初中英语语法 4页

初中英语语法：介词to的用法归纳一：表示相对，针对　　bestrange(common,new,familiar,peculiar,distinct,sensitive,immune,vulnerable,indispensable)to　　Airisindispensabletolife.　　Aircraftsarevulnerabletointerferencecausedbyradiation.　　Thisinjectionwillmakeyouimmunetoinfection.　　二：表示对比，比较　　1：以-ior结尾的形容词，后接介词to表示比较，如：superior,inferior,prior,senior,junior　　Thequarrelhappenedpriortomyarrival.　　2:一些本身就含有比较或比拟意思的形容词，如equal，similar，equivalent，analogous　　AissimilartoBinmanyways.　　3：表示一些先后顺序的形容词，如：second,subsequent,next,preliminary,preparatory　　Subsequenttothewar,theyreturnedtotheirhometown.　　4:to也偶尔出现在个别动词之后,与动词形成固定词组,表示比较,如:preferto,compareto,incontrastto　　comparetosth.表示比喻或比拟,而comparewithsth.表示比较,如:　　Worldisusuallycomparedtoastage　　Comparedwithhispast,hehaschangedalot.　　Prefer的正确句型是:preferAtoB或preferdoingAtodoingB,但当prefer后接动词不定式时,表示比较的介　　词to就要改成ratherthan,如:　　Theundauntedsoldierpreferreddeathtosurrender.　　Manypeoplepreferspendingmoneytoearningmoney.\n　　Theyprefertopursuecareersratherthanremainhomeashousewives.　　5:to与及个别的名词构成比较之意,如:alternative　　Goingtoanunderwaterconcertisagreatalternativetogoingtodinner.　　三:表示修饰关系　　1:表示回复,反应意思的词,如:answertoquestion,　　solutiontoproblem,responsetoinquiry,reactiontoproposal,replytoletter　　2:表示建筑构件的词汇,如:entry,entrance,approach,access,passage,exit,vent,path　　theapproachtoabridge引桥　　theapproachtoscience　　Halfofthepopulationwasestimatedtohavenoaccesstothehealthservice.　　Theaccesstoeducation接受教育的机会　　Theaccesstomedicalcare享受公费医疗的权利　　3:表示人物职位和官衔的词,如:assistanttomanager,ambassadortoSpain,successortotradition,heirto　　throne,deputytotheNationalPeople’sCongress　　advisortothePrimeMinister　　4:表示权利和许可的词汇,如:right,admission　　Theemployeefinallygottheadmissiontotheboardroom.　　Everyonehasanequalrightto……..　　5:表示栅栏或障碍的词汇,如:barstodevelopment,thebarriertoprogress　　6:表示与书籍,文本相关的词,如:introductiontopassage.　　7:表示恭喜或是祝贺,如:　　Thedirectorproposedatoasttothehealthoftheguests.\n　　Let'sdrinktoDick’ssuccessinbusiness　　8:另外还有一些名词符合这种用法,有的具有两者息息相关,缺一不可的含义.如:keytodoor,invitationto　　party,　　guidetoaction,limitationtolife,accessorytoschool　　四:to还具有依据,伴随,和着节奏的含义,　　如:singtopiano,chancetothetune,stamptotherhythmofthesong,addsalttotaste　　(一)：表示相关联，相连接，如：berelatedto,berelativeto,inrelationto,berelevantto,linkto　　Investigateallthefactsrelatedtotheproblem.　　Peopleoftenlinkedwalthtohappiness.　　(二)：表示反对和赞同。　　1：to引导的表示反对，抗拒，对抗意义的词组。Beopposedto,beoppsistto,becontraryto,beadverseto,be　　resistantto,becontradictoryto,objectto,opposeto,denytp,bealineto　　Thesebuildingsareresistanttoearthquake.　　Theyaretotallyopposedtoanychangesbeingmadeintheplans.　　2:to引导的表示同意，赞同意义的词组：consentto,subseribeto,　　Theemployerconsentedtogivehimasalaryraise.　　表示调整，使符合，使适应的含义，如：adaptto,commodateto,adjustto,conformto,habituateto,fitto,suit　　to,correspondto,caterto　　Shetriedtohabituateherselftothestyleofplainliving.　　Youractionshouldconformtotheinterestsofthepeople.\n　　Theyofferedvariousfoodstocatertotheneedofcustomers.　　Hiswordsdoesn’tfittohisactions.　　Suityourwritingstyletothemasses.　　3:表示投降,屈服,服从的含义,如:besubjectto,besubordinateto,submitto,subjectto,surrenderto,givein　　to,confessto,admitto.　　Theminorityissubordinatetothemajority少数服从多数　　Countriesnearbyoceansarealwayssubjecttoearthquake.　　Heconfessedtohavingrobbedthewomanofherwallet.　　We’renotthekindofpeopletoyieldtoanymilitarythreat