初中英语介词专项 11页

Doyouknowthegirlinred?2.from从中来1)comefrom2)downloadfrom3)bedifferentfrom3.with和，用，与1)withsb和人在一起2)withsth.表示用某种工具4.at在2）表时间，主指时间的一个点。3）begoodat擅长于5.behind在后面6.nextto紧挨着7.infrontof在前面8.for为了因为。。。。9.on在・・・・・・上，在・・・・・・时1）表示时间，表示具体的一天。2）表示地点10.to自，向1）talkto与谈论2）goto去3）welcometo欢迎到4）listento听5）connectto.和…连接一起介词一.概念：介词用來表明名词与句中其他词的关系，介词是虚词，不能独立充当句子成分介词短语能够充当句子成分，介词短语二介词+介词宾语（名词、宾格代词、动名词等充当）介词的作用介词表地点、位置、方向的介词above,around,at,behind,between,by,down,from,in,up,infrontof,into,onto,near,off,out,over,through,under,towards,表时间的介词by,in,on,over,with其他介词like,with,without,from,next,to二、常用1、in在・・・・・・之内1）表示地点，表示大地点。She，sinChinawithhermomanddad.2）表示时间,表示在某一个时间段内Theweatheriscoldinwinte匚3）表示颜色和语言也用介词in。IcanwritethisarticleinEnglish.IcomefromChinaand1，mChinese.IdownloadmusicfromtheInternet.Lily，shabitsaredifferentfromLinda's.I"minClassOnewithDarningandLinglingIwritewithmypen,andIseewithmyeyes.1）表地点，主小地点。MyfatherisateacheratBeijingInternationalSchool.Igetupathalfpastseveninthemorning.Iamgoodatreadingandwriting.Theclassroomsarebehindtheoffices.Thelibraryisnexttotheclassrooms.TheyareinfrontofTonyandDarning.Thankyouforyouremail.WouldyouliketogotoafootballmatchonSunday?onthefarmontheplaygroundWehaveabreakandItalktomyfriends.Helikesfilmsandheoftengoestothecinema.WelcometoBeijingZoo.Theyalwayslistentomusic.\nPleaseconnectthemonitortothecomputerfirst.三、.常用的介词的区别：①in,to,on在方位名词前的区别1.in表示A地在B地范围之内，如1TaiwanisinthesoutheastofChina.2.to表示A地在B地范围Z外(有距离)，女Fl：JapanliestotheeastofChina.3.on表示A地与B地接壤、毗邻，如：NorthKoreaisontheeastofChina.②.at,in,on,by在表示时间上的区别1.at指时间表示:(1)时间的点、时刻等。Theycamehomeatnoon(atsunrise,atmidnight,atteno'clock,atdaybreak).(2)较短暂的一段时间。可指某个节H或被认为是一年中标志大事的H子。HewenthomeatNewYear(atChristmas,attheSpringFestival).2.in指时间表示:(1)在某个较长的时间(如世纪、年、月、季节以及泛指的上午、下午或傍晚等)内。in2004,inMarch,inspring,inthemorning,intheevening(2)在一段时间之后。一般用于将来时，谓语动词为非延续性动词，意为“在……以后”。Hewillarriveintwohours.(3)谓语动词为延续性动词吋，in意为“在……以内”。Theseproductswillbemadeinamonth.3.on指时间集示:(1)具体的时H和一个特定的时间，如某H、节H、星期儿等，OnChristmasDaytherewillbeaparty.(2)在某个特定的早晨、下午或晚上。Hearrivedat8o'clockonthenightofFriday.(3)准时，按时。Ifthetraincanbeontime,Ishouldgethomebeforedark.4.by指时间表示:(1)不迟于，在(某吋)前。如1：Hewillcomebysixo'clock.(2)在间，在的时候。女H：Heworkedbydayandstudiedbynight.(3).near,by,beside,at表示"在附近”时的区别1.near表示相对的近,实际距离可能还很远。SuzhouisnearShanghai.2.by和beside都表示靠近,实际距离不很远,但beside比by更具体地表示出“在……旁边”的意思。Hewassittingbesidehci*.Heiswalkingbytheriver.3.at也有“在旁边”的意思,但多表示有目的的行为所处的位置,而by和beside仅表示位置关系。如:Thestudentsaresittingatthetablelisteningtotheteache匚Severalstudentsaresittingby/besidethedoortalkingaboutamusic.④.at,in和on表示地点时的区别1.at表示地点:(1)用于指较小的地方。arnveat,接小地方Iwillwaitforyouatthestation.(2)用于门牌号码前。Helivesat11ZhongshanRoad.\n1.in表示地点：arrivein接较大地方HelivesinShanghai.3.on表示地点，一般指与而或线接触，意为“在……上；在……旁”。Thepicturewashangingonthewall.\n⑤.besides,except,but表示“除外"之间的区别1.besides表示“除了……以外，还有……",具有附加性质。如:Besidesxiaoming,wealsowenttoseethefilm.注意：besides用于否定句屮时，与except,but同义，可互换。女H：Wehavenootherbooksbesides/exceptthese.2.except表示“……除外”，具有排它性质。如:Weallwenttoseethefilmexceptxiaoming.(王先牛没去)3・but意为“除了”,与exceptexwpt强曲被排除的部分,but则强调整句的内容,常修饰否定意义的代词。Nobodyknewitbutme.(§).above,over,on,up表示"在上”之间的区别1.above指“上方”，表示相对高度，不一定在正上方，其反义词为below。We'reflyingabovetheclouds.2.over指“在……正上方”，表示垂直上方，其反义词为under。Thebridgeisovertherivei;3.on表示“在上面”，与物体表面接触，与beneath相对。Thereisamaponthewall.4.up表示动作的方向往上，反义词为down。女Fl：Pleasestandup⑦with,from,for,at表示原因的区别1.with表示原因，指由于外界而影响到内部,2.from表示动机、疲劳、痛苦等原因。3.foi•常表示为了某一目的、事业的原因。4・at表示原因，指“听到；看到；想到”等。意为“因为；由于”。Thelittlegirlwasshiveringwithcold.Shediditfromasenseofduty.Idoapologizeforkeepingyouwaiting.Atthenewstheyfeltveryglad・⑧.for和of的用法区别试比较：It*simpossibleformetowatchTVaftereleveno'clock.It'skindofyoutohelpme.两句中介词的选择依据其前形容词而定，一般来说,of之前的形容词往往是用于描写人的品质的好坏，人自身的特点，如聪明与否，细心与粗心等；foi•之前的形容词用于描写事物的特点，如可能性，必然性，难易程度等。⑨.by,with,in的用法区别by表示”以…的方式，方法，手段”和”乘某种交通工具”；with指”借助于具体的手段或工具”；in表示”以……方式，用语言，文字等媒介”。Isolvedtheproblembythisway.Icuttheapplewithaknife.HespeakswithusinEnglish.⑩after和in的用法区别这两个介词都可以表示时间“在以后”的意思。其区别是：after以过去为起点，表示过去一段时间之后，常用于过去时态的句子；in以现在为起点，表示将来一段时间以后，常用于将来时态的句子。Iwenthomeafter10o'clockyesterday.Thetrainwillarriveintenminutes・\n小试牛刀:一：用by，beside,near,beyond填空1.2.3.4.Thelittlegirlissittinghermother.Thereisawhitecarourschool.Manyshopsareourhome.ourcitythereisariver.I・Thepostofficeisthepolicestationandthelibrary.A.betweenB.amongC・in2.1carftfinishmyworkyourhelp.A.withB.withoutC.in1.Thankyoumetohavedinne匚A.forinviteB・ofinviteC.forinviting2.Whyareyoustanding,Alice?■Icarftseetheblackboardclearly.Twotallboysaresittingme.A.behindB.nexttoC.infrontof3.Ifyoudothings,usuallyyoucan^tdothemwell・A.inahurryB.fromnowonC.justnow4.Whataniceday!WeshouldgosightseeingwatchingTVinthehotel.A・becauseofB.insteadofC・togetherwith5.Yourcoatlooksverynice・What'sitmade?-Cotton,anditismadeWuhan.A.from,inB.of,inC・from,on&-Whenandwhereyoubom?-IwasbornOctober1st,1998Suzhou.A.on,onB・in,inC・on,in9.Therewillbemanyrobotspeopledhomestenyears.A.in,/B.in,inC.in,after10.AlltheworkerswenthomeyesterdayMrWhile.Why?-Becausehewasonduty.A.exceptB.besidesC・exceptforII•It'sverykindthemtopickmeupattherailwaystationanddrivemehome.A.forB.toC.of12.AUFOlandedtheCenterStreet.A.atB.onC.in13.theSpringFestival,theheavysnowstoppedmanypeoplefrombackhome.A.During,goingB.In,goC・On,goes24.Thinkitoveryouwritetheanswer.A.beforeB.afterC.on答案：一:l.by,2.beside,3.near,4.beyond二l.A2.B3.C4.C5A6.B7B8C9C10A11C12B13.A14.A\n勤加磨练:1•Theteacherisnotonlystricthispupilsbutalsostricthisownwork.A.with,withB.in.inC.in,withD.with,in2.Myfatherbegantoworkabusdriverwhenhewastwentyyearsold.A.forB.toC.atD.as3.1don'tthinkXiaoLiistheotherstudentsmathematics.A.after,onB・after,withC.behind,inD.behind,at1.Nobodyknowsitme.A.exceptforB.exceptthatC.besidesD.but2.Thewindowisneveropenedinsummer.A.butB.exceptC.exceptforD・butfor3.Wegotoschoolabike.A.inB.onC.byD.ove4.Ifsverykindyoutorepairthebikeme.A.for.forB.of,ofC.of,forD.for,of8-Freshairisgoodyourhealth.A.atB.forC.ofD.to9.Theboyiswaitinghissisterandtheywillgotothehospitaltowaittheirsickmothe匚A.for.onB.on,forC.for,forD.on.on10.ThePLAmansavedtheboydeath.A.ofB.fromC.toD.on1LHewillcomethreedays.A.beforeB.afterC・inD.later12HewenttoBeijingandreturnedthreedays.A.inB.beforeC.laterD.after13.Hewillreturnthreeo'clock.A.afterB.inC.onD.at14Hewrotethearticlethreedays.A.atB.inC.onD.by15Iagreewhatyousaid.A.toB.onC.withD.at16-Doyouagreethisplan(arrangement)?A.atB.withC.onD.to17.Finallytheyagreedthetermsofthecontract.A.onB.toC.withD.at16Doyouoftenhearyourbrother?A.ofB.fromC.outofD.about19」heardthebooklongago,butIhaveneverreadit.A.outB.fromC.ofD.with20.Theplaneflewthecity.A.acrossB.pastC.throughD.over21.WewalkedtheTianAnMenSquaretotheMuseumofChineseHistory.A.acrossB.throughC.byD.past22.1waswanderingthestreetswhenIcaughtsightofatailorfsshop・A.acrossB.throughC.byD.past\n23.OurbusdrovetheGreatHallofthePeople.A.acrossB.throughC.pastD.over24.thesun,nothingwouldgrow.・ForB.WithC.UnderD.Without25.Theteacherisbusyteaching.A.withB.forC.onD.of26.Theteacherisbusycorrectingpapers.A.forB.inC.onD.of27.WeleftXi'anaveryhotsummerafternoon.A.onB.inC.duringD.by2&Histeacherwasangryhimhisbeinglate.A.at,withB.at,forC.with,forD.with,about29.Myfatherwasdisappointedthenews.A.byB.aboutC.atD.o30.MrWangwenttoNanjingOctoberJ998andcamebackhomethemorningofNov.5.A.at;inB.on;atC.in;onD.by;from31.Myunclelives105HuangheStreet.Hisroomisthefifthfloor;A.at;onB.td;atC.on;inD.of;to32.1don!tthinkyoucanworkoutthemathsproblemtheteachefshelp.A.sinceB.unlessC.becauseD.without33.-Doyougotherebus?-No,wegothereatrain.A.in;onB.on;onC-by;inD.by;with34.ThetreesfrontofthehousearethechargeofOldLi.A.in;inB.at;inC.in;byD.from;in35.Theoldmandiedcoldacoldnight.A.from;atB.of;inC.of;onD.for;during36.DoesJohnknowanyotherforeignlanguagesFrench?A.exceptB.butC.besidesD.beside37.-Howlonghasthebookshopbeeninbusiness?-1982.A.AfterB.inC.FromD.Since38.Didyouhaveanytroublethepostoffice?A.tohavefoundB.withfindingC.tofindD.infinding39.Totellyouthetruth,Ihavenothingtodoit.A.aboutB.withC.forD.of40.TaiwanistheeastofFujian.A.inB.atC.toD.on41HisfatherwillbebackfromLondonafewdays.A.sinceB.inC.onD.after42.Theword"write”hasthesamepronunciationthewordtight".A.ofB.asC.toD.from43.Thetrainleaves6:00p.m.SoIhavetobeatthestation5:40p.m.atthelatest.A.at;untilB.for;afterC.at;byD.before;around44.WewillbeinNanjingTuesdayThursday.A.on/throughB.on/toC.from/toD.on./till45.Therearemanybeautifulbirdsthetree.A.onB.atC.inD.besides\n1-5DDCDB〜〜6・10BCBAB〜〜11-15CDABC〜〜16-20DABCD〜〜21-25ABCDA—26-30BADCC31-35ADCCA36-40CCDDD41-45BCBBCD(应到43答案有误)初中英语常用介词短语1)atonce2)atlast3)atfirst4)attheageof•••5)attheendof•••6)atthebeginningof•••7)atthefootof•••8)atthesametime9)atnight/noon立刻最后27)littlebylittle逐渐地起在在在社先时末初下首岁•±•±脚同时在夜里/中午10)withone'shelp在某人的帮助下，由于某人的帮助1l)withthehelpof…在的帮助卜12)withasmile而带笑容13)withone'sowneyes亲眼看见14)afterawhile过了一会儿15)fromnowon从现在起16)fromthenon从那时起17)farexample例如18)farawayfrom远离19)frommorningtillnight从早到晚20)byandby不久2l)byairmail寄航空邮件22)bybike/air/train/bus骑自行车/乘飞机/火车/汽车23)byordinarymail24)bytheway25)bythewindow26)bytheendof…寄平信顺便说在窗边到……底为止介词和各类词搭配构成的介词短语1)•介词与动词搭配arrivein/at到达askfor要，请求28)inall29)infact30)inone'stwenties31)inahurry32)inthemiddleof33)innotime(inaminute)34)intime(ontime)35)inpublic36)inorderto37)infrontof38)inthesun39)intheend40)insurprise41)inturn42)ofcourse43)abit(of)44)alotof45)alittle总共事实t在某人二十几岁时匆忙在……中间立刻，很快及时公众，公开地为了……在前面在阳光下最后，终于惊奇地依次当然有一点儿许多一点儿46)onone'swayto某人在去的路上47)onfoot步彳亍，走路48)atalkonspace一个关于太空的报告49)ontheotherhand另一方面50)at/ontheweekend在周末51)ontheleft(right)在左(右)边52)ontheothersideof在另一边53)ontheradio通过收音机(无线电广播)54)toone'sjoy55)toone'ssurprise使……高兴的是使……惊讶的是dowellingiveingoon在……方面做得好投降继续\nlistento听hearfrom收到……来信lookafter照顾，照看hearof听说lookfor寻找helprsB.withsth.帮助……做looklike看上去像laughat嘲笑getto到达learnfrom向……学习fillwith充满，装满talkto与谈话beginwith以……开始meetwith偶尔遇见，遭遇takedown拿下，取了passon传递lookat（有意识地）看belongto属于speakto对某人writeto写信给……takeaway拿走，带走callon号召，访问，邀请thinkof考虑，关心smileat向……微笑waitfor等候，等待lookout向四下看，到处看turnon/off打开（关上2）•介词与名词搭配intime及吋atwork在工作inlife一生屮atschool在学校ontime准时，按时infrontof在刖面atthebackof在后面onfoot步行atthebeginningof在……开始bybus乘公共汽车attheendof在……结尾athome在家atthesametime同时，然而inEnglish用英语bytrain乘火车inthemiddle在中间daybydayH复一Hatnight在晚上onebyone一个接一个atnoon在中午inaword总而言之，一句话withasmile带着微笑infact事实上ofcourse当然（可以）inthestreet在街上inahurry匆忙，急忙intheend最后，终于inaminute一会innotime立刻，很快bytheway顺便说说/问问inorder按顺序，整齐，正常atfirst首先，起初inorderto为了，以便atlast最后，终于intheday在白天atthemeeting在会上inline成一直线onone'swayto在……的路上inashortwhile不久inthesun在阳光下inall总共，总计inatree在树上intown在城里insurprise惊奇地ontheleft/right在左/右边atonce立刻，马上ontheonehandontheotherhand一方面另atthefootof在……脚下一方面atall压根儿ontopof在……顶上atdinner在吃正餐inpublic当众，公开地atthetable在桌子旁outofwork失业\n3)介词与形容词、过去分词和动词等搭配bemadeof由制成beangryatsth.为某事牛气betiredof讨厌/厌倦•beangrywithsb..对某人生气keepoutof不让进入beinterestedin对感兴趣befullof充满……sayhelloto向问好breakinto闯入bebusywith忙于catchupwith品艮上，赶上gotoschool上学bekindtosb.对某人友好(1)attable在进餐(2)atdesk在读书或做作业(3)atschool在校上学(指学牛)beproudof以为自豪/骄傲besureof确信takepartin参力口takecareof照顾,关心，保管bestrictwith对严格要求havenothingtodowith与无关gotobed/sleep睡觉beusedto习惯于4•看似相同，但意义有别的词组:1)•介词词组atthetable在桌子旁(=besidethedesk)atthedesk在书桌旁attheschool在学校(指教职工)(4)infrontofthebus在公共汽车的前面(不在车上)inthefrontofthebus在公共汽车的前部(在车上)(5)atsea在航海中⑹byday白天(7)inclass在上课,在课内(8)inred穿着红色的衣服(9)inhospital住院(指病人)(10)inoffice在办公，执政(11)inplaceof代替，而不是(12)incaseof万一，如果(13)ofage成年人(14)outofoffice离职atthesea在海边bytheday按日，论日intheclass在这个班inthered负债，亏损inthehospital(因事)在医院intheoffice在办公室intheplaceof在土也方inthecaseof就来说，至于ofanage同龄人outoftheoffice离开办公室(3)gotoschool去上学(4)gotocollege上大学(5)gotohospital去住院(6)gotosea当海员(7)gotocourt起诉(8)gotochurch做礼拜⑼keephouse管理家务(10)takeplace发生2)含有介词的动词词组(1)comeoutofhospital(病好出院comeoutofthehospital(因事)从医院里出来⑵comeoutofprison(刑满)释放comeoutoftheprison(因事)从监狱里出來gototheschool(因事)去学校gotothe/acollege去一所学校(办事)gotothehospital(因事)去医院gotothesea去海边gotothecourt(因事)去法庭go\ntothechurch(因事)去教堂keepthehouse守在家里taketheplace代替