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初中英语暑假专题之数词数词数词主要分为基数词和序数词两类。一、数词的分类1.基数词表示数目的词称为基数词。其形式如下:A.从1——10one,two,three,four,five,six,seven,eight,nine,ten.B.从11——19eleven,twelve,thirteen,fourteen,fifteen,sixteen,seventeen,eighteen,nineteen.这里除eleven,twelve,thirteen,fifteen,eighteen为特殊形式外,fourteen,sixteen,seventeen,nineteen都是由其个位数形式后添加后缀-teen构成。C.从21——99整数几十中除twenty,thirty,forty,fifty,eighty为特殊形式外,sixty,seventy,ninety都是其个位数形式后添加后缀-ty构成。表示几十几时,在几十和个位基数词形式之间添加连字符“-”21twenty-one76seventy-sixD.百位数个数基数词形式加“hundred”,表示几百,在几十几与百位间加上and.101ahundredandone320threehundredandtwenty648sixhundredandforty-eightE.千位数以上从数字的右端向左端数起,每三位数加一个逗号“,”。从右开始,第一个“,”前的数字后添加thousand,第二个“,”前面的数字后添加million,第三个“,”前的数字后添加billion。然后一节一节分别表示,两个逗号之间最大的数为百位数形式。2,648twothousandsixhundredandforty-eight16,250,064sixteenmilliontwohundredandfiftythousandsixty-four5,237,166,234fivebillion,twohundredandthirty-sevenmillion,onehundredandsixty-sixthousand,twohundredandthirty-fourF.基数词在表示确切的数字时,不能使用百、千、百万、十亿的复数形式;但是,当基数词表示不确切数字,如成百、成千上万,三三两两时,基数词则以复数形式出现。Therearehundredsofpeopleinthehall.大厅里有数以百计的人。ThousandsandthousandsofpeoplecometovisittheMuseumof QinTerra-CottaWarriorsandHorseseveryday.每天有成千上万的人来参观秦兵马俑博物馆。Theywenttothetheatreintwosand13\n初中英语暑假专题之数词threes.他们三三两两地来到了剧院。G.表示人的不确切岁数或年代,用几十的复数形式表示。Hebecameaprofessorinhisthirties.他三十多岁时成为了教授。Shediedoflungcancerinherforties.她四十来岁时死于肺癌。Itwasinthe1960s.那是在二十世纪六十年代。H.基数词的句法功能基数词在句中可作主语、宾语、定语、表语、同位语。Thetwohappilyopenedthebox.两个人高兴地打开了盒子。(作主语)Ineedthreealtogether.我总共需要三个。(作宾语)Fourstudentsareplayingvolleyballoutside.四个学生在外面打排球。(作定语)Wearesixteen.我们是16个人。(作表语)Theythreetriedtofinishthetaskbeforesunset.他们三个人尽力想在日落前完成任务。(作同位语)2.序数词表示顺序的词称为序数词。序数词的主要形式:A.从第一至第十九其中,one—first,two—second,three—third,five—fifth,eight—eighth,nine—ninth,twelve—twelfth为特殊形式,其它的序数词都是由其相对应的基数词后面添加“th”构成。例如:six—sixth、nineteen—nineteenth.B.从第二十至第九十九整数第几十的形式由其对应的基数词改变结尾字母y为i,再加“eth”构成。twenty——twentieththirty——thirtieth表示第几十几时,用几十的基数词形式加上连字符“-”和个位序数词形式一起表示。thirty-first第三十一fifty-sixth第五十六seventy-third第七十三ninety-ninth第九十九C.第一百以上的多位序数词由基数词的形式变结尾部分为序数词形式来表示。onehundredandtwenty-first第一百二十一onethousand,threehundredandtwentieth第一千三百二十D.序数词的缩写形式有时,序数词可以用缩写形式来表示。主要缩写形式有。first——lstsecond——2ndthird——3rdfourth——4thsixth——6thtwentieth——20thtwenty-third——23rd其中lst,2nd,3rd为特殊形式,其它的都是阿拉伯数字后加上th。13\n初中英语暑假专题之数词E.序数词的句法功能序数词在句中可作主语、宾语、定语和表语。ThesecondiswhatIreallyneed.第二个是我真正需要的。(作主语)Hechoosethesecond.他挑选了第二个。(作宾语)Wearetocarryoutthefirstplan.我们将执行第一个计划。(作定语)Sheisthesecondinourclass.在我们班她是第二名。(作表语)注:序数词在使用时,通常前面要加定冠词the;但是如果序数词前出现不定冠词a或an时,则表示“再——”,“又——”。We’llgooveritasecondtime.我们得再念第二遍。We’vetrieditthreetimes.Mustwetryitafourthtime?我们已经试过三遍了,还必须试一次(第四次)吗?另外,基数词也可以表示顺序。只需将基数词放在它所修饰的名词之后即可,不需要添加定冠词。thefirstlesson——LessonOnethefifthpage——Page5(five)thetwenty-firstroom——Room21(twenty-one)二、时刻表示法1.表示几点钟用基数词加可以省略的o`clock5:00读作fiveo`clock或five2.表示几点过几分,在分钟后加past,再加小时fivepastseven七点过五分halfpastsix六点半aquarterpasteight八点过一刻sevenpasteight八点过七分3.表示几点差几分,在分钟后面加to,再加小时tentoeight差十分八点(七点五十分)aquartertotwelve差一刻十二点(十一点四十五分)twentytosix差二十分六点(五点四十分)在日常生活中,常用下列简单方法表示时间。以小时、分种为单位分别读出数字。6:31 读作sixthirty-one10:26读作tentwenty-six14:03读作fourteenthree16:15读作sixteenfifteen18:30读作eighteenthirty23:55读作twenty-threefifty-five注:时刻表上的时间大多采用24小时表示法,这样就不需要用a.m.表示上午,p.m.表示下午了。13\n初中英语暑假专题之数词三、年月表示法1.世纪可以用定冠词加序数词加世纪century表示,也可以用定冠词加百位进数加s表示thesixth(6th)century公元六世纪theeighteenth(18th)century公元十八世纪the1900s二十世纪the1600s十七世纪这里,用百位数整数表示的世纪比这一百位阿拉伯数字本身多一个世纪。2.年代用定冠词及基数词表示的世纪加十位整数的复数形式构成inthe1930s(inthethirtiesofthetwentiethcentury或inthenineteenthirties)在二十世纪三十年代inthe1860s(inthesixtiesofthe19thcentury或intheeighteensixties)在十九世纪六十年代Inthe1870swhenMarxwasalreadyinhisfifties,hefounditimportanttostudythesituationinRussia,sohebegantolearnRussian.在十九世纪七十年代当马克思已经五十多岁时,他发现研究俄国的形势很重要,便开始学习俄语。3.表示某年代的早期、中期和晚期,可以在定冠词后,年代前添加early,mid-,lateintheearly1920s在二十世纪二十年代早期inthemid-1950s在二十世纪五十年代中期4.年月日表示法A.年份用基数词表示,一般写为阿拉伯数字,读时可以以hundred为单位,也可以以世纪、年代为单位分别来读。1949读作nineteenhundredandforty-nine或nineteenforty-nine1800读作eighteenhundred253读作twohundredandfifty-three或twofifty-three1902读作nineteenhundredandtwo或nineteentwo表示在哪一年,一般在年数前加介词in,使用year时,year放在数词之前。intheyeartwofifty-threeB.C.在公元前253年但是,通常采用in加表示年份的阿拉伯数字。B.月份,在哪个月用介词in加第一个字母大写的月份词表示。例如:inMay在五月;inJuly在七月。为了简便起见,月份与日期连用时,月份常用缩写形式表示。缩写形式除May,June,July外,其它的月份都由其前三个字母表示,但September除外。January——Jan.一月February——Feb.二月March——Mar.三月April——Apr.四月August——Aug.八月September——Sept.九月October——Oct.十月November——Nov.十一月December——Dec.十二月注:这里缩写形式后面加点不能省略,因为它是表示缩写形式的符号。13\n初中英语暑假专题之数词C.日期用定冠词the加序数词表示。在哪一天要添加介词on。NationalDayisonOct.1.国庆节是十月一日。(读作Octoberfirst)此句也可以表示为NationalDayisonthe1stofOctober.May5五月五日(读作Mayfifth)也可以表示为thefifth(5th)ofMayMar.1(st)三月一日(读作Marchfirst或thefirstofMarch)5.表示不具体、不确切的时间,如世纪、年代、年份、月份时,用介词in表示,表示具体确切的某一天用介词on表示通常情况下morning,afternoon,evening等词前用介词in。但是,当这些词前后有一修饰限定的词作为定语,把它们限定为某一天早晨、下午或晚上时,介词in应改为on。这里的修饰限定词可以是介词短语、名词、形容词、定语从句等。Onacoldmorning,theoldmandiedlonelyinhishouse.在一个寒冷的早晨,这个老人孤独地死在自己的房子里。Idon’twanttobedisturbedonnightswhenIhavetostudy.我不愿意在我必须学习的晚上被打扰。TheaccidenthappenedontheafternoonofJuly7.这次事故发生在7月7日下午。WearetohaveasmalltestonMondaymorning.星期一早晨我们将进行一次小测验。四、分数表示法1.分数是由基数词和序数词一起来表示的。基数词作分子,序数词作分母,除了分子是“1”以外,其它情况下序数词都要用复数形式。3/4threefourths或threequarters1/3onethird或athird1/2ahalf11/2oneandahalf2.当分数后面接名词时,如果分数表示的值大于1,名词用复数;小于1,名词用单数。11/2hours一个半小时(读作oneandahalfhours)23/4meters二又四分之三米(读作twoandthree-fourthsmeters)4/5meter五分之四米五、小数表示法1.小数用基数词来表示,以小数点为界,小数点左首的数字为一个单位,表示整数,数字合起来读;小数点右首的数字为一个单位,表示小数,数字分开来读;小数点读作point,o读作zero或o[ou],整数部分为零时,可以省略不读。0.4zeropointfour或pointfour零点四10.23tenpointtwothree十点二三25.67twenty-fivepointsixseven二十五点六七l.03onepointothree一点零三2.当数字值大于1时,小数后面的名词用复数,数字值小于1时,小数后面的名词用单数。1.03meters一点零三米0.49ton13\n初中英语暑假专题之数词零点四九吨l.5tons一点五吨六、百分数表示法百分数用基数+percent表示50%fiftypercent 百分之五十3%threepercent 百分之三0.12%zeropointonetwopercent百分之零点一二这里的percent前半部per表示“每一”,cent这一后半部分表示“百”,所以百分之几中percent不用复数形式。七、数量表示法1.表示长、宽、高、面积等,用基数词+单位词(meter,foot,inch,kilogram等)+形容词(long,wide,high等)表示,或者用基数词+单位词+in+名词(length,width,height,weight等)表示。twometerslong或twometersinlength2米长threefeethigh或threefeetinheight3英尺高fourincheswide或fourinchesinwidth4英寸宽Thisboxis2kilogramsinweight.这个盒子有两千克重。ThecitywallofXi`anis12meterswideand12metershigh.西安城墙是12米宽,12米高。2.表示时间、距离时,使用含数词的名词所有格形式作定语。fiveminutes`walk步行五分钟(的距离)It’sanhour’sridefrommyhometowntoouruniversity.从我的家乡到我们大学是乘车一小时的路程。或:从我的家乡到我们大学需要乘车一小时。It’sthreekilometers`distancefromourcampustotheBellTower.从我们校园到钟楼有三公里远。3.表示温度时,用belowzero表示零下温度,温度用基数词+degree(s)+单位词(centigrade摄氏或Fahrenheit华氏)表示。thirty-sixdegreescentigrade或36℃摄氏36度fourdegreesbelowzerocentigrade或-4℃摄氏零下4度Waterfreezesatthirty-twodegreesFahrenheit.水在华氏三十二度时结冰。Waterboilsatonehundreddegreescentigrade.水在摄氏一百度时沸腾。这里的单位词在人们都很清楚是什么度量制度时,可以省略。Youare37℃.(读作thirty-sevendegrees)你是三十七度。(摄氏)It’ssevendegreesbelowzero.今天是零下七度。(摄氏)13\n初中英语暑假专题之数词4.由数词和其他名词构成的名词性短语作定语时,其中的名词用单数形式,名词性短语中各部分间要用连字符“-”来连接。It’safive-minutewalkfromthelibrarytotheplayground.从图书馆到操场需要走五分钟。She’sasixteen-year-oldgirl.她是个十六岁的女孩。5.表示“比···大(或)几倍”的说法。Thisroomistwotimesbiggerthanthatone.这个房间比那个(房间)大两倍。Thedictionaryisfourtimesthickerthanthatbook.这本词典比那本书厚四倍。Myageistwotimesolderthanhis.我的年龄比他大两倍。是骡子是马,拉出来溜溜:八、特殊用法1.数词作主语,谓语动词用单数。如:Twomonthsisquitealongtime.Fourandtwoissix.What’stwoandthree?2.一个半小时(一年半,一个半月可类推)one/anhourandahalf=oneandahalfhours数词练习1( )1.Lincolnwasbornon________. A.February12,1809 B.1809,February12 C.1809,12February D.February1809,12( )2.A_______boycansingtheEnglishsongverywell. A.ten-year-old B.tenyearsold C.ten-year-old D.fifthyearsold( )3.Anhourlater,_____ministerwassenttoseethe“magiccloth”wovenbythosetwomen. A.two B.thesecond C.thetwo D.second( )4.AbrahamLincolnwas_______PresidentoftheUnitedStates. A.16 B.the16 C.16th D.the16th( )5.Doyouthinkthereisanyroomforus________? A.two B.thetwo C.second D.thesecond( )6.Howmanystudentsarethereinyourclass? ________. A.Twentynine B.Thirtyandtwo C.Forty-five D.fifties( )7.Whichnumberiswrong?_______. A.Ninety B.Ninteen C.Ninth D.Nineteenth13\n初中英语暑假专题之数词( )8.ThePeople'sLiberationArmywasfounded_______. A.onAugust1,1927 B.in1927,1August C.inAugust1st,1927 D.inAugust1,1927( )9.Thenumber4,123isread_______. A. fourthousandonehundredandtwenty-three B.fourthousandandonehundredtwenty-three C. fourthousandandahundredandtwenty-three D.fourthousandsahundredandtwenty-three( )10.Theoldprofessorstillworkshardthoughheis_________. A.inhissixty B.inhissixties C.insixties D.inthesixty( )11.Thisclassroomis________ours. A.threetimesbigas B.asthreetimesbigas C.threetimesasbigas D.asbigthreetimesas( )12.Thebasketballteamofourschoolranks________inthematch. A.three B.third C.thethree D.thethird( )13.Whichisthecarthathedrives?It's________. A.fiftytwo B.thefifty-twocars C.thecarfiftyfour D.thefifty-fourthcar( )14.Whichofthefollowingiswrong?________. A.Heisafifteen-year-oldboy. B.Heisattheageof15. C.Heisaboyof15. D.Heisfifteenyearold.( )15.Ourschoolisnotverybig.Thereareonly________students. A.ninehundredsof B.ninehundred C.ninehundreds D.ninehundredof( )16.Howmanynewwordsaretherein________lesson? Thereareonly_________. A.five;fifth B.fifth;five C.thefifth;thefive D.thefifth;five( )17.________,Coca-ColabegantoenterChina'smarket. A.In1970's B.In1970s C.Inthe1970s' D.Inthe1970s( )18.Therewasnobusinthatsmalltown.Wehada________. A.tenmileswalk B.ten-milewalk C.tenmile'swalk D.tenthmilewalk( )19.Todayisthefirstdayand________. A.Tuesdayisfourth B.Thursdayisthefourth C.secondisTuesdayD.asecondisThursday( )20.Whichroomdoyoulivein?________. A.The201Room B.Room201 C.Room201st D.The201'sRoom( )21.Howmanymagazinesdoyouhave?Ihave________. A.two B.both C.twice D.thesecond( )22.Threehundredthousandonehundredandseventymeans________. A.3,170 B.3,117 C.300,170 D.30,170( )23.OnMay________,________peopletraveledroundthecountry. A.thefirst,millions B.thefirst,millionsof C.first,themillionth D.first,millions( )24.________ofthemarediningatschool. A.Twelve B.Twelfth C.Thetwelve D.the12th( )25.It's7:17isread________. A.sevenandseventeen B.sevenseven C.sevenoneseven D.sevenseventeen13\n初中英语暑假专题之数词( )26.Four________twoistwo. A.plus B.minus C.times D.dividedby( )27.Three________fiveiseight. A.plus B.minus C.times D.dividedby( )28.Three________sevenistwenty-one. A.plus B.minus C.times D.dividedby( )29.Forty-two________sevenissix. A.plus B.minus C.times D.dividedby( )30.Thereare________daysinayear. A.threehundredsixtyandfive B.threehundredandsixty-five C.threehundredsandsixty-five D.threehundredsixty-five( )31.Thereare________studentsinthatschool. A.twothousandeight-six B.twothousandeighty-six C.twothousandandeighty-six D.twothousandsandeighty-six( )32.Ittookme________togetthere. A.twohoursandahalf B.twohoursandhalf C.twohourandahalf D.twohourandhalf( )33.Septemberis_________monthoftheyear. A.thenineth B.theninth C.nineth D.ninth( )34.Pleasepassme_______bookontheleft. A.third B.three C.thethird D.thethree( )35.________isaverytallboy. A.Thetwelve B.Thetwelveth C.Thetwelfeth D.Thetwelfth( )36.Wehaveknowneachotherfor________. A.ayearandhalf B.ayearwithhalf C.ayearandahalf D.ayearwithahalf( )37.“Whatyearisit?” “It's________.” A.nineteenhundredandninety-seven B.nineteenandninety-seven C.nineteenninetyandseven D.nineteenninety-seven( )38.“What'sthedatetoday?” “It's_________.” A.Tuesday B.JuneFourth C.Junethefour D.Junethefourth( )39.ThetrainfromShanghaiwillarrive________. A.inquarterpastsix B.inaquarterpastsix C.atquarterpastsix D.ataquarterpastsix( )40.Myfriendwasbornon_________. A.threeofJuly,1979 B.thethirdofJuly,1979 C.1979,Julythethird D.1979,thethirdofJuly( )41.________islessthan________. A.One-third;two-thirds B.One-third;two-third C.First-three;first-threes D.One-third;one-three( )42.Whichlessondidyoulearnyesterday?________. A.LessonSeven B.Lessonseventh C.The7Lesson D.7Lesson( )43.“What'sthedatetoday?”“It's_______.”13\n初中英语暑假专题之数词 A.thefourthofmay B.thefourthMay C.Mayfour D.Maythefourth( )44.334isread________. A.threehundredsandthirtyfour B.threehundredsthirtyfour C.threehundredandthirtyfourth D.threehundredandthirty-four( )45.InFebruary,thereareonly_________days. A.twentynine B.twenty-nineth C.twenty-nine D.twentyeight( )46.TherewillbeacomedyonTVat________thisevening. A.sevenpastthirty B.halfpastseven C.seventhethirty D.thirtytoseven( )47.Ittookme________tofindoutthekeytothedrawer. A.oneandhalfhours B.oneandahalfhours C.oneandahalfhour D.oneandhalfhour( )48.I'msotiredafter________walk. A.threehours B.threehours' C.threehour's D.threehour( )49.Thereare________starsinthesky. A.millionof B.millionsof C.themillion D.amillionof( )50.thestreetis________wide. A.twometers B.twometer C.thetwometer D.atwometer练习21()1Thereare___daysinayear.A.threehundredssixty-fiveB.threehundredsandsixty-fiveC.threehundredandsixty-fiveD.threehundredandsixtyfive()2Thereare____studentsinthisschool.A.eighthundredsandforty-sixB.eighthundredandfortysixC.eighthundredandforty-sixD.eighthundredforty-six2()1______peoplevisitthismuseumeveryday.A.HundredB.HundredsC.HundredofD.Hundredsof()2Therearetwo___peopleinthemeetingroom.A.hundredB.hundredsC.hundredsofD.hundredof()3Everyyear___watchNBAonTV.A.millionpeopleB.millionsofpeopleC.millionspeopleD.millionofpeople()4____treeshavebeenplantedinourschoolinthepast10years.A.ThousandsofB.TwothousandsC.ThousandofD.Twothousandof()5Look!Thereare___inthesky.A.thousandstarsB.thousandofstars13\n初中英语暑假专题之数词C.thousandsofstarsD.thousandsofstar3()1Mybrotherisin____.A.ThreeClass,OneGradeB.ClassThree,GradeOneC.GradeOne,ClassThreeD.classthree,gradeone()2Wearegoingtolearn___thisterm.A.booksixB.sixbookC.thebooksixD.BookSix()3Pleaseturnto___.Let'sreadthetextaloud.A.PageTwoB.thepagetwoC.secondpageD.pagesecond4()1Wecansaythenumber78,645inEnglishlikethis____.A.seventy-eightthousandandsixhundredandforty-fiveB.seventy-eightthousandsixhundredandfortyfiveC.seventy-eightthousandsixhundredandforty-fiveD.seventyeightthousandsixhundredandforty-five()2"Theyear1999"shouldberead"Theyear____".A.nineteenandninety-nineB.nineteenninety-nineC.onethousandninehundredandninety-nineD.nineteenhundredandninety-nine5()1Hewillcomehere____tomorrowmorning.A.atfifthB.attenC.ontwoD.tilltenth()2Everydayhebeginstodohishomework___.A.attenpastsevenB.atsevenpasstenC.ontenpastseventhD.untilten()3Hewasdoingsomewashing____.A.ateightyesterdaymorningB.yesterdaymorningeightC.yesterdaymorningateightD.byeightyesterdaymorning6()1Hebegantoworkthere____.A.onhisfiftyB.atageoffiftyC.whenhefiftyD.inhisfifties()2TheymovedtoBeijing_A.in1980sB.inthe1980'C.inthe1980sD.onthe1980's()3Weallliketheboy.A.oftenyearsoldB.ten-year-oldC.attenoldD.ofageoften()4Shewas___herearlytwentieswhenshewentabroad.13\n初中英语暑假专题之数词A.atB.onC.ofD:in7()1Thereare____monthsinayear.Decemberisthe____monthoftheyear.A.twelve;twelveB.twelve;twelfthC.twelfth;twelveD.twelve;twelveth()2During____century,theworldpopulationhasalreadyreached6billion.A.twentyB.thetwentiethC.twentieth/D.thetwenty()3Sundayisthe____dayoftheweek.A.seventhB.firstC.secondD.third()4Autumnisseasoninayear.A.thefourthB.thethirdC.athirdD.thethreeth()5TomwastogettoschoolandIwas______.A.first;ninthC.thefirst;theninthB.afirst;aninthD.thesecond;thenineth8()1-What'sthedatetoday?-Its___.A.FridayB.timetogoC.cloudyD.June4th()2JennywasbornA.onJuly10,1987B.inJuly10,1987C.in1987,July10D.on1987,July10()3Mondayisthesecondday,and_______.A.TuesdayisthefourthB.ThursdayisthefifthC.thesecondisTuesdayD.thesecondisThursday9()1About____ofthebooksinourschoollibraryarewritteninChinese.A.four-fifthB.four-fifthsC.fourth-fifthsD.fourths-fifth()2___ofthestudentsaregirlsinourclass.A.TwothreeB.TwothreesC.TwothirdsD.Secondthree()3___oftheworld'sbooksandnewspapersarewritteninEnglish.A.ThreequartersB.ThreequarterC.ThirdsfourD.Threesfourth10()1Tomis____intherow.A.asecondB.thesecondC.twoD.second()2Thegirlwantedtosing____songinEnglish.A.theothersB.asecondC.otherD.thesecond()3Nowletmehave____.A.thethirdtryB.athirdtryC.thirdtryD.thisthirdtry13\n初中英语暑假专题之数词13