初中英语宾语从句 24页

宾语从句\n（一）宾语从句的种类宾语从句是一种名词性从句，在句中作及物动词的宾语，或介词的宾语，或形容词的宾语。根据引导宾语从句的不同连词，宾语从句可分为三类。1.由that引导的宾语从句2.由if或whether引导的宾语从句3.由连接代词who,whom,whose,what,which和连接副词when,where,why,how引导的宾语从句。\n1.由that引导的宾语从句。that只有语法作用，没有实在的意义，在口语和非正式文体中可以省略。例如：Hesaid(that)hewantedtostayathome.Shedoesn’tknow(that)sheisseriouslyill.Iamsure(that)hewillsucceed.\n2.由if或whether引导的宾语从句。if和whether在句中的意思是“是否”,在句子中不作句子成分。例如：Iwanttoknowif(whether)helivesthere.Heaskedmewhether(if)Icouldhelphim.\n3.由连接代词who,whom,whose,what,which和连接副词when,where,why,how引导的宾语从句。这些连接代词和连接副词在宾语从句中充当某个成分。例如：Heaskedwhosehandwritingwasthebest.CouldyoutellmewheretheNo.3busstopis?Idon’tknowwhythetrainislate.\n（二）宾语从句的语序宾语从句的语序应为陈述句的语序。例如：Ithink(that)youwilllikethisschoolsoon.CanyoutellmehowIcangettothezoo?Pleasetellmewhenwe’llhavethemeeting.\n口诀:先找疑问后找主,时态语态看清楚,委婉语气也不错，从句时态跟着主。\n（三）宾语从句的时态1.如果主句的时态是一般现在时，宾语从句该用什么时态就用什么时态。如：Idon’tknowifhewentthereyesterday.CanyoutellmehowIcangettotherailwaystation?Doyouthinkhewillcometomorrow?Ithinkthathehasalreadygonetobed.\n2.如果主句的时态是一般过去时，宾语从句只能用相应的过去时态（一般过去时，过去进行时，过去将来时，过去完成时）。例如：Heaskedwhattimeitwas.Hetoldmethathewaspreparingforthesportsmeeting.HeaskedifyouwouldwritetoPeter.\n3.如果宾语从句所陈述的是客观真理，其时态常用一般现在时。例如：OurteachersaidthatJanuaryisthefirstmonthoftheyear.Scientistshaveprovedthattheearthturnsaroundthesun.\n口诀：主为现将从不限，主过从过对应变，从句若是表真理，一般现在代过去。\n类型一：引导词的运用1Idon’tknow___________ornot.A.whetherheisathomeB.ifheisathomeC.thatheisathomeD.whetherisheathome2Thisdependson_________theweatherisfine.A.whichB.whetherC.ifD.that3Theteacheraskedthenewstudent________classhewasin.A.whichB.whereC.ifD.thatABA\n4Idon’tknow________Mr.Greenwillcometoseeus.He’llhelpuswithourEnglish.A.whyB.whenC.howD.where5Becareful!Don’tbreakthebottles.Doyouhear______Isaid?David?Yes,MumA.whatB.thatC.whyD.if6Doyouknow_______Mr.Black’saddressis?HemayliveatNO.18orNo.19ofBridgeStreet.I’mnotsureof______.A. where,whichB.where,whatC.what,whichD.what,whereBAC\n7Thereisnotmuchdifferencebetweenthetwo.Ireallydon’tknow_____.A.whatshouldIchooseB.whichIshouldchooseC.whichshouldIchooseD.whatIshouldchoose类型二：宾语从句的语序——陈述句语序1Didyoufindout______?A.shewaslookingforwhosechildB.whosechildwasshelookingforC.whosechildsheislookingforD.whosechildshewaslookingforBD\n2Areyouinterestedin_____?A.howdidhedoitB.hedidithowC.howhediditD.hehowdidit3Idon’tknow_____.Canyoutellme?A.howthetwoplayersareoldB.howoldarethetwoplayersC.thetwoplayersarehowoldD.howoldthetwoplayersare4Whatdidthescientistsay?Hesaidhewonderedif_____intospacebyspaceshiponeday.A.hehadtoflyB.hecouldflyC.canheflyD.couldheflyCDB\n5Excuseme,sir.Couldyoutellme____?A.WherethebanknearestB.whereisthenearestbankC.wherethenearestbankisD.thenearestbankiswhere6Ihearwe’llhaveanewteacherthisterm.Really?Doyouknow____________________?A.whatsubjectdoesheteachB.Whatsubjectwillheteach?C.whatsubjectishegoingtoteachD.whatsubjectheteachesCD\n类型三：时态1It’s7:30.Ican’tbelieveyou___cookingdinneryet,Sally.A.haven’tstartedB.didn’tC.don’tstartD.hadn’tstarted2TheteachertoldusyesterdaythatDecember25th____ChristmasDay.A.isB.wasC.hasbeenD.willbe3  Theteachersaidthattheearth_______roundthesun.A.goesB.goC.wentD.willgoAAA\n4 We’dliketotellyouthatyou______theexam.A.havepassedB.hadpassedC.passD.willpass5   “Couldyoutellme______?”“Yes.They____tothelibrary.”A.wherearethetwins,havebeenB.wherewerethetwins,havebeenC.wherethetwinsare,havegoneD.wherethetwinswere,havegone6  Ourfathersaidthathe______anewcomputernextweek.A.willbuyB.haveboughtC.wouldbuyD.buysACC\n7 Ihearthathe______toBeijingyesterday.A.goesB.willgoC.wentD.havegone类型四：其他---反意疑问句，it做形式宾语1Idon’tthinkheisright,__________?A．isn’theB．isheC．doID．don’tI2Hebelievessheisright,__________?A．doesn’theB．doesheC．issheD．isn’tsheIthoughtthathedislikedplayingfootball,__________?A．didn’theB．didheC．didID．didn’tICBAA\n4Ifind_____importantthatwepracticeEnglisheveryday.A.itB.thisC.thatD.what5Youcan’timagine____whentheyreceivedthenicegift.A.howtheywereexcitedB.howexcitedtheywereC.howexcitedweretheyD.theywerehowexcitedAB\n专项训练1、Doyouknowhowmuchhotwater_______?A．MumisneededB．doesMumneedC．MumneedsD．didMumneed2、Canyoutellme_______?A．whereheisB．whereisheC．heiswhereD．whatishe3、Ididn'tknowhow_______toLondon?A．wouldtheygoB．aretheygoingC．theywouldgoD．theyaregoing4、Iwanttoknowhowlong_______．A．hashebeenbackB．hashecomebackC．hehasbeenbackD．hehascomebackCACC\n5、Doyouknow_______?A．whatthenewsareB．whatisthenewsC．whatthenewsisD．whatarethenews6.Couldyoutellme_______wegettotheplane?A．howB．whetherC．whereD．what7.Theteachersays_______shewillleaveamessageontheheadmaster'sdesk．A．ifB．whoC．thatD．what8.Ithoughthe__toseehismotherifhetime．A．willgo…hasB．willgo…willhaveC．wouldgo…wouldhaveD．wouldgo…hadCACD\n二、用所给动词的正确形式填空：1、Ihopehe_______（come）backinaweek．2、Hetoldmehe__________（help）herwithhermathsthenextevening．3、Ourteachertoldusthatlight_______（travel）muchfasterthansound．4、Mikeaskedmeifwe__________（ask）anyquestionsthenextclass．5.Pleasetellmeifshe_______（come）againnexttime．willcomewouldhelptravelswouldaskwillcome\nThankyou