初中英语复习 3页

初中英语复习-被动语态英语的语态分主动语态和被动语态两种。主动语态的主语是动作的执行者；被动语态的主语是动作的承受者。 eg.Weuseaknifeforcutting(主动句). Aknifeisusedforcutting(被动句)。一、构成：be+过去分词eg.1)Theworkisfinishedbyhim.2)ChineseisspokenbypeopleinChina.二、被动语态的时态1.一般现在时：am/is/are+过去分词eg.EnglishisspokenbyEnglishmen.2.一般过去时：was/were+过去分词eg.ThemachinesweremadeinChina.3.一般将来时:will/shall/begoingtobe+过去分词eg.Asportsmeetingwillbeheldinourschoolnextweek.4.现在完成时：have/hasbeen+过去分词eg.Theworkhasbeendonebythem.5.现在进行时：am/is/arebeing+过去分词。eg.Anewschoolisbeingbuiltinourvillage.6.过去进行时：was/werebeing+过去分词\neg.MyTVsetwasbeingmendedatthattime.综上所述：被动语态的时态只涉及be动词的变化（即：be动词的各种时态）另外注意以下几点：1.含情态动词的被动语态：can/may/must/should+be+过去分词eg.Hemaybesentawayfromschool.2.带动词不定式的被动语态eg.Mybikeneedstobemended.3.在使用被动语态时，如需要指出动作执行者时，应用“by+动作的执行者(宾格)”eg.HewascalledMikebyus4.不及物动词无被动语态（takeplace/happen;last;rise;sink;fall等）eg.Theaccidentwashappenedtwodaysago(改错)_________5.当宾语补足语是省to不定式时，在改作被动语态之后，应将省去的to还原。eg.Thebossmadetheworkerswork12hours.→Theworkersweremadetowork12hours.6.注意短语动词的完整性（即：主动句的谓语动词若由v+prep/adv构成，变被动语态时，不能将这些介词、副词遗漏。eg.Wemusttakecareofthebaby.→Thebabymustbetakencareof.\n