初中英语复习七—连词 11页

连词一.并列连词并列连词用来连接具有并列关系的词，短语或句子。常见的并列连词有：(1)表并列关系的and,both...and,notonly...butalso,neither...nor等。(2)表选择关系的or,either...or等。(3)表转折关系的but,while等。(4)表因果关系的for,so等。二.从属连词从属连词用来引导从句。常见的从属连词有：(1)引导时间状语从句的after,before,when,while,as,until,till,since,assoonas等。(2)引导条件状语从句的if,unless等。(3)引导原因状语从句的because,as,since等。(4)引导目的状语从句的sothat,inorderthat等。(5)引导让步状语从句的though,although,evenif等。(6)引导结果状语从句的sothat,so...that,such...that等。⑺引导比较状语从句的than,as...as等。⑻引导名词从句的that,if,whether等。三.常用连词的用法辨析(1)while,when,as这三个连词都可引导时间状语从句，但用法有所不同。1)当某事正在进行的时候，又发生了另一件事，While,when,as都可用来引导表示“背景”的时间状语从句。例如：As/When/WhileIwaswalkingdownthestreetInoticedapolicecai*.2）当两个长动作同时进行的时候,最常用的是whileo例如:Whilenlotherwascookinglunch,1wasdoingmyhomework.3）当两个动作都表示发展变化的情况时，最常用的是as。例如：Aschildrengetoldentheybecomemoreandmoreinterestedinthingsaroundthem.4)当两个短动作同时发生吋,或表示“一边…一边…”吋，最常用as。例如:Shelookedbehindfromtimetotimeasshewern.她边走边不时地朝后面看。5)当从句的动作先于主句的动作时，通常用when。例如：Whenhefinishedhiswork,hetookeshortrest.当他完成工作丿iS,他进行了短愆的休息。6)when可以表示较短的动作也可以表示较长的动作,主句和从句的动作可以同时发生也可以先后发生例如：WhenJohnarrived(瞬间)Iwascooking(延续性)lunch.(同时发生)Theywererunningquicklyacrosstheroadwhentheyheardthesoundofatruckcoming.(先后发生)\n(2)眇because,since.for这四个词都可表原因,但用法有区别。1)because表示原因的语气最强，常表示必然的因果关系。因此，because引导的从句往往放在句末，回答why的问句只能用because例如：Istayedathomebecauseitrained/一-Whyaren'tyougoing?■一BecauseIdon'twantto.2)as(因为)表示一般的因果关系，语气比because弱，说明比较明显的原因，它引导的从句可以放在句首也可以放在句尾。since(既然)表示对方已经知道、无需加以说明的原因或事实。例如：Ashewasn'tready,weleftwithouthim.SinceIhavenomoney,Ican'tbuyanyfood.3）for用来补充说明一种理由，For引导的句子不放在句子的开头°例如：Idecidedtostopandhavelunch-■一forIwasfeelingquitehungiy・⑶if,whether都可作“是否”讲，在引导宾语从句是一般可互换。例如：Iwonderwhether（if）youstillstudyinthatschool.Idon'tknowwhether（if）helikesthatfilm.在下列情况下，只能用whether,不能用if：1）引导主语从句吋。例如：Whetherhewillcometothepartyisunknown.2）引导表语从句时。例如：Thequestioniswhether【canpasstheexam.3）在不定式前。例如：Ihaven'tmadeupmymind（决定）whethertogothereornot.4）引导让步状语从句如：Hainanistheplacetobe,whetherit'ssummerorwinter.5）在动词discuss,wonder/notsure之后6）在if与whether含义易混时。Pleaseletmeknowwhetheryouneedmyhelp.（请告诉我你是否需要我的帮助）（如果换成讦则还可能表示“如果你需要我的帮助请告知”）（4）so...that,such...that1）so...that中的so是个副词，其后只能跟形容词或副词，而such...that'I1的such是个形容词，后接名词或名词短语。例如：I'msotiredthatIcan'twalkanyfarther.Itwassuchahotdaythathewentswimming.\n2）如果在名词之前有many,much,little,few时，用so,不用such。例如：Hehassolittleeducationthatheisunabletogetajob.(1)either.e.or...,neither..>nor,notonly.<>butalso...这三个连词词组都可连接两个并列成分。当它们连接两个并列主语时，谓语动词要随相邻的主语变化。例如：Eitheryouorheiswrong.Neitherhenorhischildrenlikefish・Notonlytheteacherbutalso(hestudentswanttobuythebook・(2)although9though两个词都表示“虽然"，均不可以与but同时使用,但在句中可加still或yet连用。although“尽管、虽然"仅作连词，比较正式，一-般可以换为though；though"虽然、尽管、即使”，还可以与even连用(=evenif),表示“即使、纵然二作副词时意思是“然而、不过",不能放在句首。我们不能说“Althoughheisoversixty,butheworksashardasothers.^这个句子应改为：Allhoughheisoversixty,heworksashardasothers•或Heisoversixty,butheworksashardasothers・Hepassedtheexamsalthoughillnesspreventedhimfromgoingtoclasses.(3)because,so这两个连词同样不能用在同一个句子屮。例如：我们不能说“BecauseJohnwasill,soItookhimtothedoctor."这个句子应改为BecauseJohnwasill,Itookhimtothedoctor•或Johnwasill,soItookhimtothedoctor.因为约翰病了，所以我带他看医生。(4)till/until与not…till/until的区别:1）前者表示一个延续性的动作，后者表示一个才开始的动作。如：Iwillstayhereandwatchthebabyuntilyoureturn.（stay这个动作一直进行到你return）Theywon'tgoonworkinguntiltheygetwhattheythinkisreasonable.（他们要到获得了他们认为合理的东西时才会继续干下去的）2)till与until基本可以互换，但是在句首时只能用until,不能用till.如：Untilthelastminuteofthematchwekeptplaying.Notuntilhehadfinishedhisworkdidhegohome.(直到做完工作他才回家)(倒装句)(5)preferto...ratherthan…与prefer...to…的区别：preferto...ratherthan…后面都是用动词原形,prefer...to…都是用动名词或名词。如:IpreferEnglishtoJapanese.(与H语相比我更喜欢英语)1prefertolearnEnglishratherthanlearnJapanese.(与口语相比我更喜欢学英语)四、练习一一、考查表示转折对比关系的并列连词1.Wouldyouliketocometomyhousefordinnertonight?Fdloveto,Ihavelotsofworktodo.［北京市］\nAsoBorCandD・but\n2.Itwasverycoldandwindy,thosefarmerswereworkinghardonthefarm•［吉林省］A.andB.orC.butD.so二、考查表示因果关系的并列连词3.1havebeentryingmybesttostudyEnglishIwanttohaveachancetobeavolunteerfortheBeijingOlympics.［太原市］A,untilB・becauseC・though4.Rickycaughtanbadcoldyesterday,hehadtostayathome.［P酉京］A.becauseB.butC・orD.so三、考査表示选择关系的并列连词5.Tom.keepawayfromthefire,—youwillgetburn匸［）可南省］A.andB.soC.orD.but四、考査表示并列关系的并列连词6.Studyhard,youllpasstheexam•［长沙市］A.orB.andC.but六、考查从属连词7.Wehavebeengoodfriendswejoinedthesameping-pongteam•口陝西省］A.afterB.beforeC.sinceD・until8.Noneoftheshoesintheshopfitmewell.TheyaretoobigtoosmalL［昆明市］C.neither;noritworflworkwell.D.notonly;butalso（浙江）A.bolh;andB.either;or9.Pleasetakethemedicinethreetimesaday,A.andB.butC.orD.sowecancatchthe12:00lO.Hurryup,Jack.Wehavetogettothestationbefore11:45train.（南通）A.sinceB.afterC.assoonasD.sothat11.—Ihearanewfilmisonthesedays・Shallwegotothecinematogether,LucyandLily?一LilyIwillgowithyoubecauseoneofusmustbeathometohelpourfatherinthegarden.（宇波）A.Either,norB.Either,orC.Neither,norD.Both,and五、练习二1.Howdidyoutrytogettoschoolontimeyoumissedtheschoolbus,Mary?A.whenB.ifC.onceD.that2.-rmgoingtothesupermarket.-Willyougetmesomechocolatesyouarethere,mum?A.sinceB.becauseC・ifD・while3.Nevergiveup,youllmakeit.A.andB.butC.orD.yet4.Hergrandparentsarestillingoodhealththeyareovereighty・\nA.thoughB.assoonasC・unlilD.because1.一-Wouldyouliketocometodinnertonight?—Fdliketo,Pmtoobusy.A.andB.soC.asD.but2.WhenIgotthenewsthattheshipwouldsink,Iwasfrightenedmylegscouldn'tmoveforward・A.so;thatB.very;thatC.too;thatD.too;to7.1wonrtbelievethatthefive-year-oldboycanreadfivethousandwordsIhavetestedhimmyself.A.afterB.whenC.讦D.until8.Becareful,youwillfalloffthetree・A.soB.orC.butD.and9.Mr.BrownknowslittleJapanese,hecantunderstandtheinstructionsonthebottleofthepills.A.soB.orC.butD.for10.…Idon'tlikechickenfish.■一Idon'tlikechicken,Ilikefishverymuch・A.and；andB.and；butC・or；butD.or；and六、练习三1•一Didyouhaveagoodtimeattheparty?—Yes.Wesangdanceduntillateatnight.A.butB.ifC.andD.so1.LinShuhaoisfamousallthebasketballfansinChinaknowhim.A・too,toB・enough,toC.so,thatD.as,as3.1wonttakepartinJulie'sbirthdaypartyIaminvited・A.unlessB.afterC.becauseD.if4.Therearenobuses,yoiTllhavetowalk.A.soB.orC.butD.for5.heexerciseseveryday、heisveryhealthy.A.Because;soB・Because;throughC.Because;/D.Though;/6.ThebusdriveralwayssaystousDon'tgetoffthebusstops：A.whenB.whileC.untilD.讦7.John,workhardyouwillmakemuchprogress・A.orB.norC.butD.and8.Wedidn'tgohometheoldmanwassenttothehospital.A.untilB.whenC.while9.—Howabouthavingapicnicwithme?—fdloveto,FmafraidIhavenotime.A.soB.andC.but10.Keepoffthedrugs（毒品），youandyourfamilywillbeingreatdanger?A.andB.orC.butD.so11.一Icanstayandhelpyouyoulike.一Soniceofyou.Bill.A.untilB..thoughC•讦D.and12.Don'tforgettowashyourhandsyouhavemeals.A.beforeB.untilC.thoughD.unless\n4.一IsuggestbuyingheraTeddyBearforherbirthday.—someoneelsebringsthesamepresent?A.IfB.WhatC.WhatifD.Howabout\nA.ifB.unlessC.whenD.that15.Tomrushedintothehousehismotherwascooking・A.asB.beforeC.whileD.after16.Basketballhasahistoryofnearly30()years・Todayitisstilllovedbytheyoungstheold.A.both.••&□(!・••B・either...or...C・not.—but...D.neither.・.noi•…17・You'dbettertakethemapwithyouyouwon'tgetlost,A.aslongasB・assoonasC・nowthatD・sothat18.theyareverytired,theyfeelhappybecauselhey'vefinallyfinishedtheirproject.A.SoB.AlthoughC.IfD.But19.一Youboughtthecarabouttenyearsago?—Yes.itsold,itstillrunswell.A.BecauseB.SinceC.AlthoughD.But20.hewasonlytwelve,hecouldrunfasterthananykidsintheschool.A.ThoughB.BecauseC.If21.Taketheexamcarefully,youwon'tgetfullmarks.A)butB)andC)orD)so22.Wedidn5tstartourdiscussioneverybodyarrived.A)sinceB)讦C)whileD)until23.Amylikestogotothecinema,butshedoesn'tliketoseehorrorfilms.A.SinceB.AsC.ThoughD.不填24.ThemagazinewasstartedbyBecky,Iknow・A・asfarasB.aswellasC・assoonasD.asmuchas25.—Howdoyoulikethestory?一Interesting,theendofitisnotperfect.A・soB・thoughC.orD・because26..TheywilltrytheirbestintheDragonBoatRacingtheymayfail.A.ifB.althoughC.unlessD.until27.—Wouldyouliketogoforawalkwithme,Allen?一Edloveto,youdon'twanttogoalone.A.untilB.beforeC.ifD.after28.Writedownthephonenumber,you'11forgetit.D.orA.soB.andC.but29.Wecaneasilybecomeunhappyweworkoutourproblemsinourdailylife.A.afterB.ifC.untilD.unless30.1won'tpasstheexamIworkhard..A.wheneverB.becauseC.ifD.unless31.-Whatwasyourbrotherdoingatthistimeyesterday?-HewasreadingamagazineIwaswritingane-mailathome・A.assoonasB・afterC・untilD.while32.一Mom,shallwehavesuppernow?—Oh,wewon"havesupperyourdadcomesback・A・untilB.sinceC.whileD.after33.一MaryAlicehasjoinedthemusicclubbecausetheyhavenotime.一Il'sapity!\nA.Both...andB.Either...orC.Neither...nor34.1reallyenjoyedyourlecture,thereweresomepartsIdidn^tquiteunderstand・A.becauseB.unlessC.thoughD.After35.It'stoolatetoinviteanymorepeople・,youknowhowTimhatesparties.A.BesidesB.HoweverC.StillD.Instead36.1liketheMP3,it'stooexpensive・A.butB.soC.and37.LastnightDadandMumdidn'tcomebackhomeIfinishedmyhomework.A.whileB.ifC.until38.Paulisn'tasasSandy・Heoftenmakesmistakesinhishomework.A.carelessB.morecarefulC・morecarelessD.careful39.theyhavesomeoppositeview,theyallthinkChinesemedicineishelpfuLA.UntilB.AlthoughC.Since40.youhavetriediton,youcan'timaginehowprettythenewstyleskirtis・A.BecauseB.AlthoughC.UnlessD.When41.Writedownthephonenumber,you'llforgetit.A.soB.andC.butD.or42.Comeon,you'llbelate.A.andB.butC・orD・so43.Hehadtoretire（退休）earlypoorhealth.A.asaresultB・becauseC・soD.becauseof44.StephenHawkingcan'twalkorevenspeak,hehasbecomeverysuccessful.A.butB.andC.orD.then45.Standoverthere,youwillgetabetterviewofthewholecity.A.orB.andC.butD.though46.1stillremembermyfirstteacherwehaverTiseeneachotherforalongtime.A.讦B.untilC.thoughD.because47.——Mom,whenshallwegotoWeifangMuseumthisweekend?-一・Oh,sorry・I'mgoingtoBeijingforameeting.Saturday・SundayisOK・A.Neither,norB.Both,andC.Either,orD.Notonly,butalso48.Theboxwastooheavyformetocarry,Ipulleditintomyroom.A.soB.andC.butD.or49.1believeitIseeitwithmyowneyes・A.won't;andB.will;butC・will;untilD・won";until50.Thegirlisanicegirlweallwanttohelpher.A.such;thatB.too;toC.so;thatD.very;that51.一Hurryup,youwillmisstheschoolbus.一Iknowthat,Mum.Fllbereadyinaminute.A.orB.andC.norD.but52・Hurryupfinishyoursoup!A.orB.butC.andD.while\n53.YoumayeasilyloseyourwayinShanghaiyoudon'thaveamaporaguide.\nA.untilB.unlessC.thoughD.讦53.Myfatherwaspreparingforhisspeechmymotherwasdoingsomewashinglastnight.A.ifB.whileC.unlessD.until54.You'dbettertakethemapwithyououwon'tgetlost,D.sothatA.aslongasB・assoonasC・nowthat55.theyareverytired,theyfeelhappybecausethey'vefinallyfinishedtheirproject.D.ButC.Althoughtoocold.D.ButB.SoB.AlthoughC.If56.—Youboughtthecarabouttenyearsago?—Yes.it'sold,itstillrunswell・A.BecauseB.Since57.一WhydoyoulikestayinginGuiyang?一BecausetheweatherthereistoohotA・either;orB・neither;norC.both,andD.notonly;butalso58.Wewillclimbthemountaintomorrow,itdoesn'train.A.ifB.althoughC・since59.一-Tom'sfatherlooksveryserious.…heisverykind.A.ThoughB.IfC.AndD.But60.Tonywantedtotakesomegoodphotos,helosthiscamera.A.orB.andC.butD.so61.一Ithinkyourfatherisverybusy.——Soheis.hestilltakesawalkwithussometimes.A.SoB.AndC.OrD.But62.—CanyouguessiftheyspeakingEnglishwithus?D・practise,are一Ithinktheywilldoiftheyfree.A.willpractise,areB.willpractise,willbeC・practising,being63.Welostthesoccergame,_everyoneofusplayedverywell.A.becauseB・thoughC・orD・so64.-MayIgotothemovieswithyou?-Fmafraidnotyouhaveaticket,becauseIhaveonlyone.A・讦B.unlessC.though65.BecauseIgotupverylatethismorning,Iwaslateforclass.A.butB./C.so66.—Tom,youlooktiredthismorning.WhaFswrong?—IwassobusythatIdidn'tgotobed12o'clocklastnight.A.untilB.whenC・thoughD.unless6&Jackspendsmuchmoneyonbooksheisnotsorich・A.thoughB.whenC.ifD.because69.Theywilllosethegametheytrytheirbest,A.unlessB.onceC.sinceD・after