初中英语（家教资料） 13页

初中英语（家教资料）LI常交际用语简表(DailyExpressionsinCommunication)1•问候Greetingsa.Goodmorning/afternoon/evening・Hcllo/Hi.Howareyou?b.Fine,thankyou.Andyou?Verywell，thankyou.2.介绍Introductionsa.ThisisMr/Miss/Mrs....b.Howdoyoudo?Nice/Gladtosee/meetyou.c.Mynameis・.・I，mastudent/workeretc・(here)・3.告别Farewellsa.Ithinkit，stimeforustoleavenow.b.Goodbye!(Bye・bye!Bye!)Seeyoulater/tomorrow・(Seeyou.)Goodnight.\n4•打电话Makingtelephonecallsa.Hello!MayIspeakto...?b.Holdon,please.He/Sheisn'thererightnow・Canltakeamessageforyou?c.I，mcallingtotell/askyou・・・.d.Goodbye.5•感谢和应答Thanksandresponsesa.Thankyou(verymuch)・Thanksalot・Manythanks.Thanksfor....b.Notatall.That'sallright.You'rcwclcomc.6•祝愿、祝贺和应答Wishes5congratulationsandresponsesa.Goodluck!Bestwishestoyou.Haveanice/goodtime.Congratulations!b.Thankyou.\na.HappyNewYear!McrryChristmas!Happybirthdaytoyou.b.Thcsamctoyou.7•慈愿IntentionsI'mgoingto….Iwill....I'dliketo....Iwant/hopcto•…8•道歉和应答Apologicsandresponsesa・I，msorry・(Sorry.)I'msorryfor/about....Excuseme.b.That'sallright.ltdoesn'tmatter.That'snothing・9•遗憾和同情RegretsandsympathyWhatapity!Imsorrytohear....10•邀请和应答Invitationsandresponsesa.Willyoucometo.…?Wouldyouliketo...?\na.Yes,I'dlovetoYes,itJsverykind/niceofyou.b.I'dloveto.but・・・•11.提供(帮助等)和应答Offersandresponsesa.Canlhelpyou?Whatcanldoforyou?Hcrc,takcthis/my•…Letme..・foryou.Wouldyoulikesome...?b・Thanks.Thatwouldbenice/fine.Thankyouforyourhelp.Yes,please.b.No,thanks/thankyou.That，sverykindofyou.but....12.请求允许和应答Askingforpermissionandresponsesa.Mayl...?Can/Couldl...?b.Yes/Certainly.Yes^doplease・Ofcourse(youmay)・That*sOK/allright.c.I，msorry.but....\nYou'dbetternot・13•表示同意和不同意Expressingagreementanddisagreementa.Certainly/Sure/Ofcourse・Yes,please・Yes.Ithinkso.That'struc.AIlright/OK.That'sagoodidea・Iagrcc(withyou)・b.No，Idon'tthinkso・I'mafraidnot・IreallycanJtagreewithyou.14・表示肯定和不肯定Expressingcertaintyanduncertaintya.「msure.I'msure(that)....b.I，mnotsurc・I'mnotsurewhether/if..・•c.Maybe/Perhaps・24.喜好和厌恶Likesanddislikesa.Hike/love.,•(verymuch)•Ilike/loveto....b」don，tlike(to)•…\nIhate(to)....16•谈论天气Talkingabouttheweathera.What'stheweatherliketoday?How，stheweatherin…？b.It'sfine/cloudy/windy/rainy5etc.It'srathcrwarm/cold/hot/ctc・today,isn'tit?17.购物Shoppinga.Whatcanldoforyou?May/Canlhelpyou?b.Iwant/I'dlike....Howmuchisit?That'stoomuch/expensiveJ，mafraid・That'sfine.rlltakeit.Lctmchavc・・•kilo/box,ctc・c.Howmany/muchdoyouwant?Whatcolour/size/kind/doyouwant?d.Doyouhavcanyothcrkind/sizc/colour,cct・?18•问路和应答Askingthewayandresponsesa.Excuseme.Where，sthemen's/ladies'room?Excuseme.canyoutellmethewayto…？Howcanlgctto..・?Idon'tknowthcway・\nb・Godownthisstreet・Turnright/leftatthefirst/secondcrossing・It，sabout.•・metresfromhere.19•问时间或日期和应答Askingthetimeordateandresponsesa.Whatdayis(it)today?What'sthedatetoday?Whattimeisit?What'sthetime,please?b.It'sMonday/Tuesday,etc・It'sJanuary1Oth.It'sfiveoJclock/halfpastfive/aquartertofive/fivethirty,etc・It'stimcfor....20•请求Requestsa.Can/Couldyou...forme?Wi11/Wouldyouplcasc...?Maylhave...?b.Pleasegive/passme・・・•Plcascwait(hcrc/amomcnt).Pleasewait(for)yourturn.Pieasestandinline/lineup.Pleasehurry・\n21•劝告和建议Adviccandsuggcstionsa.You'dbetter....Youshould・・・・Younccd(to)....b.Shallwe...?Let，s•…What/Howabout...?22•禁止和警告Prohibitionandwarningsa.Youcan't/mustn't•…Ifyouyou'11....b.Takccarc!Becareful!23•表示感1WExpressingeertainemotionsa.喜悦Pleasure,joyI'mg1ad/pleased/happyto..・・That，snice.That'swonderful/great・b.焦虑AnxietyWhat，swrong?What'sthematter(withyou)?I'm/He's/She'sworried.Oh,whatshallI/wedo?\na.惊奇SurpriseReally?Oh,dear!Isthatso?15•就餐Takingmealsa.Whatwouldyouliketohave?Wouldyoulikcsomcthingtocat/drink?b.rdlike....Wouldyoulikesomemore・・.？Hclpyoursclftosomc....c.Thankyou.1'vehadenough./Justalittle,please.25•约会Makingappointmentsa.Areyoufreethisafternoon/evening?Howabou11omorrowmorning/afternoon/eveiling?Shallwemeetat4:30at...?b.Yes,that'sailright・YesJJllbefreethen.c.No,Iwon'tbefreethen.Butl'llbefree....d.Allright.Seeyouthen.26•传递信息Passingonamessagea.Willyoupleasegivethisnote/messageto•…?b・...askedmetogiveyouthisnote・\na.Thanksforthemessage・27.看病Sccingthcdoctora.Theressomethingwrongwith....I'vegotacough・Ifccltcrriblc(bad).\nIdon'tfeelwell.I'vegotapainhere.Thisplacehurts.b.Takethismedicinethreetimesaday・It'snothingserious・You'llbeallright/wellsoon.27.求助Callingforhelpa.Help!b.What*sthcmattcr?28.处理交际中的障碍LanguagedifficultiesPardon.Pleasesaythatagain/morcslowly.Whatdoyoumeanby…？I'msorrylcan，tfollowyou.I'msorryIknowonlyalittleEnglish・30•常见的标志和说明SomecommonsignsandinstructionsBUSINESSHOURSFRAGILEOFFICEHOURSTHISSIDEUPOPENMENUCLOSEDNOSMOKINGPULLNOPARKINGPUSHNOPHOTOS\nONDANGER!OFFPLAYENTRANCESTOPEXITPAUSEINSTRUCTIONS初中英语构词法基本知识讲解1,合成法合成法至今保持着旺盛的生命力，在现代英语中不少新词都是借助原有的词合成的。1）名词+名词-名词basket（篮子）+balI（球）—>basketball篮球book（书）+shop（商店）—>bookshop书店housc（房子）+work（劳动）—>housework家务劳动2）形容词+名词t名词black（黑色的）+board（木板）-^blackboard黑板English（英国的）+man（人）一^Englishman英国人loud（大声的）+speaker（说话者）—>loudspeaker扬声器3）介词+名词—名词（或形容词）after（在后）+noon（正午）—>afternoon下午under（在下［ft|）+ground（地面）—>underground地卜的4）名词+过去分词t形容词man（人）+madc（做）—>man-made人造的\n5）名词（形容词）+名词+ed->形容词glass（玻璃）+topped（顶部的）-^glass-topped玻璃罩着的kind（善良的）+hearted（心）—>kind-hearted好心的6）副词+名词一介词in（里而）+sidc（边）—>insidc在内down（在下）+stairs（楼梯）—>downstairs在楼下2、派生法派生法是通过在词根上加后缀或前缀构成新词。它不仅扩充了英语词汇，而且丰富了语言的表现力。后缀（后缀多数改变词性而不改变词义）：1）动词或形容词+er/or-名词writev.写—>writern.作者travelv.旅行—>travellern.旅客foreignadj.外国的—>forcigncrn.外国人inventv.发明—>inventorn.发明家visitv.参观tvistorn.参观者2）动词+（t）ion—>名词inventv.发明-^inventionn.发明operatev.做手术-^operationn.手术3）动词+ing/ed—>名词或形容词buildv.建筑—buildingn.建筑物interestv.使感兴人间没有永恒的夜晚，世界没有永恒的冬天。