初中英语总结 66页

初一年级（上）【名师讲解】1.in/on在表示空间位置时，in表示在某个空间的范围以内，on表示在某一个物体的表面之上。例如：Thereisabirdinthetree.树上有只鸟。Thereisapictureonthewall.墙上有张图。2.this/that/these/those(1)this常常用来指在时间、地点上更接近讲话人的人和事，these是this的复数形式。that常常用来指在时间、地点上离讲话人更远一点的人和事，those时that的复数形式。例如：YoulookinthisboxandI’lllookinthatoneoverthere.你看看这个盒子，我去看那边的那个盒子。Iwantthiscar,notthatcar.我想要这辆小汽车，不是那一辆。Takethesebookstohisroom,please.请把这些书拿到他房间去。Thisismine;that’syours.这个是我的，那个是你的。Theseareapples;thoseareoranges.这些是苹果，那些是橘子。(2)在打电话的用语中，this常常指的是我，that常常指的是对方。例如：ThisisMaryspeaking.Who’sthat?我是玛丽。你是谁？3.Therebe/haveTherebe"有"，其确切含意为"某处或某时存在某人或某物。"其结构是：Therebe+某人或某物+表示地点或时间的状语。Therebe后面的名词实际上是主语，be动词的形式要和主语在数上保持一致，be动词后面的名词是单数或不可数名词时用is，名词是复数时用are。例如：(1)Thereisabigbottleofcokeonthetable.桌上有一大瓶子可乐。(2)Thereisadollinthebox.那个盒子里有个娃娃。(3)Therearemanyapplesonthetree.那树上有许多苹果。总之，Therebe结构强调的是一种客观存在的"有"。have表示"拥有，占有，具有"，即：某人有某物(sb.have/hassth.)。主语一般是名词或代词，与主语是所属关系。例如：(4)Ihavetwobrothersandonesister.我有两个兄弟，一个姐姐。(5)Thathousehasfourrooms.那所房子有四个房间。4.look/see/watch(1)look表示“看、瞧”，着重指认真看，强调看的动作，表示有意识地注意看，但不一定看到，以提醒对方注意。，如：Look!Thechildrenareplayingcomputergames.瞧！孩子们在玩电脑游戏。Look!What’sthatoverthere?看！那边那个是什么？单独使用是不及物动词，如强调看某人/物，其后接介词at，才能带宾语，如：He’slookingatme。他正在看着我。(2)see强调“看”的结果，着重的是look这个动作的结果，意思是“看到”，see是及物动词，后面能直接跟宾语。如：Whatcanyouseeinthepicture?你能在图上看到什么？Lookattheblackboard.Whatdidyouseeonit?看黑板！你看到了什么？(3)watch“观看，注视”，侧重于场面，表示全神贯注地观看、观察或注视某事务的活动，强调过程，常用于“看电视、看足球、看演出”等。如：YesterdaywewatchedafootballmatchonTV.昨天我们从电视上看了一场足球比赛。\n4.puton//inputon意为“穿上，戴上”。主要指“穿上”这一动作,后面接表示服装、鞋帽的名词。in是介词，表示“穿着”强调状态。在句中可以做定语、标语和状语。如：It’scoldoutside,putonyourcoat.外面冷，穿上你的外衣。Heputsonhishatandgoesout. 他戴上帽子，走了出去。ThewomaninawhiteblouseisJohn’smother.穿白色衬衣的那个妇女是John的妈妈。5.house/home/familyhouse：“房子”，指居住的建筑物;Home:“家”，指一个人同家人共同经常居住的地方;Family:“家庭“，“家庭成员”。例如：Pleasecometomyhousethisafternoon.今天下午请到我家来。Heisnotathome.他不在家。Myfamilyallgetupearly.我们全家都起得很早。6.fine,nice,good,well四者都可用作形容词表示"好"之意，但前三者既可作表语又可作定语，而后者仅用作表语。主要区别在于：(1)fine指物时表示的是质量上的"精细"，形容人时表示的是"身体健康"，也可以用来指"天气晴朗"。例如：Yourparentsareveryfine.你父母身体很健康。That'safinemachine.那是一台很好的机器。It'safinedayforawalktoday.今天是散步的好时候。(2)nice主要侧重于人或物的外表，有"美好"，"漂亮"的意思，也可用于问候或赞扬别人。例如：Lucylooksnice.露西看上去很漂亮。Thesecoatsareverynice.那些裙子很好看。Nicetomeetyou.见到你很高兴。It'sveryniceofyou.你真好。(3)good形容人时指"品德好"，形容物时指"质量好"，是表示人或物各方面都好的普通用语。例如：Hersonisagoodstudent.她儿子是一个好学生。Theredcarisverygood.那辆红色小汽车很好。(4)well只可用来形容人的"身体好"，但不能作定语，它也能用作副词作状语，多放在所修饰的动词之后。例如：I'mverywell,thanks.我身体很好，谢谢。Myfriendssingwell.我的朋友们歌唱得好。【中考范例】1.(2004年北京市中考试题)Mary,pleaseshow________yourpicture.A.myB.mineC.ID.me【解析】答案：D。该题考查的是人称代词和物主代词的用法。本题中动词show后面跟双宾语，空白处应填入人称代词的宾格me作宾语。2.(2004年上海市徐汇区中考试题)_________orangeonthedeskisforyou,Mike.\nA.AB.AnC./D.The【解析】答案：D。该题考查的是冠词的基本用法。因为是特指课桌上的那个橘子，所以用定冠词the。3.(2004年哈尔滨市中考试题)---What_______thenumberofthegirlsinyourclass?---Abouttwenty.A.isB.amC.areD.be【解析】答案：A。该题考查的是动词be的用法和主谓一致。thenumber作主语，应该是单数第三人称，动词be变为is。4.(2004年陕西省中考试题)There_______afootballmatchonTVthisevening.A.willhaveB.isgoingtobeC.hasD.isgoingtohave【解析】答案：B。该题考查的是Therebe…句型和动词have用法区别。Therebe句型本身就表示“在某个地方存在某个人或物”，不能和动词have混在一起用。【满分演练】一.单项填空1.---Whatcolouristhebike?---It’s_______orange.A.anB.aC./D.the2.Thatisn’therbag.It’s________.A.myB.IC.mineD.me3.---Oh,yourkiteisverynice.---__________________.A.That’srightB.No,it’snotniceC.Yes,itisD.Thankyou4.Thewomanissixty,butshe_______young.A.isB.seesC.looksD.watches5.It’stime________lunch.Let’sgohome.A.toB.inC.forD.on6.---________isyourcoat?---Theblackone.A.WhatB.WhereC.WhichD.How7.---________isthetoy?---It’sonthebed.A.WhoB.WhereC.WhatD.Whose8.Theshoesaretooold.Put________overthere.A.itB.theyC.theirD.them9.Excuseme.Canyou_______mywatch,please?A.lookB.looklikeC.lookafterD.lookat10.Look_______theblackboardandlisten_______theteacher.A.//B.at;toC.after;/D.on;after11.---Whosedressisthis?---It’s_________.A.LucyB.Lucy’sC.JimD.Jim’s12.Thegirl______thepurplecoatishissister.A.atB.inC.onD.with13.Thereisabird______thetree.A.inB.onC.toD.of\n14.Therearemany________inourschool.A.womanteachersB.womanteacherC.womenteacherD.womenteachers15.---Isthereaballunderthedesk?---______________________.A.Yes,itisB.Yes,there’sC.No,thereisn’tD.No,thereis16.There_______somebooksandapencilonthedesk.A.amB.isC.areD.be17.---Letmehelpyou.---_______________.A.You’rewelcomeB.ThanksverymuchC.Don’tworryD.Yes,thanks18.______oldmanis______Englishteacher.A.The;anB.An;anC.The;theD.A;a19.---What_____fiveplussix?---It’seleven.A.amB.isC.areD./20.---What______youseeinthepicture?---Icanseesomeflowers.A.mustB.canC.areD.do二.完形填空ThisisapictureofKat’s____1____.Whatcanwe____2_____inthepicture?Look____3____it,please.Theman____4____theblackcoatisKate’sfather,Mr.Green.The____5____intheredsweaterisMrs.Green.They____6____young.ThebabyisKate.ThelittleboyisKate’s____7_____,Jim.___8____themanbehindMrs.Green?Oh,he’s____9___brother,Mr.Read.He____10____young,too.1.A.familiesB.familyC.parentsD.brothers2.A.lookB.doC.seeD.put3.A.atB.afterC.forD.up4.A.onB.ofC.inD.to5.A.manB.girlC.womenD.woman6.A.areB.isC.looklikeD.looking7.A.sisterB.brotherC.fatherD.aunt8.A.What’sB.Where’sC.Who’sD.Howis9.A.hisB.herC.ourD.their10.A.looksB.amC.lookD.very三.在B栏中找出A栏英语句子的正确答语(A)(B)1.Howareyou?A.IaminRow6.2.Canyouspellit,please?B.Fine,thankyou.3.Howdoyoudo?C.Yes,b-o-o-k,book.4.Whatrowareyouin?D.Itisten.5.What’stwopluseight?E.Nicetomeetyou,too.6.Nicetomeetyou.F.Iam14.7.Howoldareyou?G.WangPingis.8.Who’snothere?H.It’shere.\n9.Whereisthebag?I.It’sabook.10.WhatisthisinEnglish?J.Howdoyoudo?四.完成对话：在对话后面的句子中选出正确的填入空白处Jim:Excuseme,Ann.Whoseblackdogisthis?Isityours?Ann:Letmehavealook.________1_______.Ithinkit’sSam’s.Mydogisbrown.Jim:Sam,lookatthedogbehindthetree.________2__________?Sam:Sorry,itisn’tmine.Mydogisblackandwhite.IthinkitlookslikeMary’s.Jim:_____________3______________?Sam:She’smyfriend.Look!She’soverthere.Let’sgoandaskher.Jim:_______________4_______________.Sam:Hi,Mary!Isthatdogyours?Mary:_______________5_______________.Sam:It’salovelydog!Don’tloseit!Mary:Yes,thankyou.A.Who’sMaryB.OK,let’sgoC.Oh,noit’snotmineD.Oh,yes.It’smineE.Isityours五.用所给单词的适当形式填空1.________(He)penisin______(I)pencil-box.2.________(You)shoes________(be)underthebed.3.________(Who)newruleristhis?4.---Arethesetrousers_______(you)?---No,theyaren’t________(we)5.It’stime________(go)andplaygames.6.Thisismypen.Pleasegiveitto________(I).7.Ihavetwo________(baby).8.Look!Thatisa________(China)car.9.Itis__________(myteacher)sweater.10.Nowher________(parent)areinAmerica.六.阅读理解(A)Bobwasborninabigandrichfamily.Hisfatherisauniversityprofessor.HeteachesAmericanhistory.Hismotherisaverycapablewoman.Sheisthemanagerofabigcompany.Sheearnsalotofmoney,ofcourse.Bobhastwosistersandabrother.Hiseldersister,Jenny,isfourteen.Shestudiesinamiddleschool.Hisyoungersister,Ann,isten.Shestudiesinaprivateprimaryschool.Shehasaverygoodmemory.Sheisclever.Hisyoungerbrother,Dick,isonlysix.Hehasjuststartedgoingtoschool.Bobgetsonwellwithhisfamily.Heisongoodtermsnotonlywithhisparents,butalsowithhissistersandbrother.(haveafriendlyrelationshipwithsb.)Heis,inaword,anappleintheireyes.根据短文的内容，判断下列句子的正误：正确地答“A”，错误的答“B”。1.Bobwasborninasmallandrichfamily.2.Hehastwobrothersandasister.3.Therearefivepeopleinhisfamily.4.Dickisonlysix.Hestudiesinaprivateprimaryschool.5.“Heisanappleintheireyes”means“Theylovehimverymuch”.\n(B)Lookattheclotheslineinthetwins'bedroom.Therearesomeclothesonit.Youcanseeagreenblouseandayellowskirt.Thetrousersontheclotheslineareblack.Theyarenotnewbutclean.AretheyLily'sclothes?No.IknowtheyareLucy's.Lily'sclothesareonaclothestreenearthewindow.Hertrousersarebrown,herblouseiswhiteandherskirtisblue.Thereisanewhatontheclothestree,butit'snotLily's,it'sLucy's.ThereisanoldhatonLucy'sbedintheroom,it'sLily's.Therearenoclothesontheotherbed,thebedisLily's.1.Whatcanyouseeinthebedroom?Icansee__________.A.aclotheslineB.atreeC.abed2.WhatcolourareLucy'strousers?Theyare________.A.greenB.blackC.brown3.WhereisLucy'shat?It'son_________.A.theclothestreeB.theclotheslineC.lily'sbed4.Howmanybedsarethereintheroom?________.A.onlyoneB.threeC.two5.ArethereanythingsonLily'sbed?________.A.Yes,thereisahatonitB.No,thereisnotanythingonitC.Sorry,Idon'tknow(C)It'safineSundaymorning.Annandhermotherareinabigbus.Therearemanypeopleinit.SomeofthemcomefromAmerica,andsomecomefromEnglandandCanada.Theyarealltheirfriends.TheyaregoingtotheGreatWall.TherearetwoChineseinthebus.Oneiswoman.Sheisdrivingthebus.Theotherisayoungman.HespeaksgoodEnglish.HeisnowtalkingabouttheGreatWall.Theotherpeoplearealllisteningtohim.TheyliketheGreatWall.Theywanttoseeitverymuch.1.AnnandmotheraregoingtotheGreatWall__________.A.bybikeB.bycarC.byplaneD.bybus2.Thereare__________.A.onlyoneChineseinthebusB.onlytwoChineseinthebusC.onlytwoChineseonthebikeD.onlyoneChineseinthecar3.Thedriveris__________.A.amanB.awomanC.aCanadianD.anAmerican4.Thepeople__________.A.aresingingB.aretalkingC.arelisteningD.arelookingatthewall5.They__________.A.canseetheGreatWallB.canspeakEnglishverywell.C.wanttotalkwiththemanverymuchD.wanttoseetheGreatWallverymuch初一年级（下）\n【名师讲解】1.That'sright./That‘sallright./Allright.That’sright意为“对的”，表示赞同对方的意见、看法或行为，肯定对方的答案或判断。例如："Ithinkwemusthelptheoldman.""我想我们应该帮助这位老人。""That'sright."或"You'reright.""说得对"。That’sallright.意为“不用谢”、“没关系”，用来回答对方的致谢或道歉。例如："Manythanks.""That'sallright.""Sorry.It'sbroken.""That'sallright."Allright.意为“行了”、“可以”，表示同意对方的建议或要求。有时还可以表示“身体很好”"Pleasetellmeaboutit.""请把此事告诉我。""Allright.""好吧。"Isyourmotherallright?你妈身体好吗2.make/do这两个词都可以解释为“做”，但含义却不同，不能混用。make指做东西或制东西，do指做一件具体的事。Canyoumakeapaperboatforme?你能为我做个纸船吗？He’sdoinghishomeworknow.他正在做他的作业。3.say/speak/talk/tellsay：是最口语化的最普通的一个词，意为“说出”、“说道”，着重所说的话。如：“Iwanttogotherebybus”,hesaid.他说，“我要坐汽车到那里去。”PleasesayitinEnglish.请用英语说。speak:“说话”，着重开口发声，不着重所说的内容，一般用作不及物动词(即后面不能直接接宾语)。如：Canyouspeakabouthim?你能不能说说他的情况？Idon’tliketospeaklikethis.我不喜欢这样说话。speak作及物动词解时，只能和某种语言等连用，表达在对话中恰当使用词汇的能力。如：ShespeaksEnglishwell.她英语说得好。talk:与speak意义相近，也着重说话的动作，而不着重所说的话，因此，一般也只用作不及物动词，不过，talk暗示话是对某人说的，有较强的对话意味，着重指连续地和别人谈话。如：Iwouldliketotalktohimaboutit.我想跟他谈那件事。Oldwomenliketotalkwithchildren.老年妇女喜欢和孩子们交谈。tell:“告诉”，除较少情况外，一般后面总接双宾语。如：He’stellingmeastory.他在给我讲故事。tellalie撒谎tellsb.todosth./tellsb.nottodosth.MissZhaooftentellsustostudyhard.4.docooking/dothecookingdocooking作“做饭”解，属泛指。dothecooking特指某一顿饭或某一家人的饭。cooking为动名词，不能用作复数，但前面可用some,much修饰。从dosomecooking可引出许多类似的短语：dosomewashing洗些衣服dosomeshopping买些东西dosomereading读书dosomewriting写些东西\ndosomefishing钓鱼从以上短语可引申出另一类短语，不能用some,much或定冠词。goshopping去买东西gofishing去钓鱼goboating去划船goswimming去游泳5.likedoingsth./liketodosth.likedoingsth.与liketodosth.意思相同，但用法有区别。前者强调一般性的爱好或者表示动作的习惯性和经常性；后来表示一次性和偶然性的动作。例如：Helikesplayingfootball,buthedoesn‘tliketoplayfootballwithLiMing.他喜欢踢足球，但是他不喜欢和李明踢。6.other/others/theother/anotherother表其余的，别的，Haveyouanyotherquestions?你还有其他问题吗?others别的人，别的东西IntheroomsomepeopleareAmerican,theothersareFrench.在屋子里一些人是美国人,其他的是法国人。theother表另一个（二者之中）one…，theother…OneofmytwobrothersstudiesEnglish,　theotherstudiesChinese.我两个哥哥中的一个学习英文,另一个学中文。another表三者以上的另一个，另一些Thereisroomforanotherfewbooksontheshelf.书架上还可以放点书。7.inthetree/onthetreeinthetree与onthetree.译成中文均为"在树上"但英语中有区别。inthetree表示某人、某事（不属于树本身生长出的别的东西）落在树上，表示树的枝、叶、花、果等长在树上时，要使用onthetree.如：Therearesomeapplesonthetree.那棵树上有些苹果。Thereisabirdinthetree.那棵树上有只鸟。8.some/any(1)some和any既可修饰可数名词，也可修饰不可数名词。但有以下两点需要注意。some常用于肯定句中，any常用于否定句和疑问句中。如：Thereissomewaterintheglass.Isthereanywaterintheglass?Thereisn'tanywaterintheglass.(2)在说话者希望得到肯定答复的一般疑问句中，或在表示请求，邀请的疑问句中，我们依然用some。如：Wouldyoulikesometea?9.tall/high(1)说人，动物，树木等有生命的东西，主要用tall，不用high，例如atallwoman一个高个子妇女atallhorse一个高大的马(2)说一个不与地面接触的人和物的高时，要用high，而不用tall，比如人站在桌子上时，飞机飞上天时，例如：\nHeishighupinthetree.他高高地爬在树上。Theplaneissohighinthesky.飞机在空中这么高。(3)指建筑物、山时要tall或high都可以，不过high的程度比tall高。(4)high可作副词，tall不能。(5)tall的反义词为short,high的反义词为low.10.can/could(1)can表示体力和脑力方面的能力，或根据客观条件能做某种动作的"能力"。例如：Canyourideabike？你会骑自行车吗？WhatcanIdoforyou？要帮忙吗？Canyoumakeacake？你会做蛋糕吗？(2)can用在否定句和疑问句中时有时表示说话人的"怀疑""猜测"或不肯定。例如：Wherecanhebe？他会在什么地方呢？Canthenewsbetrue？这个消息会是真的吗？Itsurelycan'tbesixo'clockalready？不可能已经六点钟了吧？Youcan'tbehungrysosoon，Tom，you'vejusthadlunch.汤姆，你不可能饿得这么快，你刚吃过午饭。Whatcanhemean？他会是什么意思？在日常会话中，can可代替may表示"允许"，may比较正式。例如：Youcancomeinanytime.你随时都可以来。---CanIuseyourpen？我能用你的钢笔吗？---Ofcourse，youcan.当然可以。Youcanhavemyseat，I'mgoingnow.我要走了，你坐我的座位吧。(3)couldcould是can的过去式，表示过去有过的能力和可能性（在否定和疑问句中）。例如：Thedoctorsaidhecouldhelphim.（能力）医生说他能帮助他。Lilycouldswimwhenshewasfouryearsold.（能力）当丽丽四岁的时候她就会游泳。Atthattimewethoughtthestorycouldbetrue.（可能性）那时我们以为所说的可能是真的。could可代替can表示现在时间的动作，但语气较为婉转。例如：CouldIspeaktoJohn，please？我能和约翰说话吗？Couldyou？在口语中表示请求对方做事。例如：Couldyouwaithalfanhour？请你等半个小时好吗？Couldyoupleaseringagainatsix？六点钟请你再打电话好吗？(4)can的形式只有现在式can和过去式could两种形式。能表示一般现在和一般过去两种时态，有时也能表示将来。所有其他时态（包括将来时）须用beableto加动词不定式来表示。例如：TheyhavenotbeenabletocometoBeijing.他们没有能到北京来。\n11.lookfor/findlookfor意为“寻找”，而find意为“找到，发现”，前者强调“找”这一动作，并不注重“找”的结果，而后者则强调“找”的结果。例如：Shecan’tfindherruler.她找不到她的尺子啦。Tomislookingforhiswatch，buthecan’tfindit.汤姆正在寻找他的手表，但没能找到。12.besleeping/beasleepbesleeping表示动作，意思是“正在睡觉”；beasleep表示状态，意思是“睡着了”。如：---Whatarethechildrendoingintheroom?孩子们在房间里做什么？---Theyaresleeping.他们正在睡觉。Thechildrenareasleepnow.现在孩子们睡着了。13.often/usually/sometimesoften表示"经常"，sometimes表示"有时候"，在表示发生频率上often要高于usually，usually要高于sometimes。这三个词表示的是经常性，一般性的动作或情况，常与一般现在时连用，常位于主要谓语动词的前面，其他谓语动词（be动词，情态动词和助动词）的后面，有时也可位于句尾。如果要加强语气，则放在句首。Weusuallyplaybasketballafterschool.我们通常放学后打篮球。SometimesIgotobedearly.有时，我睡觉很早。HeoftenreadsEnglishinthemorning.他经常在早晨读英语。14.Howmuch/Howmanyhowmuch常用来询问某一商品的价格，常见句式是Howmuchis/are…?Howmuchistheskirt? 这条裙子多少钱？Howmucharethebananas? 这些香蕉多少钱？howmuch后加不可数名词，表示数量，意为“多少“，howmany后加可数名词的复数形式。Howmuchmeatdoyouwant? 你要多少肉呀？Howmanystudentsarethereinyourclass? 你们班有多少人？15.begoodfor/begoodto/begoodatbegoodfor表示"对……有好处"，而bebadfor表示"对……有害"；begoodto表示"对……友好"，而bebadto表示"对……不好"；begoodat表示"擅长，在……方面做得好"，而bebadat表示"在……方面做得不好"。Doingeyeexercisesisgoodforyoureyes.做眼保健操对你的眼睛有好处。Eatingtoomuchisbadforyouhealth.吃的太多对你的身体有害。MissLiisgoodtoallofus.李老师对我们所有的人都很友好。Thebossisbadtohisworkers.这个老板对他的工人不好。LiLeiisgoodatdrawing,butI'mbadatit.李雷擅长画画，但是我不擅长。16.each/everyeach和every都有"每一个"的意思，但含义和用法不相同。each从个体着眼，every从整体着眼。each可用于两者或两者以上，every只用于三者或三者以上。Weeachhaveanewbook.我们每人各有一本新书。Therearetreesoneachsideofthestreet.街的两旁有树。Hegetsupearlyeverymorning.每天早晨他都起得早。\neach可以用作形容词、副词和代词；every只能用作形容词。Eachofthemhashisownduty.他们各人有各人的义务。Theyeachwanttodosomethingdifferent.他们每个人都想做不同的事情。17.一般现在时/现在进行时一般现在时表示经常性的或习惯性的动作或存在的状态，也表示说话者的能力，还有自然现象；而现在进行时表示正在进行或发生的动作（构成方式为am/is/are/+doing）。Idomyhomeworkintheevening.我在晚上做作业。I'mdoingmyhomeworknow.我现在正在做作业。现在进行时常与now,thesedays,atthemoment或Look,listen等词连用；而一般现在时常与often,always,sometimes,usually,everyday,inthemorning,onMondays等连用。Weoftencleantheclassroomafterschool.我们经常放学后打扫教室。Look!Theyarecleaningtheclassroom.看！他们正在打扫教室呢。【中考范例】1.（2004年安徽省中考试题）---Hurryup!We’reallwaitingforyou.---I________foranimportantphonecall.Gowithoutme.A.waitB.waswaitingC.amwaitingD.waited【解析】答案：C。表示现在正在进行的动作，用现在进行时。2.(2004年长春市中考试题)Couldyouhelp____with_______English,please?A.I,myB.me,meC.me,myD.my,I【解析】答案：C。第一个空作宾语，应用人称代词的宾格me,第二个空作定语，应用形容词性物主代词my。3.(2004年长春市中考试题)Dr.Whitecan_______Frenchverywell.A.speakB.talkC.sayD.tell【解析】答案：A。说什麽语言常用动词speak。4.（2004年黄冈中考试题）Englishisspokenby______people.A.alotB.muchmanyC.alargenumberofD.agreatdealof【解析】答案：C。只有alargenumberof能用来修饰复数可数名词people。【满分演练】一.单项选择1.Thereissome______ontheplate.A.cakesB.meatC.potatoD.pears2.UncleWangwants______themachinelikeabike.A.rideB.ridingC.ridesD.toride3.Tomusuallygoestobed________teno'clockintheevening.A.atB.inC.onD.\nof4.______picturebooksinclass,please.A.NotreadB.NoreadC.NotreadingD.Don'tread5.Theboxistooheavy.Let________helpyoutocarryit.A.weB.usC.oursD.our6.Hurryup,______we'llbelateforthemeeting.A.andB.butC.thenD.or7.Peopleusually______"hello"toeachotherwhentheymakeaphonecall.A.sayB.speakC.tellD.talk8.Look!She________akiteforherson.A.makesB.ismakingC.makeD.making9.Theseshoesareyours.Please________.A.putonthemB.putonitC.putthemonD.putiton10.Sheoftengets______verylate.A.homeB.athomeC.tohomeD.inhome11.Ithinktheshopisclosed________thistimeofday.A.inB.onC.atD.for12.Iwant______ofmeat,please.A.halfkiloB.ahalfkiloC.halfakiloD.akilohalf13.---Isthisblackruler________?---No.It's________.A.yours,hisB.your,hisC.yours,himD.you,he14.________bookonthedeskisauseful（重要的）one.A.AB.AnC.TheD./15.Grandmaisill.Wehavetotakehertothe________.A.farmB.postofficeC.hotelD.hospital16.LiuMeioftenhelpshermother________housework.A.doesB.doC.doingD.todoing17.Wewatcheveningnewson________at7:00intheevening.A.CCTVB.CAACC.WTOD.MTV18.There________aboxofapplesonthedesk.A.areB.isC.hasD.have19.Wouldyoulike________withme?A.goB.togoC.goingD.goes20.Sometimeshisbrother________TVaftersupper.A.watchB.seesC.watchesD.iswatching二.填空A.根据句义和首字母写出所缺的单词1.Kate'sglassisempty.Shewantsaf______one.2.Ithinkmyfathercanhelpyoum______yourbrokenbike.3.Ihavetwopencils.Oneisshort,theotheris\nl______.4.Pleaseopenthew______.It'sgettinghothere.5.Somethingisw______withmybike.MayIborrowyours?B.根据句意，用括号中所给词的适当形式填空1.Therearesome________there,talkingloudly.(woman)2.Thisblouseisn'thers.It's________.(my)3.Thepeopleonthefarmarevery________.(friend)4.Doyouknow________?(he)5.Tom'sunclecandrivecars.Heisagood________.(drive)C.选词并用其适当形式填空work,close,look,have,teacher,pen,eat,China,play,climb1.Thisisour________desk.Oursareoverthere.2.Billhasthree________.Oneisnewandtheothertwoareold.3.Hisuncle________veryyoungbutheisoverforty.4.Let's________basketballafterclass.5.Look!Thecatsare________upthetrees.6.Theshopisn'topen.It's________.7.Mybrother________somenewpicturebooks.8.Inourclassroomthereisalargemapof________.9.Mum,pleasegivemesomethingto________.I'mveryhungry.10.DoesMrGreenlike________inthisChineseschool?三.根据对话内容，从方框中选择恰当的句子完成对话A.Pleasegiveitbacksoon.B.It'soverthereC.Certainly.Whendoyouwantit?D.Thankyouverymuch.E.Blackandred,andit'snotverynew.A:Excuseme,LinTao!B:Yes?A:Mybikeisbroken.CanIborrowyours?B:__1____.A:Thisafternoon.B:OK.Here'sthekey.A:____2__.Butwhereisit?B:__3____.A:Whatcolourisit?B:__4____.A:Isee.IthinkIcanfindit.B:___5___.A:Allright.Seeyou!四.完型填空Thesedaysmenandwomen,youngandoldare___1_____thesamekindof___2____,andalotof___3_____havelonghair（头发）.Weoftencan't___4_____whethertheyareboysorgirls,menorwomen.___5_____oldmanoftengoestowalkinthepark.Heissittingonachairnow.Ayoung\npersonis___6________7_____him."Oh,goodness!"theoldmansaystotheotherone."Doyou___8_____thatpersonwithlonghair?Isitaboyoragirl?""Aboy,"saystheotherone."Heismyson.""Oh,"saystheoldman,"Please____9____me.Idon'tknowyouarehis____10____.""I'mnothismother,I'mhisfather,"saystheotherone.1.A.havingB.wearingC.puttingD.buying2.A.clothesB.treesC.picturesD.Bags3.A.weB.yourC.themD.Theirs4.A.talkB.teachC.sayDtell5.A.AnB.AC.TheD./6.A.runningB.flyingC.standingD.driving7.A.onB.besideC.inD.At8.A.seeB.watchC.lookD.Read9.A.helpB.excuseC.teachD.Ask10.A.babyB.sisterC.fatherD.Mother五.阅读理解(A)MrLiteachesChineseintheUSA.HecomesbacktoChinaeveryyear.Hegivesusatalk.Hesays,"KDayintheUSAisveryinteresting.Allchildrenlikeitverymuch.ItisonMarch7th.Whenyougooutonthatday,youcanseechildrenrunningwithkitesintheopenair(露天).Whenyoulookup,youcanseedifferentkitesinthesky（天空）.Somearebig,andsomearesmall.Theyareindifferentcolours.Everykitehasalongstring(长线).Thechildrenbegintorunwhentheygetthekitesup.Everychildhasagoodtimethatday.1.MrLiis_______________.HeworksintheUSA.A.aworkerB.anEnglishteacherC.adoctorD.aChineseteacher2.MrLisayssomethingabout_______________.A.howtostudyEnglishB.KDayintheUSAC.hisworkintheUSAD.playingintheopenair3.March7this_________________.A.Children'sDayB.Teachers'DayC.KDayD.TreeplantingDay(植树节)4.Everykitehas_____________________.A.ashortstringB.alongstringC.thesamecolourD.thesamesize(大小)5.Thereare_______________kitesintheskyonthatday.A.allkindsofB.onekindofC.threekindsofD.three(B)PaulaMondayTuesdayWednesday   ThursdayFridayGetup7:10a.m.7:10a.m.7:10a.m.7:10a.m.7:10a.m.morningschoolschoolschoolschoolschoollunchpizzaricericericericeafternoonYo-yoTable-tennisTable-tennisTable-tennisfootballeveninghomeworkhomeworktelevisionhomeworkclothesGotosleep10:15p.m.10:15p.m.10:15p.m.10:15p.m.10:15p.m.根据表格内容选择最佳答案。6.On_______________,Paulausuallygetsupat7:10am.A.ThursdaysB.WednesdaysC.weekdaysD.weekends7.Pizzaisakindof_________________.A.drinkB.fruitC.toyD.food\n8.Paula'sfavouritesportis_________________.A.volleyballB.table-tennisC.yo-yoD.football9.OnWednesdayeveningsPaulausually___________________.A.watchesTVB.doesherhomeworkC.washesherclothesD.goestoseeherfriends10.Whichiswrong?A.PaulagoestoschoolfromMondaytoFriday.B.Paulagoestobedafterteno'clock.C.Paulahassportsintheafternoon.D.PaulausuallyhasPizzaforlunch.六.根据中文提示和英文词语提示，写出意思连贯、符合逻辑的英文文段：（所有英文提示语必须用上。这位老人来自悉尼。他很热爱中国。他现在在北京教英语。他喜欢在北京工作。1.this,man,come,Sydney2.he,China,verymuch3.now,teach,inBeijing4.he,say,Beijing,big,beautiful,like,work,here初二年级（上）【名师讲解】1.onthestreet/inthestreet表示“在街上”时，onthestreet和inthestreet都可以，在美国多用onthestreet,在英国多用inthestreet.例如：Wehaveahouseinthestreet.我们在街上有座房子。Imethimonthestreet.我在街上遇见了他。2.wouldlike/likewouldlike和like含义不同。like意思是“喜欢”，“爱好”，而wouldlike意思是“想要”。试比较：Ilikebeer.=I’mfondofbeer.我喜欢喝啤酒。I’dlikeaglassofbeer=Iwantaglassofbeer.我想要一杯啤酒。Doyoulikegoingtothecinema?你喜欢看电影吗？Wouldyouliketogotothecinematonight?你今晚想去看电影吗？3.another/theother(1)another通常用于三个或三个以上或不确定数量中的任意一个人或物体。例如：MayIhaveanotherapple,please?请在给我一个苹果好吗？Thiscoatistoosmallforme.Pleaseshowmeanother这件外套我穿太小，请再给我拿一件看看。(2)theother通常指两者中的另一个。例如：Hehastworulers.Oneisshort.Theotherislong.他有两把尺子，一把短的，另一把长的。Ihavetwobrothers.OneworksinXi’an.TheotherworksinBeijing.我有两个兄弟，一个在西安工作，另一个在北京工作。4.haveto/must(1)haveto和must都可以用来谈论义务，但用法略有不同。如果某人主观上觉得必须去做而又想去时，常用must。如果谈论某种来自“外界”的义务，常用haveto。例如：Imuststopsmoking.我必须戒烟。（自己想戒烟）Theyhavetoworkfortheboss.他们不得不为那个老板工作。（条件逼得他们去工作）\n(2)haveto可用于多种时态，must只能用于一般现在时。例如：I’llhavetogetupearlytomorrowmorning.明天早晨我必须早早起床。Wehadtoworklonghourseverydayinordertogetmoremoney.为了多挣钱，我们不得不每天长时间地工作。(3)用于否定句时，mustn’t意思是“决不能”，“禁止”，而don’thaveto意思是“不必”，相当于needn’t。例如：Youmustn’tbelateagainnexttime.下一次你决不能再迟到。Youdon’thavetogotheretoday.Youcangotheretomorrow.你今天不必到那里去了。你可以明天去。5.hearsb.orsth.doingsth./herarsb.orsth.dosth.hearsb.orsth.doingsth.意思是“听到某人或某物在做某事”，而hearsb.orsth.dosth.意思是“听到某人或某物做过某事”。试比较：IhearhimsinginganEnglishsong.听见他在唱英歌曲。IheardhimsinganEnglishsong.我听见他唱一首英文歌。类似hear这种用法的还有see,watch,listen,feel等感官动词。6.any/someany和some都可以同不可数名词和可数名词的复数形式连用，但some一般用在肯定句中；any用在疑问句和否定句中。试比较：Iwantsomemoney.我想要点钱。Haveyouanymoney?你有钱吗？Idon’thaveanymoney.我一点钱也没有。some有时也用于疑问句，表示说话人期待一个肯定回答或鼓励人家说“是”。例如：Wouldyoulikesomemorebeer?请你再来点啤酒好吗？CouldIhavesomerice,please?请给我来点米饭好吗？7.hear/listentolistento和hear都有“听”的意思，但含义有所不同。Listento强调“听”的动作，hear强调“听”的结果。例如：Listentome,please!I’mgoingtotellyouastory.请听我说！我给你们讲个故事。Listen!Canyouhearsomeonecryinginthenextroom?听！你能听见有人在隔壁房间里哭吗？Ilistened,butheardnothing.我听了听，但什么也听不见。hear后面如果接宾语从句，常常表示“听说”。例如：Ihearsomeforeignstudentswillvisitourschool.我听说一些外国学生将要访问我们学校。Ihearthereisgoingtobeafilminourschoolthisevening.我听说今晚我们学校要演一场电影。8.Let’s…/Letus…Let’s…和Letus…都表示“让我们……”,如果us包括听话人在内，其含义相同，附带问句用shallwe.如果us不包括听话人在内，其含义不同，Letus…的附带问句要用willyou。例如：Let’sgoshopping,shallwe?我们去购物好吗？9.take/bring/carry/get这四个动词都有“拿”和“带”的意思，但含义有所不同。take意为“带走”，“拿走”，bring意为“带来”，“拿来”,get表示“到别的地方把某人或某物带来或拿来”，carry不强调方向，带有负重的意思。试比较：Myparentsoftentakemethereonholidays.我父母常常带我到那里去度假。I’mgoingtotakeyoutoBeijing.我准备带你去北京。Bringmeacupoftea,please.请给我端杯茶来。\nI’llbringthebooktoyoutomorrow.明天我把那本书给你带来。Thewaitercarriedthemetothetable服务员把肉送到桌上。Themonkeycarriedthebagonherback.猴子把那个包背在背上。Shewentbacktogetherhandbag.他折回去拿他的手提包。Letmegetthedoctor.让我去请医生吧。10.faraway/faraway(1)faraway是一个副词短语，意思是“很远”。例如：Somearefaraway.Somearenearer.有些离得很远，有些离得近一些的。Thevillageisfarawayfromhere.那个村子离这儿很远。(2)faraway是一个形容词，意思是“遥远的”，可以在句中作定语。例如：Helivesinfarawaymountainvillage.他住在一个遥远的小山村。11.find/lookforfind和lookfor都有“找”的意思，但含义不同。find强调“找”的结果，而lookfor强调“找”的过程。请看下列例句：Heislookingforhisbike.他在找他的自行车。I’mlookingformywatch,butcan’tfindit.我在找我的手表，但是找不到。Ihopeyouwillsoonfindyourlostring.希望你尽快找到丢失的戒指。另外，find还有“发现”；“感到”等意思。例如：Ifoundawalletinthedesk.我在课桌里发现了一个钱包。Ifindthisbookveryinteresting.我觉得这本书很有意思。12.infrontof/inthefrontofInfrontof表示在某物的前面，不在某物的范围内。Inthefrontof表示在某物的前部，在某物的范围内。试比较：MyseatisinfrontofMary’s.我的座位在玛丽座位的前面。Heissittinginthefrontofthecarwiththedriver.他和司机坐在小车的前部。【中考范例】1.(2004年烟台市中考试题)Intheexam,the________youare,the________mistakesyou’llmake.A.carefully,littleB.morecarefully,fewestC.morecareful,fewerD.morecareful,less【解析】答案：C。该题考查的是形容词和副词的比较以及他们的比较等级的用法。第一个空应填形容词careful的比较级，因为它在句中作表语，第二个空应填few的比较级，因为它修饰的是复数可数名词。2.(2004年河北省中考试题)Bobneverdoeshishomework_________Mary.Hemakeslotsofmistakes.A.socarefulB.ascarefullyasC.carefullyD.ascarefulas【解析】答案：B。该题考查的是形容词和副词的用法比较。该空应填副词，因为它修饰的是动词does。该题用的是notas+副词+as的结构，所以答案应是B。3.(2004年重庆市中考试题)ThatdayIsawsomeparents_________atthebackoftheclassroom,________totheteacher.A.sitting,listenedB.sat,listenedC.sitting,listeningD.sat,listening【解析】答案：C。该题考查的是seesb.doingsth.的句型结构和分词作状语的用法。第一个空stting在句中作saw的宾语补足语，第二个空listening做伴随状语。4.(2004年杭州市中考试题)You________openthedoorbeforethetraingetsintothestation.A.don’thavetoB.mustn’tC.needn’tD.maynot\n【解析】答案：B。该题考查的是几个情态动词否定式的用法区别。don’thaveto和needn’t的意思都是“不必”，maynot的意思是“可以不”，只有mustn’t表示“不许”，“禁止”。【满分演练】一.单项填空1.Welcomeback________school.A.inB.atC.toD.on2.MissGaoisournewChineseteacher________.A.inthistermB.thistermC.onthistermD.thatterm3.---I’msorryI’mlate.---_____________.A.OKB.Itdoesn’tmatterC.AllrightD.Thankyou4.LiMuandJillaretalking_________wheretheyaregoing.A.aboutB.toC.withD.for5.Thereisvery______foodinthehouse.A.afewB.littleC.alittleD.few6.You’dbettertakearaincoat____you.A.toB.withC.onD.for7.ThechildrenaregoingtotheGreatWall______afieldtrip.A.toB.withC.onD.for8.I’m______hungry.MayIhaveamooncake?A.alittleB.littleC.afewD.few9.I’mstillhungry.I’dlike_________one.A.otherB.anotherC.anotherD.theother10.Themoonlooks____thanthesun,butinfactthesunis______thanthemoon.A.big;bigB.bigger;biggerC.small;smallD.smaller;smaller11.Icanseethem_____footballontheplayground.A.playB.playingC.toplayD.areplaying12.JiWeiruns_________thanI.A.fastB.fasterC.fastestD.thefastest13.Ithinksteamedbreadis____________hamburger.A.moredeliciousthanB.mostdeliciousthanC.moredelicioustoD.mostdeliciousto14.---Whatareyougoingtodothisafternoon?----__________.I’mfree.A.TodomyhomeworkB.TocleanmyhouseC.TodosomeshoppingD.Nothingmuch15.---MayIspeaktoJack?---____________.Who’sthat?A.I’mJackB.ThatisJackC.ThisisJackspeakingD.I’mJackspeaking16.----Whynot_________andseetheplay?---Goodidea.A.goB.goingC.togoD.goes17.It’scoldoutside.Pleasekeepthedoor_________.\nA.closeB.closingC.closesD.closed18.Myhomeisabouttwohundredmetres_____ourschool.A.fromB.farfromC.awayD.to19.Therearesomeappletrees________herhouse.A.inthefrontofB.atthebackofC.inthemiddleofD.atthefrontof20.Whichfloordoyou________?A.liveB.liveonC.liveatD.livein二.完形填空TheXingqingPalacePark（兴庆宫公园）is__1___parkinXi’an.__2__SaturdaysorSundays,childrenlike___3___there__4___theirparents.Theretheycanplaygames.Thereisalakeandahillinthepark.TodayisSunday.Manychildrenareplayinginthepark.Look!Somechildren__5___onthelake.Theyaregood__6___it.Istheboat___7___achicken?No.Itlookslikeaduck.Someboysareplaying__8___footballonthegrass(草地)。Afewboys__9___thehilloverthere.Allthechildrenarehavingagoodtime.Theythinkplayingintheparkis___10___thanhavingclassesatschool.1.A.biggerB.thebiggestC.smallerD.thesmaller2.A.InB.OnC.AtD.With3.A.walkingB.goingC.runningD.flying4.A.withB.forC.onD.in5.A.isswimmingB.isboatingC.arerunningD.areboating6.A.InB.withC.fromD.at7.A.lookB.likesC.looksD.like8.A.aB./C.anD.the9.A.arerunningB.arewalkingC.areclimbingD.arejumping10.A.littlebetterB.muchbetterC.manybetterD.thebest三.阅读理解(A)MarkTwainistravelingtoDijonbytrain.Hewantstosleepverymuch,soheaskstheconductor(服务员)towakehimupwhenthetraingetstoDijon.Thehegoestosleep.Later,whenwakesup,itisearlythenextmorningandthetrainhasgottoParis.Heknowsatoncethattheconductordoesn’twakehimupatDijon.Heisveryangry.Herunsuptotheconductorandsays,“Whydidn’tyouwakemeupandputmeoffthetrainatDijon?Iamveryangryaboutit!”Theconductorsmilesandlooksathim,“AnotherAmericanismoreangrythanyou.Butyoucan’tseehimnow.IputhimoffthetrainatDijonlastnight.”根据短文内容，判断下列各句的正误：正确的答“A”，错误的答“B”。1．MarktwainaskstheconductortowakehimupinParis.2．ThetraingottoDijonatnight.3．MarkTwainwasveryangrywiththeconductor.4．Theconductormadeamistake（错误）.HeputanotherAmericanoffthetrainatDijon.5．MarkTwaincan’tseethatAmericanbecausetheAmericandoesn’tlikehim.(B)TheworsttouristintheworldisNicholasScottiofSanFrancisco.OnceheflewfromtheUStohishometowninItalytoseesomeoneathome.Theplanemadeaone-hourstoptogetoilatKennedyAirportofNewYork.Ashethoughthehadarrivedhome,MrScottigotofftheplane.HethoughthewasinRome.\nWhennobodywastheretomeethim,MrScottithoughtmaybetheywereheldupbyheavytraffic.Whilelookingfortheiraddresses,MrScottifoundthattheold"Rome"hadchangedalot.Manyoldbuildingswerereplacedbyhighmodernones.HealsofoundthatmanypeoplespokeEnglishinsteadofItalianandthatmanystreetsignswerewritteninEnglish.MrScottiknewverylittleEnglish,soheaskedapoliceman(inItalian)thewaytothebusstation.HehappenedtomeetapolicemanwhowasalsoborninItalyandansweredhiminthesamelanguage.Aftertwelvehours'travelingroundonabus,thedriverhandedhimovertoasecondpoliceman.HeaskedthepolicemanwhytheRomepoliceemployedsomanypeopleaspolicemenspeakingEnglishofItalian.TogethimonaplanebacktoSanFrancisco,Hewassenttotheairportinapolicecarwithsirens(警报)on."Look,"saidScottitohisinterpreter,"IknowI'minItaly.That'showtheydrive."1.WhenMrScottiarrivedattheairport,nobodymethimbecause____________.A.hewasinNewYorkB.hewasinRomeC.policemencouldhelphimD.hewasinanItaliancity2.Inwhatdirection(方向)didtheplaneflywhenMrScottiwenttoItalyfromtheUS?A.Totheeast.B.Tothesouth.C.TothewestD.Tothenorth.3.WhywasMrScottisosurethathewasinRome?A.Becausehetraveledalot.B.BecauseheknewlittleabouttheUS.C.BecauseheknewlittleaboutItaly.D.Becausehedidn'ttravelmuch.4.AtlastMrScotti_________.A.knewhedidsomethingwrongB.stillthoughthewasC.knewhewaswrongD.knewhewashome5.DoyouthinkmanypeopledothesamethingasMrScottidid?A.NobodybutMrScottimadethiskindofmistake.B.Manypeoplemakethiskindofmistake.C.Fewpeoplemakethiskindofmistake.D.50%ofpeoplewillmakethesamemistake.(C)\nMywifeandIstayedinLondonforafewweekslastyear.Wewentthereintheautumn.WethinkitisthebestseasontovisitEngland.TheweatherisusuallyquitegoodandtherearenottoomanyvisitorsinOctober.WestayedinasmallrestaurantintheWestEnd.Wedidmostofoursightseeingonfoot.Wewenttolookatalltheplaces.Wewentshoppingandspenttoomuchmoney.Welikedgoingtothetheatre.Wedon'thavethechancetoseesuchgoodplays(戏剧)athome.AlotofpeoplesayEnglishfoodisverybad.Wedidn'tthinkso.MostoftherestaurantsareFrenchorChinese,butwehadsomeverygoodmeals.Weenjoyedourholidayverymuch.Wewanttogothereagainthisyear.Wearegoingtotakeourumbrellas.I'msurewe'llneedthemsometimes.1.“Wewentshoppingandspenttoomuchmoney”means_________.A.theydidn'tenjoyshoppingandspenttoomuchmoneyB.priceswerehighinEnglandC.thereweresomanygoodthingsintheshopsandtheyboughtalotD.theylikedtogoshoppingwithlotsofmoney2.Theydidn'thavethechancetoseesuchgoodplays_________.A.intheirsmallrestaurantB.intheirhometownC.inFranceD.inEngland3.Youcanget_______inarestaurant.A.mealsB.clothesC.booksD.cakes4.I'msurewe'llneedumbrellassometimesbecause__________.A.umbrellascanbeverygoodpresentsfortheirfriendsinLondonB.itoftenrainsinLondonC.theEnglishpeopleliketobringumbrellaswiththemD.theEnglishpeopleprotect(保护)themselveswithumbrella5.Thetwovisitorscamefrom________.A.EnglandB.FranceC.AmericaD.acountrywedon'tknow四.根据所给汉语完成下列英语句子1.YesterdayafternoonMissLicamehere_________(向你道歉).2.Idideverything___________(他要求我做的).3.Wesawtheoldscientist____________(在花园里散步)justnow.4.Mygrandpahas___________(好记忆).Hecanremembermanythings.5.Doyouknowwho_______(发明了机器人)？6.Ifind____________(记住这些单词很难).7.Ienjoy____________(吃大肉).8.Don’tstand___________(一直).Pleasegivemeahand.9.WangZheng__________(出身在)aworker’sfamily.10.________________(祝你们好运),alltheboys.初二年级（中）【名师讲解】1.above/over/on\n这三个介词都表示“在……之上”，但含义不同。on指在某物的表面上，和某物接触；above指在某物的上方，不和某物接触，但也不一定在某物的正上方；over指在某物的正上方，不和某物接触。试比较：Thereisabookonthedesk.课桌上有一本书。Iraisemyrighthandabovemyhead.我把右手高举过头。Thereisastonebridgeovertheriver.河面上有座石桥。2.forgettodosth./forgetdoingsth.forgettodosth.意思是“忘记做某事”，实际上还没做；forgetdoingsth,意思是“忘记做过某事”，实际上已经做过了。试比较：Iforgottotellhimthenews.我忘记告诉他这条消息了。Iforgottellinghimthenews.我已经把这条消息告诉他了，我却忘了。类似的词还有：remember,regret等。3.hope/wishhope和wish在汉语中都有“希望”的意思，但其含义和用法有所不同。主要区别如下：(1)wish可以用来表示不可实现的愿望；hope只能用来表示可能实现的愿望。例如：IwishIwere20yearsyounger.我但愿自己能年轻二十岁。Ihopeyou’llbebettersoon.我希望你能很快好起来。Iwishtheweatherwasn’tsocold.但愿天气不这麽冷。Ihopehewillcome,too.我希望他也能来。(2)wish可以接sb.todosth.的结构，而hope不可以。例如：Doyouwishmetocomebacklater?你是否希望我再来？4.besuretodosth./besureof/aboutsb.orsth.(1)besuretodosth.可以用来表示说话人给对方提出要求，意思是“务必”，也可以用来表示说话人做出的推断，意思是“一定”，“肯定”。例如：Besuretolockthedoorwhenyouleave.你离开时务必把门锁好。It’sagoodfilm.Youaresuretoenjoyit.这是一部好电影，你肯定会喜欢的。(2)besureof/aboutsb.orsth.可用来表示“某人对某事有把握”。例如：I’msureofhissuccess.我相信他会成功。Ithinkitwasthreeyearsago,butI’mnotsureaboutit.我想那是三年前的事情，但我没有把握。5.hearfrom/hearofhear意思是“听到”，从哪里听到要用from来表示。例如：I’veheardfromXiaoWuthatwe’llstartoutmilitarytrainingtomorrow.我听小吴说，我们明天开始军训。ListentothetapeandwriteoutwhatyouhearfromHanMei.听录音，并写出你从韩梅那里听到的内容。hearfrom还有一个意思是“收到某人的来信”（=receivealetterfromsb.）。例如：IheardfrommypenfriendintheU.S.A.lastmonth.上个月我受到了美国笔友的来信。Iheardfromherlastweek.我上周接到了她的来信。hearof和和hearfrom含义不同。hearof意思是“听说”，“得知”（某事或某人的存在），常用在疑问句和否定句里。例如：Whoishe?I’veneverheardofhim.他是谁？我从来没有听说过他。Ineverheardofsuchathing!这样的事我从来没有听说过。6.It’sapleasure./Withpleasure.It’sapleasure这句话常用作别人向你表示致谢时的答语，意思是“那是我乐意做的”。例如：\n---Thankyouforhelpingme.谢谢你地帮助。---It’sapleasure.那是我乐意做的。---Thanksalot.Bye.非常感谢。再见。---It’sapleasure.那是我乐意做的。再见。类似的话还有“Notatall.”“Youarewelcome.”“That’sallright.”Withpleasure也用作客气的答语，主要用在别人要你做某事，而你又非常愿意去做的场合。例如：---Willyoupleasepassmethenewspaper,please?请你把报纸递给我好吗？---Withpleasure.当然可以。7.seem/look(1)二者都可以作“看起来”讲，但seem暗示凭借一些迹象作出的有根据的判断，这种判断往往接近事实；look着重强调由视觉得出的印象。两者都可跟(tobe)+形容词和asif从句。如：Heseems/looks(tobe)veryhappytoday.他今天看起来很高兴。Itlooks(seems)asifititisgoingtorain.好像要下雨了。(2)但下列情况中只用seem不用look：1)后跟不定式todo时。如：Heseemstoknowtheanswer.他似乎知道答案。2)在Itseemsthat...结构中。如：Itseemsthatheishappiernowthanyesterday.他像比昨天高兴些了。8.bereadytodo/bereadyfor/getreadytodo/getreadyfor(1)bereadytodo和bereadyfor…表示“已作好…的准备”，强调状态(2)getreadytodo和getreadyfor…表示“为…做准备”，强调行为。如：I'mreadytodoanythingyouwantmetodo.我愿意/随时准备做一切做你要我做的事。I'mreadyforanyquestionsyoumayask.我愿意/随时准备回答你可能问的问题。He'sgettingreadytoleaveforTokyo.他正准备动身去东京。Let'sgetreadyforthehardmoment.我们为这一艰难时刻作好准备吧。(3)bereadytodo通常可理解“乐于做某事”，即思想上总是有做某事的准备。benotreadytodo表示“不轻易做某事”。如：He'susuallynotreadytolistentoothers.他通常不轻易听从别人。9.attable/atthetableattable在吃饭，atthetable在桌子旁边。例如：TheGreensareattable.格林一家人在吃饭。Mr.Blackissittingatthetableandreadingabook.布莱克先生坐在桌旁读书。10.reach,arrive/getto三者都有"到达"之意。reach是及物动词，后直接加名词，get和arrive是不及物动词，不能直接加名词，须借助于介词。getto后加名词地点，若跟副词地点时，to去掉；arriveat+小地方，arrivein+大地方。如：Lucygottothezoobefore8o'clock.露西8点前到了动物园。\nWhendidyourparentsarriveinShanghai?你父母何时到上海的？ItwaslatewhenIgothome.我到家时天色已晚。11.sick/ill二者都是形容词。当“生病的，患病“之意时，ill只作表语，不作定语；而sick既可作表语也可作定语。sick有"呕吐，恶心"的意思，只能作表语，而ill无此意。如：LiLeiwasilllastweek.(只作表语)李磊上周生病了。He'sasickman.（作定语）他是病人。不能说成：He'sanillman.Mygrandfatherwassickforamonthlastyear.（作表语）我祖父去年病了一个月。12.intime/ontimeintime是"及时"的意思，ontime是"准时，按时"。如：Ididn'tgettothebusstopintime.我没有及时赶上汽车。We'llfinishourjobontime.我们要按时完成任务。13.maybe/maybeItmaybeinyourinsidepocket.=Maybeitisinyourinsidepocket.也许在你里边的口袋里。第一句中maybe是情态动词+be动词构成的谓语部分，意思是"也许是"，"可能是"；第二句中的maybe是副词，意思是"可能"，常位于句首，不能位于句中，相当于另一副词perhaps。再如：Maybeyouputitinthatbag.也许你放在了那只包里。（不能说Youmaybeputitinthatbag.）Itmaybeahat.那可能是顶帽子。（不能说Itmaybeahat.或Itmaybeisahat.）14.noise/voice/soundnoise指嘈杂声，噪音大的吵杂声。voice是指说话的声音，嗓音，嗓子。sound是指耳朵能够听到的声音、闹声等。它是表示声音之意的最普通的字。有时还用作科学上的声音。例如：Don'tmakesomuchnoise!别那么大声喧哗！Ididn'trecognizeJohn'svoiceonthetelephone.在电话里我听不出约翰的声音。Hespokeinalowvoice.他低声说话。Weheardastrangesound.我们听到了一种奇怪的声音。Soundtravelsfast,butlighttravelsfaster.声音传得快，但是光传得更快。【中考范例】1.(2004年长沙市中考试题)---Doyouknowifwewillgotothecinematomorrow?---Ithinkwe’llgoifwe________toomuchhomework.A.willhaveB.hadC.won’thaveD.don’thave【解析】答案：D。该题考查的是条件状语从句的时态。在条件和时间状语从句里通常用一般现在是表示将来的动作。2.(2004年佛山市中考试题)YouhavebeentoTibet,_________?Iwastoldthatthesnow-coveredmountainswereverybeautiful.A.haveyouB.haven’tyouC.don’tyou【解析】答案：B。该题考查的是反意疑问句的构成。反意疑问句的前一部分是肯定句，后一部分就应该是否定的疑问部分，而且要和前一部分保持时态上的一致。3.(2004年扬州市中考试题)---Jacky,lookatthatJapanesesumoist(相扑手).---Wow,______________!\nA.HowafatmanB.WhatafatmanC.HowfatmanD.Whatfatman【解析】答案：B。该题考查的是感叹句的构成。这个感叹句省略了主谓部分，只保留了感叹部分。如果以What开头，就应该是Whatafatman!如果是How开头，就应该是Howfat!4.(2004年福建省泉州市中考试题)---Thanksforyourhelp.---__________________A.Itdoesn’tmatterB.Don’tthankmeC.You’rewelcomeD.That’sright【解析】答案：C。该题考查的是日常交际用语。回答别人的道谢通常用“That’sallright.”或”You’rewelcome.”【满分演练】一.选择填空1.Don’tforget_________yourbookheretomorrow.A.totakeB.tobringC.takingD.bringing2.MrsBrownwenttothecinema,______she?A.didn’tB.doesn’tC.wasn’tD.isn’t3.Itwashalfpastfour.Everything_______ready.A.isB.wasC.areD.were4.---HappyNewYear!---____________.A.ThesametoyouB.I’mgladtohearthatC.I’mveryhappyD.Thankyou.It’sverykindofyou.5.Igotuplateyesterday.There_________notimetohavebreakfast.A.hasB.hadC.wasD.is6.Thankyoufor______metoyourparty.A.inviteB.invitingC.toinviteD.invited7.---I’msorryItookyourpenbymistakeyesterday.---______________.A.AllrightB.That’srightC.RightD.That’sallright8.---Thankyouforshowingmetheway!---________________.A.ThesametoyouB.Itdoesn’tmatterC.It’sapleasureD.That’sright9.---CouldIuseyourcomputerforamoment?---_____________.A.SureB.ReallyC.RightD.Itdoesn’tmatter10.---Ijustlostmybike.---________________.A.IwishyoutobuyanewoneB.You’dbetterbuyanewoneC.I’msorrytohearthatD.It’salwaysnicetorideanewone二.选择能代替句中划线部分的词语或短语1.What’sthematterwithyourmother?\nA.problemB.questionC.messageD.wrong2.---Thankyouverymuch.---It’sapleasure.A.I’mveryglad.B.That’sright.C.Itdoesn’tmatterD.Notatall3.Whatishedoingatthemoment?A.nowB.amomentagoC.lateDlateron4.Didyouhaveagoodtimeattheparty?A.staylongB.singanddanceC.enjoyyourselfD.eatenough5.---MayIspeaktoJohn,please?---Certainly.A.Sure.B.Ithinkso.C.I’dlovetoD.That’sallright.6.---CouldIspeaktoJim,please?---Sorry，heisn’tin.A.isathomeB.isnotatworkC.isoutD.isfree7.Thereisnothingbutanoldtableintheroom.A.manyB.someC.anyD.only8.What’stheweatherlike?A.WhenB.WhereC.whyD.How9.Pleaseletmelookatyourphoto.A.givemeB.passmeC.bringmeD.showme10.Pleaseaskhimtoringmeupwhenhecomesback.A.seeB.helpC.callD.thank三.完形填空WhenI__1__inLondonlastyear,ithadoneofthethickestfogs(雾)inyears.Youcould__2____seeyourhandin__3___ofyourface.Wheneveningfell,itbecameeven__4___.Alltraffic__5___toastop.Idecidedtowalk.Afewminutes__6___,Icouldn’tfindmy__7___.ThenIsawayoungmanandaskedhimtohelpme.Heagreed.AsIwasfollowinghim__8__thestreets,hetoldme,“IknowthispartofLondonquitewell.Andthethickfog___9__tome.Yousee,I’m__10___.”1.A.isB.wasC.amD.are2.A.easilyB.hardC.hardlyD.even3.A.frontB.thefrontC.backD.theback4.A.badB.worseC.goodD.better5.A.beganB.startedC.wentDcame6.A.lateB.laterC.earlyD.earlier7.A.roadB.wayC.streetD.home8.A.alongB.inC.throughD.by9.A.isnotgoodB.doesgoodC.isnothingD.hassomething10.A.strongB.weekC.blindD.clever四.阅读理解(A)Johnwasaveryfamouspianist.Whenhewasasmallboy,heonceplayedatapartyatthehomeofarichman.Hewasonlyeightyearsold.Buthehadplayedforseveralyears.AtthepartyheplayedafamouspiecebyBeethoven(贝多芬).Heplayedwonderfully.Thefamouspiecehasinitseveralverylongrests.Ineachoftheserestshetookhishandsfromthepianoandwaited.Tohimthiswasveryexciting.Butitseemedthatthemotherof\ntherichmanthoughtdifferently.Finallyduringoneoftheserestsshecameovertohim.Shetouchedhimontheheadwithasmileandsaid,“Myboy,whydon’tyouplayuswhatyouknowwell?”根据短文内容判断正误：正确的答“A”，错误的答“B”。1.Johnonceplayedthepianoatapartywhenhewasonlyalittleboy.2.Johnbegantoplaythepianoattheageofeight.3.IneachoftherestsJohntookhishandsfromthepianobecausehefelttired.4.Therichman’smotherdidnotthinkJohnplayedthepiecewell.5.Infactthemotheroftherichmanknewthepiecewell.(B)Oneday,wehadanEnglishclass.Theteachersawaboyreadingapicturebookandsaid,“Tom,whatdoyouusuallydoafterlunch?”Tomnervously(紧张地)gotupfromhisseat,buthedidnotknowwhattoanswer.Hethoughtforsometimeandthensaid,“Waitforsupper.”Theteacherwasdispleasedandjustatthatmoment,hesawanotherboyasleep.Theteacherwasgettingalittleangrynow,buthewastryingnottoshowit.Thenheasked,“Andyou,Joke?”AsJokewasasleep,ofcourse,hecouldnothearwhattheteacherhadsaid.Hisdeskmate(同桌)wokehimup.Jokestoodupquicklyandansweredinaloudvoice,“SodoI”.1.Thisstoryhappened____________.A.intheteacher’sofficeB.afterlunchC.inclassD.ahome2.Tom’sanswermadetheteacher__________.A.angryB.displeasedC.surprisingD.laughing3.TheteacheraskedJoke________.A.whathewantedtodoafterclassB.whathedidinclassC.thesamequestionasheaskedTomD.tohelpTom4.Joke’sanswermeantthat_______.A.heknewwhattodoandwhatnottodoafterlunchB.hedidthesamethingasTomdidC.hereadapicture-bookD.hedidmanythingsafterlunch5.Fromtheabovestorywecanseethat________.A.JokedidnotknowwhatquestiontheteacherhadaskedB.TomdidwellinhislessonsC.JokewasgoodathislessonsD.TomandJokeworkedhardattheirlessons(C)MrsBlack,thewifeofarichbusinessman,invitedsomeofherfriendstohavelunch.Shewantedtotryanewwayofcookingafish,andshewasverypleasedwithherselfwhenthedishwasready.Asthedishwasveryhot,sheputitneartheopenwindowtocoolforafewminutes.But,fiveminuteslater,whenshecamebackforit,shewasshocked(震惊)tofindtheneighbour’scatatthedish.Shewasintimetostopthecar.Thatafternoonwassuccessfulandeveryoneenjoyedthedishverymuch.Theytalkedandlaughedtillfouro’clock.Attheendoftheafternoon,whenshewasaloneagain,MrsBlackfelttiredandhappy.Shewasinachairjustnearthewindow.Shelookedoutofthewindowandshockedtoseetheneighbour’scatdeadinhergarden.Why,thefishdishmustbebad!Whatwouldhappentoherfriends?Sheatoncetelephonedthefamilydoctorfor\nadvice.Thedoctortoldhertotelephoneeachofthevisitorstomeethimatthehospitalassoonashecould.Finallythedangerwasover.OnceagainMrsBlackwasaloneinherchairinthesitting-room,stilltiredbutnolongerhappy.Justthenthetelephonerang.Itwasherneighbour.“Oh,MrsBlack,”herneighbourcried,“Mycatisdead.Shewaskilledbysomeoneinacarandputitinyourgarden.”1.MrsBlackinvited_______tolunch.A.MrBlack’sfriendsB.herneighbourC.herparentsD.someofherfriends2.WhywasMrsBlacknothappyaftershehadagoodparty?A.Shewassadaboutthedeadcat.B.Shefoundherfishdishwasbad.C.Sheneverthoughtthatshewouldhavesomuchtrouble.D.Shefelttiredaftershehadabusyday.3.MrsBlack________________________.A.stoppedthecatbeforeitbegantoeatthefishB.wastoolatetostopthecatintimeC.stoppedthecatbeforeitatethefishupD.stoppedthecatbutitwastoolate4.WhywasMrsBlacksoshockedtoseethecatdeadinhergarden?A.Shelikedthecatverymuch.B.Sheworriedaboutherfriends.C.Shewassurethatherfishwasbad.D.Shedidn’tknowhowthecatdied.5.Finally________________.A.MrsBlackfoundthatallherfriendswereallrightB.avisitortoldherthatthecatwaskilledbysomeoneinacarC.MrsBlackfelthappyasallherfriendsweresafeD.MrsBlackmetallherfriendsatthehospital五.根据汉语句子的意思完成下列英语句子1.收音机里说今天晚些时候雨会停的。Theradiosaystherain________________today.2.我不喜欢冬天，因为天气太冷了。Idon’tlikewinter,_____it’s_________.3.西安位于中国的西北部。Xi’anis______the______ofChina.4.多好吃的面包啊！__________breaditis!5.明天白天温度将保持在零度以上。Thetemperaturewill______________inthedaytimetomorrow.六.句型转换，使第二个句子和第一个句子的意思相近或相同1.Whatahotdaytoday!__________itistoday!2.MostofNorthandSouthChinawillhaveacoldwetday.____willbecoldandwet_____mostofNorthandSouthChina.3.Theradiosaysitwillbecloudysometimes.Theradiosaysitwillbecloudy________.4.Thesnowwillbeheavyinsomeplaces.It_______________insomeplaces.5.Shallwegooutforawalk?__________goingoutforawalk?初二英语（下）【名师讲解】\n1.bring/takeBring表示“带来、拿来”，指从别处朝说话人所在或将在的地方“带来、拿来”。而take则表示“拿去、带走”，它表示的方向与bring相反，指从说话人所在地“拿走、带走”。如：Bringmethebook,please.把那本书给我拿来。Takesomefoodtotheoldman.给那位老人带去些食物。2.somebody/anybody/nobody一般说来，somebody用于定句，anybody用于否定句、疑问句和条件状语从句。例如：Somebodycametoseeyouwhenyouwereout.你出来时有人来见你。Doesanybodyliveonthisisland?有人在这岛上住吗？Ididn'tseeanybodythere.我在那儿谁也没看见。Don'tletanybodyin.I'mtoobusytoseeanybody.别让任何人进来。我太忙，谁也不想见。Thereisnobodyintheroom.房间里没人。Nobodytoldmethatyouwereill,soIdidn'tknowaboutit.谁也没告诉我你病了。所以我不知道。3.listen,listento,hear这三个词意思都是“听”，但是它们的用法不完全相同。它们的区别在于：(1)listen只用于不及物动词，后面接人或人物做宾语，着重于“倾听”，指的是有意识的动作，至于是否听到，并非强调的重点。如：Listen!Someoneissingingintheclassroom.听！有人在教室唱歌。(2)listento为listen的及物形式，后面一定要接人或物做宾语，这里的to是介词。如：Doyoulikelisteningtolightmusic?你喜欢听轻音乐吗？(3)hear可用作及物动词，也可用作不及物动词，意思是“听到、听见”，指用耳朵听到了某个声音，表示无意识的动作，着重于听的能力和结果。如：Wehearwithourears.我们用耳朵听。Shelistensbuthearsnothing.她听了听，但是什么也没有听见。4.many/much/afew/alittle/few/little(1)many修饰可数名词，much修饰不可数名词；都表示许多。例如：Hehasmanybooks.他有许多书。Hedrankmuchmilk.他喝了许多牛奶。(2)afew和alittle都表示"有一点儿"，侧重于肯定，相当于"some"，但afew修饰可数名词，alittle修饰不可数名词，例如：HehasafewfriendsinLondon.他在伦敦有一些朋友。Wouldyoulikesomecoffee?Yes,justalittle.喝点咖啡好吗？好的，只要一点。(3)few和little表示"几乎没有"，侧重否定。few后接可数名词，little后接不可数名词。例如：Heisastrangeman.Hehasfewwords.他是个怪人，他几乎不说什么话。Hurryup,thereislittletimeleft.赶快，没什么时间了。5.either/neither/botheither可作形容词，一般指"两者中的任何一个"。有时也可表示"两个都……"的意思，后跟名词的单数形式；neither:指两者中没有一个，全否定；both\n:指两者都，肯定。句中可作主语、宾语和定语，both后面应跟名词的复数形式。如：Neitherofthefilmsisgood.两部电影都不好。（没有一部是好的）Eitherofthefilmsisgood.两部电影都不错。（谓语动词用单数）Boththeteachersoftenanswerthequestions.这两个老师都常常解答问题。6.takepartin/jointakepartin参加某种活动;join参加，加入某一政党或组织。例如：Canyoutakepartinmyparty.你能来参加我的派对吗？Weoftentakepartinmanyschoolactivities.我们经常参加学校里的一些活动。Hejoinedthepartyin1963.他1963年入的党。Mylittlebrotherjoinedthearmylastyear.我小弟去年参的军。7.quite/rather/very(1)quite表示程度“很，十分，完全地”，“相当”。如：Sheisquiteright.她对极了。That'snotquitewhatIwant.那并不完全是我所要的。(2)rather表示程度上的“相当”，比预想地程度要大，通常用在不喜欢的情况下。如：It'srathercoldtoday.今天的天气相当冷。(3)very表示程度“很，甚，极其，非常”，用于修饰形容词或副词，既可用在喜欢的情况下，也可用于不喜欢的情况下。应注意“avery+形容词+可数名词的单数”结构中，"a"应置于"very"之前，该结构相当“quitea/an+形容词+名词”的结构。如：Twomonthsisquitealongtime./averylongtime.两个月是一段很长的时间。It'saveryniceday/quiteaniceday.今天天气很好。【中考范例】1.(2004年江西省中考试题)---Icalledyouyesterdayevening,buttherewasnoanswer.---Oh,IamsorryI___________dinneratmyfriend’shome.A.haveB.hadC.washavingD.havehad【解析】答案：C。该提考查的是动词的时态。表示过去某一时刻正在进行的动作应用过去进行时。2.(2004年北京市中考试题)---Whichis_________,thesun,themoonortheearth?---Ofcoursethemoonis.A.smallB.smallerC.smallestD.thesmallest【解析】答案：D。该提考查的是形容词的比较等级。三者进行比较，其中最小的应用最高级，而形容词最高级之前必须加顶冠词the。3.(2004年河北省中考试题)Bobneverdoeshishomework_________Mary.Hemakeslotsofmistakes.A.socarefulasB.ascarefullyasC.carefullyasD.ascarefulas【解析】答案：B。该提考查的是形容词和副词的用法区别。空白处所缺的词是修饰动词短语doeshishomework的，应该用副词。另外，表示“某人做事不如某人细心”应用“notascarefullyas”这样的结构。4.(2004年吉林省中考试题)---Ilikeridingfast.It’sveryexciting.---Oh!Youmustn’tdoitlikethat,________itmayhaveanaccident.A.andB.orC.soD.but\n【解析】答案：B。该提考查的是连接并列句的并列连词的选择。And通常连接两个意思一致的并列句，so连接两个有因果关系的并列句，but连接两个有转折关系的并列句，or相当于ifnot意思是“否则”。【满分演练】一.单项选择1.Whojumps________inyourclass?A.farB.fartherC.farthestD.longer2.---Imadethecakeby________.Help__________,Tom.---Thanks,Jane.A.ourselves;yourselfB.myself;yourselfC.myself;yourselvesD.ourselves;yourselves3.There________afootballgameonTVthisafternoon.A.isgoingtohaveB.willbeC.isgoingtoplayD.willplay4.WuDongwas_______tiredthathecouldn'tkeephiseyes_________.A.too,openB.so,closedC.too,closedD.so,open5.Canyouhear__________?A.somethingB.anythingC.nothingD.somebody6.Thestudentsstop__________whentheteachercamein.A.totalkB.talkingC.talkedD.talk7.Itoldhim________story.A.thewholeB.theallC.wholetheD.all8.Please_________earlytomorrow,mum.A.wakeupmeB.wakesmeupC.wakemeupD.willwakemeup9.HewillgototheGreatWallifit__________tomorrow.A.won'trainB.doesn'trainC.don'trainD.isn'training10.Canyoutellus_________?A.wherehaveyougoneB.whereyouhavegoneC.wherehaveyoubeenD.whereyouhavebeen11.LiLei,sitdown,please.I'll________yousometea.A.takeB.tobringC.getD.give12.Don'tforgetto_________yourdictionaryheretomorrow.A.takeB.bringC.carryD.borrow13.Hecouldn'twash________whenhewasfiveyearsold.A.hisB.himC.himselfD.herself14.Whydidyouleaveyourdaughterathomeallby________.A.yourselfB.himselfC.herselfD.myself15.Iboughtmysonabike,_________helikeitalot.A.andB.butC.orD.at\n16._______,LiLeiwasfarbehindtheothersatfirst.A.Atthe800-metreraceB.Inthe800-metresraceC.Inthe800-metrereceD.Atthe800-metresrace17.Myparentsareteachers.They_________teachEnglish.A.BothB.allC.bothD.are18.Kateisan__________girl.A.eight-year-oldB.eight-years-oldC.six-year-oldD.six-years-old19.Whojumped_________ofallinthelongjump?A.longestB.longerC.fartherD.farthest20.Therunnerfell,buthequicklygotupand_______.A.wentonrunningB.wentontorunC.wentonrunD.wentonran二.完型填空MrSmithlefthiscar1hishouseonenight,butwhenhecamedownthenest_2togotohisoffice,hefoundthecar3there.Hecalledthepoliceandtoldthemthe4.Andtheysaidtheymust5himtofindthecar.6MrSmithcamehomefromhisofficethatevening,thecarwasbackagaininitsusual(通常的)place7hishouse,Heexamined(检察)itcarefullytoseeif(是否)itwasdamaged(损坏),andfound8theatre(剧院)ticketsononeoftheseats(座位)andaletter,Itsaid,“Wefeelvery9.Wetookyourcarbecausewehadanmergency(急诊).”MrandMrsSmithwenttothetheatrewiththetwoticketsthenextnightand10themselvesverymuch.Whentheygothome,theyfoundthieves(贼)tookawayeverythingintheirhouse.1.AinsideB.outsideC.fromD.under2.A.eveningB.morningC.afternoonD.night3.A.wasn'tB.wasC.leftD.went4.A.wrongB.matterC.thingD.idea5.A.madeB.letC.helpD.ask6.A.IfB.BecauseC.WhenD.Before7.A.inthefrontofB.infrontofC.onthefrontofD.onfrontof8.A.manyB.noC.twoD.one9.A.sorryB.afraidC.happyD.sad10.A.helpedB.taughtC.hurtD.enjoyed三.阅读理解(A)Doyouliveinacity?Doyouknowhowcitiesbegin?Longago,theworldhadonlyafewthousandpeople.Thesepeoplemovedfromplacetoplace.Theymovedovertheland,hunting(打猎)animalsforfood.Nooneknowshoworwherethesepeoplelearnedaboutgrowingfood.Butwhentheydid,theirlives(生活)changed.Theydidn'thavetolookforfoodanymore.Theycouldstayinoneplaceandgrowit.Peoplebegantolivenearoneanother.Andsothefirstvillagesgrew.Manypeoplecametoworkinthevillage.Thesevillagesgrewverybig.\nWhenmachinescamealong(出现),lifeinthevillageschangedagain.Factorieswerebuilt(建立).Moreandmorepeoplelivednearthefactories.Thecitiesgrewverybig.Today,somepeoplearemovingbacktosmalltowns.Canyoutellwhy?根据短文内容判断正误：正确的答“A”，错误的答“B”。1.Longago,afewpeoplecouldstayinoneplace,huntinganimalsforfood.2.Whenthesepeoplelearnedtogrowfood,theirliveschanged.3.Factorieswerebuiltafterthecitiesgrewbig.4.Today,somepeopledon'tlivetoliveinbigcities.5.Everyoneknowshowandwherecitiesbegan.(B)Almosteveryonelikesdogs,andalmosteveryonelikestoreadstoriesaboutdogs.Ihaveafriend.HehasalargepolicedognamedJack.Policedogsareveryclever.EverySundayafternoonmyfriendtakesJackforalongwalkinthepark.Jackliketheselongwalksverymuch.OneSundayafternoonayoungmancametovisitmyfriend.Hestayedalongtime.Hetalkedandtalked.SoonitwastimeformyfriendtotakeJackforhiswalk.Butthevisitorstillstayed.Jackbecameveryworried.Hewalkedaroundtheroomseveraltimesandthensatdowninfrontofthevisitorandlookedathim.Butthevisitorpaidnotattention.Hewentontalking.FinallyJackgotangry.Hewentoutoftheroomandcamebackafewminuteslater.Hesatdownagaininfrontofthevisitor,butthistimehetookthevisitor'scapinhismouth.1.Theyoungvisitorstayedalongtime,didn'the?__________.A.Yes,hedidB.Yes,hedidn'tC.No,Hedidn'tD.No,hedid.2.Jackbecameveryworriedbecause____________.A.hewantedtohavesomethingtoeatB.hewantedtoplaywithhimC.hewantedtogooutD.hedidn'tknowtheyoungman3.Jacksatdowninfrontofthevisitorbecause_____________.A.hewantedtojointhetalkB.hewantedthevisitortoleaveC.hewantedthevisitortotalkwithhimD.hewantedtoshowthevisitorhowcleverhewas4.Thevisitorwentontalkingand________________.A.hedidn'tlikeJackB.hepaidnoattentiontoJackC.hepaidnoattentiontohiscapD.hedidn'tcarethathiscapwashiscapwastakenawaybyJack5.Jackwentoutoftheroomwithnothing,butcamebackwith________inhismouth.A.something\nB.nothingC.thevisitor'scapD.thevisitor'sshoe(C)MrWhiteandhiswifewantedtopaint(油漆)theoutsideoftheirhouse.Tosave(节省)moneytheywantedtodoitthemselves.OnSaturdaymorningtheyboughtsomepaintandtwobrushes(刷子).Theybeganthatafternoonwiththebackolthehouse.ThenextSaturdayMrWhitewenttoafootballmatch(比赛)buthiswifepaintedthefrontofthehouse.OnSundaytheyfoundtheycouldn'topenanyofthefrontwindows.Theygotthemallopenintheend.Buttheybrokethreeoftheseven.Theywereverydeartomend.Nexttimewhentheywanttosavemoneythey’llcertainlyasksomebodytodothework.l.MrWhitewantedtopaint___________________.A.thefrontofthehouseB.thebackofthehouseC.thefrontwindowsD.theoutsideofthehouse2.Theywantedtodotheworkthemselvesbecause_________________.A.thewindowswereveryeasytobreakB.thewindowswereveryhardtoopenC.nobodycoulddothisworkwellD.theydidn'twanttogivemoremoney3.Theworklastedforabout___________________.A.twodaysB.lessthanaweekC.threedaysD.morethanaweek4.Theyhavetoasksomebodytomendthe________________windows.A.threeB.fourC.fiveD.seven5.NexttimetheywillasksomebodytoworkforthembecauseA.theywanttogotofootballmatchesB.itisnolongeraninterestingthingforthemC.theyhavenomorepaintandbrushesD.theyreallywanttosavesomemoney四.据句意，用方框中所给词或短语填空A.catchupwithF.amomentlaterB.fellbehindG.passing…ontoC.gettingreadytoH.AtthesametimeD.droppedI.neckandneckE.OnthefirstlapJ.won1._________________theboysandthegirlspassedtheballtoeachother.2.Theteachershoutedtotherunners_______________,“Comeon!Comeon!”3.TheClass4runnerfelland___________________theothers.4.Themonkeyis___________thehat_____________theothersmallmonkeys.5.Whataretheydoing?They’re_______________dosomecleaning.\n6.TherunnerfromClass2_____________hisslick.Badluck.7.LingFengandJimwere__________________atfirst.8.____________________thestudentsranveryfast,butonthesecondlaptheyweretootiredtoranfarther.9.Look!TheshortgirlfromClass3isbeginningto______________thegirlsinfront.10.AtlastClassOne____________________theboys’relayrace.五.完成句子1.英语是我班最受欢迎的科目之一。Englishis_____________inourclass.2．请把这只盒子带到办公室去。Please__________totheoffice.3．我们应该向雷锋同志学习。Weshould_____________comradeLeiFeng.4．她正打算去看电影。She_________seeafilm.5．莉莉于1987年6月29日出生在上海。Lily_______________.6．见到你我很高兴。I_________toseeyou.7．看上去她不舒服。Sheseems__________sell.8．他也喜欢开妹妹的玩笑。Healsolikesto__________hisyoungersister.9．我很难算出这道题。Itishardformeto_________theproblem.10．你能确定他拿了第一名吗？_______________hegotthefirstprize?初三年级（上）【名师讲解】1.Maybe/maybe(1)maybe是副词，意思是“大概，也许”，常用作状语。Maybeyouputitinyourbag.也许你把它放在包里了。“Willhecometomorrow?”“Maybenot.”  “他明天来吗？”“也许不”。(2)maybe相当于是情态动词may与be动词搭配一起作谓语，意思是“也许是…，可能是…”。Itmaybe9:00whentheyarrive.他们可能于九点到达。Themanmaybealawyer.那人也许是律师。2.borrow/lend/keep/use(1)borrow表示的是从别人那里借来东西，即我们通常所说的“借进来”。Weoftenborrowbooksfromourschoollibrary.我们经常从学校图书馆借书。Iborrowedthisdictionaryfrommyteacher.我从老师那儿借来了这本字典。borrow是一个瞬间完成的动作，因此不能与时间段连用。Youcanborrowmyrecorderforthreedays.(错误)Ihaveborrowedthisbookforonlyoneweek.(错误)\n(2)lend表示的是把自己的东西借给别人，即我们通常所说的“借出去”。Thankyouforlendingmeyourbike.谢谢你把自行车借给我。Heoftenlendsmoneytohisbrother.他经常借钱给他弟弟。lend与borrow一样，也是一个瞬间完成的动作，不能与一段时间连用。(3)keep的意思也是“借”，但一般是指借来后的保存或使用阶段，是一段持续的时间，因此可以与时间段连用。Youcankeepmyrecorderforthreedays.我的录音机你可以借用三天。Ihavekeptthisbookforonlyoneweek.这本书我才刚借了一星期。(4)use也可以当“借用”讲，但它的本意是“用，使用”。MayIuseyourruler?我能借你的尺子用一下吗？Hehadtousethispublictelephone.他不得不使用这部公用电话。3.leave/leavefor(1)leave意思是“离开，留下”。WeleftShanghaitwoyearsago.我们两年前离开了上海。Helefthiscellphoneinthetaxilastweek.他上周把手机落在出租车里了。(2)leavefor意思是“前往”，表示要去的目的地。WewillleaveforTibetnextmonth.我们将于下月去西藏。ThetrainisleavingforMoscow.这趟火车即将开往莫斯科。4.since/for(1)since用于完成时态，既能用作介词，也能用作连词，后常接时间点，意思是“自从”。Hehasbeenaworkersincehecameintothiscity.自从他来到这个城市，他就是工人了。IhaveneverseenhimsincewelastmetinShanghai.自从我们上次在上海见过之后，我再也没见过他。since作连词，还有“既然”的意思。Sinceyouareinterestedinit,justdoit.  既然你对它感兴趣，那就做吧。Youcanhavefunnowsinceyou’vefinishedyourwork.既然你已经做完了功课，就开心玩会儿吧。(2)for用于完成时，用作介词，后常接一段时间，意思是“经过…”。IhavelearnedEnglishforfiveyears.我已经学了五年英语了。Theyhavewaitedforyoufor30minutes.他们已经等了你三十分钟了。for也可以用作连词，但意思是“因为”。Theymissedtheflightfortheywerelate.他们由于完到了而误了航班。Hefellillformanyreasons.他由于多种原因病倒了。5.neither/either/both(1)neither作代词是对两者都进行否定，意思为“两者都不”，作主语时谓语动词用单数.NeitheroftheboysisfromEngland.这两个男孩都不是来自英国。Iknowneitherofthem.他们两个我都不认识。\nneither用作形容词，也修饰单数名词，意思与作代词时相同；用作连词时，一般与nor搭配，表示“既不…也不”。作主语时，谓语动词也遵循就近原则。Sheneitheratenordrankyesterday.她昨天既不吃也不喝。NeitherhenorweplayfootballonSundays.  他和我们星期天都不踢球。(2)either作代词时，是指两者中的任意一方,(两者之)每一个，故作主语时谓语动词用单数.Eitherofthebooksisnew.这两本书任何一本都是新的.Shedoesn’tlikeeitherofthefilms.这两部电影她都不喜欢.either作形容词,用来修饰单数名词,意思与作介词时相同.  Eitherschoolisnearmyhome.   (这两所学校中的)任何一所学校都离我家很近.Eitherquestionisdifficult.两个问题(中的任何一个)都难.either作连词时,一般与or搭配,表示两者选其一，意思是“不是…就是”。作主语时，谓语动词遵循就近原则。EitherheorIamright.不是他就是我是对的。Eithermysisterormyparentsarecomingtoseeme.不是我姐姐就是我父母要来看我。(3)both作代词时，指的是所涉及到的“两者都”,故作主语时,谓语动词用复数形式。Ilikebothofthestories.这两个故事我都喜欢。Bothofmyparentsareteachers.我父母两人都是老师。both作形容词时，用来修饰两者,意思与作代词时相同.Bothhisarmsarehurt.他的两只胳膊都受伤了。BoththesestudentsaregoodatEnglish.这两个学生都擅长英语。both用作连词时，多与and搭配，表示“既…又,不仅…而且”,作主语时,谓语动词仍用复数形式。Bothpianoandviolinaremybobbies.钢琴和小提琴都是我的爱好。Theystudybothhistoryandphysics.他们既学历史，又学物理。6.find/lookfor/findout(1)find强调找的结果，意思是“找到”。此外还有“发现，发觉”的意思，后可接宾语从句。Jimcouldn’tfindhishat.吉姆找不着帽子了。Haveyoufoundyourlostkeys?你找到丢失的钥匙了吗？Hefoundthelightswereonalongthestreet.他发现沿街的灯都亮了(2)lookfor的意思为“寻找”，指的是找的动作而非结果。另外，还有“盼望，期待”的意思。Sheislookingforherson.她正在找她的儿子。We’vebeenlookingforthecarsinceearlythismorning.我们从今天一大早就开始找这辆车了。Ilookforthecomingholiday.我期待着即将来临的假期。(3)findout含有经过观察、研究或探索而得知的意思，后常接较抽象的事物，意思是“找出，发现，查明（真相）”等。Icanfindoutwhotookmymoneyaway.我能查出谁拿了我的钱。Couldyoufindoutwhentheplanearrives?你能设法知道飞机何时到吗？7.forgettodo/forgetdoing\n(1)forgettodo是指忘记去做某件事了，即该事还没有做。Pleasedon’tforgettocallthisafternoon.今天下午不要忘了给我打电话。Iforgottotakesomesmallchangewithme.我身上忘了带零钱了。(2)forgetdoing是指忘记某件已经做过的事情，即该事已经做了，但被忘记了。Heforgottellingmehisaddress.他忘了告诉过我地址了。Theyforgothavingbeenherebefore.他们忘了以前曾来过这儿。8.stopdoing/stoptodo(1)stopdoing是指停止做某事，即doing这个动作不再继续。Theystoppeddebating.他们停止了辩论。（不辩论了）Hehadtostopdrivingasthetrafficlightschangedintored.由于交通灯变成了红色，他不得不停车。(2)stoptodo是指停下来开始做另一件事，即停止原先的事，开始做do这个动作。Shestoppedtohavearest.她停下来休息会儿。（开始休息）Theystoppedtotalk.他们停下来开始交谈。9.except/besides(1)except是指不包括后面所提人或物在内的“除了”，可以理解为“撇开…不谈”,表示两部分的不同。Everyoneisexcitedexceptme.除我以外的每个人都很激动。（他们激动，而我却不激动）AllthevisitorsareJapaneseexcepthim.除他以外的所有游客都是日本人。（其他人是日本人，可他不是）(2)besides是包括后面所提人或物在内的“除了”，可以理解为“除之外…还、除之外…又”，表示两部分的相似性。Twenty-fivestudentswenttothecinemabesideshim.除他以外，还有25个学生去看了电影。(他和另外25人都去了)WelikebiologybesidesEnglish.除了英语外，我们还喜欢生物。（生物和英语都喜欢）besides还可用作副词，意思是“此外；而且”，常用于句首或句尾。Heisagreatthinker,andbesides,heisapolitician.他是一名伟大的思想家，除此以外，他还是一位政治家。Theyencouragedme,andtheysupportedmewithmoney,besides.他们不仅鼓励我，而且与我以金钱上的支持。10.keepdoing/keepondoing(1)keepdoing指的是连续地、坚持不断地做某事，中间不间断。Itkeptblowingforawholeday.刮了一整天风了。Thetemperaturekeepsdropping.温度持续下降。(2)keepondoing是指反复坚持做某事，但动作之间略有间隔。Theyhavekeptonwritingtoeachotherformanyyears.他们已经互相通信多年了。Afterdrinkingsomewater,hekeptontalking.喝了一些水后，他坚持讲话。\n11.seem/look　(1)seem一般着重于以客观迹象为依据，意思是“似乎、好象、看起来…”。Thebabyseemstobehappy.婴儿看上去似乎很高兴。Heseemedtobesorryforthat.他似乎为那件事感到抱歉。seem能与todo结构连用，而look不能。Itseemstorain.似乎要下雨了。Theyseemedtohavefinishedtheirwork.他们似乎已经完成了工作。在it作形式主语的句型中只能用seem。Itseemsthatheisquitebusynow.他现在看起来很忙。Itseemstousthatthereisnothingserious.在我看来没什么大不了的。(2)look用作“看起来；好像”时，常从物体的外观或样貌上来判断，是以视觉所接受的印象为依据的。Theroomlooksclean.这间房看起来很干净。Thegirllookslikehermother.那女孩看起来向她的妈妈。12.such/so(1)such常用作形容词，用来修饰名词。Don’tbesuchafool.别这么傻。Heissuchacleverboy.他是如此聪明的一个男孩。(2)so是副词，用来修饰形容词或副词。Heissokind!他真好心！Whydidyoucomesolate?你为何回来得如此晚？当名词前有many,much,few,little等表示多、少时，应该用so。Hehassomanyfriends.他有如此多的朋友。Onlysolittletimeisleft!才剩这么一点儿时间！13.either/too/also(1)either用作“也”时是副词，常用于否定句句尾。SheisnotaJapanese,I’mnot,either.她不是日本人，我也不是。Mysisterdoesn’tlikethissong,either.我妹妹也不喜欢这首歌。(2)too常用于肯定句或疑问句尾，表示“也”。HelikesChina,too.他也喜欢中国。AreyouinGrade3,too?你也在三年级吗？(3)also也常用于肯定句或疑问句，但一般位于句中。Wearealsostudents.我们也是学生。Healsowentthereonfoot.他也是走着去的。Didyoualsowanttohavealook?你也想看看吗？14.if/whether在下列情况下只能用whether而非if：(1)与ornot连用时，只能用whether.Wewanttoknowwhetheryouareillornot.我们想知道你是否生病了。Pleasetellmewhetherornotyouhavefinishedyourwork.请告诉我们你是否完成了工作。\n(2)后接动词不定式时，只能用whether.Adamdidn’tknowwhethertogoorstay.亚当不知道是走还是留。Hehasn’tdecidedwhethertohavedinnerwithme.他还没决定是否和我共进晚餐。(3)所引导的宾语从句放在主句之前时，只能用whether.Whetheritwillrainorsnow,wedon’tmind.我们不在乎将要刮风还是下雨。WhetherIwonorlost,shedidn’twanttoknow.我是赢是输她不想知道。(4)引导主语从句或表语从句时，一般用whether.Themostimportantwaswhethertheyhadgone.最重要的是他们是不是已经走了。Whetherhewillgowithmeisasecret.他是否会和我一起去还是个秘密。if能引导条件状语从句，表示“如果，假如”，而whether没有此用法。We’llhaveafootballmatchifitdoesn’traintomorrow.如果明天不下雨，我们要进行足球赛。I’lltellhimifIseeshim.我看见他就告诉他。Ifyou’reindanger,pleasecall110.如果你遇到危险，请拨打110。15.cost/spend/pay/take(1)cost一般用某物来做主语，表示“（某物）值…、花费…”，既能指花费时间也能指金钱。Thenewbikecostsme300yuan.这辆新自行车花了我三百元。Itwillcostyouawholetoreadthroughthisbook.通读这本书将会花费你整整一周时间。cost还可以用作名词，表示“成本、费用、价格、代价”等。What’sthecostofthisTVset?这台电视机的成本是多少钱？Theysucceededatthecostofhardwork.他们辛苦地工作换来的成功。(2)spend一般用某人来作主语，表示“（某人）花费…，付出…”，也能指时间或金钱，指时间时常与　in搭配，指金钱时常与on或for搭配。Wespenttwodaysinrepairingthismachine.我们花了两天时间修理这台机器。Mr.Leespends$20onbookseverymonth.李先生每月花二十美元在书上。(3)pay用作动词时，一般也以某人作主语，但一般指花钱、付款等，很少用来指花费时间。常与for搭配使用。Theypaid70yuanforthetickets.他们花了七十元买票。Hewastoopoortopayforhisschooling.他穷得交不起学费。pay还可以用作名词，意思为“薪水、工资”等。It’shardformetolivewithsuchlowpay.我很难靠这么低的薪水生活下去。(4)take也指“花费(时间、金钱)”，但通常用某事、某物做主语，或用形式主语it.Howlongwillthemeetingtake?会议要开多久？Ittookmeseveralhourstogetthere.我花了几个小时才到那儿。16.bad/badly\n这两个词的意思含有“坏、糟、严重”等意思，且它们有共同的比较级worse和最高级worst。(1)bad是一个形容词，意思是“坏的，糟糕的，差的，严重的”。Idon’tthinkheisabadperson.我并不认为他是一个坏人。Ihadabadheadache.我的头疼得很厉害。(2)badly是一个副词，意思是“不好地，差”，也可以表示程度，意为“严重地，非常，极度”。Weneedhelpbadly.我们急需帮助。Hisarmwasbadlyhurt.他的胳膊严重受伤了。17.interested/interesting(1)interested是指“对…产生兴趣的，对…感兴趣的”，一般用人做主语，后常用介词in.Hewasinterestedinbiologybefore.他以前对生物感兴趣。I’mnotinterestedinart.我对艺术不感兴趣。(2)interesting的意思是“有趣的”，指能够给人带来兴趣的某人或某事物。Heisaninterestingoldman.他是个有趣的老头。Theinterestingstoryattractedme.  这个有趣的故事吸引了我。18.dead/die/death/dying(1)dead是形容词，意思为“死了的、无生命的”，表示状态，可以与一段时间连用。Thetreehasbeendeadfortenyears.这棵树死了有十年了。Therabbitsarealldead.这些兔子都是死的。(2)die是动词，意思为“死、死亡”，是一个瞬间动词，不能与一段时间连用。Mygrandpadiedtwoyearsago.我爷爷两年前去世了。Theoldmandiedofcancer.老人死于癌症。(1)death是名词，意思为“死亡、去世”等。Thememorialhallwasbuiltoneyearafterhisdeath.他死后一年，纪念馆建成了。Hisdeathisagreatlosstous.他的死是我们的巨大损失。(4)dying是die的现在分词，用作形容词，意思是“垂死的、即将死去的”。Thedoctorshavesavedthedyingman.医生们救活了那个垂死的人。Thepoordoghadnofood,itwasdying.可怜的狗没有食物,快要饿死了。【中考范例】1.（2004年北京市海淀区中考试题）---Doyouknow________________?---Onlytenmonthsold.A.whendoesTigerWoodsstartgolfingB.whendidTigerWoodsstartgolfingC.whenTigerWoodsstartsgolfingD.whenTigerWoodsstartedgolfing【解析】答案：D。该题考查的是宾语从句的时态和语序。这个宾语从句的时态应用一般过去时，应为这里说的是过去的事情。语序应用陈述句的语序，所以正确答案是:whenTigerWoodsstartedgolfing。2.（2004年北京市海淀区中考试题）\nI’minterestedinanimals,soI_____________everySaturdayworkinginananimalhospital.A.payB.getC.takeD.spend【解析】答案：D。该题考查的是pay,get,take和spend这四个动词的用法区别。只有动词spend可以用在sb.spendstimedoingsth.这个句型里，所以正确答案影视spend。3.（2004年天津市中考试题）CouldI________yourtelephone?Ihavesomethingimportanttotellmyparents.A.keepB.borrowC.useD.lend【解析】答案：C。该题考查的是keep,borrow,use和lend四个动词的用法区别。keep的真正含义是“保留”，borrow的含义是“借入”，lend的含义是“借出”，只有use的含义是“使用”。在这个句子里实际上是“使用”的意思，所以应选use。4.（2004年鄂州市中考试题）---Hi,Ann.Where’syourbrother?Ineedhishelp.---Helefthometwoweeksagoand________awayeversince.A.isB.wasC.hasbeenD.hadbeen【解析】答案：C。该题考查的是动词时态的用法区别。一般现在时表示经常发生的动作或现在所处的状态；一般过去时表示过去的动作或过去所处的状态；过去完成时表示过去的动作或过去的时间以前发生的事情；现在完成时表示动作或状态从过去某一时间开始一直延续到现在或刚刚结束。这里只能用现在完成时。【满分演练】一.单项填空1.MrGreenaskedthechildrento_____thewordsinthedictionary.A.lookatB.lookupC.lookforD.lookafter2.MayI_____yourbike?Certainly,butyoucan't_____ittoother.A.lend,lendB.borrow,lendC.borrow,borrowD.lend,borrow3.MrBrown_____inChinasince20yearsago.A.workedB.worksC.isworkingD.hasworked4.There______bemanytreesheretwoyearsago.A.isB.areC.usetoD.usedto5.NeithermybrothernorI____adoctor.　A.isB.amC.areD.be6.____ofmyparents____watchingTY.A.Both,likesB.Either,likeC.Neither,likeD.Neither,likes7.Ireallydon'tknow____next.Canyoutellme?A.howtodoB.whattodoC.howwillIdoitD.whattodoit8.Hehaslivedhere___1965.A.sinceB.forC.inD.from9.Ifyouaretired,pleasestop___arest.A.havingB.haveC.tohaveD.has10.Shehasnevercometothefarmbefore,_____she?A.hasB.hasn'tC.doesD.doesn't11.Itis____bookthatIhave____ittwice.A.suchaninteresting…seenB.soaninteresting…readC.sointeresting…looked   D.suchaninteresting…read12.Thedoctorwasbusy____ontheboyatthat\ntime.A.operateB.tooperateC.operatedD.operating13.Thepolicemantoldthechildren_____playinthestreet.A.didn'tB.tonotC.nottoD.don't14.Motherreturnedhome_____earlierthanFatherthatevening.A.veryB.tooC.moreD.much15.Iwon'tgotoseethefilmtonight,becauseI______myticket．A.lostB.havelostC.willloseD.didn'tlose二.完形填空Childrenliketocopy(模仿)whattheyhear.Theycopytheirparents，theirfriendsandeventheTV.Thisteachesthemhowtospeakthelanguage.Copyingalsodoesgoodtostudentsofasecond____1______.WhenyoulistentoforeignersspeakEnglish，_____2_____whattheysayasloudlyasyoucan.Childrendon’tpractisegrammar,butusethelanguageto____3_____thatintereststhem.Theydon’t____4_____theirvocabularyorpoorgrammar.Theyfindwaysto____5_____themselves，andtheydoitsuccessfully.StudentsofEnglishshouldalsopaytheirattentionto______6______.LookforchancestotalkwithpeopleinEnglish.Ifyoucan’tfinda____7____totalkto,talkwithotherstudentsofEnglishinstead._____8_____anEnglishdiscussionandtalkaboutmusic,moviesorwhatever_____9_____you.Don’tworryabout_____10___.Theobjective(目标)istoearnhowtocommunicate(交流)easilyandcomfortably.Rememberthatyoucancommunicatesuccessfullyevenwithasmallvocabulary.1.A.yearB.gradeC.languageD.country2.A.repeatB.hearC.believeD.remember3.A.writelettersB.keepdiariesC.talktopeopleD.talkaboutthings4.A.lookforB.complainaboutC.laughatD.goover5.A.enjoyB.helpC.relaxD.express6.A.grammarB.vocabularyC.communicationD.English7.A.foreignerB.topicC.chanceD.visitor8.A.StartB.BuildC.UseD.Make9.A.understandsB.interestsC.improvesD.allows10.A.lessonsB.examsC.wastingtimeD.makingmistakes三.阅读理解(A)Wecanseewallseverywhereintheworld.ButtheGreatWallofChinaisthebiggestofall.TheChinesecallit"TheTen-thousand-LiGreatWall".Itisinfactmorethan6,000kilometreslong.Itis4-5metreswide.Inmostplaces,fivehorsesortenmencanwalksidebyside.WhenyouvisittheGreatWall,youcan'thelpwonderinghowtheChinesepeoplewereabletobuildsuchagreatwallthousandsofyearsago.Withoutanymodernmachine,itwasreallyverydifficulttobuildit.Theyhadtodoalltheworkbyhand.Ittookmillionsofmenhundredsofyearstobuildit.TheGreatWallhasahistoryofovertwothousandyears.Thekingsbegantobuildthefirstpartsofitaroundtwothousandsevenhundredyearsago.ThenQinShihuanghadallthewallsjoinedup.Hethoughtthatcouldkeeptheenemyoutofthecountry.\nTodaytheGreatWallhasbecomeaplaceofinterest.NotonlyChinesepeoplebutalsopeoplefromallovertheworldcometovisitit.1.TheGreatWallisthebiggestofallwallsin_________.A.ChinaB.EuropeC.theworldD.Asia(亚洲)2.HowlongistheGreatWall?A.It'slessthansixhundredkilometres.B.It'soversixmillionkilometres.C.It'ssixthousandkilometres.D.It'smorethansixthousandkilometres.3.Ittook_____men______yearstobuildtheGreatWall.A.millions;millionsB.hundredsof;hundredsofC.millionsof;hundredsofD.hundredsof;millionsof4.TheGreatWallwasbuilt______________.A.bypeopleallovertheworldB.withoutanymodernmachinesC.withsomeothercountries'helpD.byallChinesekings5.QinShihuangthoughttheGreatWallcould_________.A.keeptheenemyoutofhiscountryB.keephisbodyinitC.bevisitedbyallthepeopleD.makehiscountrybeautiful(B)In776B.C.thefirstOlympicGameswereheldatthefootofMountOlympustohonorGreeks'chiefgod,Zeus(向希腊主要神祗宙斯献礼).TheGreekspraised(注重)physicalfitnessandstrengthintheireducationofyouth.Therefore,running,boxing,horse-racing,discusthrowingandsoonwereheldineachcityandthewinnerscompetedeveryfouryearsatMountOlympus.Winnersweregreatlyhonoredbyhavingolivewreaths(橄榄枝花环)placedontheirheadsandhavingpoemssungabouttheirdeeds.Originally(起初)thesewereheldasgamesoffriendship,andanywarsthatweregoingonwerestoppedtoallowthegames.TheGreeksregardedthesegamesassoimportantthattheycountedtimeinfour-yearcyclescalled"Olympiads"datingfrom776B.C.1.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?A.ThefirstOlympicGameswereheldtocelebrate.B.Winnersweregreatlyhonoredbyhavingolivewreathsplacedontheirheads.C.Battleswerestoppedtoletthegamestakeplace.D.Poemsweresunginthehonorofwinners.2Nearlyhowmanyyearsagodidthesegamesstart?A.776years.B.1250years.C.2278years.D.2760years.3.Whichofthefollowingmatcheswasnotmentionedinthepassage?A.DiscusthrowingB.BoxingC.SkatingD.Running4.WhatconclusioncanwereachabouttheancientGreeks?A.Theylikedtofight.B.Theywereverygoodatsports.C.Theylikedalotofceremony(仪式).D.Theycouldn'tcount,sothattheyused"Olympiads"fordates.\n(C)OverthirtythousandyearsagopeoplefromnorthernAsiawenttoAmerica.Today,wecallthesepeopleIndians.TheIndianswenttoAmericabecausetheweatherbegantochange.NorthernAsiabecameverycold.Everythingfroze.Theyhadtomoveordie.HowdidthefirstIndiansgotoAmerica?Theywalked!LaterColumbusfoundtheNewWorldin1492.Atfirst,onlyafewEuropeansfollowed.TheytraveledtoAmericainboats.Forthenextthreehundredyears,about500,000peoplewentthere.Thenthenumbergrewveryquickly.From1815to1915,overthirty-twomillionEuropeanslefttheircountriesandwenttotheUnitedStates.ThebiggestgroupswerefromGermanyandItaly.TheseEuropeansspokemanydifferentlanguages.Mostofthemtookalmostnomoney.TheywenttoAmericasothattheycouldfindabetterlife.1.__________wenttoAmericafirst.A.PeoplefromnorthernAsiaB.PeoplefromEuropeC.PeoplefromGermanyD.Columbus2.WhydidtheIndiansgotoAmerica?Because________.A.northernAsiabecameveryhotB.northernAsiabecameverycoldC.theywereinterestedinAmericaD.theylikedtraveling3.TheNewWorldwas___________.A.ItalyB.northernAsiaC.GermanyD.America4.ThefirstEuropeanswenttoAmerica_______________.A.byshipB.bybikeC.byboatD.bytrain5.TheseEuropeans______________.A.didn'tspeakthesamelanguageB.spokeEnglishonlyC.spokeGermanonlyD.spokebothEnglishandGerman6.TheEuropeanswenttoAmericainorderto_________.A.findtheNewWorldB.findabetterlifeC.buildmoreboatsD.learnEnglish四.补全对话:给下面对话的空白处填上适当的词，使对话通顺，符合逻辑。(JimandHanLiaretalkingaboutthecomingsummerholiday.)Ben:Hello,Hanli,whereareyougoingforyoursummerholiday?HanLi:I'm___1___sure.I'mthinking___2___goingtoGuilin.Whatabout\nyou?Ben:I'mgoingtoChongqingandWuhan___3___myparents.HanLi:___4___areyougoingthere?Ben:Firstwe'llflytoWuhan,andthengotoChongqing___5___ship.HanLi:That'sagoodidea.I'msureyou'llenjoyit.Wishyouapleasantjourney!Ben:Thankyou!五.完成句子:根据汉语句子的意思，完成下列英语句子。1.你为什么把收音机开这么大声？______doyouturnyourradiosoloud_____?2.整个会议将持续3个小时。Thewholemeetingwill____________3hours.3.我们都喜欢跟那只小狗玩。Wealllike____________withthedog.4.很抱歉，我没有带食物。I'msorry,Idon't______anyfood______me.5.你的新录音机是什么样？What______yournewrecorder______?6.谢谢你告诉我这个消息。Thankyou____________methenews.7.昨晚他们直到十一点才停止谈话。They______stoptalking______11o'clocklastnight.8.这是一封露茜写给小帆的信。Thisisaletter______Lucy______Xiaofan.初三年级（中）【名师讲解】1.beableto/can(1)都能表示“能够，具备干某件事的能力”这个含义，此时可以互换。Mr.Greenisabletofinishtheworkontime.=Mr.Greencanfinishtheworkontime.格林先生能够按时完成这项工作。(2)beableto可以用于各种时态，而can为情态动词，多用于现在时，其过去式为could。Wearesurehewillbeabletobeanartistwhenhegrowsup.我们相信他长大后能够成为一名画家。MissLinhasbeenabletopaythecarbyherself.林小姐已经能够自己负担那辆车了。(1)Can除了表示“能够，有能力做某事”以外，还有如下用法，而beableto则没有。表示请求，但语气没有could委婉CanIhavealookatthispicture?我能看看这张图片吗？Canweleaveschoolafter6:00p.m.?我们可以在下午6点之后再离开学校吗？\n表示可能性。Thatmancan’tbeournewteacher.那人不可能是我们的新老师。Theexamcan’tbetoodifficult.考试不会太难。2.bring/take/carry/fetch(1)bring一般是指拿来，即从别处往说话人这里拿，翻译成“带来”。Hebroughtussomegoodnews.他给我们带来了一些好消息。Pleasedon’tforgettobringyourhomeworktomorrow.明天请别忘了把家庭作业带来。(2)take一般是指从说话人这里往别处拿，翻译成“带走”。Pleasetaketheumbrellawithyou.It’sgoingtorain.要下雨了，请把伞带上。Shetookthedictionaryaway.她把字典拿走了。(3)carry不强调方向，表示“携带、背着、运送、搬扛”等意思。Theycarriedtheboxesintothefactory.他们把箱子搬进了工厂。Ataxicarriedthemtothestation.出租车送他们到了车站(4)fetch表示的是“去取来、去拿来、去叫来”等意思，包含去和来两趟。Thewaiterfetchedthemsomeapples.侍者为他们取来了一些苹果。Motherfetchedthedoctorforherillson.妈妈为生病的儿子请来了医生。3.whole/all(1)whole强调一个完整如一，互不分割的整体。Thewholecountryissufferingthewar.整个国家正遭遇战争。Ijustwanttoknowthewholestory.我仅仅只想知道完整的故事。whole在句中的位置是放在所有格，冠词和指示代词的之后。TheywillspendtheirwholeholidayinCanada.他们将到加拿大渡过整个假期。（所有格后）Shehasfinishedwritingthewholebook.  她已经写完了整本书。（冠词后whole用来修饰可数名词（名词用单数）。Heatethewholecake.他把整个蛋糕都吃了。（强调整整一个蛋糕）(2)all强调由一个个部分组成的“全部”。MissGreenknewallthestudentsintheclass.格林小姐认识这个班上的所有人。（一个一个全认识）all在句中的位置是放在所有格，定冠词和指示代词的之前。Jimfinishedallhishomeworkintwentyminutes.吉姆在20分钟之内完成了所有的作业。（所有格前）Ofalltheboyshere,hesingsbest.在这里所有的男孩之中，他唱的最好。（定冠词前）Theboycananswerallthesequestions.那个男孩能够回答所有的这些问题。（指示代词前）all既能修饰可数名词（名词须用复数），又能修饰不可数名词。Allthesefivebooksaremine.这五本书都是我的。（修饰可数名词）Shewasworriedabouthersonallthetime.她总在为她的儿子担心。（修饰不可数名词）4.fill/full\n(1)fill常作动词，与with连用，意思是“注满、装满”，也能表示“填空；补缺”的意思。Hefilledtheboxwithchalk.他把粉笔装满了盒子。Thebucketisfilledwithwater.水桶里装满了水。(2)full是形容词，翻译成“满的，装满的”，常与of连用。此外还能表示“完全的”和“吃饱的，过饱的”。Alltheroomsarefullofpeople.所有的房间都满人了。Thebuswasfull.Hehadtowaitforthenextone.这辆车人满了，他只有等下一辆。5.bemadeof/bemadefrom/bemadein/bemadeinto(1)bemadeof表示"由…制成",一般指能够看出原材料，或发生的是物理变化。Thistableclothismadeofpaper.这张桌布是由纸做的。Thissaladismadeofapplesandstrawberries.这种沙拉是由苹果和草莓做的。(2)bemadefrom也表示"由…制成"，但一般指看不出原材料，或发生的是化学变化。Breadismadefromcorn.面包是小麦做的。Thelifeboatismadefromsomespecialmaterial.这个救生艇是由某种特殊材料制成的。(3)bemadein指的是产地，意思为"于…制造"。ThecapsaremadeinRussia.这些帽子产于俄罗斯。MymotherlikestobuythingswhicharemadeinChina.我妈妈喜欢买中国产的东西。(4)bemadeinto的意思为"被制成为…"。Thispieceofwoodwillbemadeintoasmallbench.这块木头将要被制成一个小凳。Thepaperhasbeenmadeintoclothesforthedoll.纸被做成了洋娃娃的衣服。6.none/noone/neither(1)none既能指人，又能指物，意思是"没有一个，无一"，常用作代词，与of连用。Noneofushasheardofhimbefore.我们没有一个人以前听说过他。Ilikenoneofthecoats.那些外套我一件都不喜欢。none用作主语时，谓语动词用单复数皆可。Noneoftheanswersistrue.没有一个答案是正确的。Noneoftheroomsaremine.没有一间房子是我的。(2)noone只能用来指人，且不能与of连用。Nooneisabsent.没有人缺席。Iknewnoonethere.那里我一个人也不认识。noone用作主语时，谓语动词只能用单数。Nooneagreeswithyou.没有人同意你的说法。(3)neither作代词是对两者都进行否定，意思为"两者都不"，作主语时谓语动词用单数。NeitheroftheboysisfromEngland.这两个男孩都不是来自英国。Iknowneitherofthem.他们两个我都不认识。7.found/find(1)find的意思是"找到、发现"，其过去式和过去分词都是found.Ican'tfindmyglasses.我找不着我的眼镜了。Hefounditboringtosithere\nalone.他发现独自坐在这里很没劲。(2)found是另外一个词，与find并没有关系，意思是"成立、建设"，常用作及物动词。ThePeople'sRepublicofChinawasfoundedin1949.中华人民共和国成立于1949年。Theschoolwasfoundedbythelocalresidents.这所学校是由当地居民修建的。8.hear/hearof/hearfrom(1)hear的意思是"听见；听说，得知"，后面能接名词、代词或宾语从句。Weheardthenewsjustamomentago.我刚听说这个消息。Canyouhearme?能听见我说话吗？(2)hearof的意思是"听说"，一般指非直接的听见，而是听别人说的。后不能接宾语从句。Ihaveneverheardofher.我从未听说过她。Theyheardofthefilmlongtimeago.他们很久以前就听说过这部电影。(3)hearfrom的意思是"收到来信"，与"听"无关。Ioftenhearfromhim.我经常收到他的来信。Hehasn'theardfromhismotherforalongtime.他很久没有收到妈妈的信了9.send/sendfor(1)send意思是"送往，派遣"，还有"发信，寄信"的意思。Thecompanysenthimtostudyabroad.公司派他到国外学习去了。Mr.Brownsentherchildrenaway.布郎夫人送走了孩子们。(2)sendfor意思是"召唤；派人去取；派人去拿"，而非本人亲自去。Theyhavesentforarepairman.他们已经派人去请了一名修理工。Shesentforsomeflowers.她派了人去买花。10.getto/arrive/reach(1)arrive后不能直接接地点，是一个不及物动词。若表示到达一个相对大的地点，用arrivein;若表示相对小的地点，用arriveat.ThedelegationwillarriveinChinaat5:00p.m.代表团将于下午5:00到达北京。Itwasdarkwhentheyarrivedattherailwaystation.当他们到达火车站的时候，天已经黑了。Whendidshearriveherelasttime?她上次是什么时候到这儿的？（副词前省略介词）(2)reach能直接接所到达的地点，是一个及物动词。TheyreachedLondononFriday.他们星期五到达了伦敦。Thenewsonlyreachedmeyesterday.我于昨天才接到这个消息。reach还有"伸手去取，伸手触及，联络"等意思。Canyoureachthatappleonthetree?你能够到树上的哪个苹果吗？Hecanalwaysbereachedonthephone.可随时打电话跟他联系。(3)get在表示"到达"时是不及物动词，应与to搭配使用。Weoftengettoschoolonfoot.我们经常步行到学校。Theygottothetopofthehillatnoon.他们于中午到达了山顶。【中考范例】1.(2004年北京市中考试题)AuntLioftenasksherson________toomuchmeat.It’sbadforhishealth.A.don’teatB.nottoeatC.noteatD.tonoteat【解析】答案：B。该题考查的是动词不定式的构成和用法。这个句子的基本句型是ask\nsb.nottodosth.这里，nottoeat是不定式的否定式做宾语补足语。2.(2004年嘉兴市中考试题)Chinaisbecomingstrongerandstronger,soChinese________inmoreAmericanschoolsnow.A.wastaughtB.istaughtC.teachesD.taught【解析】答案：B。该题考查的是动词的语态和时态。Chinese是一种语言，只能被人教，因此要用被动语态。又因为说的现在的情况，动词要用一般现在时。所以选B。3.(2004年河北省中考试题)Thispainting________toamuseuminNewYorkin1977.A.sellsB.soldC.wassoldD.issold【解析】答案：C。该题考查的是动词的语态和时态。Thispainting只能被卖，所以用被动语态，又因为是1977年卖的，所以用一般过去时。4.(2004年扬州市中考试题)---Ifyou________anewidea,pleasecallmeassoonaspossible.---Sure,Iwill.A.keepupwithB.catchupwithC.feedupwithD.comeupwith【解析】答案：D。该题考查的是短语动词用法。本单元学习的短语动词comeupwithanewidea意思是想出新主意，正符合题意。【满分演练】一.选择填空。1.Theboyistoohungry,hehasalreadyeatenanapple,butheasksfor_______one. A.theotherB.otherC.anotherD.others2.It’sgoingtorain.You’dbetter__________there.A.don’tgoB.tonotgoC.nottogoD.notgo3.Hespentmuchtime__________thework.A.atB.inC.onD.for4.MrGreenwouldliketomeettheheadmaster_______8:00______9:00tomorrowmorning.A.from;toB.at;atC.between;andD.from;and5.When_______hisuncle_________?A.did;deadB.has;diedC.did;dieD.has;beendead6.They________thiscitylastweek.A.reachedtoB.gotC.arrivedDarrivedin7.TheTVsetdoesn't______toomuch.Icanaffordit.A.takeB.spendC.costD.pay8.HisfatherwillbebackfromBeijing________amonth.A.betweenB.afterC.inD.for9.Hereadnothing,_________he?A.doesB.doesn’tC.didD.didn’t 10.There’s_____milkinthebottle,isthere?A.littleB.fewC.alittleD.afew11.Look,thereisamapofChina______thetwowindows.A.betweenB.amongC.aboutD.in12.Twolanguagesarevery_____used.OneisEnglish,Chineseis______one.A.wide,anotherB.widely,theothersC.wide,theotherD.widely,theother13.Iwasbadlyillyesterday.That's______Ididn'tgotoschool.A.whyB.becauseC.asD.\nsince14."Haveagoodtimethisweekend!""________."A.That'sOK        B.Thanks.Thesametoyou.C.That'sallright.D.Haveabettertimethanme.15.______ofthemoneyisyours.A.NoneB.NooneC.NeitherD.Nothing16.______oftheapplesarered.A.OnethirdsB.FirstthirdC.TwothirdD.Twothirds17.It'sgettingdark.You'dbetter______outalone.A.don'tgoB.nottogoC.notgoingD.notgo18.Hishomeis______thenortheastofChina.A.amongB.inC.atD.to19.Alltheoldthingswereinvented______ago.A.hundredsofyear    B.hundredsofyearsC.ahundredsofyears D.ahundredofyears20.Jacklikesto______others,butneverwritestothem.A.hearofB.hearaboutC.hearfromD.hear二.用括号内所给词的适当形式填空.1.Thisjobcan_________quitequickly.(do)2.________you________yourhomeworkyet?(finish)3.Thatpenisn'tyours.It's_________.(her)4.Canyouhelp__________withmyEnglish?(I)5.LinLinisthe__________inourclass.(young)6.Whois_____________,MikeorJack?(tall)7.Weliveonthe___________floor.(twenty)8.English_________inmanycountriestoday.(speak)9.I__________bornonJuly2nd,1989.(be)10.You’dbetter__________hereassoonaspossible.(leave)三.完型填空Onedayapoorfarmerwastakingabagofwheattotown.Suddenlythebag1__fromhishorseontotheroad.Hedidnotknow2_todoaboutitbecauseitwas3__heavyforhimtoliftbyhimself.Heonlyhopedthatsomeonewouldsoonpassbyand4__himahand.Justatthismomentaman5__ahorsecameuptohim.Butthefarmer’sheart6__whenhesawwhohewas.Itwasthe__7___manlivingnearby.Thefarmerhadhopedtoaskanotherfarmerorapoormanlikehimtocomealongandhelphim.Hecouldn’tasksuchagreatmantohelphim.Buttohis8__,thegreatmangotoffhishorseassoonashecamenearer.Hesaidtothefarmer,“Iseeyou9_help,friend.HowgooditisthatI’mherejustattherighttime.”Thenhetookoneendofthebag,thefarmertooktheother,theytogetherraiseditandputitonthehorse.“Sir,”askedthefarmer,“howcanIpayyou?”“It’squiteeasy.”Thegreatmanrepliedwith10_.“Whereveryouseeanyoneelseintrouble,dothesameforhim.”1.A.fallB.fellC.fallingD.fallen2.A.whatB.howC.thatD.it3.A.veryB.soC.quiteD.too4.A.lendB.askC.borrowD.gave5.A.ridingB.rideC.rodeD.rides6.A.fallsB.sinksC.sankD.\nrose7.A.poorB.greatC.goodD.bad8.A.surprisedB.surprisingC.surpriseD.surprises9.A.needsB.needC.toneedD.needed10.A.smilesB.smileC.asmileD.ansmile四.阅读理解(A)Thewarfinallyendedin1945.Duringthenextyears,twogreatthingshappened-mydadcamehomefromthearmy,andIwasborn!Iwasthefirstchild,butIwasn'taloneforlong.Inthenextfouryears,mymotherhadthreemoreboys.Itwasgreathavingabigfamily!Thefourofuswereverycloseinage,soweplayedtogetherallthetime.Welikedthegame“policemenandthieves”best.Itwasexciting.Everybodyalwayswantedtobeathief.Ofcourse,someonehadtobethepoliceman,anditwasusuallyme.Well,Ihavegrownupnow,butIstilllovethegame.Thereisonlyonethingdifferent.I'marealpoliceman,PolicemanJoe,soit'snotagameanymore.判断下列句子是否符合短文内容。符合的用“A”表示；不符合的用“B”表示.1.Joe'sfatherwasonceasoldier.2.Duringthewarhisfathercamebackhome.3.Joewastheyoungestchildinthefamily.4.Hegotonwellwithhisbrothers.5.Healwayshadtobethethiefinthegame.(B)MichaelJordanisthemostfamousbasketballplayerintheworld.HewasborninBrooklyn,NewYork.Hedidn’tliketotalktootherpeopleabouthimself.Hewasveryshort.Hedidn’tplayverywellwhenhejoinedthebasketballteaminhishighschoolatfirst.Butthenextyearthingschangedgreatlyforhimashegrewmuchtaller.MichaelJordanbecamefamouswhenhejoinedtheuniversitybasketballteaminNorthCarolina.Michaelusedhisspeedandstrength(力量)toreachthebasketagain.Heplayedsowellthatpeoplecalledhim“AirJordan”.Aftercollege,MichaelbecameabasketballteammemberintheChicagoBulls.TheNBAwasverysurprisedatthishigh-flyingplayer.Hewasnamed“Rookie”(新秀)oftheyearin1985and“MostValuable(价值的)Player”in1987.Heoncesetarecord(创纪录)bygetting63pointsinonegame.1.Jordanisabasketballsuperstarin____________________.A.EnglandB.AmericaC.CanadaD.Japan2.Whenhejoinedthebasketballteaminhishighschool,he___________atfirst.A.didn’tplayverywellB.playedverywellC.grewmuchtallerD.setarecord3.Hebegantobecomefamousin__________________________.A.theuniversitybasketballteamB.theNBAC.hishighschoolatfirst\nD.theChicagoBulls4.Heisoftencalled“_________________”.A.RookieB.theNBAC.AirJordanD.MostValuablePlayer5.TheNBAwasverysurprisedatthesuperstarwhen__________________.A.hewasyoungB.hejoinedthebasketballinhishighschoolC.hejoinedtheuniversitybasketballteamD.hejoinedtheChicagoBulls(C)The29thOlympicGameswillbeheldinourcountryin2008.Asagreatmanypeoplewillvisitourcountry,thegovernment(政府)willbuildnewhotels,alargestadium(体育馆),andafinenewswimmingpool.Theywillalsobuildnewroads.Thegameswillbeheldjustoutsidethecapitalandthewholearea(地区)willbecalled“OlympicCity”.Workerswillbuildarailwayandsomenewroadsbytheendof2005.Thefinemodernbuildingshavebeendesigned(设计)bythebestdesigners.Thepeople,oldandyoung,inthecapitalaregettingreadyfortheOlympicGamesbylearningEnglish.Wewillbeverygladtoseethenewbuildingsgoup.WeareveryexcitedandlookingforwardtotheOlympicGamesbecausetheyhaveneverbeenheldinourcountrybefore.1.Becauseofthe29thOlympicGames,_________________________.A.alotofnewbuildingshavebeenfinishedB.alargenumberofpeoplevisitedourcountryC.manynewroadsandarailwaylinehavebeenbuiltD.alotofnewbuildingshavebeenplanned2.FromthepassageweknowthattheOlympicGames_______________.A.havejustbeenheldinourcountryB.willbeheldinourcountryforthefirsttimeC.areheldinourcountryeveryfouryearsD.wereheldinourcountryfouryearsago3.Thepassagetellsusthateveryoneinthecapital____________fortheOlympicGames.A.isbusybuildingroadsB.isstudyingEnglishC.isdesigningbuildingsD.ishavingsportsandgames4.Thewholeareawithhotels,stadiums,swimmingpoolsiscalled___________.A.buildingsB.stadiumC.OlympicCityD.OlympicGames5.“Goup”inthelastpassagemeans______________.A.建起B.上涨C.增长D.上升五.补全对话。1.---Howareyou?---I’m_______________.2.---ShallIcallyouJimorJames?---Itdoesn’t___________.\n3.---Ididn’twininthesportsmeeting.---Bad__________.4.---Whatdoesthatwordmean?---______________one?5.---Ithinkforeignlanguagesaremoreimportantthanscience.---Ireallycan’t_________withyou.6.---Whatwereyoudoingatthattimewhenyourfathercamebackyesterday?---Iwas___________thefloor.7.---Thankyouforyourhelp.---That’sall____________.8.---Haveyoufoundmyruleryet?---I’m__________Ihaven’t.9.---IsBillastallasLiLei?---No,heisn’t_________tallasLiLei.10.---Well_________.Congratulations.---Thankyou.六.句型转换。按要求填词完成句型转换。(A）在下面各题B句的每个空格里写上一个单词，使B句的意思与A句的相近。1.A:Myeyesstartedtofailattheageofseven.B:Myeyesstartedtofailwhen_________________________________old.2.A:Heissotiredthathecan’tdoanythingelse.B:Heis_____________tired___________doanythingelse.3.A:We’llrememberComradeLeiFengforever.B:ComradeLeiFeng_____________________byusforever.4.A:Howexpensivethecaris!B:________________________expensivecaritis!5:A:Weusecomputersinmanyways.B:Computers______________________inmanyways.(B)按照下面各题的汉语意思用英语完成句子，把答案写在横线上，词数不限。1．明天我们要尽力打赢这场足球赛。’Tomorrowwewill__________________________towinthefootballgame.2．教师走进来时，学生们停止了谈话。Whentheteachercamein,thestudents______________________________.3．我们的国家变得越来越强大了。Ourcountryhasbecome__________________________________________.4．他的画将于明天在我们学校展出。Hispicture__________________________________atourschooltomorrow.5.我花费了两个小时看完这本书。It________metwohours______________readingthenovels.初三年级（下）【名师讲解】1.think/think/about/thinkof(1)think单独使用时表示"思考"，接that宾语从句时意为"认为"，"觉得"。Iamthinkinghowtoworkouttheproblem.Ithinksheisagoodstudent.当宾语从句含有否定概念时，通常形式上否定think，但意义上却是否定宾语从句。Idon'tthinkhecancome.Idon'tthinkitwillbewindy.(2)thinkabout可接一个名词，动词-ing形式或由疑问词引导的不定式或宾语从句，意思是"考虑……"。\nIhavethoughtaboutitforalongtime.Pleasethinkabouthowtotellherthebadnews.(3)thinkof表示"认为"，一般用于疑问句中，与what连用。WhatdoyouthinkoftheTVplay?=HowdoyouliketheTVplay?2.big/large/great上述形容词都表示"大"，但侧重点及程度不同。(1)big指具体事物的大小，强调比正常形体的标准大，既可用在普通场合，也可用在正式场合。它可用来指人的身材高大或"长大了"，还可表示"伟大"，"重要"之意。如：Canyouliftupthisbigstone?OnthelastdayImadeabigdecision.(2)large特别强调远远超过标准的大，指体积、面积、容积、数量之大。如：Awhaleisalargeanimal.Alargecrowdcollectedatthegateofthetheatre.(3)great除了表示数量体积之大外，又指抽象的程度，意味着伟大性，重要性，优越性；常用于抽象或无形的东西；用于有形的东西时，常带有"伟大"，"大得令人吃惊"等意思，含有一定的感情色彩。如：Chinaisagreatcountrywithalonghistory.Hewasoneofthegreatestscientists.3.cost/take/spend/pay(1)cost表示"花钱"，花费，付出（只能用于钱、精力、生命等；主语必须是物。）Thebookcostmefiveyuan.(2)take的主语是动词不定式,通常用it做形式主语。Ittookmefiveyuantobuythebook..(3)spend，在主动语句中主语是人Ispentfiveyuanon(for)thebook.或Ispentfiveyuan(in)buyingthebook.(4)pay的主语是人。Ipaidfiveyuanforthebook.4.expensive/high/cheap/low这四个词在谈论到价格的高低时，要注意使用。expensive与high涉及到价格"高"，而cheap与low涉及到价格"低"。(1)expensive昂贵的，花钱多的。这个单词若谈到"价格高，货贵"时，其主语不能是价格，必须是货物、物品本身。如：Thiswatchisexpensive.这只表很贵。Theseglass-productsarenotexpensive.这些玻璃制品不是很值钱。注意：cheap表示"价廉"，"便宜的"，其主语也不能是价格，必须是物品本身。如：Thecheaptablewasboughtfromhim.这张便宜的桌子是他卖给我们的。Thisclothdollisverycheap.这只布娃娃很便宜。(2)high在表示价格时，含义是"高"，low在表示价格时，含义是"低"，这两个词不能用于物品本身，只\n能用在价格上。如：Thepriceofthiswatchisveryhigh.这只表的价格太高了。Thepriceofthisbookisnotlowforme.这本书的价格对我来说是不低。下面我们试看几个句子的正误对照：Thepriceofthiscomputerisexpensive.(宜改为：Thiscomputerisexpensive.或Thepriceofthiscomputerishigh.)Thepriceofthispenisnotcheapforhimtobuy.(宜改为：Thispenisnotcheapforhimtobuy.或Thepriceofthispenisnotlowforhim.)5.alone/lonelylonely与alone的意思比较接近，但在使用时有所区别：(1)lonely用作形容词，意思是"孤单的；寂寞的"。可指心灵上的寂寞，也可指偏僻的地点。在句中既可作表语，也可作定语。(2)alone可作形容词和副词，意思是"单独；独自"，不指心理上寂寞的感觉。Shewastakentoalonelyisland,livedalone,butsheneverfeltlonely.她被带到一个荒岛上，自己居住，但她从不感到寂寞。6.beforelong/longbefore(1)beforelong作“不久以后”讲，切不要按字面译为“长时间以前”或“好久以前”。如：Wehopetofinishourexperimentbeforelong.我们希望不久（以后）就把实验做完。(2)longbefore作"很久以前"讲。原意为"……以前很久"，故也可译为"老早"。longbefore跟beforelong不同，前者在其后面可以接名词或一个从句；当上下文明确时，名词或从句还可以省略。Beforelong则没有上述搭配用法。Theybeganthetestyesterday,butwehadmadeexperimentlongbefore.我们昨天开始做实验，但我们在那以前很久就已经做准备了。7.as/when/while(1)as是连词，意思是"当……的时候，一面……一面"，（强调同时，一般连续时间不长），如：AsweweretalkingaboutTitanic,ourteachercamein.正当我们谈论"泰坦尼克号"这部电影时，教师进来了。Thestudentssingastheygoalong.学生们边走边唱。(2)When和as一样都是连词，注意它们的不同。如when"当……的时候"（一般表示动作紧接着发生）；"那时"（等立连词，前有逗号分开）Istayedtillsunset,whenitbegantorain.我一直呆到太阳下山，那时天开始下雨了。(3)while是"当……时候；和……同时"（强调同时发生，一般连续时间较长）WhileIwaswatchingTV,hewasreading.当我在看电视的时候，他正在看书。Whilethereislife,thereishope.有生命就有希望。8.beat/win/hit(1)beat是动词，意思是"连续地打;打败;\n敲打"。beat后可接人或队名。意思是"击败对手。"如：Icanbeatyouatswimming.(2)win意思是"赢得某个项目"，后面常接"match,game"。如：Hewonagame.他胜一局。Wewonamatch.我们比赛得胜。(3)hit意思是"击中"（有时可表示"打一下"）。如：Themotherhitherchildoutofanger.妈妈生气，打了她孩子一下。9.keepdoing/keepondoing(1)keepdoing侧重表示"持续不停地做某事"或"持续某种状态"。如：Thegirlkeptcryingallthetime.那个女孩一直在哭。Thebabykeptsleepingaboutfourhours.这个婴儿连续睡了大约四个小时。(2)keepondoing表示"总不断做某事"，不表示静止状态。不能与sitting,sleeping,lying,standing这类词连用。如：Itkeptonrainingforsevendays.Don'tkeeponaskingsuchsillyquestions.10.get/turn/become这三个词都可作系动词用，表示状态的变化，后跟表语，但三个词的用法稍有不同。get强调情感、气候和环境的变化；turn强调色彩的变化；而become则强调职务、职称等的变化。如：Thedaysaregettingshorterandshorterinwinter．冬天的白天越来越短。Shecouldn'tanswerthequestionandherfaceturnedred．她回答不出问题，脸红了。Whendidyoubecomeateacher?-Tenyearsago.你什么时候当的老师？十年前。11.steal/rob从意思上讲steal表示偷窃的意思。而rob表示抢劫的意思；从搭配上来讲，stealsthfromsb/sth;而rob则用robsb/sthofsth;例如：Hestolemoneyfromtherichtogiveittothepoor.Theyrobbedthebankofonemilliondollars.12.see/look/watch/notice在英语中，see，look，watch，notice都有“看”的意思，要注意他们的区别。see意为“看到”，表示视觉器官有意识或无意识地看到物体，强调“看到”的结果。look意为“看”，表示有意识地观看，强调“看”的动作。watch意为“观看，注视”，指以较大的注意力观看。notice意为“看到，注意到”，指有意识的注意，含有从不注意到注意的变化的意义。例如：Whatcanyouseeinthepicture？在图画中你能看到什么？Look!Howhappilytheyareplaying！看！他们玩得多高兴啊！He’swatchedTVforovertwohours．他看了两个多小时的电视。Henoticedapurselyingontheroad．他注意到地上有个钱包。13.Shoot/shootat\nshoot是及物动词，意思是“射中，射死”，宾语多为人或动物等。而shootat是一个动词词组，意为“向……射击”，至于射中或射死与否不得而知。如：Themanshotfivebirdsintheforest．那个人在森林里射死（中）了五只鸟。Thehuntershotatthebear．猎人朝熊射击了。Theyshotattheshe－wolf，butdidn'tshoother．他们向那只母狼射击，但是没有射中／死。14.escape/runaway(1)escape作“逃跑”、“逃脱”或“逃避”讲时，往往会有成功之意。如：Theoldmanescapeddeath．那个老人死里逃生。Thethiefescapedfromprison．那个小偷越狱了。(2)runaway作“逃跑”、“跑走”讲时，往往强调动作。如：Don'tlethimrunaway．别让他跑了。口语中escape和runaway可以互用。15.sothat..../so...that....(1)sothat....为了，以便。引导一个目的状语从句，从句中往往有情态动词。也可引导一个结果状语从句。如：Ileftat5:00sothatIcouldcatchtheearlybus.Speakloudly,sothattheycanhearwhatyousay.Hedidn'tstudyEnglishsothathelostachancetoworkinaforeigncompany.(2)so...that....既可引导一个结果状语从句，也可引导一个目的状语从句。如：TheclassroomwassonoisythatIcouldhardlystudy.IgotupsoearlyinthemorningthatIcouldcatchthetrain.【中考范例】1.(2004年济宁市中考试题)Hewantedtoknow______________.A.whetherhespeaksatthemeetingB.whenthemeetingwouldstartA.whathe’sgoingtodoatthemeetingD.wherewouldthemeetingbeheld【解析】答案：B。该题考查的是宾语从句的语序和时态。因为主句的时态是一般过去时，所以从句应用过去将来时，这就排除了A和B。宾语从句的时态应该是陈述句的语序，所以只有B是对的。2.(2004年烟台市中考试题)---Whydidn’tyougotothemovieyesterday?---BecauseI___________itbefore.A.hadwatchedB.haveseenC.havewatchedD.hadseen【解析】答案：D。该题考查的是动词的搭配以及现在完成时和过去完成时的用法区别。看电影习惯商用seeamovie,又因为说的昨天以前发生的事情，应该用过去完成时。只有D正确。3.(2004年重庆市中考试题)---Didyouwinthefootballgame?---Badluck.Ourteam__________inthefinalone.A.wonB.beatC.waswonD.wasbeaten【解析\n】答案：D。该题考查的是动词搭配和动词的语态。动词win通常和比赛一类的词连用，不与人或队连用，因此可以排除A和C。beat是个及物动词，既然我们的运气不好，就是输了，应该用被动语态。4.(2004年广州市中考试题)---Whoistheman________wastalkingtoourEnglishteacher?---Oh!It’sMrBaker,ourmathsteacher.A.heB.thatC.whomD.which【解析】答案：B。该题考查的是引导定语从句关系代词的选择。由于先行词是人，可以排除A和D。而该词在定语从句中作主语，只有B合适。【满分演练】一.单项选择1.Thoughheis____________seventyyearsold,hetakesexerciseeveryday.A.pastB.aboveC.onD.over2.Thesunrises___________andgoesdown____________.A.intheeast,inthewestB.inthewest,intheeast C.totheeast,tothewestD.fromtheeast,fromthewest3.Whichwouldyoulike,Madam,teaorcoffee?____________,thanks.I’dlikeaglassofwater,please.A.EitherB.BothC.NeitherD.OK4.Oneoftheboysis________,alltheotherboysare_________.A.English,ChinaB.anEnglish,ChineseC.England,ChinaD.English,Chinese5.---Howsoonwillyoufinishthebuilding?---__________________________.A.IntwomonthsB.TwomonthsC.AbouttwomonthsD.Aftertwomonths6.Theydid______________theirfathertoldthem.A.likeB.asC.aboutD.with7.Thefishsmells______________.Youmustn’teatit.A.nicelyB.heavilyC.terribleD.terribly8.Eitheryouorhe_______________theteam.A.isinB.areonC.isonD.arein9.Hewasmade_____________thirteenhoursadaybyhisboss.A.toworkB.workC.isonD.arein10.___________youwork,___________youwilldo.A.Harder,betterB.Theharder,theworseC.Hardest,bestD.Theharder,thebetter11.MrsHuaskedLiuFangand__________totakepartintheEnglishmeeting.A.IB.myC.meD.mine12.Tellthestudents_____________theirEnglishbooks.A.totakeB.tocarryC.tobringD.bring 13.It_____________ustwohours’walktogettoourschool.A.takeB.takesC.spendD.paid14.Mylittlesisterissotired,shecanhardlywalk,____________?A.doessheB.cansheC.doesn’tsheD.can’tshe15.__________YellowRiveristhesecondlongestriverisourcountry.A./B.TheC.AnD.A16.---Doyouwantto_____atthemeeting.---No,Ihavenothingto______________.\nA.say,speakB.tell,talkC.say,sayD.speak,say17.---Youneedsomethingtodrink,don’tyou?---________________________________.A.NotatallB.Ineedn’tC.No,pleaseD.Yes,please18.Sheaskedme_____hecoulddanceorsing.A.ifB.whatC.whetherD.that19.---Aren’tyouMary’ssister?---_____________________I’mheraunt.A.Yes,IamB.No,I’mnotC.Yes,I’mnotD.No,Iam20._____________,nomanhastravelledfartherthanthemoon.A.TonowB.TofarC.SofarD.Tillnow二.用所给动词的适当形式填空1.Class3wonthefootballmatchandourclass_____bythem.(beat)2.BylastFridaythestudents_____(learn)alltheirnewlessons.3.Hewillbeaworkerafterhe_____(finish)middleschool.4.Ifeltlike______(have)arestafterlunch.5.Isthereanotherwayof______(answer)thequestion?6.I’lltellhimthenewsthatourclass______(win).7.Jimmadeus______(agree)withhim.8.Theteacher_____(give)usalessonwhenTomwalkedintotheroom.9.Someonesawhim______(fall)offthehorsejustnow.10.Look!Agroupofpolicemen______(run)intothatroom.三.改写句子1.Noneofthedoctorsknowsaboutthematter.__________knowaboutthematter.2.TomistallerthanJohn.Jonhisnot_________________Tom.3.Thejacketcostsolittlethatheboughtit.Thejacket________________forhimtobuy.4.Jimhadagoodjourneyhome.Jim___________verymuch_______________home.5.Ididn’tfinishmyworkintimebecausemypenwasbroken.The____penstopped___________finishingmyworkintime.四.完形填空Hundredsofyearsago,lifewas1than2today.Peopledidn’thavemodernmachines.There3modernmedicine,4.Lifetoday5newproblems.Oneofthebiggestispollution(污染).Waterpollutionhas6ourriversandlakesdirty.Itkillsourfishandaffects(影响)ourdrinkingwater.Noisepollutionmakesus7louderand8.Airpollutionisthemostseriouskindofpollution.Itaffects9livingthingintheworld.Cars,planesandfactoriesallpollute(污染)ouraireveryday.Sometimesthepollutionisso10thatitislikeaquilt(被状物)overacity.Thiskindofquiltiscalledsmog.(烟雾)1.A.morehardB.moreharderC.muchharderD.muchmoreharder2.A.theyareB.theywereC.itwasD.itis3.A.werenotB.wasnoC.wereD.was4.A.eitherB.tooC.alsoD.neither5.A.bringB.haveC.havegotD.hasbrought\n6.A.madeB.letC.takenD.changed7.A.sayB.talkC.tellD.spoke8.A.feelhappymorehappilyB.getangrymuchmoreeasierC.getangrymucheasierD.feelandmoreslowly9.A.mostB.allC.oneD.every10.A.thinB.thickC.hardD.light五.阅读理解（A）Sincethebeginningoftime,manhasinventedmanyinterestingthings.Someoftheseinventions,likenumbersandtheradiohavecertainlychangedhistory.Since1946,oneofthemostimportantinventionshasbeenthecomputer.Itwillchangeallourlives.ThefirstcomputerwasbuiltatHarvardUniversity（哈佛大学）in1944.itwasaslargeasaroomandquitedifficultandslowtooperate（运行）.Butsincetheinventionofthesiliconchip（硅片）,computerhavebecomesmaller,easiertouse,andfastertooperate.Somecomputersareassmallastelevisionsets.Somecomputerscanbemadesmallerthanabook.Andcomputersaregettingsmallerallthetime.Thereareseveralreasons（原因）whycomputerisusefultous.Firstitcanstore（储藏）very,verylargeamount（数量）ofinformation（信息）.Second,thecomputercanoperateveryquickly.Third,moderncomputercanbebuiltintootherkindsofmachines,likeradios,cars,andplanes.Theycandoalotofworkforus.Soon,almosteveryone,eitherathomeoratwork,willusesomekindofcomputer.Thelivesofallofuswillbechangedbythisinvention.判断下列句子是否符合短文内容。符合的用“A”表示；不符合的用“B”表示.1.Accordingto（根据）thispassage,manyinventionshavechangedhistoryandpeople’slife.2.Thefirstcomputerwasbuiltinthemiddleofthe19thcentury（世纪）.3.Amoderncomputercanbemadesmallerthansiliconchip.4.Thecomputerhasbeenmademuchbettersincetheinventionofthesiliconchip.5.Thecomputerisusefulbecauseitcanstorelotsofinformation,itcanoperateveryquicklyandcanbebuiltintoothermachines.(B)JoeBiggswasabutcher(屠夫).HisshopwasinavillageinoneofthemostbeautifulpartsofsouthernEngland.Heworkedinitformanyyearswhilehisfatherwasthere.Then,whenhisfatherreachedtheageof65,hestoppedworkingintheshop.Joewasaloneinit,sohehadtoworkharder.Joeworkedfiveandahalfdayaweek.Hisshopshutatoneo’clockonThursday,anditwasshutthewholeofSunday.Saturdayswerethebusiestdays.Joehadabigrefrigerator(冰箱)inhisshop,buthetriednottobuytoomuchmeatatatime.OneThursdayawomancameintotheshopatfiveminutestoone.“I’msorryI’mverylate,”shesaid,“butsomepeoplehavejusttelephonedtosaythattheyaregoingtocometodinnertonight,andIneedsomemoremeat.”Joeonlyhadonepieceofgoodmeatintheshop.Hehadsoldalltherestearlierintheday.Hetookthepieceoutandsaidtothewoman.“Thisis￡7.15.”“Thatpieceistoosmall,”thewomananswered.“Haven’tyougotanythingbigger?”Joewentintotheroombehindhisshop,openedtherefrigerator,putthepieceofmeatintoit,\ntookitoutagainandshutthedooroftherefrigeratorwithalotofnoise.Thenhebroughtthepieceofmeatbacktothewomanandsaid,“Thispieceisbiggerandmoreexpensive.It’s￡9.30.”“Good,”thewomanansweredwithasmile.“givemebothofthem,please.”6.Joeworkedaloneintheshop________.A.onSaturdaysB.onThursdaysC.aferhisfatherdiedD.afterhisfatherstoppedworking7.Joesoldmeatinhisshop_______.A.onThursdayafternoonsB.onSundaysC.onFridaysD.everyday8.Onedayawomancametohisshop________.A.at1:55,TuesdayB.at1:05C.tosaysorrytohimD.becausesomeonehadsuddenlytelephonedher9.Whichofthefollowingistrue?A.Peopleboughtallthemeatfromhim.B.Thewomandidn’twanttheexpensivepieceofmeat.C.Joebroughtthewomanadifferentpiece.D.Thewomanwantedtobuythetwopiecesofmeattogether.10.Joeonlyhadonepieceofgoodmeatbecause______.A.Joe’srefrigeratorhadbroken.B.hetriednottobuytoomuchmeatatatime.C.heknewthatthemeatwouldgobad(变质).D.hehadnomoneytobuymore.(C)Ifyougointotheforestwithfriends,staywiththemalways.Ifyoudon’t,youmaygetlost.Ifyoureallygetlost,thisiswhatyoushoulddo.Sitdownandstaywhereyouare.Don’ttrytofindyourfriends.Letthemfindyoubystayinginoneplace.Thereisanotherwaytohelpyourfriendsorothernearbypeopletofindyou.Givethemasignalbyshoutingorwhistling(打口哨)threetimes.Stop.Thenshoutorwhistlethreetimes.Anysignalgiventhreetimesisacallforhelp.Keepuptheshoutingorwhistlingalwaysthreetimestogether.Whenpeoplehearyou,theywillknowthatyouarenotjustmakingnoiseforfun.Theywillletyouknowthattheyhaveheardyoursignal.Theywillgivetwoshouts,twowhistlesortwogunshots(枪声).Whensomeonegivesasignal,itisananswertoacallforhelp.Ifyoudon’tthinkthatyouwillgethelpbeforenightcomes,trytomakealittlehouse—coveruptheholeswithbranches(树枝)withlotsofleaves.Makeyourselfasoftbedwithleavesandgrass.Whatshouldyoudoifyougethungryorneeddrinkingwater?Youwouldhavetoleaveyourlittlebranchhousetolookforariver.Don’tjustwalkaway.Pickoffsmallbranchesanddropthemasyouwalksothatyoucanfindyourwayback.Themostimportantthingtodowhenyouarelostis—stayinoneplace.11.Ifyougotlostintheforest,youshould_______.A.staywhereyouareandgiveasignalthreetimesB.walkaroundtheforestandshoutedsothatyourfriendsmighthearyouC.trytofindyourfriendsassoonaspossibleD.trytogetoutoftheforestandshoutedforhelp\n12.Ifyouwanttoletpeoplebelievethatyouarenotjustmakingnoiseforfunyoushould________.A.shoutthatyouarelostB.keepuptheshoutingorwhistlingC.shoutatthetopofyourvoiceD.shoutorwhistleonceinawhile13.Whenyouhear_______shoutsorwhistlesorgunshots,youknowthat_______.A.two;peoplewillsooncometohelpyouB.three;someoneisaskingforhelpC.three;peoplewillsooncometohelpyouD.two;someoneisaskingforhelp14.Whenyouarelostintheforest,butyouwanttoleaveyourplacetogetwater,youshould________.A.justgototheriverB.findabowloraglass,andthengoC.makeafiresothatyoumightmakeyourselfsomehotteaD.leavemarks(标志)asyougototheriversothatyoucanfindyourwayback15.Thisstorymainly(主要地)tellsyou_______.A.thatwhensomeonegivesasignalalwaysthreetimes,itisacallforhelpB.WhatyoushoulddoifyougetlostintheforestC.thatwhenanysignalgiventwicemeansananswertoacallforhelpD.Whatyoushoulddoifyougetlostinthestreet六.书面表达根据提示写一篇有关你今天活动的日记要求：1、字数在60—80个单词左右。2、日期、天气状况等放在日记行文格式上。3、今天是2005年3月3日，星期六早晨6点45分起床，匆忙去上学，学校停课。然后和几个同学去公园野餐，乘车回家。9点睡觉。初一年级（上）【练习答案】一.1.C2.C3.D4.C5.C6.C7.B8.D9.C10.B11.B12.B13.A14.D15.C16.C17.D18.A19.B20.B二.1.B2.C3.A4.C5.D6.A7.B8.C9.B10.A三.1.B2.C3.J4.A5.D6.E7.F8.G9.H10.I四.1.C2.E3.A4.B5.D五.1.His;my2.Your;are3.Whose4.yours;ours5.togo6.me7.babies8.Chinese9.myteacher’s10.parents六.(A)1.B2.B3.B4.B5.A(B)1.A2B3A4C5B(C)1.D2.B3.B4.C5.D初一年级（下）【练习答案】一.1.B.2.D.3.A.4.D.5.B.6.D.7.A.8.B.9.C.10.A.11.C.12.C.13.A.14.C.15.D.16.B17.A.18.B.19.B.20.C.二.A.1.full2.mend3.Long4.window5.wrong\nB.1.women2.mine3.friendly4.him5.driverC.1.teacher's2.pens3.looks4.play5.climbing6.closed7.has8.China9.eat10.working三.1.C2.D3.B4.E5.A四.1.B2.A3.C4.D5.A6.C7.B8.A9.B10.D五.1.D2.B3.C4.B5.A6.C7.D.8B.9.A10.D六.ThisoldmancomesfromSydney.HelikesChinaverymuch.Now,heisteachinginBeijing.HesaysBeijingisbigandbeautiful,helikesworkinghere.初二年级（上）【练习答案】一.1.B2.A3.B4.A5.C6.B7.D8.C9.A10.C二.I.1.D2.D3.A4.C5.A6.C7.D8.D9.D10.C三.1.B2.C3.A4.B5.D6.B7.B8.C9.C10.C四.(A)1.A2.B3.B4.A5.B(B)1.C2.B3.C4.B5.A(C)1.D2.C3.A4.B5.A五.1.willstoplateron2.because,toocold3.in,northwest4.Whatdelicious5.stayabovezero六.1.Howhot2.It,in3.attimes4.willsnowheavily5.Howabout初二年级（上）【练习答案】一.1.C2.B3.B4.A5.B6.B7.D8.A9.B10.B11.B12.B13.A14.D15.C16.A17.D18.A19.B20.B二.1.B2.B3.B4.A5.D6.D7.D8.B9.C10.B三.(A)1.B2.A3.A4.A5.B(B)1.A2.C3.B4.B5.A(C)1.C2.B3.A4.B5.D四.1.tosaysorrytoyou2.heaskedmetodo3.walkinginthegarden4.agoodmemory5.inventedtherobot6.itdifficulttorememberthesewords7.eatingmeat8.allthetime9.wasbornin10.Goodluck初二英语（下）【练习答案】一.1.C2B3B4D5B6.B7A8.C9.B10.D11.C12B13.C14.C15.A16.C17.C18.B19.D20.A二.1.B2.B3.A4.B5.C6.C7.B8.C9.A10.D三.(A)1.B2.A3.B4.A5.B(B).1.A2.C3.B4.B5.C(C)1.D2.D3.D4.A5.D四.1.H2.F3.B4.G5.C6.D7.I8.E9.A10.J五.1.oneofthemostpopularsubjects2.takethebox3.learnfrom4.isplanningto5.wasborninShanghai,onJune29,1987.6.amhappy/pleased7.nottobe\n8.playjokeson9.workout10.Areyousure初三年级（上）【练习答案】一.1.B2.B3D4.D5.B6.D7.B8.A9.C10.A11.D12.D13.C14.D15.B二.1.C2.A3.D4.B5.D6.C7.A8.A9.B10.D三.(A)1.C2.C3.C4.B5.A(B)1.A2.C3.C4.B(C)1.A2.B3.D4.C5.A6.B四.1.not2.about3.with4.How5.by五.1.What,for2.lastfor3.playingwith4.take,with5.islike6.fortelling7.didn't,until8.from,to初三年级（中）【练习答案】一.1.C2.D3.C4.A5.C6.D7.C8.C9.C10.A11.A12.D13.B14.B15.A16.D17.D18.B19.B20.C二.1.bedone2.Have,finished3.hers4.me5.youngest6.taller7.twentieth8.isspoken9.was10.leave三.1.B2.A3.D4.A5.A6.C7.B8.C9.B10.C四.(A)1.A2.B3.B4.A5.B(B)1.B2.A3.A4.C5.D(C)1.D2.B3.B4.C5.A五.1.fine2.matter3.luck4.Which5.agree6.sweeping7.allright8.sorry9.so10.done六.(A)1.Iwassevenyears2.too,to3.willberemembered4.Whata5.areused(B)1.doourbest2.stoppedtalking3.strongerandstronger4.willbeondisplay5.took,tofinish初三年级（下）【练习答案】一.1.D2.A3.C4.D5.A6.B7.C8.C9.A10.D11.C12.C13.B14.B15.B16.D17.D18.C19.B20.C二.1.wasbeaten2.hadlearnt/learned3.finishes4.having5.answering6.has/havewon7.agree8.wasgiving9.fall10.arerunning三.1.Nodoctors2.so/astallas3.wascheapenough4.enjoyedhimself;whenhetravelled5.broken;mefrom四.1.C2.D3.B4.A5.D6.A7.B8.C9.D10.B五.1.A2.B3.B4.A5.A6.D7.C8.D9.D10.B11.A12.B13.A14.D15.B六.SaturdayMar3,2005SunnyTodayisSaturday.Igotupat6:45thismorning.Ihadaquickbreakfastandthenwenttoschoolinahurry,butwedon’thaveclassesonSaturday.ThenItelephonedsomeclassmatesandaskedthemtohaveapicnic.Theywereverypleased.Wegottotheparkandenjoyedourselves.Atabout5:00intheafternoon,wewenthomebybus.Iwastootired,soI’llgotobedat9:00.\n