初中英语介词小结 7页

介词小结一.表示时间的介词1.in，on，at1)in表示“在某月(季节、年等)”如：in1996,inJanuary,insummer　固定词组：inthemorning,inaweek,inaminute,intime,intheendin表示几天以后Hewillcomebackintwodays.2)on用于指具体的某一天或专指某一天上午、下午等。如：onChristmasDay,onthenightofFebruary16onMonday3)at用于具体时刻前，如：atseven　固定词组：atthemoment,atnight,atlast,atfirst,atnoon,atonce,atthistimeoftheyear,atthebeginningof,attheendofthismonth,atthesametime.2.in,afterin+时间段在……之后（内），多用于将来时after+时间段在……之后，多用于过去时①Mr.BrownhasgonetoCanada.Hewillbeback___twoweeks.A.forB.afterC.in②Ourmanagercameback___anhour.A.inB.afterC.at3.by,untilby+时间点，表示“到…以前为止”,"不迟于…”until①用于肯定句中表示“直到……为止”②用于否定句中表示“直到……才”E.g.Youhavetofinishyourhomeworkby11o’clock.IwatchedTVuntilmymothercamehome.我一直看电视直到我妈妈回来为止。IdidnotwatchTVuntilmymothercamehome.我直到妈妈回来我才开始看电视。二.表示地点、方位介词1.on在……的上面,与表面接触over在……的正上方,不接触表面under在……下面(是on,over的反义词)E.g.Thereisalamponthedesk.在桌子上有一盏台灯。Thereisabridgeovertheriver.河上有一座桥。Hestoodunderatree.他站在一棵树下。2.above在……上方,不一定在某物的正上方，below在……下方,不一定在某物的正下方，其反义词是above；E.g.Therearemanyflowersbelowthewindow.窗下有很多花。TheWhitesliveaboveus.王先生一家住在我们家上面。3.in+大地方(把地点当作一个范围或一个封闭的空间)at+小地方（门牌号）,(把地点、位置当作一个“点”)on+某层楼E.g.Thesepensareinabox.\nI’minFrance,atParis.我住在法国巴黎。(相对法国来讲，巴黎只是一个“点”)Myauntlivesat55BoretzRoadinSydney.我的姑妈住在Sydney,Boretz路55号。固定用法：1.Thebeggarissittingatthecorner.　那乞丐坐在角落里。2.Janeiswaitingforyouatthebusstop.　3.athome/atwork./atschool4.atthecrossroads在十字路口5.Thereisasmallhutatthefootofthehill.　山脚下有一座小屋子。6.inthenewspaper在报上inthesky　在空中4.in:某一地区范围之内to:某一地区范围之外on:与某地相邻、接壤E.g.FujianisinthesoutheastofChina.TaiwanistothesoutheastofChina.RussiaisonthenorthofChina.5.beside,nearbeside表示“近旁”、“紧靠”，相当于nextto。如：Comeandsitbesideme.来坐在我的身旁。near意为“在…附近”，可以表示空间、时间关系等。如：Hesitsnearthewindow.他坐在窗户附近。6.infrontof,inthefrontof,behindinfrontof表示“在…之前”。表示在某一空间外部的前面，inthefrontof表示在某一空间内部的前面。如：Therearesometreesinfrontoftheclassroom.教室前有一些树。·Don’tsitinthefrontofthecar.不要坐在小汽车的前部。behind“在---后面”　如：Theboyishidingbehindthetree.7.to向某处移动for动身去某地1）Willyoutakeatrain___Tianjin.A.toB.forC.at2）I’mleaving____Beijingnextweek.A.toB.forC.towards8.across,throughacross表示动作是在某一物体的表面进行的；through则表示动作是在某一空间进行的；e.g.We’llswimacrosstheriver.我们打算游到河对岸。Don’trunacrossthestreet不要横穿马路。Theywalkthroughtheparktoschooleveryday.他们每天穿过公园去上学。三.表方式、方法、手段的介词1.in用材料、语言,with用工具、某物,by用方式、方法、手段,on表示通过媒介如：byplane/bytrain,onfootonatrain/plane/bicycle,inacar　ontheleft/ontheright　onthewaytoonthebed/inbed,inEnglish，onthetelephone/theradio,onTV，withapen,withone’shands,inink,表示穿着inbrownshoes\n2.with①与…一起②带着，有…的③用工具④在…身上E.g.Sheliveswithherson.Thegirlwithlonghairismyclassmate.MyAmericanfriendsarelearningtoeatwithchopsticks.Ihavenomoneywithme.without:没有，缺少E.g.Don’tgooutwithoutacoat;you’llcatchacold.四.其它介词1.between在两者之间，常用“between…and…”among在……当中（三者或以上）during在……期间1).Somesupermarketsopen__8:30and8:00p.m.__theMid-AutumnDay.A.at,duringB.between,duringC.between,in2).Theylived____themountainsinthepast.A.amongB.betweenC.during3).Don’tsit____thetwogirls.A.amongB.betweenC.during2.except除……之外，不包括besides除……之外，还包括E.g.1).Everyonepassedtheexam______Tom.A.besidesB.exceptC.for2)._____Mr.Green,fiveteacherswenttothemeeting.A.BesidesB.ExceptC.Beside3.for1).表示当作、作为。如:Ilikesomebreadandmilkforbreakfast.我喜欢把面包和牛奶作为早餐。2).表示理由或目标。如:ThankyouforhelpingmewithmyEnglish.谢谢你帮我学习英语。Icamehereformyschoolbag.3).表示动作的对象或接受者，意为“给……”、“对……(而言)”。如：It'simportantforustolearnEnglishwell.Thegiftisforyou.4).表示时间、距离。如：ShehasbeenanEnglishteacherforsevenyears.Hewalkedfortenmiles.五.常见的介词搭配1)It’sveryniceofyoutohelpme.2)It’sverygoodforyoutodoexercise.3)theanswer(key)tothequestion(lock)4)befamousfor5)beafraidof（怕）6)bedifferentfrom（与…不同）7)begoodat（善于）\n8)beinterestedin（对…感兴趣）9)belatefor（迟到）10)be/getreadyfor（为作好准备）11)takecareof=lookafter(照顾)12)dreamof梦想13)hearfrom收到…的信(E.g.HaveyouheardfromAnnrecently?)14)lookat15)lookfor16)lookout(当心)17)looklike(看起来像)　　18)thinkabout(思索、考虑)19)worryabout（为…感到担忧）介词练习()1Childrengetgifts____Christmasand____theirbirthdays.A.on;onB.at;onC.in;inD.in;on()2Alotofstudentsinourschoolwereborn____March,1981.A.inB.atC.onD.since()3Hesuddenlyreturned____arainynight.A.onB.atC.inD.during()4Mygrandfatherwasborn____Oct.10,1935.A.onB.inC.atD.of()5Thetrainisstarting___fiveminutes.A.inB.atC.forD.still()6Mikedoeshisexercises____seven_____theevening.A.on;toB.at;inC.by;ofD.at;on()7Wereturnedtoourhometown___.A.nextweekB.inthelastweekC.lastweekD.foraweek()8Childrenwakeupveryearly____themorning.A.inB.onC.\D.at()9____acoldwintermorning,Imetherinthestreet.A.InB.OnC.AtD.For()10Whydidyougetupsoearly___thismorning.A.onB./C.atD.in()11Lucywasborn____thenightofMay12,1984.....A.onB.inC.atD.to()12MrsBrowncametoChina____1996.A.onB.ofC.to,D.in()13Annmoved___Hangzhou___September,1992.A./;inB.to;inC.to;onD,in;in()14Theystartedoff___anautumnafternoon.A.duringB.atC.inD.on)15Heoftengoes____school____sixthirty____themorning.\nA.for;to;inB.to;atinC.to;for;atD,for;at;to()16Hearrived___Shanghai___9:30___March5.A.at;in;atB.to;on;atC.in;on;atD.in;at;on（）17Thedoctorworked___fivehours___arest.A.for;withB.on;withoutC.about;havingD.for;without()18Iworkedontheproblem____alongtimeandIworkeditout____myself____last.A.for;by;atB.in;with;onC.on;by;inD.for;for;atthe()19Anewfactorywillbesetup___ayear.A.forB.inC.afterD.on()20Twoyears___hebegantowriteanotherstory-book.A.afterB.later;C.inD.late()21Wewillfinishthepicture___aday.A.inB.onC.afterD.on()22MrBrownwas____theground____fourhoursbeforetheyfinallyfoundhim.A.on;forB.at;inC.on;afterD.in;during()23TheAmericanCivilWarlastedfouryearsbeforetheNorthwon____theend.A.byB.atC.inD.on()24Theplaneisflying_____.A.intheskyB.intheairC.inspaceD.insky()25Lucysits____thethirdrow,____Jim'sleft.A.on;onB.in;atC.at;inD.in;on()26.-CanIlookupaword____yourdictionary?-Ihaven'tgot____me.A.into;aboutB.in;withC.at;inD.on;on()271likemooncakes____meat____them.A.in;onB.with;onC.in;theD.with;in28Whenyouare___troublepleaseaskhelp___us.A.in;fromB.in;forC.on;fromD.on;of()29Isawhim___hurryatthemoment.A.inaB.inC.onD.ona()30Heputupamap___thebackwallbecausetherewasahole___it.A.on;onB.at;inC.on;inD.on;at31Thereisadoor___thewall.A.onB.toC.ofD.in()32ThiskindofVCDismade____China..A.inB.fromC.atD.on()33Anyman___eyes______hisheadcanseethatrope.A.with;onB.with;inC.on;withD.in;with()34Therearesomebirdssinging___thetrees.A.inB.onC.atD.from()35Don'tread____thesun.It'sbad___youreyes.\nA.in;toB.under;forC.with;toD.in;on()36Thewoman____abluedressismyteacher..A.inB.onC.ofD.at()37Therearesomanyapples___thattree.A.inB,onC.atD.from()38Theboatispassing___thebridge.A.throughB.onC.underD.across()39Twoplanesareflying___thecity.A.throughB.over,C.on,D,below()40Doyouseethekite___thebuilding.A.overB.crossC.onD.in()41Themanstood____thewindow,watchingtheboysplayingoutside.A.inB.byC.withD.to()42Isthestreettoonarrowforthebustogo___?A.throughB.acrossC.onD.in()43Ittookusoveranhourtowalk____thisstreet.A.fromB.throughC.overD.across()44UncleWangarrived____No.14MiddleSchoolhalfanhourago.A.atB.inC.toD./()45Didyourfriendsendyousomething___theendoflastweek?A.atB.byC.inD.to()46Myunclelives____88BeijingStreet.A.toB.ofC.atD.on()47Theyarewaiting___abus___thebusstop.A.for;inB.on;atC.with;atD.for;at()48Isthereanydifference____thesetwosentences?A.forB.inC.amongD.between()49Thereisthedifference___ChinesefoodandAmericanfood.A.fromB.atC.betweenD.by()50Heis____thegreatestscientistsintheworld.A.amongB.betweenC.inD.of()51Thereisabook-store___ourhouse.A.atB.throughC.acrossD.near()52Thechildrenareinterested___thissubject.A.toB.withC.inD.at()53Theletterwaswritten___ink.A.withB.inC.byD.at()54___themoney,sheboughtanewcoat___herfather.A.With;forB.With;toC.For;withD.To;with()55WeiHuagetsonwell___herclassmates.A.withB.inC.toD.at()56Thereissomethingwrong___mybike.A.atB.inC.onD.with()57WeusuallycovertheChristmastrees____colourlights.\nA.inB.useC.forD.with()58Thisisamap___China.A.inB.atC.ofD.on()59Agroup___boysandgirlsaredancinginthepark.A.withB.ofC.forD.to()60Theyaregettingready____fly____EnglandA.for;to;B.to;to;C.for;for;D.to;for()61Whatdidyouhave___breakfast?A.atB.asC.forD.about()62Tomisalwayslate____school.A.at.B.insideC.toD.for()63.It'stime__gotoschool.A.forBatC.inD.to