初中英语定语从句x 31页

授课老师：穆莉上课学生：陈柳希定语从句\n定语从句先行词关系代词/关系副词限制性定语从句/非限制性定语从句where&when引导的定语从句/状语从句\n1.Themanisaworker.2.Themanisspeakingatthemeeting.3.Themanisaworkerandheisspeakingatthemeeting.4.Themanwho/thatisspeakingatthemeetingisaworker.5.Themanspeakingatthemeetingisaworker.1.Theboxfeelsheavy.2.Theboxisplacednearthedoor.3.Theboxfeelsheavyandisplacednearthedoor.4.Theboxwhich/thatisplacednearthedoorfeelsheavy.5.Theboxplacenearthedoorfeelsheavy.\n1.什么是关系代词，什么是关系副词？关系代词有which、that、who(宾格whom，所有格whose),关系副词有where、when、why。1.Themanwho/thatisspeakingatthemeetingisaworker.2.Theboxwhich/thatisplacednearthedoorfeelsheavy.3.Istillrememberthedaythatwespenttogather.¶4.ThebookstorewhereIboughtthisbookisnotfarfromhere.5.IstillrememberthedaywhenwegotovisitMr.Smith.6.Ijustcan'tunderstandthereasonwhyyouarelateforEnglishclassagain.\n1.Theplacewhich/thatinterestedmemostwastheMoutTai.2.IthinkI‘vefalleninlovewiththegirlwho/thatwearsaredscarf.3.Doyouknowthemanwhom/thatJimistalkingto?4.Isthereanyoneinyourclasswhosefamilyisinthecountry?5.Thisisthehotelwheretheystayedlastmonth.6.Thisisthehotelwhichisgoingtobedismantled(拆除）.7.DoyouknowtheyearwhentheChineseCommunistPartywasfound-ed?8.Doyouknowthedaythat/whichistheanniversaryofourparentswe-dding.9.IhavetoldyouthereasonwhyItookadayoff.10.Ihavetoldyouthereasonthat/whichJimtoldme.\nsummary关系代词：that(既可代指人也可代指物，既可做宾语也可做主语,做宾语时可省略）;which（指代物体，可充当主语和宾语,当从句里有介词时可以把介词提到which前）;who（指代人，在从句中充当主语,若充当宾语要换成宾格whom，表示所拥有的用所有格whose）。关系副词：where(在从句中充当地点状语，可以是虚拟的地点，如position)；when（在从句中充当时间状语）；why（在从句中充当原因状语）。¶这三者都可以替换成介词+which；另，whose=ofwhich5.Thisisthehotelwheretheystayedlastmonth.=Thisisthehotelatwhichtheystayedlastmonth.7.DoyouknowtheyearwhentheChineseCommuistPartywasfoun-ded?=DoyouknowtheyearinwhichtheChineseCommuistPartywasfounded?\nquiz1.Thatistheday______I'llneverforget.2.Thefactory______we'llvisitnextweekhasbeenrebuiltrecently.3.NevershallIforgettheday______wewonthefootballchampionship.4.Greatchanges_______(takeplace)sincetheninthefactory______weareworking.5.Thisisoneofthebestfilms______thisyear.A.thathavebeenshownB.thathaveshownC.thathasbeenshownD.thathasshown6.Canyoulendmethebook______youtalkedtheotherday?A.aboutwhichB.whichC.aboutthatD.that\n2.where和when既可以引导定语从句也可以引导状语从句，怎么区分呢？1.Wewillstartatthepointwhereweleftoff.2.Makeamarkwhereyouhaveanydoubtsorquestions.3.IfoundmybookswhereIhadleftthem.4.Iwenttoschoolwhenhewassleeping.5.BythetimewhenyouarrivedinLondon,wehadstayedtherefortwoweeks.Quiz:用where和when分别造一个定语从句和一个状语从句吧。\n1.Theengineer_________myfatherworksisabout50yearsold.2.I'minterestedin_________youhavesaid.A.allthatB.allwhatC.thatD.which3.Heisn'tsuchaman_______heusedtobe.4.Hetalkedalotaboutthingsandpersons_______theyrememberedintheschool.5.Icanneverforgettheday_______weworkedtogetherandtheday______youmentionedlastweek.6.Thisistheplace______welivedthreeyearsago.homework\n3.介词+which/whom结构,即介词前置的情况①Thisisthehousewherewelivedlastyear.=Thisisthehousewhichwelivedinlastyear.=Thisisthehouseinwhichwelivedlastyear②Thisisthehotelwheretheystayedlastmonth.=Thisisthehotelwhichtheystayedatlastmonth.=Thisisthehotelatwhichtheystayedlastmonth.③DoyouknowtheyearwhentheChineseCommuistPartywasfounded?=Doyouknowtheyear________theChineseCommuistPartywasfounded?PleasetellmewhomyouborrowedtheEnglishnovelfrom.=PleasetellmefromwhomyouborrowedtheEnglishnovel.注,含介词的固定动词词组时，介词不能前置,如：look for, look after, pay attention to ,take care of , look forward to, listento等。①Thisisthepersonwhomyouarelookingfor.②The patient whom she is looking after is her father.\nwhose=ofwhich;why=forwhich1.Iusedtogotothebookshopwhoseownerisaquitecharmingwoman.=Iusedtogotothebookshoptheownerofwhichisquitea……2.MrBrownhaswrittenanovelwhosenameI'vecompletelyforgotten.=3.Ijustcan'tunderstandthereasonwhyyouarelateforEnglishclassagain.=IjustunderstandthereasonforwhichyouarelateforEnglishclassagain.4.Couldyoutellmethereasonwhyyouwanttotakeadayoff?=\n关系代词前介词选择三原则：一先，二动，三意义1.一先，即根据定语从句中介词与先行词的搭配关系选择。I never forget the day on which I came to this school.    (on the day)2.二动，即根据定语从句中谓语动词与介词的搭配关系选择。This is the iPad on which I spent 3000 yuan.   (spend money on sth.)3.三意义，即根据定语从句的意义来确定介词。This is my pair of glasses, without whichI cannot see clearly.\n1．表示时间的at、on、in的用法区别at主要表示：(1)在某具体时刻之前,如atseveno’clock,at7：30.(2)在固定短语中,如：atnoon,atnight,atthattime,attheageofattheweekend,atChristmas.On用来表示“在……天”,如：OnMonday,OnMaylst,OnChildren’sDay.in用来表示：(1)在某年、某月、某季节.(2)在—段时间之后,如：intwohours,inafewdays.注意：在纯粹地表示在上午／下午／晚上时,用inthemorning／afternoon／evening,但在某一天的上午、下午、晚上前要用介词on.如：onMondaymorning,onthemorningofChildren’sDay.2.表示地点的at,in,on的用法区别(1)at通常指小地方,in一般指大地方.(2)at所指范围不太明确,in指“在……里”.(3)in指在内部,on指“在……之上”.\n4.that和which/who什么时候不能替换①只能用that的情况：先行词被序数词、最高级修饰时（Hewasthefirstpersonthatpassedtheexam.);先行词是all、any、much、many、everything、anything、none、theone等不定代词时（Isthereanythingthatyouwanttobuyintheshop?)；先行词被theonly、thevery、thesame、thelast、little、few等词修饰时（ThisisthesamebikethatIlost.)；避免重复（Whoisthegirlthatiscrying?)②只能用which的情况：先行词是that、those时（What'sthatwhichisunderthedesk);关系代词前有介词时；③只能用who的情况：therebe结构中（Thereisacomradeoutsidewhowantstoseeyou);先行词是one,ones或anyone,先行词是those或被those修饰时（Anyonewhobreaksthelawshouldbepunished.);当定语从句中又有定语从句时（Thestudentthatwonthefirstprizeisthemonitorwhoworkshard.)；当指人的先行词被指物的名词修饰时（Doyouknowthewomaninbluewithababyonherbackwhoisworkinginthefileds?\nTheVineThatAtetheSouthKudzuisafast-growingvine(蔓生植物)thatcoversalargeareainthesouthernU-nitedStates.Itissocommonthatonemightthinkitisanativeplant,butitisnot.KudzuwasbroughttotheUnitedStatesfromJapanin1876.ManyAmericanstho-ughtitwasbeautiful,andtheybegantoplantit.Theydidn’tknowitcouldgrowuptoafootadayduringthesummermonths.Nordidtheyknowitwouldgrowupan-doveranythinginitspath(路径).InJapan,kudzuexperiencedcoldwintersandashortgrowingseason.ButintheUnitedStates,ithasaverylonggrowingseasonwithwarmandwetsouthernwea-ther.Itisfineweatherforthevinetogrowfast.Inthe1920s,peopleusedthevinetofeedfarmanimals.Tenyearslater,thegove-rnmentsupportedtoplantkudzubecauseitkeptsoil(土壤)fromwashingaway.However,bythe1950s,thegovernmentnolongerwantedpeopletoplantthevin-e.Twentyyearsafterthat,thegovernmentsaiditwasaharmfulplant.\nThevinegrowsuptreesandbuildings,makingsomebeautifulshapes.However,treesdieafterkudzucoversthembecausetheycannotgetenoughlight.Scienti-stsarelookingforwaystokillthevine.Theyusedpoisons(毒药)tokillthevine.However,someofthepoisonsmadeitgrowevenbetter.Scientistsalsofinditdif-ficulttodigupKudzu.Theplantisreallytough.Becausekudzuissohardtokill,somepeoplearemakingthebestofit.Sotheytrytofinddifferentusesforthevine.Theyfindthevinecanbeusedtomakepap-erandbaskets,itcanbeusedtofeedthegoats,anditcanevenbeeatenbype-ople.Scientistsarestudyingitinthehopethatthevinecanbeusedasamedicine.Attheveryleast,kudzuservesasanexampleoftheunexpectedresultsthatcancomefromnon-nativeplants.1.Wecanlearnfromthepassagethat_______.A.kudzumostlygrowsinthenorthernAmericaB.kudzuwasbroughttoJapanfromAmericaC.kudzugrowsveryfastinwarmandwetweatherD.Americangovernmenthasneversupportedtoplantkudzu\n2.Theunderlinedword“tough”inParagraph4probablymeans“______”.A.      noteasilybroken  B.widelyused   C.hardtogrow    D.importanttoone’shealth3.Thelastparagraphismostlyabout________.A.      howquicklythevinegrows             B.howpeopleusethevineC.whypeoplewanttokillthevine            D.whypeopleeatthevine4.Thewriterusesthetitle“TheVineThatAtetheSouth”mostprobablyto______.A.letreadersknowkudzuisavine           B.interestreadersinahumorouswayC.tellreadersthevineisakindoffood    D.getreaderstorealizethepassageisserious\nanswers:Areyoucorrect?1.C 2.A 3.B 4.B\n宾语从句、状语从句、定语从句1.Shedosen'tknow(that)sheisseriouslyill.2.Doyouknowif/whetherKategetsupearly?3.Itdependsonwhetheritisgoingtorain.4.Couldyoutellmewhereshelives?5.Ijustdon'tknowwhat'swrongwithyou.homeworks1.复习今天所讲的定语从句，回忆宾语从句和状语从句2.写一篇作文，尽量用到从句\n正直毕业季，你们班的“英语园地”在征集庆祝毕业活动方式的建议，以下是你们组三个同学的想法和理由。请你根据这些信息写一篇短文，并谈谈自己的想法及理由。Jim:tohaveapartytorelaxourselves.Mike:planttreestomakeourschoolbeautifulNancy:makeavideotorecordschoollife.注意：1.短文必须包括所给内容，可适当增加细节2.文中不得出现真实人名和校名等相关信息3.词数80-1004.短文首句仅供选择使用，计入总词数。短文首句：Thesedays,studentsinourclassarediscussingthewaystocelebrategraduation.homework\nThesedays,studentsinourclassarediscussingthewaystocele-brategraduation.Herearesomeideasfromourgroup.AsforJim,hethinkswecanhaveapartytorelaxourselves.ToMike,hepreferstoplanttreestomakeourschoolmorebeautiful.Be-sides,it'saspecialwaytoexpressthankstoourschool.InNancy'sview,shelikestomakeavideotorecordschoollifewithteachersandclassmates.Inmyopinion,travellingwithclassmatesisameaningfulwaytocelebrategraduation.Ononehand,it'sachancetogettogetherandhavefun.Ontheotherhand,wecanstartanewlifejourneythroughtravelling.possibleversion\nThesedays,studentsinourclassarediscussingthewaystocelebr-ategraduation.Herearesomeresults.InJim'sopinion,hethinkshaveapartythatagoodwaytorelax.InMike'sview,ontheonehand,hethinksplanttreesthatcanmakeourschoolbeautiful.Ontheotherhand,hethinksitalsocanprotecttheenv-iroment.It'swonderful.Howere.InNancy'sperspective,Theycanmakeavideotorecordschoollife.Shethinksitwillbehelpfulifwedo.AsfarasIamconcerned,takeavocationwithyourfriendsit'same-aningfulandcolorfulthing.Inthatway,youcangettogetherandhaveagoodtimewithyourfriends.Itmaybemakeyourfriendshipstronger.\nInJim'sopinion,hethinkshaveapartythatagoodwaytorelax.→heconsidershavingapartyasagoodwaytorelax.InMike'sview,ontheonehand,hethinksplanttreesthatcanmakeourschoolbeautiful.Ontheotherhand,hethinksitalsocanprotecttheenv-iroment.It'swonderful.→…hethinksplantingtreescannotonlymakeourschoolmorebeautiful,butalsoprotecttheenvironment.→InMike'sview,it'sagoodideatoplanttrees,whichcannotonly……InNancy'sperspective,Theycanmakeavideotorecordschoollife.Shethinksitwillbehelpfulifwedo.→…avideothatcanrecordschoollifewillbenefitusalot.\nThesedays,studentsinourclassarediscussingthewaystocelebr-ategraduation.Herearesomeideasfrommygroup.InJim'sopinion,heconsidershavingapartyasagoodwaytorelax.AsforMike,hethinksplantingtreescannotonlymakeourschoolmorebeautiful,butalsoprotecttheenvironment.While,toNancy,avideothatcanrecordschoollifewillbenefitusalot.Soshe'dliketobuyavideo.AsfarasI'mconcerned,t'sagoodideatotakeavocationwithyourfriends.Inthisway,youcangettogetherandhaveagoodtime.It'sreallyameaningfulandcolorfulthingasitmaymakeyourfriendshipstronger.\nRightnow,moreandmorepeoplearediggingintotheirfoodwith1.___(二)stickswhicharecalledchopsticks.Evenpeopleeatingwithknivesand2.(餐叉)begintolovethem.What’ssospecialaboutthem?Becausetheyhavedeepinfluenceinmanypeople’swaysoflife.Simplicity.There’s 3.__(几乎不)anythingsimplerthanchopsticks.Withnewtechnologydevelopingeveryday,thereis4.___(仍然)somethingthathasjustoneuse—simplytoeat.Alsothechopsticksdon’t5.___(花费)much.Inreallife,wedon’tneedtokeepimprovingthingsallthetime.Aim.Whenusingchopsticks,youcannotpickupeverythinginonego.Knowwhatyouwantandjustdoit.Sometimes,alittlebitoffocusmakesthedifference6.___(在…之间)failureandsuccess.Practice.Usingchopsticksdoesn’tcomenaturally.Youhavetolearntousethemandpracticeit.Mostwould7.___(同意)thatthere’snobetterwaythantopractice.Inreallife,youmayhavemanythingsyouwanttodo,butitwilljustbea 8._____(梦想)ifyoudon’ttrydoingit.\nSlowingdown.Ahealthywaytoeatistoeatwithchopsticks.Itslowsyoudownandit9.____(允许)yourstomachtotellyourbrainyouarefullbeforeyouovereat.Inourlife,wesometimesneedslowdowntohavetimetothink,torealizethatwe’reactuallyfullanddon’thavetorushfull10.____(速度)throughlife.\nanswers:Areyoucorrect?1.two2.forks3.hardly4.still5.cost6.between7.agree8.dream9.allows/permits10.speed\nhomework\n29答疑环节针对这节课的内容还有哪些问题吗？\n\n