高中英语定语从句详解(绝对经典课件) 84页

Translatethefollowingsentences:Don’tforgetthethingsthatonceyouowned.Treasurethethingsthatyoucan’tget.Don'tgiveupthethingsthatbelongtoyouandkeepthoselostthingsinmemory.曾经拥有的，不要忘记。不能得到的，更要珍惜。属于自己的，不要放弃。已经失去的，留作回忆。\nGrammarTheAttributiveClause\n定语从句一、概念:在复合句中修饰名词或代词的句子.(Attributiveclause)…keepthoselostthingsinmemory.Don’tforgetthethingsthatonceyouowned.形容词作定语句子作定语,修饰things,是定语从句\nChinaisacountrywhichhasalonghistory.先行词定语从句Thefilmthatwesawyesterdayisinteresting.先行词关系词定语从句关系词\nHarryPorterisaboywhohasmagicpower.先行词关系词定语从句关系代词关系副词which,who,whom,whose,thatwhere,when，why\n(Joiningtwosentencesintoone)1Thewomanisateacher.2Thewomanlivesnextdoor.{Thewomanwho/thatlivesnextdoorisateacher.关系词指代(代替)先行词\n{1Aplaneisamachine.2Themachinecanfly.Aplaneisamachinewhich/thatcanfly.\n{1TheladyisMissGreen.2Wemetheryesterday.Thelady(who/whom)wemetyesterdayisMissGreen.\n☆关系代词和关系副词有三大作用，即连接（连接定语从句和主句）、替代（替代前面的先行词）、成分（在定语从句中要充当一定的句子成分）。\n{1Aplaneisamachine.2Themachinecanfly.Aplaneisamachinewhich/thatcanfly.做主语\n{1TheladyisMissGreen.2Wemetheryesterday.Thelady(who/whom)wemetyesterdayisMissGreen.做宾语\nHaveatry指出关系代词在定语从句中的成份：1.ThemanwhocametoourschoolisMr.Wang.()2.Thegirl(whom)ImetisLucy.()3.Ilikethebook(which)youboughtyesterday.()主语宾语宾语\nThemanthat/whoisspeakingatthemeetingisaworker.Thewomanwhom/that/whotheywantedtovisitisateacher.Thisisatruckwhich/thatismadeinChina.Thebook(which/that)Igaveyou wasworth$10.主语宾语可省略主语宾语可省略\n④whose作定语从句的定语(whose既可以指人，也可以指物).Iknowthegirlwhosemotherisateacher.分解Iknowthegirl.Thegirl’smotherisateacher.作定语Whose的使用条件：后紧跟名词意义上相当于先行词的所有格\n考点一：that和which以下情况，引导词用that，不用which。1.先行词为不定代词everything，little,much，all，anything，nothing,none,few时,5.先行词前有形容词最高级、序数词修饰时，先行词被all,any,every,little,much,no,some,theonly，thevery，thelast修饰时，2.先行词同时指人和指物时，3.主句已有which/who时4.在thereis/hereis/itis句型中\n①序数词或形容词最高级修饰先行词时TomisthecleverestboythatIhaveeverknown.ThisisthefirstplaythatIhaveseensinceIcamehere.\n③everything,something,nothing,all,anything,little,much等不定代词作先行词时Everythingthatwesawinthisfilmwastrue.②先行词被every,some,no,all,any,little,much等修饰时。I’vereadallthebooksthatyoulendme.\n④先行词被theonly,thevery,thesame,thelast修饰时。Thisistheverybookthatbelongstohim.⑤主句已有who或which时Whoisthegirlthatisstandingunderthetree?WhichisthemachinethatweusedlastSunday.\n⑥当先行词同时指人和物时I’veneverheardofthepeopleandthingsthatyoutalkedaboutjustnow.\n此外,关系代词前有介词时(介词提前).指人只用whom,指物只用whichThisistheboywithwhomhetalked.Thisistheringonwhichshespent1000dollars.\n如何选用定语从句的关系词1.确定是定语从句。（去掉从句看主句是否完整）2.确定定语从句的先行词3.把先行词带回到定语从句中去，看其在定语从句中做什么语法成分（主语，宾语，定语）\nHaveyougotit?\n1、Doyouknowtheman___istalkingwithyourfather?A.whoseB.whoC.which2、Theboys___theteachertalkedtoarefromClassOne.A.whenB.whichC.who3、Those___wanttogotothemuseummustbeattheschoolgateat7tomorrowmorning.A.whoB.whichC.whom选择题\n5.Thedoctor___youarelookingforisintheroom.A.whomB.whatC.which6.Theteacherfor____youarewaitinghascome.A.whoB.whomC.that介词提前时只能用whom\n7.Achild___parentsaredeadiscalledanorphan.A.whichB.hisC.whose8.Thisbookisforthestudents___native(本国的)languageisnotEnglish.A.thatB.ofwhomC.whose9.Theboy___compositionwonthefirstprizeistheyoungestinthegroup.A.whoB.whoseC.that\n10、Hepreferstoeattherice___inthesouth.A.whoisgrownB.whichisgrownC.whenisgrown11、Theknife___Icuttheapplewithcan’tbefound.A.whichB.whoC.what12、Theroomin___therearemanybooksismine.A.thatB.whoC.which13、Thisisthepen____heboughtyesterday.A.whichB.whoC.when介词提前时只能用whichthat\n14.All_____isneededisasupplyofoil.A.whichB.thatC.what15.Finally,thethiefhandedeverything____hehadstolentothepolice.A.whichB.whatC.that先行词是不定代词all,few,little,much,something,nothing,anything只能用that引导\n16.It’sthemostboringfilm___Ihaveeverseen.A.whichB.thatC.whose17.Thisisthefirstcar___arrivedthismorning.A.whichB.whoC.that先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时只能用that引导\n18.Iknowallpeople___arefromthatvillage.A.whoB.thatC.whose19.Thereisnowater___isneededbadly.A.whichB.whoC.that20.Pleasetakeanyseat___isfree.A.whichB.thatC.inwhich先行词被all,any,every,few,little,no,some等修饰时只能用that引导\n21.Thatistheverybook___Iwaslookingfor.A.whoB.thatC.which22.Afterthefireinhishouse,theoldcaristheonlything___heowns.A.whoB.thatC.which先行词被theonly,thevery,thesame,thelast等修饰时只能用that引导\n23.Thespeakerspokeofsomewritersandsomebooks___werepopularthen.A.whoB.thatC.which先行词被既有人又有物时只能用that引导\n24.Whoistheworker___tooksomepicturesofthefactory.A.whoB.thatC.which主句已有who或which时,只能用that引导\n填空题1.Ihaveafriend________likeslisteningtoclassicalmusic.who/thatwhich/thatwhose3.Theman______legbrokeinamatchusedtobeafootballplayer.2.YesterdayEmilywaswearingthenewdress__________Igaveher.\n4.Myparentsliveinahouse__________ismorethan100yearsold.5.Theboywith_______Johnspokeismybrother.which/thatwhom6.Kevinisreadingabook__________istoodifficultforhim.which/that\n7.Isthereanything________youwanttobuyinthetown.8.All______wecandoistostudyhard.9.Thefirstone_____standsupisalittleboy.thatthatthat\n句子翻译1.这就是救了那个孩子命的医生.Thisisthedoctorwhosavedtheboy’slife.2.正在跑步的那个人是我的叔叔.Themanwhoisrunningismyuncle.\n3.我喜欢可以随之而唱的音乐.IlikethemusicthatIcansingalongwith.4.住在隔壁的那个女的是一名教师.Thewomanwholivesnextdoorisateacher.\n定语从句中关系副词的用法1.定语从句中关系副词有：when,where,why2.关系副词在定语从句中所作的成份：关系副词在定语从句中都作状语。when作时间状语；where作地点状语；why作原因状语。\nHerememberedthedaywhenIarrivedinthisbigcity.IwentbacktotheplacewhereIwasbornandgrewup.Pleasegivemethereasonwhyyouwerelatethistime.when作时间状语，意为onthedaywhere作地点状语，意为intheplacewhy作原因状语，意为forthereason\nAttentionwhere引导的定语从句还可以修饰表示抽象空间概念的名词，如case(情况),point(地步)situation(情形),position(位置),stage(阶段)…Whataresomesituationswherebodylanguageistheonlyformofcommunication?在哪些情形下身体语言是唯一的沟通方式？\nwhy指原因或理由，它的先行词只有reason，在定语从句中作原因状语，亦可用“介词for+which”替代。Canyoutellmethereasonwhyyoudidn’tcometohisbirthdayparty?你能告诉我你没参加他的生日宴会的原因吗？\n3.并非先行词是表示时间、地点和原因的词时都用when,where,why，若先行词在定语从句中不作状语，而是作主语或宾语，就必须用which或that。Weoftenthinkofthedayswhichwespenttogetherinthecountryside.which在定语从句中作宾语\n比较:Weoftenthinkofthedayswhenweworkedtogetherinthecountryside.when在定语从句中作时间状语，相当于onthedays。Webelievethereasonthathetoldus.比较:Thereasonwhy/forwhichhewasabsentyesterdayisstillunknown.\n2.Somepre-schoolchildrengotoadaycarecenter,_______theylearnsimplegamesandsongs.A.thenB.thereC.whileD.where[点拨]这是一个定语从句，先行词是adaycarecenter，表示地点，故选where。\n3.Thevillagehasdevelopedalot_____welearnedfarmingtwoyearsago.A.whenB.whichC.thatD.where[点拨]该句先行词是Thevillage，定语从句和先行词被谓语hasdevelopedalot隔开，从句中缺地点状语，故选where。\n4.AfterlivinginParisforfiftyyearshereturnedtothesmalltown_____hegrewupasachild.A.whichB.thatC.whereD.when\n5.Isthisthereason____atthemeetingforhiscarelessnessinhiswork?A.heexplainedB.whatheexplainedC.howheexplainedD.whyheexplained\n6.Therearealtogetherelevenbooksontheshelf,____fivearemine.A.onwhichB.inwhichC.ofwhichD.fromwhich\n高考链接【2013北京】27.Manycountriesarenowsettingupnationalparks______animalsandplantscanbeprotected.A.when B.which C.whose  D.where【2013福建】27.Thebooktellsstoriesoftheearthquakethroughtheeyesofthose_______liveswereaffected.A.whose   B.that       C.who   D.which\n【2013湖南】21.Happinessandsuccessoftencometothose________aregoodatrecognizingtheirownstrengths.  A.whom   B.who    C.what    D.which【2013江苏】32.ThepresidentoftheWorldBanksayshehasapassionforChina______,heremembersstartingasearlyashischildhood.A.where   B.which      C.what       D.when\n【2013江西】33. Hewrotealetter______heexplainswhathadhappenedintheaccident.A.what    B.which    C.where    D.how【2013山东】35.Finallyhereachedalonelyisland_________wascompletelycutofffromtheoutsideworld.A.when  B.where  C.which  D.whom\n【2013新课标II卷】4.WhenIarrived,Bryantookmetoseethehouse_____Iwouldbestaying.A.what    B.when   C.where    D.which【2013浙江】5.Thechildren,______hadplayedthewholedaylong,werewornout.A.allofwhat      B.allofwhichC.allofthem     D.allofwhom\n【2013浙江】13.Themuseumwillopeninthespringwithanexhibitionandaviewingplatform______visitorscanwatchthebigglasshousesbeingbuilt.A.what   B.where   C.when  D.why\n【2013重庆】24.Johninvitedabout40peopletohiswedding,mostof ______arefamilymembers.Athem     B.that       C.which     D.whom【2013安徽】29.MoYanwasawardedtheNobelPrizeforLiteraturein2012,  ______madeoneoftheChinesepeople’slong-helddreamscometrue.A.it                B.that  C.what      D.which\n【2013四川】9.Nowadayspeoplearemoreconcernedabouttheenvironment______theylive.A.what  B.which    C.when   D.where【2013天津】6.Wehavelaunchedanotherman-madesatellite,_____isannouncedintoday’snewspaper.A.that           B.which  C.who   D.what\nwhich指代整个句子不可置于句首只能位于主句后Theydidn’tcometoschoolontime,whichmadetheteacherangry.2.Thesportsmeetingwasputoff,whichastonished(吃惊）usgreatly.3.Hisfatherdiedlastyear,whichmadeitimpossibleforhimtogotoschool.4.Hedidn’tpasstheexam,whichdisappointedhisparents.\nAsweallknow,Chinaisadevelopingcountry.Chinaisagreatcountrywithalonghistory,asisknowntoall.as引导定语从句，位置灵活，可位于句首、句中和句末。Thenumberofthevisitors,aswehadexpected,wasover200.\n2.从意义上讲，as指代常识性的东西，译成“就象……那样、正如所……的”which指代整个句子,常译为“这件事”常指这件事导致的结果。当后置的非限定性定语从句是否定结构时，只能用which引导。\n1.ashasbeensaidbefore2.aswecansee3.asisexpected4,asisreported5.ashasbeenpointedout6.asismentionedabove7．asiswellknown8.asisoftenthecase9.asoftenhappens如上所述众所周知正如预料的那样正如已经指出的那样这是常有的事正如经常发生的那样正如我们看到的那样正如上面所提到那样正如被报道的那样\n★as在从句中作主语时，后面常接行为动词的被动语态，如beknown，besaid，bereported等★如从句中行为动词是主动语态，一般要用which作主语。1)Shehasbeenlateagain,_______wasexpected.2)Tomhasmadegreatprogress,_______madeushappy.aswhich\n【2013陕西】16. ______isoftenthecasewithchildren,Amywasbetterbythetimethedoctorarrived. A.It             B.That    C.What     D.As\n1._________isreportedinthenewspapers,talksbetweenthetwocountriesaremakingprogress.A.ItB.AsC.ThatD.What2.Jimpassedthedrivingtest,_________surprisedeverybodyintheoffice.A．whichB．thatC．thisD．it3.Thenumberofseniorhighschoolstudentsisincreasing,_______ismentionedabove.A.thatB.itC.suchD.as√√√\n3)Tommaderapidprogress,___delightedhisparents.A.asB.whichC.thatD.whatB4)Bambooishollow,____madeitverylight.A.asB.whichC.thatD.soB\n【2013陕西】16. ______isoftenthecasewithchildren,Amywasbetterbythetimethedoctorarrived. A.It             B.That    C.What     D.As【2013新课标I卷】33.”Youcan’tjudgeabookbyitscover,”  ______.A.asthesayinggoesold      B.goesastheoldsayingC.astheoldsayinggoes      D.goesasoldthesaying\n【2013山东】31.Thereisnosimpleanswer,_____isoftenthecaseinscience.A.as   B.that   C.when  D.where【2013辽宁】34.Hemaywinthecompetition,_____heislikelytogetintothenationalteam.A.inwhichcase     B.inthatcaseC.inwhatcase    D.inwhosecase\n【2012全国卷II】⒏Thatevening,___Iwilltellyoumoreaboutlater,Iendedupworkingverylate.A.thatB.whichC.whatD.when【2012安徽】29.Ａlotoflanguagelearning,hasbeendiscovered,ishappeninginthefirstyearoflife,soparentsshouldtalkmuchtotheirchildrenduringthatperiod.A.asB.itC.whichD.this\n【2012重庆】29.Salesdirectorisaposition______communicationabilityisjustasimportantassalesskills.A.whichB.thatC.whenD.where【2012北京】26.Whendeeplyabsorbedinwork,______heoftenwas，hewouldforgetallabouteatingorsleeping.A.thatB.whichC.whereD.when\n【2012福建】23.Theairqualityinthecity,_____isshowninthereport,hasimprovedoverthepasttwomonths.thatB.itC.asD.what【2012陕西】14.Itisthethirdtimethatshehaswontherace,____hassurprisedusall.A.thatB.whereC.whichD.what\n【2012山东】23.Mariahaswrittentwonovels,bothof___havebeenmadeintotelevisionseries.A.themB.thatC.whichD.what【2012湖南】34.Careofthesoulisagradualprocess____eventhesmalldetailsoflifeshouldbeconsidered.whatB.inwhatC.whichD.inwhich\n【2012天津】7.IwishtothankProfessorSmith,without____helpIwouldneverhavegotthisfar.A.whoB.whoseC.whomD.which【2012江西】28.By16:30,____wasalmostclosingtime,nearlyallthepaintingshadbeensold.A.whichB.whenC.whatD.that\n【2012四川】13.Inourclassthereare46students,_____halfwearglasses.inwhomB.inthemC.ofwhomD.ofthem【2012浙江】9.Weliveinanage______moreinformationisavailablewithgreatereasethaneverbefore.A.whyB.whenC.towhomD.onwhich\n【2012浙江】17.Ellenwasapainterofbirdsandofnature,_____,forsomereason,hadwithdrawnfromallhumansociety.A.whichB.whoC.whereD.whom【2012江苏】22.Aftertheflooding,peopleweresufferinginthatarea,____urgentlyneededcleanwater,medicineandsheltertosurvive.A.whichB.whoC.whereD.what\n1、(2011全国卷I)31.Theprizewillgotothewriter________storyshowsthemostimagination.A.thatB.whichC.whoseD.what2、（2011全国卷II）7.TedcamefortheweekendwearingonlysomeshortsandaT-shirt,____isastupidthingtodoinsuchweather.A.thisB.thatC.whatD.which\n3、（2011北京卷）26.MarywasmuchkindertoJackthanshewastotheothers,_________,ofcourse,makealltheothersupset.A.whoB.whichC.whatD.that4、(2011上海卷)39.You’llfindtaxiswaitingatthebusstation____youcanhiretoreachyourhostfamily.whichB.whereC.whenD.as\n5、（2011山东卷）32.Theoldtownhasnarrowstreetsandsmallhouses_____arebuiltclosetoeachother.theyB.whereC.whatD.that6、（2011江西卷）34.Sheshowedthevisitorsaroundthemuseum,theconstruction_____hadtakenmorethanthreeyears.A.forwhichB.withwhichC.ofwhichD.towhich\n7、（2011江苏卷）24.Betweenthetwopartsoftheconcertisaninterval,_______theaudiencecanbuyice-cream.whenB.whereC.thatD.which8、（2011安徽卷）28.Whateverisleftovermaybeputintotherefrigerator,_____itwillkeepfortwoorthreeweeks.A.whenB.whichC.whereD.while\n9、（2011浙江卷）8.Englishisalanguagesharedbyseveraldiversecultures,eachof____usesitsomewhatdifferently.A.whichB.whatC.themD.those10、（2011浙江卷）10.Abankistheplace______theylendyouanumbrellainfairweatherandaskforitbackwhenitbeginstorain.A.whenB.thatC.whereD.there\n11、（2011福建卷）24.Shehasagiftforcreatinganatmosphereforherstudents____allowsthemtocommunicatefreelywitheachother.A.whichB.whereC.whatD.who12、（2011四川卷）17.Theschoolshop,_____customersaremainlystudents,isclosedfewtheholidays.A.whichB.whoseC.whenD.where\n13、（2011天津卷）10.Thedaysaregone________physicalstrengthwasallyouneededtomakealiving.A.whenB.thatC.whereD.which14、（2011陕西卷）11.Iwalkeduptothetopofthehillwithmyfriend,_____weenjoyedasplendidviewofthelake.A.whichB.whereC.whoD.that\n15、(2011湖南卷)25.JuliewasgoodatGerman,FrenchandRussian,allof_________shespokefluently.A.whoB.whomC.whichD.that\n1.______wasnatural,hemarriedJenny.A.WhichB.ThatC.ThisD.As2.Suchsigns_____weuseintheexperiment______Greekletters.A.as,areB.as,isC.that,areD.that,isExercise\n3.Sheisverygoodatdance,____everybodyknows.A.thatB.whereC.whoD.as4.______hasbeensaidabove,grammarisasetofdeadrules.A.WhichB.WhatC.ThatD.As5.Wedothesamework_____theydo.A.whichB.asC.thanD.like\n4.先行词被thesame/such修饰；引导词可以用as和thatThisisthesamepenasIlost.ThisisthesamepenthatIlost.这支笔和我丢的那支一模一样。这就是我丢的那支钢笔。1).Ihaveboughtthesamedress____sheiswearing.A.asB.thatC.whichD.where√2)We’llreturnonthesameroad____wego,sowecan’tloseit.A.asB.thatC.likeD.such√\nSeeyou!