初中英语数词专项 12页

数词讲解专项练习1数词的讲解一、定义：表示数目或顺序二、分类：分为基数词和序数词两种。表示数目或数量多少的词叫基数词；表示数目顺序的词叫序数词。三、基数词的构成：1）1-12的基数词是独立的单词，即：one，two，three，four，five，six，seven，eight，nine，ten，eleven，twelve。2）13-19的基数词以-teen结尾。如：fourteen，seventeen等，但13，15，18较特殊，13—thirteen,15—fifteen,18—eighteen。3）20-90的整十位均以-ty结尾。如：sixty，ninety，但20，30，40，50，80较特殊，20—twenty,30—thirty,40—forty,50—fifty,80—eighty。4）十位数与个位数之间要加连字符号"-"，如：28-twenty-eight，96-ninety-six。5）百位和十位（若无十位则和个位）之间加and，如：148—onehundredandforty-eight406—fourhundredandsix6）hundred（百），thousand（千），million（百万），billion（十亿）等前面即使有具体的数词，several,some,many也不能在它们的后面加-s。如：sixhundred，eightmillion。如果表示不确定数目时，用hundredsof/thousandsof/millionsof/billionsof+名词复数,前面不能再加数字。7）1000以上的数字，从后往前数每三位加一个逗号"，"第一个逗号前为千（thousand），第二个逗号前为百万（million），第三个逗号前为billion（十亿）。英语中无“万”这个词，我们可以用"几十个千（thousand）"表示几万，"几百个千（thousand）"表示"几十万"。如：2，510＝twothousandfivehundredandten84，296＝eighty-fourthousandtwohundredandninety-six274，350＝twohundredandseventy-fourthousandthreehundredandfifty。四、序数词的构成：1）序数词一般是以与之相应的基数词尾加-th构成，如：fourth,tenth,但以下的这些基数词变为序数词时，有特别之处。One—first,two—second,three—third,five—fifth,nine—ninth,twelve—twelfth2）以_ty结尾的单词，要先变y为i,在加-eth.。如：thirty—thirtieth,fifty—fiftieth3）以one,two,three等结尾的多位数词，要将个位数变成序数词。如：twenty-one—twenty-first,onehundredandone—onehundredandfirst注意：序数词前常用定冠词，有时还可以用不定冠词a/an则表示"又一"的意思。（没有具体围的限制）如：Mr.Brownhasasecondcar.布朗先生另外还有一辆车。Hehastriedasecondtime.他又尝试了一次。\n五、数词的应用1)时刻的表示:小时、点钟、分钟、秒钟要用基数词。①“几点钟”用基数词加o'clock。o'clock可省略。如:5点钟-five(o'clock)②“几点过几分”,≤30分钟"用介词past。如:7:15—fifteen/aquarterpastseven7:30—halfpastseven③“差几分几点”用介词"to"。如:7:40—twentytoeight7:45—fifteen/aquartertoeight。④日常生活中的时间读法常常简化,直接按基数词的顺序读。如:7:05—sevenofive7:15—sevenfifteen。2)年月日的表示:①年份用基数词,如:1999年—nineteenninety-nine1900年—nineteenhundred2000年—twothousand1905年—nineteenofive;②年用基数词,日用序数词。如:1998年6月8日写作:June8,1998;读作:Junetheeighth,nineteenninety-eight或theeighthofJune,nineteenninety-eight。3)世纪、年代表示法,如:(在)90年代(in)thenineties(在)19世纪(in)thenineteenthcentury(在)18世纪30年代(in)the1730s或inthe1730's4)编号的表示:①基数词放到名词的后边,该名词一般要大写;序数词放到名词的前面,加定冠词。Lesson1/thefirstlesson第一课Row3/thethirdrow第三排②BusNo.3=theNo.3bus3路公共汽车。③表示住所时不用No.如:Room302读作:roomthreeotwo302房间。④如果编号的数词比较长,一般用基数词。如:Page457第457页。⑤,用基数词,如:3855633-threeeightdoublefivesixdoublethree。5)分数的表达:分子用基数词,分母用序数词,分子大于"1",分母则加"s"。如:1/3onethird2/3twothirds1/2a/onehalf1/4onefourth或a/onequarter3/4threefourths或threequarters6)表示有小数的词用基数词,如:\n5.5fivepointfive12.135twelvepointonethreefive7)表示百分数,如:5℅:fivepercent0.8℅zeropointeightpercent注意:分数、百分数与主谓一致当分数、百分数修饰可数名词的复数时,谓语动词用复数形式;当分数、百分数修饰不可数名词时,谓语动词用单数形式。如:EightypercentofthestudentsinourschoolcomefromHenan.我们学校百分之八十的学生来自。ThreefourthsofthestudentsinmyclassareinterestedinEnglish.我们班四分之三的学生对英语感兴趣。Twothirdsofthewaterontheearthisseawater.地球上三分之二的水是海水。8)其他用法,如:①基数词+单数名词+形容词构成合成形容词。如:afive-year-oldboy一个五岁的男孩an800-metre-longbridge一座800米长的桥girls’400-metrerelayrace女子400米接力②具体数词+metre(s)/kilometre(s)/kilo(s)long/high/tall/deep/away等。如:TheChangjiangRiveris6,300kilometreslong.长江长6300公里。③表示“几十岁”用基数词的复数形式,如:inhisthirties在他三十几岁时④倍数的表达:一倍用once,两倍用twice,两倍以上用基数词+times。如:fivetimes5倍补充:倍数的表示法:1.表示“几倍大小(长短;数量)”,由“倍数+thesize(length,amountwidthageheight.)+of”结构组成。如:Theearthisforth-ninetimesthesizeofthemoon.地球的大小是月亮的四十九倍。2.表示“„„比„„大几倍”,由“倍数+形容词(副词)比较级+than+被比较部分”结构组成。如:Thisboxisthreetimesbiggerthanthatone.这个箱子比那个箱子大三倍。(这个箱子是那个箱子的四倍。)数词练习()1.Everyyear,_____peoplegotovisittheirfactoryA.athousandofBthousandsC.thousandofD.thousandsof()2.Tomhasjustfinishedwritinga_________article.A.nine-hundred-wordsB.nine-hundreds-word\nC.nine-hundred-wordD.nine-hundreds-words()3._______peoplelosttheirhomesinJapan’searthquake.A.TwothousandsB.ThousandC.ThousandsofD.Thousandof()4.Lastyear,IvisitedachemicalfactoryinBaise,thereareabout_____workersinit.A.sixthousandsB.sixthousandC.sixthousandsofD.sixthousandof()5.About_______ofthestudentsinourclasswereborninthe_____.A.two-thirds,1990sB.two-thirds,1990C.two-third,1990sD.two-third,1990()6.NowadaysofbusinesslettersarewritteninEnglish.A.twothirdB.twothirdsC.twothreeC.secondthree()7.—Ifa=4,b=5,what’stheanswertothequestion“a+2ab+1=?”—A.Forty-fifthB.Forty-fiveC.Twenty-threeD.Onehundredandtwenty-one()8.—Howoftendoyouexercise?—_________aweek.A.TwoB.TwiceC.SecondD.Three()9.Theteachersaidthat__oftheboyswouldtakepartinthetalentshow.A.threefiveB.threefivesC.thirdsfifthsD.threefifths()10.Tomorrowistheboy’s________birthday.A.seventhB.sevenC.seventeenD.aseventh()11.—Whichisthebiggestnumberofthefour?—.A.One-thirdB.Two-thirdsC.AhalfD.Aquarter()12.—Excuseme,wherecanIbuyajacket?—YoucangototheMen'sWearSectiononthe_________floor.A.twoB.twiceC.secondD.three()13.___ofthelandiscoveredwithtreesandgrassinPingjiang,Yueyang.A.ThreefivesB.ThreefifthsC.ThreefifthD.Threesfifth()14.Septemberis_____monthoftheyear.A.ninthB.nineC.thenineD.theninth()15.—Howwasyourdayoffyesterday?—Perfect!Itwasmygrandma’s________birthday.Wehadabigcake.A.eightyB.eightiethC.theeightiethD.theeightieth()16.—Excuseme,howcanIgettothemuseum?—Sorry.It'smy______timetobehere.A.oneB.firstC.onceD.two()17.Youcansee_______ifyougooutatnight.\nA.millionstarsB.thousandofstarsC.hundredsstarsD.millionofstars()18.—Isthisyour________visittomyhometown,Zunyi?—No.I’vebeenhereformanytimes.A.oneB.thefirstC.firstD.twice()19.Morethanninestudentsaredoingsportsnow.A.hundredsB.hundredofC.hundredD.hundredsof()20.Now,everybody,pleaseturntoPage________andlookatthe________picture.A.Fifth;fiveB.Five;fifthC.Fifth;fifthD.Five;five()21.Forbreakfast,Iusuallyhave______andtwopiecesofbread.A.acupofmildhalfB.halfacupofmilkC.ahalfmilkcupD.halfamilkcup()22.ThegovernmentofChongqingisbuilding_______cheapandgoodhousesforthepeople.A.thousandB.thousandsC.thousandofD.thousandsof()1.Thereareabout________studentsinourschool.A.twothousandofB.twothousandsC.twothousandsofD.twothousand()2.Thereare________studentsinourgrade.A.threehundredsandforty-fiveB.threehundredandfortyfiveC.threehundredforty-fiveD.threehundredandforty-five()3.Sundayis________dayoftheweek.A.thefirstB.oneC.heseventhD.theseven()4.Pleasecometomyoffice________.A.athalfpasteightB.athalfpassedeitherC.inhalfpasteightD.onhalfpasteight()5.Ifyouwanttogotothecinema,take________.A.busNo.theninthB.theNo.9busC.No.9thebusD.No.theninthbus\n()6.TheGreenscametoChina________.A.in1984October27B.inOctober27,1984C.on27,1984OctoberD.onOctober27,1984()7.Thestorytookplacein________.A.nineteencenturiesB.nineteencenturyC.thenineteenthcenturyD.nineteenthcentury()8.IwastoldtheywouldstayinChinafor________.A.oneandahalfyearsB.oneandahalfyearC.oneandhalfyearsD.onehalfandoneyear()9.Tomorrowwearegoingtolearn________.A.LessonSecondB.theLessonTwoC.LessonTwoD.secondlesson()10.Ithinkthatthefirstdayofspringis________.A.twenty-twoofMarchB.twenty-secondonMarchC.twenty-twoinMarchD.thetwenty-secondofMarch()11.________letteroftheword“restaurant”is“n”.A.TheninethB.NinethC.TheninthD.Ninth()12.Wetalkedfor________.A.halfahourB.halfhourC.anhourhalfD.halfanhour()13.Thebuswillleaveat________thisafternoon.A.threefifteenB.threeandfifteenC.threequartersD.fiftytothree()14.Theearthis________thesizeofthemoon.\nA.49thetimesB.49timesC.49timeD.fourty-ninetimes()15.It’sa________ruler.A.two-feet-longB.twofeetlongC.two-foot-longD.two-foot-long()16.________studentsareplantingtrees.A.SeveralhundredsB.SeveralhundredC.FivehundredsD.Fivehundredof()17.________tofinishquickly.A.NoeverystudentwantsB.NoeverystudentwantC.NoteverystudentwantsD.Noteverystudentwant()18.________ago,ourcountrywascoveredbythickforests.A.SeveralmillionofyearB.SeveralmillionyearC.SeveralmillionyearsD.Severalmillionofyears()19.Theweightofthemoonisonlyabout________ofthatoftheearth.A.oneeightyB.oneofeightyC.onetheeightiethD.oneeightieth()20.It’s11:45.Yes,it’s________.A.fifteenpasttwelveB.fifteenfromtwelveC.aquarterpasteightiethD.aquartertotwelve()21.Whatdateisit?It’s________.A.Julytwentieth-firstB.ofJulytwenty-firstC.thetwenty-firstofJulyD.aquartertotwelve()22.----________,please?----ItwasApril25th.A.HowoldareyouB.Whatwasthedateyesterday\nC.WhattimewasitD.Whatdayisittoday()23.Ihave________thingstodo.Ican’tplay________.A.many,nomoreB.alotof,anymoreC.much,moreD.much,anymore()24.Ihavea________paperonmydesk.A.littleB.lotC.lotsD.littleof()25.Thisis________.A.thequestionthirtyB.thequestionthirteenC.thirtyquestionD.questionthirteen()26.________oftheworkhasbeendone.A.TwothirdB.TwothreeC.TwothirdsD.Twothird()27.It’s________now.Let’shurry.A.halfpassedsixB.thirtypassedsixC.halfpasssixD.halftoseven()28.What’sthedatetoday?It’s________.A.theJunefourthB.thefourthofJuneC.ofJunethefourthD.fourthJune()29.Nextweekwe’regoingtolean________.A.unit5B.theunit5C.Unit5D.5Unit()30.Doyouhavemuchworktodothisweekend?Yes,Ihavetowritea________paper.A.two-thousand-wordB.two-thousand-wordsC.two-thousands-wordD.two-thousands-words()31.Thetreeis________tall.A.forteenfeetB.fourteenfeetC.fourteenfootD.fourtyfoot\n()32.Fiftyplus________.A.fourtyisninetyB.fortyisninetyC.thirtyisninetyD.fourtyisninety()33.Thereare________studentsinthisschool.A.fourhundredfifty-twoB.fourhundredsfifty-twoC.fourhundredandfifty-twoD.fourhundredandfiftytwo()34.Myhomeisabout________awayfromtheschool.A.threehundredmetreB.threehundredsmetresC.threehundredmetresD.threehundredsmetre()35.Decemberis________andlastmonthisayear.A.thetwelvethB.twelvethC.thetwelfthD.twelfth()36.________oftheteachersintheschoolarefromcolleges.A.ThreequartersB.Two-thirdC.TwofifthD.Two-nineths()37.Therearetwoworldwarsduring________century.A.thetwentiesB.thetwentiethC.twentiesD.twentieth()39.Intheforties,hisfatherservedintheNew________Army（新四军）,whilethismotherworkedinthe________RouteArmy.（八路军）A.thetwenty-firstlessonB.LessonTwentyFirstC.the21thlessonD.Lesson21th()40.Hewillstayherefor________.A.oneandhalfmonthB.oneandahalfmonth\nC.onemonthsandhalfD.oneandahalfmonths()41.----What’sthedatetoday?----It’s________.A.nineB.MondayC.June5D.11:00()42.----Wouldyouliketoeat________apples?----No,thankyou.A.moretwoB.twomoreC.twoanotherD.twoelse()43.Hesaidhewouldcomebackin________.A.oneortwodaysB.aortwodaysC.oneandtwodaysD.adayandtwo()44.---Howoftendoyouwritetoyourparentsabroad?----________.A.TwiceamonthB.SecondtimesamonthC.AsecondtimeamonthD.Secondatimeamonth()45.________peoplediedinthetrafficaccidentsintheworld.A.ThousandofB.ThousandsofC.TenthousandsofD.Tenthousandof()46.Whatisthetime?It’s________.(4:25)A.fourtwenty-fiveB.fourpasttwenty-fiveC.twenty-fivetofourD.fourtwentyfive()47.Mr.Smithliveson________floor.A.fivethB.fifthC.thefivethD.thefifth()48.HebegantolearnEnglishinhis________.A.fiftyB.fiftiethC.fiftiesD.fifth()49.Hissisterwasborn________.A.in1998,October21B.on1998,October21C.inOctober21,1998D.onOctober21,1998\n()50.Whenhewas________,helefthometoworkindifferentcities.A.inhistwentyB.athistwentyC.inhistwentiesD.athistwenties()51.I’m________thanyou.A.fiveyearsolderB.fifteenyearoldC.fifteenyearsD.fifteenold()52.----Howoldareyou?----I’m________.A.fifteenyearsoldB.fifteenyearoldC.fifteenyearsD.fifteenold()53.----Howmanyteachersarethereinyourschool?----________,butI’mnotsure.A.HundredsB.HundredC.HundredsD.Onehundred()54.About________ofthebooksinourschoollibraryarewritteninChinese.A.four-fifthB.four-fifthsC.fourth-fifthsD.fourths-fifth()55.Theyplanted________treesonthefarmlastyear.A.twohundredsB.twohundredofC.twohundredsofD.hundredsof()56.Ithinkthatthe________centurywillbringusmorehopes.A.twenty-oneB.twentieth-firstC.twenty-firstD.twentieth-one()57.Ithink________lessonisthemostdifficultinthisbook.A.fiveB.fifthC.thefifthD.fifteen()58.________travelerscometovisitourcityeveryyear.A.HundredofB.HundredsofC.FiveHundredsD.Hundred()59.Wehavefive________studentsinourschool.A.hundredofB.HundredsofC.hundredD.hundreds\n()60.________oftheteachersintheschoolis300.________ofthemarewomenteachers.A.Thenumber,firstfourthB.Thenumber,onefourthC.Anumber,onesecondD.Anumber,threequarters()61.TheEnglishswimmercamein________third.A.aB.anC./D.the()62.________Ifoundoutthathewasawayintown.A.OtherdayB.OnedayC.AdayD.Someday()63.Play________musicforme,willyou?A.aB.apieceofC.anD.somepieceof()64.________ofthelandiscovered________water.A.Twothird,byB.Twothree,withC.Twothirds,byD.Twothird,with参考答案：一、1.D2.D3.A4.A5.B6.D7.C8.A9.C10.D11.C12.D13.A14.B15.C16.B17.C18.C19.D20.D21.C22.B23.B24.A25.D26.C27.C28.B29.C30.A31.B32.B33.C34.C35.C36.A37.B38.A39.A40.D41.C42.B43.A44.A45.B46.A47.D48.C49.D50.C51.A52.A53.D54.B55.D56.C57.C58.B59.C60.B61.C62.B63.B64.C