高中英语定语从句考点例析课件 37页

定语从句考点\n考查以that与which引导的定语从句考查以who，whom与whose引导的定语从句考查数词/代词/名词+of+which/whom考查关系副词where，when与why引导的定语从句对as/which引导定语从句的考查对“介词+关系代词”的考查特殊词后的定语从句考查定语从句中的主谓一致考查分隔式定语从句及插入语的用法其他句型的对比\n1.Youcanonlybesureof______youhaveatpresent;youcannotbesureofsomething_____youmightgetinthefuture.(NMET07安徽)A.that;whatB.what;thatC.which;thatD./;that2.---Doyouhaveanythingtosayforyourselves?---Yes,thisistheonlyonepoint______wemustinsiston.(NMET04安徽)A.whichB.thatC.whereD.whenBB3\n考点一：考查以that与which引导的定语从句通常只能用that的情况当先行词为all,much,little,few,none,something,anything,everything,nothing等不定代词时先行词被all,every,each,no,some,few,any,little,much修饰时先行词被theonly,thevery,thejust修饰时先行词被序数词、形容词的最高级修饰时如果先行词既指人又指物，应用关系代词that先行词是疑问词who,which,what时，定语从句用that而不用who,(whom)和which引导。\nYesterdayshesoldhercar,______sheboughtamonthago.[2008浙江卷]A.whomB.whereC.thatD.which(07江苏卷)Hewaseducatedatthelocalhighschool,______hewentontoBeijingUniversity.A.afterwhichB.afterthatC.inwhichD.inthatDA\nWhich可以引导非限定性定语从句，用来指物或整个句子,指人用who或whom在介词后面，指事物用which，指人用whom归纳点：通常只用which的情况\nWomen______drinkmorethantwocupsofcoffeeadayhaveagreaterchanceofhavingheartdiseasethanthose____don’t.（2006北京卷）A.who,／B.／,whoC.who,whoD.／,／C\nWeshouldn’tspendourmoneytestingsomanypeople，mostof____arehealthy.(2007北京)A.thatB.whichC.whatD.whomHaveyouseenthefilm“Titanic”,_____leadingactorisworldfamous?(2001上海春季)A.itsB.itC.whoseD.whichDC\n考点二：(1)如果先行词是指人，作主语用who，作宾语用whom。(2)在非限制性定语从句中，指人作主语用who，作宾语用whom，口语中也可用who。(3)在定语从句中，作定语的关系代词只能用whose，它相当于the+名词+of+which／whomTheyliveinahouse,whosedooropenstothesouth.Theylivedinahouse,thedoorofwhichopenstothesouth.\n(07安徽卷)Lastweek,onlytwopeoplecametolookatthehouse,___wantedtobuyit.A.noneofthemB.bothofthemC.noneofwhomD.neitherofwhom(04辽宁卷)Thefactoryproduceshalfamillionpairsofshoeseveryyear,80%_______aresoldabroad.A.ofwhichB.whichofC.ofthemD.ofthatDA10\n考点三：非限制性定语从句中，要表示先行词的一部分时，可用“数词/代词/名词+of+which/whom”的结构e.g.Thereare50studentsinourclass,two-thirdsofwhomhavebeentoBeijing.Ireadasentence,themeaningofwhichIdon’tunderstand.11\nAlltheneighborsadmirethisfamily,_________theparentsaretreatingtheirchildlikeafriend.[2008安徽卷]A.whyB.whereC.whichD.thatOccasionsarequiterare______Ihavethetimetospendadaywithmykids.[2008山东卷]A.whoB.whichC.whyD.whenBD\n(07天津卷)Thosesuccessfuldeafdancersthinkthatdancingisanactivity________sightmattersmorethanhearing.A.whenB.whoseC.whichD.where(03北京卷)Wearelivinginanage______manythingsaredoneoncomputer.A.whichB.thatC.whoseD.whenDD13\n考点四：考查关系副词where,when与why引导的定语从句1.先行词是表示地点,时间,原因的名词或含有地点,时间,原因意义的抽象名词，用来引导定语从句.where,where,why在从句中作状语相当于相应的介词+which2.若定语从句缺主语或宾语，用which或that引导定语从句。两种比较简单的辨别方法：1.看定语从句中的谓语动词是及物动词(vt.)还是不及物动词(vi.)，缺少宾语用关系代词，不缺少句子成分用关系副词2.把先行词带入从句谓语动词后，可以搭配的，用关系代词，无法搭配的，用关系副词\nThelibrary_____________youvisitedyesterdaywasbuiltin1990.Thisisthetown_____________//Ispentmychildhood.where/inwhichwhich/thatI’llneverforgettheday____________wefirstmetinthepark.I’llneverforgetthetime__________wasspentwithyou.when/onwhichwhich/thatThisisthereason_________________Ididn’tcomehere.why/forwhichThereason__________shegavewasnottrue.which/that15\n(07上海卷)Hismoviewonseveralawardsatthefilmfestival,__wasbeyondhiswildestdream.A.whichB.thatC.whereD.it(06天津卷)TheBeatles,manyofyouareoldenoughtoremember,camefromLiverpool.A.whatB.thatC.howD.as(2001NMET)______isknowntoeverybody,themoontravelroundtheearthonceeverymonth.A.ItB.AsC.ThatD.What.ADB16\n(05浙江卷)Jimpassedthedrivingtest,______surprisedeverybodyintheoffice.A.whichB.thatC.thisD.it(04江苏卷)____isoftenthecase,wehaveworkedouttheproductionplan.A.whichB.whenC.WhatD.As(04北京卷)____isreportedinthenewspapers,talksbetweenthetwocountriesaremakingprogress.A.ItB.AsC.ThatD.WhatADB\n考点五：对as/which引导定语从句的考查1.引导非限制性定语从句，指代前面整个句子的内容时用which或as，which引导的从句只能放在句中，as引导的从句即可放在句首，又可放在句中2.表示“正如……”时，只能用关系代词as。如：asisknowntoall，asweallknow,as(it)oftenhappens,ashasbeensaidbefore,asis/wasexpected,asissaid/mentionedabove.asisreported等。\nItrainedhardyesterday,____preventedmefromgoingtothepark..A.thatB.whichC.asD.itB3.as指代前面的整个主句并在从句中作主语时，从句中的谓语必须是系动词；若为行为动词，则从句中的关系代词只能用which.\n1.Thesehousesaresoldatsuchalowprice________peopleexpected.2.Heisnotthesameman________hewas.asas\n4.such+名词+as+从句thesame+名词+as+从句像、、、、、、一样的，像、、、、、、之类和、、、、、、同类的,一样的as在从句中作主语、宾语或者表语我们已找到了像他们公司使用的那种材料。Wehavefoundsuchmaterialastheircompanyuse/isusedintheircompany.\n[2008福建卷]Bynineo’clock,alltheOlympictorchbearershadreachedthetopofMountQomolangma,____appearedararerainbowsoon.A.ofwhichB.onwhichC.fromwhichD.abovewhich(2008上海卷)Wewentthroughaperiod___communicationswereverydifficultintheruralareas.A.whichB.whoseC.inwhichD.withwhichDC\n考点六：对“介词+关系代词”的考查看定语从句中动词或形容词与介词的搭配看从句中的动词或动词词组与先行词的搭配根据先行词判断，所用的介词与先行词搭配\n1.Heistheman_____whomIthinkyoucandepend.2.Hereferredmetosomereferencebooks______whichIamnotveryfamiliar.3.Hemadeaholeinthewall,______whichhecouldseewhatwasgoingonoutsidethehouse.4.Thecommentsontheirproduct,____whichthisisoneexample,areverysharp.onwiththroughof24\n5.Therate______whichwildanimalsarebeingdestroyedhasincreased.6.Thisisourclassroom,_______________（在前面）whichthereisateacher’sdesk.atinthefrontof25\nWhatsurprisedmewasnotwhathesaidbut_____hesaidit.(2004湖北卷)A.thewayB.inthewaythatC.inthewayD.thewaywhich1.Theway_________________heexplainedthesentencetouswasnotdifficulttounderstand.2.Theway_________________heexplainedtouswasquitesimple.Athat/inwhich/不填that/which/不填\nToday,we’lldiscussanumberofcases_____beginnersofEnglishfailtousethelanguageproperly.(07陕西)A.whichB.asC.whyD.whereD27\n考点七：特殊词后的定语从句theway做先行词时,先看后面定语从句中是否缺少主语或宾语:缺少主语或宾语:引导词用that/which/不填(缺宾语时)主语宾语都不缺:引导词用that/inwhich/不填\nwhere引导的定语从句先行词大多数情况下是表示地点的名词，但也有特殊情况。1.I’vecometothepointwhereIcan’tstandhim.我已经到了无法容忍他的地步了。2.Thecountryisinthesituationwhereawarwillbreakoutatanytime.国家正处在随时有可能爆发战争的局势中。如果定语从句分别修饰point,situation,part,condition和case等表示抽象意义的词，常用where引导，意思是“到了某种地步，在某种境况中”29\nThisisoneoftherooms____freenow.A.thatisB.thatareC.whatisD.whatareHeistheonlyoneoftheexperts______alittleChinese.A.whoknowsB.whoknowC.whichknowsD.whatknowa.Icametogetthebookthat____leftintheclassroom.b.Icametogetthebooksthat____leftintheclassroom.BAwaswere30\nHeistheonlyoneofthestudentswho___awinnerofscholarshipforthreeyears.(2002上海春招卷)A.isB.areC.havebeenD.hasbeenD31\n考点八：定语从句中的主谓一致1.引导词who,that或which在定语从句中作主语，定语从句谓语动词的数与定语从句所修饰的名词或代词的数保持一致。2.定语从句先行词是oneof…结构时，先行词为of后的复数名词或代词，从句谓语用复数。3.当定语从句先行词是the(only/very)oneof…结构时，先行词为one，从句谓语用单数形式。32\n1.Thedaysaregone___wesufferedsomuch.A.whenB.whichC.thatD.whether2.Theshipiscoming____lotsofgoldarekept.A.thatB.whichC.whereD.when3.—Isthatthesmalltownyouoftenreferto?—Right,justtheone___youknowIusedtoworkforyears.A.thatB.whichC.whereD.what4.Dorothywasalwaysspeakinghighlyofherroleintheplay,______ofcourse,madetheothersunhappy.A.whoB.whichC.thisD.whatACCB33\n考点九：考查分隔式定语从句及插入语的用法定语从句一般紧跟在先行词的后面，但有些时候也会被同位语、状语、谓语、其它定语等成分分隔。此时能够理清句子结构，识别先行词就显得特别重要。插入语出现在关系词之后，解题时应先删除插入语，再看定语从句中缺什么成分，再辅之以相应关系词。常见的插入语有Ithink,Isuppose,Iguess,Iimagine,Ibelieve,Iconsider等。辨别的方法是：去掉插入语后，原句句法结构仍然完整\n考点十：其他句型综合考查综合考查一：定语从句与强调句where/that1.Thisisthelibrary_____Iborrowedthebook.2.Itisfromthislibrary____Iborrowedthebook.3.---WheredidyoulastseeMr.Smith?---Itwasinthehotel____Ilived.A.thatB.whichC.whereD.whenwherethat定语从句强调句型C\n综合考查二：定语从句与同位语从句that/which1.Weallhaveheardthenews_____ourteamwon.2.Wedon’tbelieveinthenews_________hetoldusyesterday.综合考查三：定语从句与状语从句1.Headvisedmetolive___theairisfresher.2.Headvisedmetoliveintheroom_____theairisfresher.A.inwhereB.inwhichC.theplacewhereD.wherethatthat/which/—DBD\n1).Amoderncityhasbeensetupin____wasawastelandtenyearsago.2).Amoderncityhasbeensetupinaplace__________wasawastelandbefore.3).Amoderncityhasbeensetup_______therewasawastelandtenyearsago.what宾语从句which/that定语从句where地点状语从句