初中英语 英语词根 12页

英语词根PREFIXESa-=of;afresh(adv.)重新、再anew(adv.)重新、再adown朝下akin同种的、类似的a-=on;aback(adv.)向后abed在床上ablaze(a.)发光、着火aboard(adv.)在国外afar遥远地afloat漂浮地，漂浮的afoot徒步地aground（船）搁浅ahead在……之前ahead在……之前alive活的aloof(adv.）远离，躲开asleep睡着的away在远方a-=make…;加强语气abide遵守alight由车或马上下来alike相似的aloud大声地amaze使惊愕arise起来，产生arouse唤起ashamed羞耻的await等候awake吵醒athirst渴望的a-=ad-=toatforabandon放弃abase贬抑abate减少abridge缩短achieve完成amass积聚ameliorate改善、修正amenable顺从的amount总计avenge为……报仇avenue大街avow公开承认a-=ab-=notwithoutfromawayavert避开，调转avocation副业，嗜好a-=ex-=outextremelyabash使羞愧amend修正，改善avoid避免a-=negative=notwithoutabysss深渊，地狱achromatic无色的Amazon亚马逊河amnesty大赦，特赦amoral非道德的apathy冷淡，漠不关心aphasia失语症asylum避难所asymmetry不对称，不均匀atheism无神论atom原子atypical非典型的ab-=fromawayfromoffabaxial离开轴的abdicate放弃权利，让位abduce使外旋，外展abduct绑架，诱拐abject卑鄙的abnormal变态的，不正常的abominate痛恨，厌恶abortion流产；堕胎abrade摩擦，擦伤abrupt突然的absolve赦免absorb吸收；使全神贯注\nabuse滥用abscess脓疮，溃疡abscond潜逃；逃亡abstain戒绝abstract提炼；抽象的abstruse难解的abundant丰富的advance前进avaunt走开ad-=toatforabbreviate缩短accede允诺accelerate加速accomplice从犯accost向人打招呼accumulate堆积accustom使习惯acknowledge承认acquire获得adapt适应addict使沉溺adhere粘着advent到来advocate拥护affiliate联合affirm确认afflict使痛苦aggress侵略allocate分配append附加appraise评估ascertain探知assert主张assume假定attach附上attain达到acclimate使服水土al-=allalmighty万能的almost差不多，几乎alone单独的ambi-=onbothsidesaboutaroundambidextrous两手灵巧的ambiguous含糊的ambition雄心ambivalent犹豫不决的ambient周围的amphi-=onbothsidesaroundamphitheater圆形剧场amphibian水陆两栖的amphibiology两栖生物学an-=negative=notwithoutanaemia贫血症anaethetic麻醉剂anarchy无政府状态anecdote轶事ambrosia神的食物ana-=upononupanabaptist再洗礼派教徒anachronism时代错误analogy相似，类似ante-=beforeantecedent在先的antechamber来宾接待室anteroom来宾接待室antedate提前的日期anterior前面的anticipate预期ancient古代的ancestor祖先antediluvian洪水时代以前的anti-=againstoppositetoanti-communist反共的antipathy反感antiseptic防腐的antithesis对照、对比antagonist敌手Antarctic南极的antonym反义词auto-=selfautobiography自传autocracy专制政治autogamy自体生殖\nautogenous自生的autonomy自治区authentic真正的autoinfection自身感染autonym真名be-=tomakebecalm使不动befool愚弄befoul污染befriend照顾beguile欺骗belittle贬低，轻视benumb使麻木betroth许配be-=tocoverwithbecloud蒙蔽bedew沾湿befog罩入雾中，迷惑bestar布满星星be-=uponbecomebefall降临，遭遇behold看bemoan悲恸beset包围bespeak预定be-=bybecause因为bequeath遗赠beside在旁bene-=wellgoodbenediction祝祷benefaction恩惠、施惠benefactor恩人beneficent亲切的、慈善的beneficial有益的beneficiary收益人benefit有益于benevolent慈善的bonus恩惠bi-=doubletwobicameral两院制的bilingual双语的bimonthly两个月一次的bipolar两极的biweekly一周两次的bicycle自行车circum-=aroundroundaboutcircumference圆周circumstance环境、情况circumspect慎重的circuit电路、回路circumlunar环绕月球的circulate流通，巡回com-=togetherwithwhollycombat战斗combine联合comfort安慰commemorate纪念commend称赞commotion骚动commute通勤compile编辑compose组成coalesce合并、联合coalition联合coeducation男女合校的教育coerce强迫coexist共存cooperate合作collaborate合作collapse倒塌colleague同事collide碰撞combustion燃烧conceit自负、自大concentrate集中、专心conclude下结论concord和谐、一致condescend屈尊俯就configuration外形confront使面临conglomerate聚集conjunction结合consent同意consume消费contaminate弄脏、污染correlate使相互关联\ncontra-=againstcontradict否认contrary相反的contrast对比counteract抵消counterpart相对的人或物de-=downdownwarddecapitate斩首decay腐烂decease死亡deceive欺骗decipher译（密码）declare宣告deduce演绎、推论defect缺点defer服从deform使残废deliberate考虑delinquency过失、犯罪demerit过失、短处demolish推翻、毁坏demonstrate证明depict描写derive获得despise蔑视detail详述detain使延迟devastate使荒废、毁灭devour毁灭de-=apartfromdecode译解defer延缓deficit赤字defrost去冰或霜dehydrate脱水detach派遣、分离dis-=apartawaydisadvantage不利disagree不同意disapprove不赞成disbelieve不信、怀疑discard抛弃discern辨认discontinue中止discord不一致discourage使气馁discreet言行谨慎discrepancy矛盾、不一致discrete个别的、不连续的discriminate歧视disfavor不赞成disguise伪装disgust厌恶disintegrate使分解display展示disregard忽视、不理睬dissolve溶解、解散distribute分配dessert甜点digest消化、融会dimension尺寸、规模diminish减少diffident缺乏自信的en-=inintoonatnearmakeenact制定为法律enclose围绕encompass围绕、包含encounter对抗encourage鼓励encroach侵占endeavor努力enlarge扩大enlighten启迪enlist使入伍enrage激怒enrich使丰裕entitle使有资格entrust委托environment环境embed埋入，深留embrace拥抱empower授权ex-=outoffullyexact正确exaggerate夸大exasperate激怒exceed超越excel优于、胜过excerpt摘录exclude拒绝、除外execute实现exempt免除exert施行、运用exhaust用尽exhibit陈列exhilarate使兴高采烈exit出口exotic外国的expand扩张、膨胀expect期望expel驱逐expire期满explicit明确的expose暴露exterior外面的external外部的extinguish熄灭extrinsic外在的emancipate解放\nextra-=beyondextraordinary特别的extreme极端的extremity极端fore-=beforeforearm前臂forebear祖先,祖宗forefather祖先,祖宗forefinger食指foregoing在前的,前述的foreground前景,最显著的位置forehead前额foreman领班,工头foremost最先的,最初的,最重要的foresee预见,预知foretell预言,预示,预测foreword前言,序hyper-=abovebeyondhyperactive极度活跃的hypercriticism苛求hyperinflation恶性通货膨胀hyper-militant极度好战的hypersensitive感觉过敏的hypo-=under(与hyper-相反)hypocrisy伪善hypothesis假设in-=inintooninborn天生的,生来的incentive动机inceptive起初的,开端的incident事件,事变include包括,包含income收入,收益increase增加,增大,增长incur招致indoor户内的,室内的induce劝诱,促使,导致indulge纵容infect传染,感染infiltrate渗透inflame燃烧inflate使(通货)膨胀,使充气infringe侵犯,违反infuriate激怒infuse灌输,注入ingrained根深蒂固的inhale吸入inherit继承inhibit抑制,约束inject注射,注入inlet入口,小港innate先天的,天生的innovate改革,创新inquire询问,问明,查究inscribe记下insect昆虫insert插入,嵌入insight洞察力,见识inspect检查,视察intake入口intoxicate使陶醉,醉人intrigue阴谋,诡计intuition直觉invade侵略,侵袭invest投资involve包括,使陷于illuminate照明,阐明illusion幻想illustrate举例说明,图解immerge浸入,浸没immigrate使移居入境impair削弱impart传授,告知impediment妨碍,阻碍impinge撞击impoverish使贫穷imprint留下烙印irrigate灌溉inter-=betweenamongintercept中途阻止,截取interchange相互交换interfere干涉,干预interfuse(使)混入,(使)混合intermingle混合international国际的,世界的interplay相互影响interpret解释,口译interrupt中断,插嘴intersect横断interstellar星际的intervene干涉,干预interval间隔,距离interweave(使)交织intra-/intro-=withininwardintrapersonal内心的intra-school校内的introspect内省,内观introvert性格内向的人macro-=largelongmacroeconomics宏观经济学macrometeorology宏观气象学\nmicro-=smallmicrobiology微生物学microeconomics微观经济学micrometeorology微观气象学microphone麦克风microscope显微镜neo-=newneoclassicism新古典主义neocolonialism新殖民主义neofascism新纳粹主义neoromanticism新浪漫主义out-=outbeyondoutbreak爆发outcome结果outcry叫喊outflow流出outlook展望outpour流出outgrow生长速度超过outlandish异国风味的outline外形、轮廓outlive生存得比~更长outnumber数目超过outpace追过outrage暴行outwit比~机智over-=aboveacrossbeyondoveract动作过度overbridge/overpass天桥overburden使负担过重overcoat大衣overcome击败、压倒overcredulous过度轻信的overcrowd过度拥挤overeat吃得过多overestimate高估overflow溢出、泛滥overlap部分重迭overseas海外的overtake赶上overthrow推翻overturn推翻overwhelm压倒para-=besidebeyondagainstcontraryparable比喻、寓言parachute降落伞paragraph段落parallel平行paralyze使麻痹paramount最高的、卓越的per-=throughthoroughlyawayperceive感觉、知觉perennial永久的perfect完美的perform实行、履行perish毁灭permanent永久的permeate渗透、普遍permit许可perpetual永远的perplex使困扰persist持久perspective远景、视角persuade说服pervade遍及、弥漫post-=afterbehindpostdoctoral博士后的posterior后部的posterity子孙postgraduate研究生postpone推迟postscript附笔pre-=beforeprecaution预防precede在前preclude阻止predecessor前任predict预言preface前言prefer较喜欢pregnant怀孕的prejudice偏见preliminary准备的premature未成熟的premium奖金preoccupy使凝神于prepare准备prerequisite首要的事物prescribe规定present现在的preserve保存preside主持（会议）presume假定pretend假装prevail盛行prevent妨碍、防止preview预习previous先前的re-=againbackrebel谋反recall召回、号召recede后退、撤回\nrecite背诵reclaim教化、纠正reconcile和解、调停record记录recreation娱乐recruit招募reduce减少redundant多余的、冗赘的refer参考reflect反映refraction折射refresh使爽快refrigerator冰箱refuge避难rehearse预演、排练reinforce增强reject拒绝relax放松relevant有关的relieve减轻reluctant勉强的remedy治疗remorse悔恨Renaissance文艺复兴renew更新renounce放弃repeat重复repel拒绝、排斥reply答复resemble相似restore恢复resume重新开始retard阻碍、妨碍retort反击、反驳revenue总收入revise校订、修正revive振兴retro-=backwardretrospect回顾se-=awayapartsecede脱离、退出secret秘密的secrete分泌seduce引诱segregate分离、隔离select选择separate分离step-=orphanedstepbrother同父异母(或同母异父)的哥哥(或弟弟)stepchild前夫(或前妻)所生子女stepdaughter继女,过继的女儿stepfather继父stepmother继母stepparent继父(母)stepsister异父（母）姐妹stepson继子sub-=undersubconscious潜意识的subject使服从sublime庄严的submarine潜水艇submerge淹没submit屈服于subscribe签名、捐助substance物质substitute代替subtitle副标题、字幕subway地铁succeed继承succinct简洁的suffer忍受suffice足够suffocate使窒息suggest提出summon传招、召集support支持suppress镇压susceptible易受影响的suspect怀疑sustain供应、维持super-=aboveoversuperabundant过多的superb豪华的、有余的supercilious自大的superficial表面的、肤浅的superintend监督、管理superior较好的supernatural超自然的supersonic超音速的superstition迷信supervise监督supreme最高的supremacy最高sovereign主权的surface表面surmount战胜、爬越surname姓surpass超越surplus过剩的surrender屈服surround包围survey考察survive生存syn-=withtogethersynchronism同时发生syndicate财团synonym同义字\nsyntax句法synthesis综合,合成system系统,体系syllable音节symbol符号,记号,象征sympathy同情,同情心symphony交响乐,交响曲symposium讨论会,座谈会symptom症状,征兆tele-=farofftelecommunication通讯telegram电报telegraph电报telephone电话telescope望远镜television电视trans-=beyondacrossovertransaction办理,交易transfer转移,传递transform转换translate翻译,解释transmit传输,转送transparent透明的,明晰的transport传送,运输tradition传统,惯例traitor叛逆者,叛国者tranquil安静的transcend超越,胜过trespass侵入with-=againstbackwithdraw收回,撤消withhold使停止,抑制withstand抵挡,经受住SUFFIX–antassistant助手,助教descendant子孙,后代emigrant移民immigrant移民,侨民inhabitant居民,居住者servant仆人tenant承租人,房客–eecommittee委员会employee职工,雇员examinee投考者,应试者nominee被提名的人,被任命者trainee练习生,新兵–eerauctioneer拍卖人–entagent代理(商)correspondent通讯记者opponent对手,反对者president总统,校长resident居民student学生,研究者,学者–erbaker面包师commander司令官,指挥官customer消费者gardener园丁leader领导者manufacturer制造商mariner水手murderer杀人犯,凶手owner所有者,业主philosopher哲学家,哲人prisoner囚犯producer生产者–essactress女演员empress皇后hostess女主人princess公主stewardess女乘务员–istcommunist共产主义者dogmatist武断的人novelist(长篇)小说家specialist专家tourist旅行者,旅游者typist打字员violinist小提琴演奏者–ism-asmantagonism对抗(状态)Buddhism佛教communism共产主义existentialism存在主义exoticism异国情调heroism英雄主义Marxism马克思主义optimism乐观主义pessimism悲观主义enthusiasm热心,积极性\n–itudealtitude高度aptitude恰当,智能fortitude坚韧gratitude感谢latitude纬度magnitude大小,数量,量级multitude多数solitude孤独–able-ibleamenableavailablechangeabledesirableimponderableirritablenoticeablereasonableunforgettablecontemptiblehorribleincrediblenegligible–edagedbeardedcrownedculturedgiftedmoneyedtalented–fuldreadfulfruitfulgracefulmercifulmournfulregretfulscornfulshamefulthoughtful–icacademicangelicarcticathleticdiplomaticdomesticemphaticexoticfantasticgiganticidioticlunaticpatrioticscenic–ishbookishbrownishchildishfeverishselfishyellowishbluishgreenishreddish–ousenviousfuriousgloriousgorgeousindustriouslaboriousperilousrighteousspaciousstrenuoustremulousviciousvirtuous–proofbombproofbulletprooffireprooffoolproofrainproofsoundproofwaterproofweatherproof–someburdensomeirksomemeddlesomequarrelsometiresometroublesomewearisomewholesome–endarkenfastenhastenheightenlengthenmoistenreddensharpenstrengthenthreatenweakenworsen–esce表动作开始或正在进行coalesceobsolesce–fyclassifyedifyfortifyfructifyidentifyjustifyliquefynullifypersonifypurifyqualifysatisfysignifysimplifystupefy–ishadmonishbanishblushcherishdemolishdiminishflourishfurnishlanguishpunish–ize/-isecivilizedramatizegeneralizeorganizespecializesymbolizeutilizevicimize–le\nchuckledazzlesparklesprinklestartletwinkleRootact=toact(在行动)activate刺激,使活动activation活化,激活activator催化剂,触媒剂actual实际的,真实的actuality实在,现状actualize实现,实施actuate开动,促使enact制定法律,颁布enactment设定,制定inaction无行动,不活动,无为,怠惰inactive无行动的,不活动的interact互相作用,互相影响react起反应,起作用reactor反应堆reaction反应,反作用transact办理,交易transaction办理,处理,agency代理处,行销处,代理,中介agent代理(商)agile敏捷的,轻快的,灵活的agility敏捷,活泼agitate搅动,摇动,煽动,激动agitation激动,兴奋,煽动,搅动agitator煽动者agony苦恼,极大的痛苦prodigal浪费的alt=high(高)altar祭坛,(基督教教堂内的)圣坛,祈祷祭拜的地方altimeter高度计altitude高度,exalt晋升exaltation提升,提高haughty傲慢的alter/ali=otheralter改变alteration变更,改造alternate交替,轮流,改变alternation交替,轮流,间隔alternative二中择一,可供选择的办法,事物altruism利他主义altruistic利他的,无私心的alien外侨alienate疏远adultery通奸,通奸行为am=toloveamateur业余爱好者amatory恋爱的,情人的amiable亲切的,和蔼可亲的amicable友善的,和平的amorist情人,情郎amorous多情的,恋爱的enemy敌人,仇敌enmity敌意,憎恨ang=tostrangleangerangryanguishanxietyanxiousangl/angul=angleangleangularequiangularquadrangularrectangletriangletriangularanim=breathmindanimalanimateanimationequanimityinanimatemagnanimityunanimityunanimousann=yearanniversaryannualbiannualbiennialcentennialperennialanthrop=mananthropocentric以人类为中心的anthropography人类地理分布学,人种志anthropology人类学philanthropy慈善事业apt=fitaptaptitudeaptnessadaptadaptableadaptationadaptiveinaptinaptitudeaqua=wateraquatic水的,水上的,水生的,水栖的arm=weaponsarmsarmadaarmamentarmedarmouralarmdisarmdisarmament\nart=skillartfulartistartisticartlessartifactartificialaud=tohearaudible听得见的audience听众,观众audiphones助听器audition听力,试听auditorial审计员的,查帐官的,通过听觉的auditorium会堂,礼堂auditory耳的,听觉的obedient服从的,孝顺的disobedient不服从的aug=toincreasetomaketogrowauctionauctioneeraugmentaugmentativeaugustauthorauthorityauthoritativeauthorizeauthenticauthenticityavi=birdaviateaviationaviatorauspiceauspiciousinauspiciousinaugurateinaugurationband/bond=tobindbandbandagebondboundboundarybio=lifebiochemistry生物化学biography传记biographer传记作者biology生物学autobiography自传autobiographical自传的antibiotic抗生素bre=shortbriefbrieflyabbreviationabridgeabridgementcand=whitebrightcandlecandidcandidateincandescentincandescencecant/chant/cent=tosingenchantenchantmentaccentaccentuatecap=headcapitalcapitalismcapitalistcapitalizecaptaincabbagedecapitateprecipitatecap=totakecapablecaptivecapturecast=tothrowcastbroadcastforecastoutcasttelecastcav=hollowcavecavernexcavatecedeceed=togotoyieldaccedeaccessaccessibleantecedeantecedentconcessionexceedexceedingexceedinglyexcessiveprecedeprecedenceprecedentproceedprocessrecessionsucceedsuccesssuccessfulsuccessivesuccessorceiveceptcipcipate=totakeacceptacceptableacceptanceacceptedconceiveconceivableconceptconceptiondeceivedeceivabledeceptiondeceptiveinterceptperceiveperceptionperceptivepreceptreceiptreceptivesusceptiblesusceptibilityanticipateanticipationparticipateparticipationemancipationceler=swift\ncelerityaccelerateaccelerationacceleratordeceleratecent=hundredcentennialcentigradecentimetercenturypercentpercentagecentr=centercentralcentralismcentralizationacentricconcentrateconcentrationdecentralizeeccentriccerncret=toseparateconcernconcerningdiscerndiscreetdiscretesecretsecretarysecretecert=sureascertaincertaincertaintycertifycertificatecertificationconcertchron=timechronicchronologysynchronouscidecise=tocutconcisedecidedecisiondecisiveinciseincisionincisiveinsecticidepreciseprecisionsuicidecirccyc=ringcirclecircularcirculatecirculationcircuitcircusencirclesemicirclecyclecyclistcyclonebicycletricycleencyclopaediacite=tocalltourgeciteexciteexcitableexcitementincitereciterecitalsolicitorclaimclam=tocryclaimclamouracclaimacclamationexclaimexclamationproclaimproclamationclin=tobenddeclineinclineinclinationclimaxclud=toshutcloseclosetclosureconcludeconclusionconclusivedisclosedisclosureencloseexcludeexclusionexclusiveincludeinclusionprecludesecludecognisgnos=toknowcognitioncognitivediagnosediagnosisignoreignorantrecognizerecognition