初中英语名词复数 5页

初中英语名词复数可数名词有单数（SingularForm）和复数(PluralForm)两种形式。表示一个人或物用单数形式，表示一个以上的人或物用复数形式。1．一般在词尾加-s。s在浊辅音后面读[z]，在清辅音后面读[s]，在[t]后与[t]一起读[ts]，在[d]后与[d]一起读[dz]。例如：book—books书day—days天、日dog—dogs狗tree—trees树2．以s，sh，ch，x结尾的词在词尾加-es，读[iz]例如：glass—glasses玻璃杯watch—watches手表box—boxes盒子brush—brushes刷3．以o结尾的词有些加-es，读[z]；有些加-s，读[s]。例如：tomato—tomatoes西红柿potato—potatoes土豆photo—photos相片radio—radios收音机zoo—zoos动物园4．以f或fe结尾的词，先把f改为v，再加–es，读[vz]。例如：knife—knives小刀leaf—leaves树叶life—lives生命thief—thieves小偷5．以辅音字母加y结尾的，先把y改为i，再加-es，读[z]。例如：story—stories故事city—cities城市family—families家庭baby—babies婴儿注意：boy—boys男孩toy—toys玩具key—keys钥匙6．有些名词有不规则的复数形式。例如：man—men男人woman—women妇女tooth—teeth牙齿foot—feet脚7．有些名词的单复数形式相同。例如；deer—deer鹿sheep—sheep绵羊Chinese—Chinese中国人Japanese—Japanese日本人8．有些学科名词虽以s结尾，但通常都做单数名词看待。例如：physics物理maths数学politics政治news新闻9．有些单数形式的名词具有复数的含义，要当作复数看待。例如：people人们，人民police警察public公众\n选择填空：1.Therearesome________onthehill.A.sheepsB.asheepC.sheepD.sheepes2.MrBlackoftengivesus________byEmail.A.somegoodinformationB.somegoodinformationsC.goodinformationsD.agoodinformation3.Therearesomenewbooksintheschoollibrary.Theyare____books.A.childB.childrens'C.childrenD.children's4.Ihavewornoutmyshoes,soIwanttobuyanew________.　A.pairB.oneC.onesD.trousers5.Meimei'shandwritingisbetterthananyother______inhisclass.　A.studentsB.studentsC.student'sD.students'6.Thehospitalisabitfarfromhere.It'sabout_______.　A.fortyminutes'swalkB.fortyminute'swalk　C.fortyminuteswalkD.fortyminutes'walk　7.Howmany_____arethereinyourclass?　A.JapaneseB.AmericanC.AustralianD.Canadian8.Ifoundmyblackcatin_____room.A.JimandMikeB.JimandMike'sC.Jim'sandMike'sD.Jim'sandMike　9.Howmucharethe_____?　A.breadB.meats.C.potatosD.tomatoes\n　10.Therearemany______inourschool.　A.womanteachersB.woman'steachersC.womenteachersD.women'steachers　11.Threemonths________alongtimeforme.　A.isB.areC.haveD.has　12.Thereare______and______onthetable.　　A.twoboxescake;fourbottleoforanges　　B.twoboxescake;fourbottleoforange　　C.twoboxesofcakes;fourbottlesoforange　　D.twoboxofcakes;fourbottlesoforanges动词A）第三人称单数当动词是第三人称单数时，动词应该像名词的单数变动词那样加s，如下：一）一般在词后加s。如：comes,spells,waits,talks,sees,dances,trains二）在x,sh,ch,s,tch后加es。如：watches,washes,wishes,finishes三）1）以辅音字母加y结尾的变y为i再加es。如：study-studies,hurry-hurries,try-tries2）以元音字母加y结尾的直接加s。如：plays,says,stays,enjoys,buys四）以o结尾加es。如：does,goes五）特殊的有：are-is,have-has什么时候用第三人称单数？一、人称代词he,she,it是第三人称单数。如：HelikeswatchingTV.他喜欢看电视。Shehaslunchattwelve.她十二点吃午餐。\nItlookslikeacat.它看起来像只猫。二、单个人名、地名或称呼作主语；是第三人称单数。如：①HanMeilookslikehermother.韩梅看起来像她的母亲。②BeijingisinChina.北京在中国。③UncleWangoftenmakescakes.王叔叔经常做蛋糕。三、单数可数名词或"this/that/the+单数可数名词"作主语时，是第三人称单数。如：①Ahorseisausefulanimal.马是有用的动物。②Thisbookisyours.这本书是你的。③Thatcarisred.那辆小汽车是红色的。④ThecatisLucy's.这只猫是露茜的。四、不定代词someone,somebody,nobody,everything,something等及指示代词this,that作主语时，是第三人称单数。如：①Everyoneishere.大家到齐了。②Thereissomethingwrongwiththewatch.这块手表有毛病。③Thisisapen.这是一支钢笔。④Thatisaneraser.那是一块橡皮擦。五、不可数名词作主语时为第三人称单数。如：①Themilkisintheglass.牛奶在玻璃杯里。②Thebreadisverysmall.那面包很小。六、当数字或字母作主语时，看作第三人称单数。如：①"6"isaluckynumber."6"是个吉利数字。②"I"isaletter."I"是个字母。\n在语言中，第一人称、第二人称、第三人称分别是指“我”、“你”、“他（她）”也就是说除了“我”“你”以外，其它的人称都属于第三人称，而这个人称所指的人或物只有一件时就称作第三人称单数！那么第三人称，就是指“他”或者“她”。接下来，什么是“单数”和“复数”呢？巩固练习题：I.写出下列动词的相应形式：1.第三人称单数：wash_________match_______guess______study______finish_________go________snow______carry_________2.写出下列动词的过去式：stop______see________drive________let_______carry______keep_____join______find_______think________teach______catch______3.写出下列动词的现在分词形式：stay_______begin______forget_______forget______lie________die_______run_______prefer______give________ring_______dance______hope_______II.用所给动词的适当形式填空：1．I________(write)toyouassoonasI_______(get)toLondon.2.Hedoesn’tfeelwelland____________(noteat)anyfoodthismorning.3.He______not_______(see)mecomein,forhe___________(read)somethingwithgreatinterest.4.I_________(let)youhavethebookassoonasI_________(finish)it.5.Whilewe________(wait)forourteacher,alittleboy________(run)uptous.6.Don’tmakeanoise.Grandpa__________(sleep).7.It’ssevennow,Tom’sfamily__________(watch)TV.8.It________(take)metwohourstofinishmyhomeworklastnight.9.What______yourmother_______(do)ateightyesterdayevening?She_______(wash)clothes.10._______it______(rain)whenschoolwasoveryesterday?11.What_______(do)_______tomorrow?We________(play)football.12.There________(be)afootballmatchonTVthisevening.13.Theysaidthey________(visit)theGreatWallthenextsummerholiday.14.Who_______(dance)thebestinyourclass?15.Willyoucomeifhe_____________(notcome)?16.Theteachertoldustheearth__________(move)roundthesun.17.They_______(have)apartyinthegardenifit________(notrain)tomorrow.18She________(buy)asweateryesterday.19.Idon’tknowifMr.Wang______(go)toShanghaitomorrow.Ifhe_____(go),I______(ask)him_______(take)somebookstomydaughter,becauseshe_______(study)there.