初中英语宾语从句 10页

宾语从句专项【宾语从句重点梳理】一、宾语从句的连接词：1、当由陈述句充当宾语从句时，用that引导，连词that，只起连接作用，在从句中不作句子成分，也无词汇意义，在口语中常被省略。【e.g.】Heknew(that)heshouldworkhard.2、当由一般疑问句充当宾语从句时，用if或whether引导，意为“是否”。连词if、whether，它们起连接作用，在从句中不作句子成分，作“是否”解，在口语中多用if。【e.g.】Tomdon’tknowif/whetherhisgrandpalikedthepresent.　HeaskedmewhetherornotIwascoming.　　一般情况下，if和whether可以互换，但以下3种情况只能用whether：　　①在不定式前：Whethertogothereornothasn’tbeendecided.　　②在介词前：Itdependson(依靠)whetheritisgoingtorain.　　③与ornot连用：Theyaretalkingaboutwhethertogothereornot.3、如果宾语从句原来是特殊疑问句，只需用原来的疑问词引导。连接代词who,whom,whose,what,which，连接副词when,where,why,how，它们起连接作用，作句子成分，各有自己的意义。【e.g.】Theteacheraskedthenewstudentswhichclasshewasin.Iwonderwherehegotsomuchmoney.【注意】1、由连接代、副词引导的宾语从句可以和“疑问词+不定式”结构转化。【e.g.】Idon’tknowhowIshoulddowiththepresents./Idon’tknowhowtodowiththepresents.　　2、要注意区分判断由if、when引导的从句类型.二、宾语从句的语序：　宾语从句的语序是陈述语序，即“连接词+主语+谓语+其它成分”。特别强调：它的主语和谓语的语序是陈述语序，而不是疑问句的倒装结构。　　Canyoutellmewho(m)dowehavetosee?(╳)　　Canyoutellmewho(m)wehavetosee?(√)　　Theteacheraskedthestudentswhattheyweredoing.　　陈述句变为宾语从句时,要注意人称和时态的变化,语序不变。【e.g.】Shesaid,“Iwillleaveamessageonthedesk.”Shesaidshewouldleaveamessageonthedesk.第10页\n　　一般疑问句和特殊疑问句变为宾语从句时,也要注意人称和时态的变化,后面接陈述语序。【e.g.】“Wherearethetickets?”Iaskedhim.Iaskedhimwheretheticketsare.三、宾语从句的时态呼应：　　宾语从句中谓语动词的时态，常常受到主句谓语时态的制约，此为时态呼应。如果主句谓语是一般现在时或将来时，从句谓语的时态不受限制；如果主句谓语的时态是一般过去时，从句一般要随着改为相应的过去时态（一般过去时、过去进行时、过去将来时、过去完成时）。【e.g.】Ithought(that)youarefreetoday.(╳)　　Ithought(that)youwouldbefreetoday.(√)【注意】当宾语从句叙述的是客观真理时，不管主句谓语的时态如何，从句都用一般现在时。【e.g.】Theteachertoldus(that)theearthmovesaroundthesun.【宾语从句练习一】1.将下面的句子连接成为含有宾语从句的复合句。(1)TheseflowersarefromGuangdong.Hesaid.Hesaid_______theseflowers_______fromGuangdong.(2)Lighttravelsfasterthansound.Myteachertoldme.Myteachertoldme_____light_______fasterthansound.(3)Therewillbeameetinginfivedays.Jackdidn’tknow.Jackdidn’tknow______there__________ameetinginfivedays.(4)CantheyspeakFrench?Iwanttoknow.Iwanttoknow___________________________French.(5)Arethechildrenplayinggames?Tellme.Tellme______thechildren____________games.(6)Haveyoufinishedyourhomeworkyet?Mr.ZhaoaskedMaChaoMr.ZhaoaskedMaChao______________________________homeworkyet.(7)Howmanypeoplecanyouseeinthepicture?Whoknows?Whoknows_____________________________inthepicture?(8)Wheredidsheparkhercar?Doyouknow?Doyouknow______________hercar?(9)Whatdoesheoftentalkabout?Thegirlwondered.Thegirlwondered__________often________about.(10)Whoknockedatthedoorsoloudly?Idon’tknow.Idon’tknow___________atthedoorsoloudly.2.选择填空。第10页\n(1)WhatdidMikesay?Hesaid____________________.A.ifyouwerefreethenextweek         B.whatcolorwasitC.theweatherisfine                      D.summercomesafterspring(2)Tomaskedmyfriend________________.A.wherewashefrom                 B.thattheearthisbiggerthanthemoonC.whendidhecomeback        D.nottobesoangry(3)Letmetellyou__________________.A.howmuchisthecar                      B.howmuchdoesthecarcostC.howmuchdidIpayforthecar    D.howmuchIspentonthecar(4)Peterknew_________.A.whetherhehasfinishedreadingthebook     B.whytheboyhadsomanyquestionsC.therewere12monthsinayear              D.whentheywillleaveforParis【参考答案】1.(1)that,were  (2)that,travels  (3)if,wouldbe  (4)if,theycanspeak  (5)if,areplaying  (6)if,shehadfinishedher  (7)howmanypeopleyoucansee  (8)wheresheparked(9)whathe,talked  (10)whoknocked2.(1)D  (2)D  (3)D  (4)B【宾语从句练习二】I．从下列A、B、C、D中选择一个正确选项填空。1．Idon'tknow_________hewillcometomorrow．_________hecomes，I'lltellyou．A．if；WhetherB．whether；WhetherC．if；ThatD．if；If2．Idon'tknow_________thedayaftertomorrow．A．whendoeshecomeB．howwillhecomeC．ifhecomesD．whetherhe'llcome3．Couldyoutellme_____thenearesthospitalis？A．whatB．howC．whetherD．where4．Couldyoutellme_________theradiowithoutanyhelp？A．howdidhemendB．whatdidhemendC．howhemendedD．whathemended5．Iwanttoknow_______．A．whomisshelookingafterB．whomsheislookingC．whomisshelookingD．whomsheislookingafter6．Doyouknowwhere_________now？A．helivesB．doesheliveC．helivedD．didhelive第10页\n7．Doyouknowwhattime_________？A．thetrainleaveB．doesthetrainleaveC．willthetrainleaveD．thetrainleaves8．Idon'tknow_________．Canyoutellme，please？A．howthetwoplayersareoldB．howoldarethetwoplayersC．thetwoplayersarehowoldD．howoldthetwoplayersare9．Thesmallchildrendon'tknow_________．A．whatistheirstockingsinB．whatisintheirstockingsC．whereistheirstockingsinD．whatintheirstockings10．Ican'tunderstand_________．A．whatdoesChristmasmeanB．whatChristmasdoesmeanC．whatmeanChristmasdoesD．whatChristmasmeansII．按要求转换句型。1．DoesMr．BrownenjoylivinginChina？Couldyoutellus？（改写句子）→Couldyoutellus_________Mr．Brown_________livinginChina？2．“Doesthegirlneedanyhelp？”heaskedme．（变为复合句）→Heaskedme_________thegirl_________somehelp．3．Jimisnotastudent．Tomisnotastudent，either．（合并为一个句子）→_________Jim_________Tomisastudent．4．Whendoesthetrainleave？Iwanttoknow．（改为含宾语从句的复合句）→Iwanttoknow_________thetrain_________．5．Theywenthomeaftertheyhadfinishedtheirhomework．（用not．．．until改写）→They_________gohome_________theyhadfinishedtheirhomework．6．DidPetercomehereyesterday？LiLeiwantstoknow．（改为含宾语从句的复合句）→LiLeiwantstoknow_________Peter_________hereyesterday． 【参考答案】I．1—5DDDCD6—10ADDBDII．1．if／whether；enjoys2．if／whether；needed3．Neither；nor4．when；leaves5．didn't；until6．whether；came【宾语从句练习三】（一）1Thegirlsaskedifthey____somefoodanddrinkwiththem.A.tookB.takeC.takesD.willtake2Catherinesaidthatshe___toGuangzhou.A.hasnevergoneB.hadnevergoneC.hasneverbeenD.hadneverbeen3Thestudentswanttoknowwhetherthey___dictationtoday.第10页\nA.hadB.has.C.willhaveD.are4SheaskedLindaif__goandgetsome.A.couldsheB.shecouldC.shecanD.shemay5Lindasaidthemoon___roundtheearth.A.travelledB.hastravelledC.travellsD.hadtravelled答案：1-5ADCBC（二）1Canyoutellme___youwereborn,Betty?A.whoB.whatC.whenD.that2Idon'tknow___theyhavepassedtheexam.A.whatB.ifC.whenD.where3Ihardlyunderstand.___hehastoldme.A.thatB.whatC.whichD.who4Shedidn'tknow__backsoon.A.whetherhewouldbeB.ifwouldhebeC.hewillbe5.Idon'tknow___hestillliveshereaftersomanyyears.A.whetherBwhereC.whatD.when6.Doyouknow___theylistenedtoyesterdayevening?A.whatBwhenCwhyDhow7.Heaskedme_____toldmetheaccident.AwhomBwhichCwhoDwhose答案：1-7CBBAAAC（三）1.Theydon'tknowtheirparentsare.AthatBwhatCwhyDwhich2.Pleasetellme______whatlastyear.A.wheredoesyoursisterworkBwheredidyoursisterworkCwhereyoursisterworksDwhereyoursisterworked3.SheaskedmeifIknew______.A.whosepenisitB.whosepenitwasC.whosepenitisD.whosepenwasit4.Youmustremember_______.A.whatyourmothersaidB.whatdidyourmothersayC.yourmothersaidwhatD.whathasyourmothersaid5Didyouknow____?A.whohewaslookingafterB.whowashelookingforC.whoheislookingforD.whoheislookingafter第10页\n6Couldyoutellme___?A.whenwilltheyleaveBeijingB.whenwouldtheyleaveBeijingC.whentheywillleaveBeijingD.whendidtheyleaveBeijing答案：1-6BDBAAC（四）1.Inthebookshop,areaderaskedtheshopkeeper_____WhoMovedMyCheesewasaninterestingbook.（北京市东城区）A.thatB.howC.whatD.if2.—Idon'tknow_____Mr.Greenwillcometoseeus.—HewillhelpuswithourEnglish.（杭州市）A.whyB.whenC.howD.where3.—Weneverknow_____theoldmanis.—Theysayheisateacher.（鄂州市）A.whatB.whoC.whichD.where4.Iwastold_____BillGateswasthirteenhebegantoplaywithcomputers.（重庆市）A.thathowB.howthatC.whenthatD.thatwhen5.—Doyouknow___?I'mgoingtoseehim.—Sorry,Idon'tknow.（北京市海淀区）A.wheredoesMr.LiliveB.wheredidMr.LiliveC.whereMr.LilivesD.whereMr.Lilived6.—Wheredoyouthink___he__thecomputer?—Sorry,Ihavenoidea.（南京市）A.／;boughtB.has;boughtC.did;buyD.does;buy7.Idon'tfeelverywell.Mumaskedme_____thismorning.（重庆市）A.whatthematterisB.whatiswrongC.whatthematterwasD.whatwrongwas8.—WhereisJack?—Heisawaytospendhisholiday.He'sgoneeithertoHangZhouortoWuHan,butI'mnotsure_____.（南昌市）A.thatB.whichC.whereD.there答案：1—4DAAD5—8CACC【宾语从句练习四】基本型1.Hewon’tcome.Ithink.(变为复合句)(1996甘肃)I______thinkhe______come.2.“Doyouwashyourclothesyourself?”Tomaskedthegirlnexttohim.(改复合句)Tomaskedthegirlnexttohim__________________herclothesherself.3.DidPetercomehereyesterday?LiLeiwantstoknow.(改为宾从)(1999福州)第10页\nLiLeiwantstoknow______Peter______hereyesterday.4.Istheearthround?Thelittleboyasked.(改为宾语从句)Thelittleboyasked______theearth______round.5.“Wheredoeshelive?”Mr.Huasked.(改为复合句)Mr.Huaskedwhere______________.6.Tom’sfathersawhimsittingonsomeeggs.(改为复合句)Tom’sfathersaw__________________sittingonsomeeggs.7.Mrs.WhitetoldTomnottothrowpaperontheground.(改为复合句)(99上海)Mrs.whitetoldTom__________________throwpaperontheground.8.Pleasetellmewhereweshowourtickets.(改为简单句，保持原意)(98广西)Pleasetellme____________showourtickets.9.CanyoutellmehowIcangettothepostoffice?(改为简单句，保持原意)Canyoutellmethe___________thepostoffice?10.Rosedoesn’tknowwhentheyaregoingtorepairthewatch.(改为简单句)Rosedoesn’tknow____________repairthewatch.11.Theteachertoldtheboyswhattheyshoulddoandhowtheyshoulddoit.(改为简单句)Theteachertoldtheboys____________doand___________doit.12.Theearthmovesaroundthesun.Theteachersaid.(改为宾语从句)Theteachersaid______theearth______aroundthesun.13.Areyouhungry?Mymotheraskedme.(改为宾语从句)Mymotheraskedme__________________hungry.14.Whyhasn’tshecomeyet?Nobodyknows.(改为宾语从句)Nobodyknows___________________comeyet.提高型1.Idon’tknow_____hewillcometomorrow._____hecomes,I’lltellyou.A.if;WhetherB.whether;WhetherC.if;ThatD.if;if2.Couldyoutellme____theradiowithoutanyhelp?A.howdidhemendB.whatdidhemendC.howhemendedD.whathemended3.Couldyoutellme____dowiththemoney?A.howtoB.whatshouldIC.howIshouldD.whatIshould4.CanyoutellmehowmanyEnglishwords____since1996?A.haveyoulearnedB.didyoulearnC.youhavelearnedD.youlearned5.MissLiwantstoknow_____nextweek.A.whenmyuncleleavesB.whenwillmyuncle第10页\nC.wheremyunclewillstayD.wheredoesmyunclestay6.Canyoutellmewhen____?A.doestheshipleaveB.theshipwillleaveC.theshipleaveD.willtheshipleave7.Alicewantedtoknow____hergrandmotherlikedthebag.A.thatB.ifC.whichD.what8.Idon’tknow__Janewaslateforschoolthismorning.A.whoB.whatC.whomD.why9.Theydon’tknow____theirpresentsare.A.whenB.whyC.what10.Mikeaskedthegirlintheshop____thewatch____cheapenough.(1998云南)A.that;isB.if;wasC.that;wasD.whether;is11.Ithinkhe____backnextweek.A.comeB.willcomeC.cameD.hascome12.XiaoMaotoldmehe____afilmwithhismotherthenextday.A.wouldseeB.willwatchC.wouldlookD.willsee13.Couldyoutellmeifit____tomorrow?A.rainB.willrainC.rainingD.rains14.Hesaidthathe____speakalittleEnglishwhenhewasfive.A.mightB.WouldC.CouldD.can15.Iwanttoknowifthey____thespringsportsmeetingnextmonth.Ifthey____it,Imustgetreadyforit.A.hold;willholdB.willhold;holdC.hold;holdD.willhold;willhold综合型1.–Doyouremember__hecame?-Yes,Ido,hecamebycar.A.howB.whenC.ThatD.if2.Thatwomanwantedtoknow_____herdaughterlikedthesweater.A.whetherB.WhatC.ThatD.which3.Haveyoudecidedwhen_____forLondon?A.willyouleaveB.youwillleaveC.areyougoingD.youaregoing4.–Excuseme.Couldyoutellme____?-Certainly.A.whencanIgettothestationB.IcangettowhichstationC.whichstationcanIgettoD.howIcangettothestation5.–Whatdidyourmothersay,Tom?-Sheaskedmewhy____.A.mysistercryingB.mysisterwascryingC.ismysistercryingD.wasmysistercrying6.Iwonderwhattime_____arrive.A.doesthetrainB.willthetrainC.thetrainD.thetrainwill第10页\n7.Iwondered_____ourteacherdidthatfor.A.thatB.ifC.whatD.why8.Didyouhear_____?A.whatdidIsayB.whatIsaidC.thatIsaidD.Isaidwhich9.Canyoutellmewhichroom_____?A.doesheliveinB.doeshelivesC.helivesinD.helives10.Thelittleboyoftenasksmewhat______?A.willourlifeoftomorrowB.willourlifetomorrowbelikeC.ourlifeoftomorrowlikeD.ourlifeoftomorrowwillbelike11.Doyoureallyknow_____used?A.howwidelyEnglishisB.howwideisEnglishC.EnglishishowwidelyD.howisEnglishwide12.Wouldyoupleasetellme______withPeter?Helooksunhappy.A.what’sthematterB.whatwrongisC.thewrongiswhatD.whatwrongitwas13.–Excuseme,where_____?Doyouknow?-Yes.Iknowwhere_____?A.Jimlives;helivesB.doesJimlive;doheliveC.Jimlives;doesheliveD.doesJimlive;helives14.Ididn’tknow_____and_____.A.what’shisname;howoldheisB.whathisnamewas;howoldhewasC.whathisnameis;howisheoldD.thatwashisname;hewashowold15.Myfriendhasn’tdecided_____onatriptoWuxionholiday.A.ifhegoesB.whenwillhegoC.ifhe’llgoD.wherehego16.Didyouaskherwhat______outside?A.washappenedtohimB.hehadhappenedC.hehappenedD.hadhappenedtohim17.Themanintheshopaskedthewoman_____A.whichkinddoesshelikeB.whichkindsheisC.whichkindisshelikesD.whichkindshelikes18.Noonetoldus_____,soweneedyourhelp.A.howshouldwedoB.whatshouldwedoC.howtodoitD.whattodoit19.Idon’tknow______thedayaftertomorrow.A.whendoeshecomeB.howwillhecomeC.ifhecomesD.whetherhe’llcome20.–Couldyoutellme_____?-Yes,they_____tothelibrary.A.wherearethetwins;havebeenB.wherethetwinsare;havegoneC.wherewerethetwins;havebeenD.wherethetwinswere;havegone第10页\n²have/hasbeento,have/hasgoneto,have/hasbeenin区别：同学们在运用这三个词组时容易出现错误，希望这个练习能够对您有所帮助。讲解：have/hasbeento强调的是“去过”某地，已经不在所说的地方，可以和次数（once,twice,threetimes）连用，还可以和never,ever,just,before,sofar,already等连用，但是不能和表示一段时间的短语连用（如：howlong,fortwodays,sincelastweek等）have/hasgoneto表示“去了”某地，已经不在这里了，故不能和第一和第二人称连用，不能跟次数连用，不能和never,ever,before连用，还不能和一段时间连用。Have/hasbeenin强调的是在某个地方停留的时间，要接一段时间。【练习】选择填空：A.beenB.beentoC.beeninD.goneto1.WhereisTom?Hehas_______Beijing.2.Haveyouever_______London?No,never.3.Howlonghaveyou_______QingDao?For10years.4.Howmanytimeshavethey______China?Twice,maybe.5.Wherehaveyoujust_____?6.------Ihaven’tseenMikefortendays.-------Hehas_______Tokyo.7.OurChineseteacherhas______thiscitysince11yearsago.【参考答案】1.D2.B3.C4.B5.A6.D7.C第10页