人教版-高中英语必修一-课件-定语从句(grammar ) 19页

Grammar\nItwasinApril15th,1912when“Titanic”sankafterhittinganiceberg.\nBeijingisthecitywhereitwillhostthe2008OlympicGames.\nThegirlwhoselegwasbrokenintheearthquakewastakentohospital.Thegirl,whowaslying,wastakentohospital.\nThereasonwhytheoldmanisshoutingisthehouseisonfire.Theman,whosehouseisonfireisshouting.\nDefinition定语从句：是在复合句中充当定语作用的主谓结构，又称形容词从句，通常修饰它前面的名词或代词，即它的先行词（Antecedent）。定语从句有限制性和非限制性两种，引导词有关系代词和关系副词两种。\n一、限制性定语从句（RestrictiveAttributiveClause）当定语从句与被修饰词关系密切时，则用限制性定语从句。引导定语从句的关系代词1)who指人，作从句的主语或宾语。Thisistheprofessorwhoteachesuschemistry.Theboyswhoareplayingfootballontheplaygroundaremyclassmates.whom指人，只作从句的宾语。Theman(whom)youmetinthestreetyesterdayisourEnglishteacher.Thisisthegirl(whom)youhavebeenlookingfor.3)whose指人或物，在从句中作定语。Thegirlwhosefatherisourhistoryteacherisagoodsinger.\nThehousewhosewindowsfacesouthisverybeautiful.4)which指物，作从句的主语或宾语。Thisisthedictionary(which)Iboughtyesterday.5)that指人或物，作从句的主语或宾语，相当于which或who，whom。Themanthat/whoistalkingtoherisafriendofhers.Idon’tliketheplay(that/which)wewatchedonTVlastnight.2.引导定语从句的关系副词1）when作从句的时间状语。DoyouremembertheweekwhenwewereinShanghai?Iwon’tforgetthedaywhenIjoinedtheLeague.where作从句的地点状语。Thisisthefactorywhereweworked3yearsago.ThisistheplacewhereMarxwasborn.why作从句的原因状语。Thisisthereasonwhy(=forwhich)shedecidedtogobacktoChina.\nThemanlivesnextdoorisawriter.ThewomanIvisitedlastweekisafamouswriter.Beijingisthecityhasgotthechancetohostthe2008OlympicGames.Adictionaryisabookyoucanusetolearnmorewords.Thelittleboyeyesareblueisholdingadog.Heissuchamannevertellsalie.Heisthemodelworkerweshouldlearnfrom.Adictionaryisabookoftenhelpsustoknowthemeaningsofthewords.ThisisthefilmIlikebest.10.Theboyfatherisaprofessorisoneofmybestfriends.11.Thehouseroofwasblownawaybythestormwillberebuiltsoon.who/thatwho/whom/thatwhich/thatwhich/thatwhosewhowhom/whowhichwhichwhosewhose\n二、非限制性定语从句（Non-RestrictiveAttributiveClause）非限制性定语从句和主句的关系并不什么密切，只是对先行词作些附加说明，如果去掉，主句的意思还是比较明确的。1.一般不用that引导2.非限制性定语从句中，关系词不可省略。如：Bejing,whichisthecapitalofChina,hasaverylonghistory.YesterdayImetLiPing,whoseemedtobeverybusy.\n3.非限制性定语从句还可以拿句子或句子的一部分作先行词，常由which引入，用逗号分开。如：Someoftheroadswereflooded,whichmadeourjourneymoredifficult.Hehassmoothlyenteredakeymiddleschool,whichmakeshisparentsveryhappy.Hesaidhehadnobike,whichwasnottrue.4.非限制定语从句有时形式上是从句，实质上其功用相当于一个分句。这种从句常被唤作连续性从句(continuativeclause),如：ThenhemetMary,whoinvitedhimtoaparty.Now,workerscanreporttheirproblemsandsuggestionstotheirrepresentative,whowillthenconveythemtotheplantmanagement.\nSomeoftheroadswereflooded,madeourjourneymoredifficult.Hehassmoothlyenteredakeymiddleschool,makeshisparentsveryhappy.MrKing,legswerebadlyhurt,wasquicklytakentohospital.Hesaidhehadnobike,wasnottrue.WeshallmakeadecisionaboutMsKing,storyIhavejusttoldyou.Hemadethesamemistakesagain,_____madehisparentsveryangry.YesterdayIboughtadictionary,_______costmemorethan100yuan.MrSmith,_______gaveatalkseveralmonthsago,willcomeagain.Myunclehascomebackfromabroad,________Ihaven’tmetforalongtime.whichwhichwhosewhichwhosewhichwhichwhowhom\n试比较GroupOneThetravelerswho/thatknewaboutthefloodstookanotherroad.(知道涨大水的旅客走另一条路)(旅客都知道涨大水了，他们走另一条路)GroupTwoThewinewhich/thatwasinthecellar(地窖)wasallruined.Thetravelers,whoknewaboutthefloods,tookanotherroad.(藏在地窖里的酒坏了)(酒藏在地窖里，全都坏了)Thewine,whichwasinthecellar,wasallruined.\n（昨天来过这里的那个男人又来了.）（这个男人昨天来过这里，他又来了.）Theman,whocamehereyesterday,hascomeagain.（我的姐姐20岁了，她在银行工作。)GroupthreeThemanwhocamehereyesterdayhascomeagain.GroupfourMysisterwhoistwentyworksinabank.(我20岁大的姐姐在银行工作。)Mysister,whoistwenty,worksinabank.\nGroupfiveThemanwhogreetedmeismyteacher.向我打招呼的那个人是我的老师.John,whogreetedme,ismyteacher.John是我的老师，他向我打过招呼.\nTranslation1.Thisisthemanwhocametoseemeyesterday.2.Bill,whowashereyesterday,askedmealotofquestions.3.Shehasfoundthenecklacethatshehadlosttwoweeksago.4.Hisspeech,whichtiredeveryone,wentonandon.\n5.ItoldthestorytoTom,wholatertoldittoJohn.6.Mr.White,whosehomeisnotfarfromhere,isadoctor.7.Intheolddays,whenIwasalittleboy,thecityhasnoindustrytospeakof.\n1.Iwanttobuythehousewhichhasagarden.2.Iwanttobuythehouse,whichhasagarden.3.Theearthisround,whichisknowntoall.4.She’sverylikeMissCatler,thatIusedtomeetatDumdum.5.Yesterday,ImetLiPing,whoseemedtobeverybusy.\nGoodbye!