Butitisgenerallybelievedthattheabovementionedreasonsarecommonlyconvincing.AsfarasIamconcerned,I hold the point of view that __. Iamsuremyopinionisbothsoundandwell-grounded.图表作文的框架\nStudyingAbroadAttendingschoolsabroadhasmanyadvantages.Firstly,bylookingatourowncountryformoutside,wecanwidenourvisionandbroadenourminds.Secondly,wecanvisitfamousscenicspotsandmakefriendswiththelocalpeople.thirdly,wecanusetheforeignlanguage…quickly.However,therearealsosomedisadvantagesinattendingaforeignschool.Themostseriousproblemisthelanguagebarrier.Moststudentsdonothaveadequateknowledgeoflanguagespokenthere.Onarrivingthere,theyfinditdifficulttounderstandwhattheteachersaresaying.Furthermore,thecostoflivingismuchhigherthanthatinourcountry,somoststudentshavetofindpart-timejobtosupportthemselves.Onthewhole,itisagoodthingtostudyabroad.However,onemustnotlosesightofthedisadvantages.说明利弊型\nOnpunctualityPunctualitymeansobservingregularorappointedtime.Thereisnodoubtthatpunctualityisofgreatimportanceinmodernworld,andtobepunctualisnotonlyagoodquality,butitisalsotoshowrespectforothersandtowintrust.AsfarasIamconcerned,failuretobepunctualinkeepingone’sappointmentisinvitedtoadinnerandarriveslaterthantheappointedtime,hekeepsalltheothersguestswaiting.Thisisgreatdiscourtesytowardsboththeguestsandthehost.Asaproverbsays,“Timefliesnevertoberecalled”,thisistrue.Ifwelosesomething,wemayfinditagain.Butlosttimecanneverberegained.Infact,timeitselfislife.Therefore,wastingother’stimeisthesameastakingawaytimefromothers’lives.阐述主题题型\nIstheonlywayouttogotocollegeWehadadiscussionaboutwhetheritistheonlywayoutforseniorstudentstogotocollege.Viewsvaryfrompersontoperson.Themajorityofstudentsconsideritnecessarytogotocollege.Theythinkitcanwidentheirknowledgeandimprovetheirqualities.Onlyinthiswaycantheyfindbetterjobsaftergraduation.Veryfewstudentsthinkitunnecessarytogotouniversity,becausethetuitionistoohighfortheirfamilytoafford.What’smore,it’sratherhardforcollegegraduatestofindsatisfactoryjobs.Thirtypercentofthestudents,however,believe“AllroadsleadtoRome.”Therefore,itdoesn’tmakeanydifferencewhethertheygotocollegeornot.Inmyopinion,wecanreceiveabettereducationatcollegesothatwecanseverourmotherland.图表作文\n怎样写好一篇英语作文\n写作中需要注意的问题了解短文写作的内容及要求把握好写作步骤写作时要注意“三忌”形式上要一致避免犯小的笔误（语法，拼写）书写规范，工整\n形式上的一致也是运用英语进行表达时需要十分注意的a.主谓一致Twentypercentofthestudentsinourclassisfromthesuburb.b.人称、指代要一致BringyourbooksheretomorrowandIwillreturnittothelibrary.c.平行(对称)关系要一致Myteacher,MrWang,ispatientaswellasimagination.d.时态（语态）的起点要一致Marygotupanddressingquickly.\n书面表达注意衔接与连贯表示转折关系的词：but,while,however,yet,ratherthan,not…but,whereas,…表示选择关系的词：or,either…or,…表示原因，结果关系的词：for,thus,because,since,…表示并列关系：notonly…butalso,and,both…and,aswellas.neither…nor..,…表示时间关系的词：when,while,as,before,after,….表示目的的词：forthispurpose,sothat,inorderthat,…表示让步关系的词：although,though,eventhough/if…表示条件的词：if,unless,as/solongas,…\neg:Therefore,it’sveryimportantforustoformhealthyeatinghabits.__________,badeatinghabitsarestillverycommonamongusstudents.(2006福建卷)______youdidn’tspeakclearly,_____Ididn’tlistenwell.However,othersprefertogooutfortraveling,________itcanincreasetheirknowledgeandbroadentheirhorizons.(2006陕西卷)However,thischangehasbad_________goodeffects,especiallydependenceontheInternet.(2006广东卷)________hegothome,hesaidtohisgrandpa,“Birdsalsoneedfriends!”(2006辽宁卷)HoweveraswellassinceEitherorWhen\n写好主题句：一.主题句在段落中常出现的位置由两种。1.段落开端:后面的句子提供支持信息或论证。Someofusthinkthatitisbettertoseethefilmthantoreadthebookintheoriginal.Thereasonisthatittakeslesstimetounderstandthewholestory.Besides,thefilmisusuallymoreinterestinganditiseasiertofollow.段落结尾：前面提供细节的支持句，最后用一句总结性的主题句加以概括。I’mahighschoolstudentsinBeijing,wheretheWinterAsianGameswillstart.MyspokenEnglishisgoodandIcancommunicatewithforeignersfluently.AndIhaveothervirtues.IlikesportsandI’mfamiliarwithBeijing.SoIthinkI’msuitableforservingtheWAG.\n写好段落主题句的三原则概括全段主要内容，既不能以偏概全，也不能随意扩大范围如：在一段介绍“我在英语学习听说读写方面发生的变化”的段落中，主题句应该是：MyspokenEnglishhasimprovedalot.GreatchangeshavetakenplaceinmyEnglishstudy.2.有体现中心思想的关键词或短语。3.以简洁明了的句子为主，避免为追求使用复杂结构而导致理解错误或主题不鲜明的句子。\n请根据下面选篇的结构形式和内容确定一个主题句。________________Firstly,thetuitionisreasonable.Secondly,theuniversitycanhelpthestudentsgetasumofloanfromthebanks,whichreducestheloadofpeasantfamilieslikemine.Thirdly,itsprogramincomputerisrecognizedastheleaderinthecountry.WhydoIchoosetomajorincomputerscienceinthisuniversity?B.ThereareseveralreasonswhyIhavedecidedtoattendthisuniversity.Learningaforeignlanguagehaschanged.Notsolongagostudentswouldsitwithpensinhand,writingthebasicformsofalanguage,andthelearningstructurestheywouldneverbeabletospeak.Inthatsameclassroomtoday,pensandnotebookshavebeenputaway.Thespokensoundsofforeignlanguagefilltheroom…\n写好段落扩展句扩展句是主题句的具体例证或有力支持。写好扩展句要注意以下三点:扩展句要紧扣文章中心和主题句的内容。扩展句是主题句的补充和支持。2.扩展句的层次很重要。一个主题句可以从以下几方面展开，每一个方面就是一个扩展句。这些扩展句只有按照时间，空间，因果等逻辑顺序展开，文章才能层次分明，条理清晰。3.关联词对扩展句来说很重要。汉语注意思想相联，英文强调形式相联。从属于一个主题句的几个扩展句不能简单地堆砌在一起了事，而要用丰富多采的连词连接起来。\n阅读下面的文段，并为所给的扩展句排列顺序：IthinkI’mfitforthejob._______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________SoI’msureIcandothejobwellifIgettheposition.I’mfondofEnglishanddowellinbothspeakingandwriting.B.Asastudent,Ihavereadalotandhavemuchknowledgeinmanyfields.C.Aboveall,Ionceworkedasareporterformyschoolbroadcastingstation.D.Besides,I’measytogetalongwithandenjoyworkingtogetherwithothers.BADＣ\n写好结尾句结尾句要紧扣段落主题，有要有所扩展。结尾句要力求简洁有力，意味隽永。结尾句可以借鉴一下几种方法：总结法如04年湖北试题关于英语学习的讨论，范文用“Inshort,thestudentshavenotarrivedanyagreement.”结尾。2.引用法引用名人名言是使作文大放异彩的好方法。如05广东“守株待兔”的结尾用“Nopains,nogains.”显现了作者的良好功底。3.反问法05湖北试题用“whatareyouwaitingfor?”的反问为文章做了有力的结尾。\n阅读下文，选出最佳结尾句。WecanseeinthepicturealittleboystandinginfrontofamirrorHe’slettinghisimaginationfly.Whatheseesinthemirrorisnothisphysicalselfbutwhathewilllikeinthetwentyyears.Althoughheissmallandshortnow.hebelievedhewillgrowuptobeatallandstrongyoungmanlikeYaoMingwhoheAdmires._____________________________.Thispictureisreallyfunny.Infact,themirrorischeatingtheboyanditisuselesstopretendtobestrongC.Ithinkthispicturetriestotellusthatweshouldalwayslookintothefuturewithhopeandconfidence.D.YaoMingisgreat,whiletheboyisontheopposite.C\nLet'spractise!\n练习一：为进一步推进新课程改革，了解学生需求，优化教学安排，最近你小进行大讨论。主题是：高中生要不要每周都过星期天？请你根据下表以学生小华的身份写一篇短文向英文报社投稿客观介绍讨论的结果并简要谈一下你的看法。70%的同学认为30%的同学认为自己的看法1.应该过2.可以使自己倒到放松3.可以多了解社会1.不必每周都过2.学习任务重，以提高考试成绩为主3.有些学生上网玩游戏，无所事事\n练习二：汽车作为一种新型的交通工具一直为人们所喜爱但随着城市交通越来越来拥堵，环境越来越差，现在又有很多人选择可自行车。请你以“CarsorBicycles”为题写一篇120-150词左右的短文。文章开头以给出适当阐述自己的观点CarsorBicyclesComparedwithcars,theadvantagesofbikesoverweightheirdisadvanges.Firstly,theyarehealthyandveryconvenient._____________________________________________________\n练习三：请你根据下面的提示，写一篇120-150词左右的短文，来谈谈克隆和克隆技术Cloning是我们医学研究的未来；在科学家研究的过程中，能发现生病的原因利用克隆技术治疗不治之症，甚至助于延长寿命；3.如果复制像爱因斯坦这样天才，对社会进步起到极大的推动作用。4.如果可以复制已故亲人或宠物，人们的生活会减少悲伤，增加欢乐；5.你对克隆人的看法。