初中英语的时态 4页

4初二学过的六大时态一、一般现在时概念：经常、反复发生的动作。时间状语：always,usually,often,sometimes,everyweek(day,year,month…),onceaweek,onSundays,etc.基本结构：①be动词；Heistall.②行为动词.其他人称用动词原形。I/We/You/You/They+V原。主语是第三人称单数时用动词的“单三形式”，★动词三单形式的变化规则：1.（1）多数直接在动词词尾加-s.play—playslike—likesask---askswork---worksget---getscall---calls　（2）以字母s,x,ch,sh或o结尾的动词，在词尾直接加-es.watch---watcheswish---wishesdo---doesgo---goesfix---fixed,discuss---discusses　（3）以“辅音字母加-y”结尾的动词，要先变y为i再加-es.　　try---triesstudy---studiescry---criesfly---flies2.不规则变化：be----ishave----has3.一般现在时的句子转换：（1）变一般疑问句：当句子中有be动词或情态动词时，则把be动词或情态动词(can,could等)提到主语的前面.（2）变否定句：在be动词或情态动词后面直接加not变成否定句.(be后not莫忘记)　　例：①陈述句：Sheismysister..　　疑问句→Issheyoursister?Yes,sheis../No,sheisn`t.　　否定句→Sheisnotmysister.②陈述句：Icanplaysoccer.　　疑问句→Canyouplaysoccer?Yes,Ican./No,Ican’t.否定句→Icannot/can’tplaysoccer.（3）当句子中没有be动词，也没有情态动词时，变一般疑问句时，在主语前加助动词do(I,we,you,以及复数),does（第三人称单数she,he,it等）变成问句；（4）变否定句时，在主语后谓语动词前加助动词don’t,doesn’t变成否定句，切记：助动词后的动词则还原成动词原形。　　例：①陈述句：Wegetup（起床）at7:00everymorning.　　疑问句→Doyougetupat7:00everymorning?　　否定句→Wedon’tgetupat7:00everymorning.②陈述句：Shehasabrother.疑问句→Doesshehaveabrother?否定句→Shedoesn’thaveabrother.巩固练习题：一、按照要求改写句子1Sheenjoysswmimingverymuch.(变为否定句)2Ilikeapples.(用she改写句子)3Idon`tthinkhe______(need)anagent.4.Nick_______(notgo)tothezooonSunday.5.______they________(like)pears?6_______yourparents_______(have)eggseveryday?7.Mike____(like)____(cook).8Theboyoften___(watch)TV,.he____(notdo)homeworkatnight.二一般过去时：概念：过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态.时间状语：ago,yesterday,thedaybeforeyesterday,lastweek(year,night,month…),in1989,justnow,attheageof5,oneday,longlongago,etc.4\n4基本结构：①be动词；②行为动词否定形式：①was/were+not;②在行为动词前加didn't，同时还原行为动词。(3)couldn`t+v一般疑问句：①was或were放于句首；②用助动词do的过去式did提问，同时还原行为动词。(3)couldIwasastudent6yearsago.(否定句和一般疑问句)Icouldplaythepianolastyear.(否定句和一般疑问句)Theysawafilmlastnight.(否定句和一般疑问句)动词过去式变化规则。a)一般情况下的词加-ed.work---workedcall----calledlaugh----laughedb)以不发音的字母e结尾的单词直接加-dlive----livedchange----changedgraduate----graduatedc)以“辅音字母＋y”结尾的单词，变y为i加-ed.study----studiedcarry----carriedcry----criedd)以“元音字母＋y”结尾的单词直接加-ed.play----playedstay----stayed巩固练习题：1Howwasyourweekendonthefarm?---Great!We_______withthefarmers.A.enjoyourselvesB.wentfishingC.willworkD.makefriends2Heturnedoffthelightandthen_______.A.leavesB.hasleftC.willleaveD.left3---LiuMeican’tcometonight.---Why?Butshe_______meshewouldcome.A.tellsB.toldC.istold三、现在进行时：概念：表示现阶段或说话时正在进行的动作。时间状语：now,atthistime,thesedays,look,listen,Whereisyourfather?Heisdoingetc.基本结构：am/is/are+doing否定形式：am/is/are+not+doing.动词现在分词的构成①   一般动词直接在词后加-ingdo–doingread-readingstudy–studyinggo–going②   以不发音的字母e结尾的动词，应先去掉e然后加–inglike–likingtake–takingleave–leavinglive–livingdance–dancing③   以“一个元音字母+一个辅音字母”结尾的动词，应先双写这个辅音字母然后再加-ingstop–stoppingbegin–beginningswim–swimmingrun–runningsit–sittingput---puttingplan--planningget---getting巩固练习题：1Look!Theboy______withhismotherinthepool.A.isswimmingB.isswimmingC.areswimmingD.areswiming2.---WhatisTomdoingintheclassroom?---He______somethingontheblackboard.A.drawsB.drawC.isdrawingD.aredrawing.3Somegirls______(run)whilesomeboysareplayingbasketballnow.4Heoftenwearsahat.(now).______________now.5____yourffather____(clean)hiscar?No,heiscooking.四、过去进行时：概念：表示过去某一时刻正在发生或进行的行为。时间状语：atthistimeyesterday,atthattime或以when引导的谓语动词是一般过去时的时间状语等。基本结构：was/were+doing否定形式：was/were+not+doing.用动词的适当形式填空。1.Whilewe__________(wait)forthebus,agirlrantous.2.I__________(telephone)afriendwhenBob__________(come)in.3.Whilemother________(put)Cathytobed,thedoorbell________(ring).4.WhenI__________(walk)inthepark,it__________(begin)torain.5.Itwasquitelateatnight.George__________(read)andAmy__________(ply)herneedlewhenthey4\n4__________(hear)aknockatthedoor.6.I_____(have)mybreakfastathalfpastsixyesterdaymorning.7.What_____you___(do)atthattime?  We_____(watch)TV.8.Wasyourfatherathomeyesterdayevening?Yes,hewas.He_____(listen)totheradio.9They_____(notmake)acakewhenIsawhim.10._____they____(have)ameetingat4yesterdayafternoon?No,they_____.They_____(clean)theclassroom.11.______it______(rain)whenyouleftschool? Yes,it____.12.What_____yourfather_____(do)whenyourmothercalled?13.Whilemyfather____(look)throughtheeveningpaper,hesuddenly____acry.(hear)五一般将来时：概念：表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、计划或准备做某事。时间状语：tomorrow,nextday(week,month,year…),soon,inafewminutes,thedayaftertomorrow,基本结构：①am/is/are/goingto+do；②will/shall+do.3bedoing巩固练习题：()1.Ifhe_______harder,hewillcatchupwithussoon.A.studyB.studiesC.willstudyD.studied()2.---Jimmyisleavingforaholiday.---Really?Where_______he_______?A.has;goneB.will;goC.did;goD.would;go()3Frank_______toseehisgrandmaifhe_______freetomorrow.A.willcome;willbeB.comes;isC.willcome;isD.comes;willbe()4.There_______atalkinourschoolnextMonday.A.willgiveB.willbeC.isgoingtogiveD.is()5.---Shallwegoshoppingnow?---Sorry,Ican’t.I_______myshirts.A.washB.washesC.washedD.amwashing()6.---Comebackhomeeverymonth.---I_______.A.willB.mustC.shouldD.Can7Heworksasareporter.(intenyears)He_________intenyears.六过去将来时：概念：立足于过去某一时刻，从过去看将来，常用于宾语从句中。基本结构：①was/were/goingto+do；②would/should+do.巩固练习题：1LiMingsaidhe_____happyifBrian_____toChinanextmonth.A.as;comeB.was;wouldcomeC.wouldbe;cameD.willbe;come2.Jennysaidshe_____herholidayinChina.A.spentB.wouldspentC.wasgoingtospentD.wouldspend3.—Whatdidyoursonsayintheletter?—Hetoldmethathe______theDisneyWorldthenextday.A.willvisitB.hasvisitedC.isgoingtovisitD.wouldvisit4.IhopedTina______tomybirthdaypartyontimethenextWednesday.A.tocomeB.iscomingC.willcomeD.wascoming5.Fathersaidthathe______metoBeijingthenextyear.A.tookB.wouldtakeC.takesD.willtake6.Wewerenotsureifthey______morevegetables.A.aregoingtogrowB.weregoingtogrowC.willgrowD.havegrownII.用所给动词的适当形式填空1.MissZhangsaidshe________(visit)theGreatWallnextsummer.2.Shetoldhimthatshe________(notstay)hereforlong.4\n43.Iwasn’tsureifLucy_______(come)thenextyear.4.Hewasfifty-six.Intwoyearshe_______(be)fifty-eight.5Mikesaidhe_____(help)meifI____(help)him.时态综合练习1.     Weusually___(get)upat7:00everymorning.2.     She___(watch)TVwhensheheardaloudknockatthedoorthistimeyesterday.3.     Mymother___(come)heretomorrow.4.     Look!Someone___(dance)there.5. WeiHua’sbrother___(join)thearmyin1995.6.   He___(write)aletterthisafternoon.7.Helookedunhappy.What______(happen)tohim?  .8.    Shesaidthatshe___(go)toJapanthenextyear.9.What____you_____(do)whentheUFOarrived?10. Wedon`tknowifMrZhang_____(come)toourschool.Ifhe_____(come)tomorrow,we____(feel)excited.单选()1.Willthere_____fewertrees?A.beB.isC.have()2.--Willtherebefewertrees?-____A.Yes,therewillB.Yes,theywill.C.No,therearen’t.()3.Theplanwillleave____tenminutes.AinBbeforCforDat()4.OnMarch12th,two_____studentsplanted________trees.A.hundredsof,hundredsB.hundreds,hundredsofC.hundred,hundredsof()5.Ifyoulive_____,youwillfell_____.A.alone,aloneB.lonely,aloneC.alone,lonely()6.Ifyouwanttobehealthier,youshoulseat____foodandtake_____exercise.A.more,lessB.less,moreC.fewer,moreDmore,fewer()7.Youdon’tlikethepicture.Idon’tlikeit,_____.A.tooB.alsoC.either()8.Myfriendhasthesamehaircut_______Ido.A.asB.likeC.lookslike()9Ifyoubringfoodstotheparty,theteacherswill___.A.takeitawayB.takethemaway()10Itisfoggy(多雾的)today.Theplanecan't.A.takeawayB.takeoffCtakecareD.takeplace()11.LastyearIwasoftenill,butnowIamingood_______AhealthyB.healthC.unheathy()12.Lisawassupposedherhomework.A.tofinishB.tofinishingC.finishing()13.We’llstayathomeifit_______tomorrow.A.willrainB.rainsC.rainedD.raining()14.OnedaywhenIwentintohisroom,Isawhim___onthetable.A.sittingBwassittingCsatDsit()24.Sallyasked________________________.A.howcanshegettothezoo.B.howshecouldgettothezoo.D.wherewasthezoo.词语运用at,hard,change,up,before,win,happen,down,choose,practise,come,partLifeisnoteasy,soI’dliketosay“Whenanything(1),believeinyourself!”WhenIwasayoungboy,Iwastooshytospeaktoanyone.Myclassmatesoftenlaughed(2)me.Iwassadbutcoulddonothing.Later,somethinghappened,andit(3)mylife.ItwasanEnglishspeechcontest(比赛).Mymotheraskedmetotake(4)init.Whataterribleidea!ItmeantIhadtospeak(5)alltheteachersandstudentsofmyschool!“Comeon,boy.Believeinyourself!Youaresureto(6).”ThenmotherandItalkedaboutmanydifferenttopics.AtlastI(7)thetopic“Believeinyourself”.Itriedmybesttorememberallthespeechand(8)itover100times.Withmymother’sgreatlove,Ididwellinthecontest.Icould(9)______believemyearswhenthenewscamethatIhadwonthefirstplace.Iheardthecheersfromtheteachersandstudents.Thoseclassmateswhooncelooked(10)onme,nowallsaidcongratulationstome.4