初中英语中考课本复习 38页

中考新目标英语第一轮复习资料课本重点复习GradeSeven(A)1.Whafsherfamilyname?(P5)firstname=givenname名•familyname=lastname姓•姓名顺岸:英美人的名在前，姓在后。女口：JimGreen中，Jim是firstname/givenname,Green是familyname/lastname;中国人的姓在前，名在后。(1)单姓单名：姓与名的首字母分别大写。如：LiPing(2)单姓双名：名的双字写在一起，只大写第一个名的首字母。如：YangLiwei(3)复姓：把复姓写在一起，只大写第一个字母。如：ZhugeLiang•family(家庭)、class(班级)，作主语，谓语用单数形式。family(家庭成员)、class(同学们)，作主语，谓语用复数形式。女口：MyfamilywereeatingdinnerwhenuncleLicamein.Ihaveafamily,thefamilyisahappyone・2.Thanksforthephotoofyourfamily.(P17)•Thanks=ThankyouThanksalot=Thankyouverymuch.=Manythanks・•Thanksforsth./doingsth.谢谢你Thanksforyourhelp.ThanksforhelpingmewithmyEnglish・Thanksto..•多亏…,由于・・・Thankstotreesandflowers,ourschoolisbecomingmoreandmorebeautiful.•aphotoofmine我的一张照片aphotoofme一张我本人的照片3・Hereismyfamilyphoto.(P17)•以here,there等副词开头的句子，主谓倒装。(主语为代词时则不倒装)女口:Herecomesthebus・Hereisyourpen.Hereyouare.=Hereitis.NotonlyhaveIbeentoBeijing,butalsoIhavebeentoTaiyuan.4・Pleasetakethesethingstoyourbrother.Canyoubringsomethingstoschool?(P23)•take:抱东击从此处带走。bring:把东西由别处带来。东西带7^(goandbring)carry:携带，搬运(无方向性)•some和any都可以修饰可数名词复数和不可数名词。区别如下：some用于肯定句中，如果用于疑问句，则表示希望得到肯定的回答或表示诚■■■U!■■■fetch/get：去把意。any用于否定句、疑问句和条件状语从句，如果用在肯定句则表示“任何一个”的意思。5.Thatsoundsgood.(P27)•系动词后用形容词作表语。\nsound/seem/look/become/get/turn/taste/feel/smell/touch+adj・\n•sound:声音的总称。noise:噪音voice:嗓音5.Doyoulikebananas?(P31)•likesb.todosth.likesb.nottodosth.以此类推：want,tell,teach,ask,•likedoingsth.:—贯性喜欢做某事，经常性喜欢做某事liketodosth.具体某一次喜欢做某事•likev.喜欢prep•介词像一样6.HowmuchisthisT-shirt?(P41)•Howmuchis/are?多少钱？It，s/They，re•Howmuch修饰不可数名词；Howmany修饰可数名词复数它们都是“多少”的意思。7.CanIhelpyou?(P43)售货员招呼顾客：CanIhelpyou?=WhatcanIdoforyou?=MayIhelpyou?顾客告诉售货员：Yes,please.Iwanttobuy.../Pmlookingfor・・・/I，dliketobuy…或者：No,thanks*Ionlyhavealook.询问顾客想买东西的特征：Whatcolor/size/kinddoyouwant?向顾客推荐商品:What/Howaboutthisone?Thisoneischeapandnice.顾客询问价格:Howmuchis/are...?Howmuchdoesitcost?Whafsthepriceofit?买卖达成：Illtake/have/buy/getit.8.Whenisyourbirthday?Howoldareyou?(P49)询问年龄:Howoldareyou?Whafsyourage?回答年龄：主语+be+数词(+yearsold)•Heisaneight-year-oldboy.=Heiseightyearsold.•howold,howoften,howsoon,howfar;howlong,howmany,howmuch,howmanytimes,10.1wanttoseeanactionmovie・(P53)•wantsth・wanttodosth・wantsb・todosth・wantsb・nottodosth.•look:发生看的动作lookat...看see:看见没有的结果listen:发生听的动作listento..・听heai•:听见没有的结果watch:强调观看运动着的事物或影像。如：看电视，看比赛，看电影，看表演等read:阅读，朗读如：看书，看报，看信，看杂志，看地图11.Canyouplaytheguitar?(P59)•can,may,must,need是情态动词，后面必须跟动词原形一起构成谓语。•playthe+乐器play+球/棋/牌类\n12.Whatafunnytimetoeatbreakfast!(P67)感叹句：How+adj./adv.（+主语+谓语）！女口：Howhardheworks!Whata/an+adj.+名词单数（+主语+谓语）！What+adj.+名词复数（+主语+谓语）！What+adj.+不可数名词（+主语+谓语）！如：Whatbadweather/music/news/water/adviceitis!单词归类记忆：乐器：guitar,drum,piano,trumpet,violin球类：football,soccer,basketball,volleyball,baseball,tennis,ping-pong星期：Sunday,Monday,Tuesday,Wednesday,Thursday,Friday,Saturday月份：January,February,March,April,May,June,July,August,September,October,November,December电影：actionmovie,comedy,documentary,thriller,BeijingOpera,cartoon\nGradeSeven(B)1.She'sfromJapan.(Pl)•befrom=comefrom•国家一人一语言China一Chinese一ChineseEngland—Englishman—EnglishGermany—German一GermanItaly一Italian一ItalianAmerica一American一EnglishCanada—Canadian—EnglishIndia—Indian—IndianFrance—Frenchman—French2.MyfavoritesubjectinschoolisP・E・It'sfun.(P5)•onetfavorite•V+doinghavefun,bebusy,can'thelp,giveup,lookforwardto,be/getusedto,feellike,havetrouble/problem/difficult/ahardtime,payattentionto,beworth,keepon,putoff,endup,mind,Hnish,keep,practice,enjoy,permit,spend,keep,continue,consider,suggest,caiTthelp,miss+doingsth3.Thepayphoneisacrossfromthelibrary.(P8)•acrossfrom=beoppositeto在…的对面•询问方向：Where'sthenearest...?Whichisthewayto...?HowcanIgettothe・・・?Istherea・・・nearhere?Canyoutellmethewaytothe・・・？IdoiTtknow/1wanttoknow/Couldyoutellmewhere...is?•指点方向：Go/Walkalong/acrossthisroad/street・Takethefirst/second/thirdturningontheleft/right.Ifsabout...kilometersformhere.The…isalongtheroadontherightIfsoverthereontheright.It'squitefarfromhere・4.Whatdoesshedo?(P19)现在的职业：Whatdoessb.do?Whatam/is/aresb?Whafssb9sjob?将来的工作：Whatdoessb.wanttobe?Sb.wantstobe...5・How^stheweatherinBeijing?It'ssunny.(P31)snow—snowy•Howistheweathertoday?=Whafstheweatherliketoday?•sun—sunnywind—windycloud―loudyrain—rainyfog—foggy6.Hi,Alice?ThisisBob.(P33)打电话给某人：May/Can/CouldIspeakto...?Fdliketospeakto…please?问对方是谁:Isthat...(speaking)?Who'sthat?Who'scalling/speaking,自我介绍：Thisis...(speaking)o...isspeaking・Hello,...here.转告某人接电话:Yoifrewantedonthephone.There^sacall/phoneforyou.Someonewantsyouonthephone・转告的人就在身边：Ifsforyou•或Foryou.\n请对方稍等：Holdon(theline),please・HoldonforamomentDon，thangup,please・6.Sheneverstopstalking.(P43)•对频率提问，用Howoften.(never,ever,sometimes,often,usually,once,twice，threetimesaday,hardly,hardlyever)•stoptodosth.停止现击的事，去做勇一件拿。stopdoingsth.停止做某事&Itwastimetogohome.(P58)It'stimetodosth.It'stimeforsb.todosth.It'stimeforsth.9.1foundalittleboycryinginthecorner.(P63)•感官动词：不论感官动词是动词的什么形式，其后只有两种形式。(1)see/watch/hear/notice/findsb.dosth某人做了某事(全过程)(2)see/watch/hear/notice/findsb.doingsth.……某人正在做某事(正在进行)•inthecorner在一角/角落里atthecorner在拐角处5.Thatmademefeelveryhappy.(P63)•make/let/stay/keepsb.+adj.•make/letsb.dosth.在被动语态中，省略的to要还原。•makesb・sth.=makesth.forsb・为某人做•makeoneselfdone让某人被6.Don'tarrivelateforclass.(P71)•belatebelatefor•arrivein+大地方arriveat+小地方getto+地方reach+地方注意：home,here,there,upstairs,downstairs,abroad是副词，他们前面的介词要去掉。\nGradeEight(A)1.Whafsthematterwithyou?Ihaveasorethroat.(P7)•Whafsthematter=Whafsthetrouble?=Whafswrong?=Whafsup?•There'ssomethingwrongwith..・•haveasorethroat,haveasoreback,haveasoreleg•haveacough,haveacold,haveafever,haveatoothache,haveastomachachehaveaheadache2.Ifseasytohaveahealthylifestyle,andifsimportanttoeatabalanceddiet.Ifs+adj.+todosth.做棄事3.Howdoyougettoschool?Iusuallywalk,butsometimesItakethebus.(P20)回答交通方式时，常用下列形式：take+限定词+交通工具+to+某地go/getto+某地+by+交通工具单数go/getto+某地+in/on+限定词+交通工具walk/ride/drive/flyto+某地如：Wetakeabustoschool.Hegoestoworkbybike.Hismotherdriveshimtoschool.Igotoschoolinmyfather^car.goto・・・bybus/ship/boat/car/train/subway=takeabus/ship/boat/car/train/subwayto..・goto・・・onfoot=walkto・・・goto・・・byplane/air=flyto・・・goto・・・onthebus/bikegoto・・・inthecar4.Ifstakesabout25minutestowalkand10minutesbybus.(P21)•Ittakessb.sometimetodosth.•Sb・spend..・onsth./(in)doingsth・Sb・pay...forsth・•Sth.cost...5.LiuYingisnotasgoodatsportsashersister.(P33)•begoodat=dowellin擅长•…begoodfor对有好处。begoodto=befriendlyto对很友善。begoodwithsb.和…相处融洽•as+原级+as和…一样notas/so+原级+as和…不一样6.1amalittletallerthanher.(P33)•alittle=abit=alittlebit=kindof有点丿L•akindof...一种…allkindsof...各种各样的…differentkindsof..・不同种类的…bekind和蔼的•能放在形容词比较级的前面，表示程度的词有：much，alittle,alot,even,far•不能放在形容词比较级前的词有:quite,very,too,rather7.Turnontheblender.(P41)\n•turnon,turnoff,turnup,turndown•祈使句的反义疑问：Willyou?Lefsshallwe?Letus...,willyou?\n•祈使句的否定句：在句首加Doift即可。&Youarenevertooyoungtostartdoingthings・(P55)•too..・(forsb.)to...主语为物时，不定式后不能禅带宾语。如：Theboxistooheavyformetocarryit.(it应该去掉)•too・・・to…可用not・・.enough…或so...that…来改写。女口：Heistooyoungtogotoschool.=Heisn'toldenoughtogotoschool.=Heisoyoungthathecan'tgotoschooL9.inOctober,2000,LiYunditookpartinthe14thChopinInternationalpianoCompetitioninPoland.(P57)takepartin:指参与群众性活动、会议、竞赛、考试等。join:指参加团体、组织后，成为其中的一员。也可参加某人。10.Hewonfirstprizeinhisgroup.(P5)win:赢得比赛lose:磕掉比赛beat:打败对手hit：打人11.Whatareyougoingtobewhenyougrowup?(P59)•将来时的表达：1).begoingto+V原2).will+V原3).bedoingsth.•when:当时；什么时候12.Pmgoingtomoresomethinginteresting.(P61)形容词做定语修饰不定代词时，形容词后置。(something,somebody,somewhere,anything,anything,anywhere,nothing)13.borrowsomemoney.(P68)•borrowsth.fromsb=borrowsb.sth.主语借进lendsth.tosb.=lendsbsth.主语借出•借了多长时间用keep;买了多久时间用have;死了多长时间用bedead,开始了多久用beon14.About200yuananightisenough.(76)enough+n・adj./adv.+enough\nGradeEightB1.Doyouthinktherewillberobotsinpeople'shome?(P2)•Doyouthink后跟宾语从句。•Therebe句型中不能在出现have/has;Therebesth/sb.doingsth.•就近原贝!hTherebe,Either...or…,Neither...nor…,Notonly..・butalso...,离动词最近的主语决定动词的单复数形式2.Attheweekends,Tilbeabletodressmorecasually.(P6)•beableto用于任何时态；can用于一般现在时和过去时态•dress+人：给穿衣Hismotherdressedhiminnewclothes・表示"穿着”的状态时用：bedressedin+衣服或颜色。dressupas,dressoneself,be/getdressedin+衣服、颜色puton:穿衣的动作wear:穿着衣服的状态bein+颜色、衣服、帽子等，强调状态ShewasdressedinRussianstyle.Putonmoreclothes,oryoifllbecold.Maryiswearingayellowdresstoday.Heiswearingasweater.Whosethatmaninaredcoatoverthere?3.Theymightfinditdifficulttoplanthingsforthemselves.(Pl6)•Sb.fincl/think/feelitadj.forsb.todosth.•plan—planned—planningbabysit—babysat—babysitting4.WhatwasthegirldoingwhentheUFOtookoff?(P19)takeoff:(脱下；飞机/小鸟起飞；事业/经济的腾飞，迅速发展)take+时间+off休假5.Lanasaidshewasn9tmadatMarciaanymore・(P27)•anymore=anymorenot・・・anylonger=nolonger(谓语用延续性动词)not...anymore=nomore•be/getmadatsb.=be/getangrywith§b・生某人的气bemadabout...对狂热的6.Ifyougototheparty,you'llhaveagreattime.(P34)•if:在条件状语中是“如果”的意思，在宾语从句中是“是否”的意思。Idoiftknowifhewillcomeback,ifhecomesback,pleasecallme・•在状语从句中(由when,after,if,until,unless,assoonas等引导)，主句是下列情况之一，从句用一般现在时表示将来的意思：主句有情态动词；主句是祈使句；主句是将来时)7・Ifyouarefamous,peoplewillwatchyouallthetimeandfollowyoueverywhere.(P38)•famous=well-known•befamousfor因而出名(跟出名的原因)befamousas以……而出名(跟职业/身份/地位)\n•allthetime总是，一直allthesame仍然、还是6.Thanksforsendingmethesnowglobeofthemonster.(P48)sendsb・sth・=sendsth・tosb・givesb・sth.=givesth.tosbpasssb.\nsth=passsth.tosb.offersb-sth<=offersth.tosb.lendsb.sth.=lendsth.tosbborrowsb.sth.=borrowsth.tosb.sb.sth.=buysth.forsb・当直接宾语是代词时，只能放在间接宾语的前面。如：passittomethemforherbytheway顺便说一下intheway妨碍*挡路ontheway在途中inthisway以这种方式10・ThemoreIlearnaboutChinesehistory,themoreIenjoyChina.(P50)•The+比较级，the+比较级越……,就越……livingin•比较级+and+比较级；moreandmore+原级（能加more的形容词）越来越……11.Forexample,droppinglitterisalmostnewerallowed.•例如1：forexample,suchas•动名词/不定式做主语，谓语用三单形式。allowsbtodosth.beallowedtodosth.6.Bytheway,whafsyourhobby?(P48)5.Whydon^tyougetherascarf?(P60)•提建议：Whydon，tyou+V原？Whynot+V原？Youshould+V原.Yoifdbetter+V原.Lefs+V原.HowaboutH-Ving?Whatabout+Ving?6.Peopledoiftneedtospendtoomuchmoney.Instead,makingamealisenough.(P65)•Sb.needtodosth.(主语为人)Sth.needdoingsth.(主语为物)•need:情态动词、行为动词•toomuch+不可数名词toomany+可数名词复数muchtoo+形容词•instead:代替(放在句尾)；然而，相反的(放在居首)insteadof...:代替(放在句中)7.Haveyoueverbeento...?(P68)have/hasbeento去过，已回have/hasgoneto去未回来have/hasbeenin在8.Me,neither.(P69)•甲方怎样，乙方也怎样：SO+谓语+主语•甲方不怎样，乙方也不怎样：Neither/Nor+谓语+主语•甲方怎样，乙方赞同：So+主语+谓语•甲方不怎样，乙方赞同：Neither/Nor+主语+谓语或者：Me,either.•Neither/Either+名词单数，谓语用单数\n•Neither/Eitherof+名词复数，谓语用单数16•…，morethanthreequartersofthepopulationareChinese,...(P74)•morethan=over•表示人口的“多”用large/big,表示人口的“少”用small.•问"人口的多少”时，用"Whafsthepopulationof”17.1feellikepartofthegroupnow.(P80)想做某事：wanttodosth.wouldliketodosth.feellikedoingsth.18.feedsth.to....=feed•…withsth.给喂keep+动物：饲养动物19•不敢做某事：beafraidtodosth.担心出现某种后果：beafraidofdoingsth.如：Umafraidoffallingdownfromthewall.Fmafraidtoclimbthetree.\nGradeNine1.1studybyworkingwithagroup.(P2)by用法小结：在旁边(near)Willyousitdownherebythewindow?在之前Ihavetogobackbyteno'clock.BythetimeIwenthome,mymomhadcookedlunch・借助于用Igotoschoolbybus.IlearnEnglishbylisteningtotheradio・2.dealwith(P8)Howwillyoudealwiththisproblem?Whatwillyoudowiththisproblem?3・Iusedtobeafraidofthedark.(PIO)4.usedtodosth.过去常常be/getusedtodoingsth.习惯于beafraidof=beterrifiedof5.Sixteen-year-oldsshouldnotbeallowedtogettheirearspierced.(P18)•sixteen-year-olds=sixteen-year-oldteenagers•gettheirearspiercedget/havesth・done6.Whatwouldyoudoifyouhadamilliondollars?(P26)•具体数字/several+hundred/thousand/million/billionhundreds/thousands/millions/billionsof•虚拟语气：主语+vvould/should/could+V原if+主语+过去时态(be动词用were)7.ItmustbelongtoCarla.(P34)belongtosb.=besb's&She9sworriedbecauseofhertest.(P36)•becauseof+短语because+句子(主语+谓语)•beworriedabout=worryabout担心9.Theremustbesomethingvisitingthehomesinourneighborhood.(P38)•Therebe...doingsth.Therebe句型中不能再有have/has•mustbe一定10.Tilhelpcleanupthecityparks・(P60)动词+副词，代词放中间：cheerup,setup,putup,fixup,cutup,cleanup,giveup,pickup,lookup,mixup,useup,eatup,giveout,workout,hangout,handout,cleanout,turnon,turnoff,turndown,turnup,takeoff,putoff,puton,giveaway,putaway,thinkovei;lookover11.Ifsusedforseeinginthedark.(P69)beusedby被使用beusedfordoingsth.=beusedtodosth.被用来做beusedas把用作\n12.1onlyjustmadeittomyclass.(P78)我刚好到达教室。•makeit办成功,做到，赶到Ithinkwelljustmakeit.•及时到达；赶上Thetrainleavesinfiveminutes,we，llnevermakeit!•约定（时间）Asforournextmeeting,lefsmakeitthedayaftertomorrow.13.AttimesanadcanleadyoutobuysomethingyoudoiTtneedatall.（pl06）•attimes=sometimes有时sometime某时sometimes几次，几倍sometime一段时间•leadsb.todosth•纵容/引诱/引导某人做某事Heledustohishome.Youleadandwe，llfollow.14.1prefertoreceiveagiftthathassomethoughtbehindit.（P108）prefertodosth.prefertodosth.ratherthandosth.preferdoingsth.todoingsth.9.Thewallsaremadefromoldglassbottlesthataregluedtogether.（P122）bemadefrom由制成（看不出原料）bemadeof・・・・・・由……制成（能看出原料）注意：takeplace和happen都是表示“发生”的意思，都没有被动语态。它们的区别是：happentosb・某人发生了某事happentodosth.碰巧发生了某事happen:—切客观事情或情况的偶然或耒能预见地发生takeplace:发生事先计划或预想到的事物•（历史上的事件，集会等先布置而后发生或举行的事情，不用于地震等自然现象）九年级英语上期期末复习（Unitl・12）Unit1一、Hestudiesbyaskingtheteacherforhelpby以…方式，靠+n/doingIwenttoschoolbybus/train/subway/bike/plane/boat...・二、thebestwaytodosth做某事的最好方法三、JoiningtheEnglishclubwasthebestwaytoimproveourEnglish・动名词作主语+V三单四、havetrouble/problem/difficult/ahardtime+doingsth做某事很困难五、laughatsb.嘲笑某人六、last（持续）+—段时间Therainlastedfor6hoursyesterday.七、regardas=consider....as=treatas把当成八、complaintosbaboutdoingsth抱怨某人做某事九、except/besides\nexcept除…以外•…Allthestudentswenttothezooexceptmebesides除…•以外（包括在内）Ihavefewfriendsbesidesyou.十xassoonas....一•…就（条件状语从句，主将从现）I，llcallyouassoonasIgetthere・十一、if引导宾语从句时“是否”if引导条件状语从句“假如，如果S主句\n为将来时，从句用一般现在时。Idon'tknowifitwillrain,ifitrains,Iwon'tgoout.宾从条从Unit2一、1)usedtodosth过去常常做某事Heusedtodohomeworkuntil10pm.2)beusedtodoingsth习惯于做某事Fmusedtogettingupearly.Sheisusedtolivingalone.3)beusedtodosth=beusedfordoingsth被用于做某事Knifeisusedtocutthings=Knifeisusedforcuttingthings.二、afford买得起,负担得起(…的费用)Ican，taffordanewcar.affordtodosth负担得起做某事三、getintroublewith与•…发生纠纷bepatientwithsbofsth在某事上对某人很耐心四、beproudof=takepridein+n/doing对感到骄傲五、ItStime(forsb)todosth/Ifstimeforsth是(某人)该做某事的时候了Unit3一、beallowedtodosth被允许做某事allowsbtodosth允许某人做某事allowtodosth允许做某事二、(1)insteadof+n/pre/vingSheprefersmilkinsteadof(=ratherthan)coffee・We，dliketogosightseeinginsteadofstayingathome.(2)instead相反的、代替。常放句末。Idon'tlikeswimming,Ilikeplayinggamesinstead・三、Sodowe我也是So+助、be＞情态动词+主语“某人也一样”Ihavetodomyhomework・Sodoeshe・Nor/neither助、be、情态动词+主语“某人也不”Marydidiftgotothepartylastnight.Neither/nordidI・四、Pmnotallowedtogetmyearspierced・Getsthdone/havesthdone这事儿不是主语做的，而是找别人做的。Mybikebrokedown,Tilhaveitrepaired.我的自行车坏了，我得找人修理。五、bestrictwithsb对某人严格bestrictinsth在某方面很严格六、becomfortabletodosth做某事很方便七*begoodfor对有好处。Vegetableandfruitaregoodforyourhealth,begoodat=dowellin+n/pre/doing擅长•…Heisgoodatswimmingbegoodto=befriendlyto对…••很友善。八、haveanopportunitytodosth有机会做某事。九、语法：不定代词(1)some/any均为“一些”，+可.不可数名词；some—般用于肯定，any多用\n于否定或疑问句。但在疑问句中，当表示说话人希望得到肯定回答或表达请求、建议时应用some.…Wouldyoulikesomecoffee?---Yes,please./No,thanks(2)many/muchmany4-可数名词much+不可数名词都可与so,too,as,how搭配。either/neithereither指两者其一neither指两者都不eitheror不是…就是•…neithernor既不…也不十、other,theother,others,theothers,anotherother别的、其他的theother两者中另一个one,theother一个…另一个others泛指别的人或物=other+复数名词some,others一些另一些theothers特指其余剩下的人或物some,theothers一些其余的……another任何一个，另一个。（指三者以上中的任何一个）getinthewayof妨碍十二、On....team・在・・•队里Heisontheschoolsoccerteam.两者都没十三＞happen出乎意料的发生takeplace有计划的发生有被动语态thisaccidenthastakenplacefor5years.十四、beseriousabout+n/pre/doing对…•很认真十五、succeed(in)doingsth成功地做某事successn・successfuladjUnit4一、数词+hundred/thousand/million/billion几百/千/百万/十亿hundreds/thousands/millions/billions+of成百的/千的/百万的/十亿的二、辨析bring/take/fetch/carry三、IfIwereyou,I'dwearashirtandtie.IfIhadamilliondollars,Tdbuyabighouse.If的用法：在含有非真实条件句的复合句中，表示一种假设，需用虚拟语气，对现在情况的假设，条件从句中用一般过去时（be动词勇were）,主句用would/should/could+V原Iftheywerehere,theywouldhelpyou.如果複设情况可能发生，句子用陈述语气，条件从句用一般现在时，主句用将来时。Ifhecomes,Fllbringhimapresent.Ifitrainstomorrow,wewon%haveapicnic.\n四、invitesbtosomewhere・invitesbtodosth\n五、辨析borrow/lend/keepborrow...from....（主语）借进Iborrowedbooksfromschoollibrary.lendto（主语）借出Couldyoulendyourdictionarytome?keep借并保存一段时间（常用于完成时for,since与搭配，代替borrow）Pvekeptthisstorybookforamonth，andIdidn^treturnit・六、许多。alotof,lotsof,some,plentyof既可修饰可数，也可修饰不可数名词。⑵anumberof+可数名词复数+V复“大量的”Anumberoftreesarecutdown.⑶thenumberof+可数名词复数+V三单"・・的数量”Thenumberofstudentsinourclassis52.(4)amountof,much,alittle9little9abitof9adealof+不可数名词+V三单⑸many，afew，few+可数名词复数+V复七、(rather)than其后动词的形式，与前面动词的形式保持一致。Ilikesingingthandancing.宁愿做…而不愿做2）wouldliketodosth,thandosth3）4）preferdoingtodoing1）wouldratherdosththandosth.prefertodosthratherthandosth八、害怕做某事beafraidofdoingsth=beterrifiedofdoingsth=bescaredofdoingsthbeafraidtodosth九、win赢得比赛、演讲、地位、荣誉十、辨别beat击败某人、某队noise噪音DoiTtmakeanynoise!voice人的嗓音Hehasagoodvoice.sound泛指各种声音Thesoundofcaristooloud.i—、tastev・品尝，尝起来n・味道，品味系动词taste,smell,look,sound,feel+adj十二、语法。Givesbsth=givesthtosb这种结构的动词还有：（加to的）give,show,send,bring,pass,lend,tell（加for的）make,buy,do,have,cook,find,singEg:Iboughtagiftforher.=IboughtheragiftShelentmeabook=Shelentabooktome.Unit5一.—Whosebookisthis?—Itmust/might/can%/couldbesb9sbelongtosb・二、It's+adj+that・・・・It'snecessary/clear/importantthat.・・・It5s+adj+todosthit'simportant/necessarytoworkhard・find/think+it+adj+todosth.IfounditdifficulttorememberEnglishwords.\n三、对・・•感至!］担心、。beanxious/worriedabout...worryabout渴望做某事beanxioustodosth四、Hecouldberunningforexercise・情态动词+be+doingsth（表示猜测可能正在做某事）五、sthhappentosb某人碰巧遇到某事Whenhewalkedacrosstheroad,thecaraccidenthappenedtohim.六、太•…muchtoo+adj太多....toomuch+不可数ntoomany4-可数nUnit6一、prefersthtosthIpreferfishtomeat.prefertodosth，ratherthandosth.=wouldratherdosththandosthTheyprefertostayathomeratherthangoout.preferdoingtodoingJimprefersreadingtoplayinggames・二、play+运动、棋类、消遣playbasketball/soccer/volleyball/tennis/ping-pong/baseball/chessplay+the+乐器playtheguitar/violin/piano/trumpet/drums三、go+运动ing:goshopping/fishing/sightseeing/cooking四、aloudloudloudlyaloud指读书readaloud.loud,loudly可互换，但loud可作adj，loudly却不能。五、使•…想起….提醒（某人）remindsbremindsbofsthThephotosremindedmeofmyschooldays.remindsbtodosthCanyouremindmetowakehimupat6:25・六、though/although和but不能连用Mygrandfatheris100yearsold,butheisveryhealth.=Thoughmygrandfatheris100yearsold,heisveryhealth.because和so也不能连用七、famous=well-knownbefamousforMartinisfamousforwritingstory.befamousasSheisfamousasascientist・befamoustoTheGreatWallisfamoustotheworld・八、afew+可数名词（表肯定）一些alittle+不可数名词（表肯定）一些few（表否定）几乎没有little（表否定）几乎没有_九*because+句子becauseof+名词、代词、动名词短语Hestoppedplayingsoccerbecausehehadaheadache・Hestoppedplayingsoccer\nbecauseofhisheadache・\n十、expecttodosth=hopetodosth=wishtodosth.十一、haveagreattime=havefun=enjoyoneself.Unit7一、辨析relaxed/relaxingtired/tiringfascinated/fascinatingexcited/excitingfrustrated/frustratingdisappointed/disappointingsurprised/surprisingamazed/amazinginterested/interesting(加ed的修饰人“感到。。。的”;加ing的修饰物“令人。。。的”)eg:Shewassurprisedtoreadthissurprisingnews.相关短语：beexcitedatbedisappointedatbesurprisedat/todosthbeinterestedin=takaaninterestin+n/Ving二.旅行。trek徒步跋涉trektroughthejungle/forest/mountaintravel泛指旅行travelaroundtheworld・trip短途旅行haveatrip.TriptoChengdu.三、想要、愿意做某事wouldliketodosth=wanttodosth.-Wherewouldyouliketogo?…Fdliketovisitsomewherewarm.四.辨析crossthrough(1)cross从表面上通过⑵through从空间通过(3)over从上方跨过(4)past从旁边经过class・overpastwalkcrossthestreet/bridge/river....gothroughtheforest/jungle/crowed..・jumpoverthewallHewalkedpastthewindowwhenwewerehaving五、hope/wish(1)hopetodosthhope+从句(2)wishtodosthwishsbtodosthwish+从句六、Fdliketogosomewhererelaxing・adj放不定代词后修饰不定代词。七、Whynot+V原••…?=Whydoiftyou+V原…・?Lefs+V原丿、、consider考虑、认为considerdoingsth/+how(what)+todosth/+名词、从句eg:We'reconsideringvisitingParisforholiday*Hehasneverconsideredhowtosolvetheproblem・Allofyoushouldconsiderthefeelingofthepeople・九、Doyouconsider(认为)thatwecanfinishtheprojectontime?oneof+adj最高级+复数名词+V三单OneofthehighestsightsinParisisEiffelTower.十、辨析include/includingOurschoolincludestwoparts:PrimaryandMiddleSchool.\nIlikeallsportsincludingplayingsoccer.H—、travelingaroundParisbytaxicancostalotofmoney,travelingaroundParisbytaxi动名词做主语+V三单oneofthecheapestwaystovisitParisistakingtheundergroundtrain.动名词作表语从句的主语十二、辨析costspendpaytakeSthcosts(cost)TheTVcostme500dollarsSbspend(spent)onsth/doingsthIspent500dollarsontheTV.Ispent500dollarsbuyingtheTV.Sbpay(paid)....For...Ipaid500dollarsfortheTV1Ittakes(took)sbtodosth.Ittookme500dollarstotheTV；十三、unless=ifnot（主将从现，主过从过）Unlessyouseeadoctor,you条件状语从句，由if，unless引导。Ifitdoesn'train,weUlgofishing.shouldiTttakethemedicine・十四、提供。(l)providesbwithsth=providesthforsb・Hetriedtofindajobtoprovidehisfamilywithfood.Hetriedtofindajobtoprovidefoodforhisfamily.(2)offersbsth=offersthtosb.Sheofferedmoneytothepoorchildren.offertodosth自愿做某事十五、mind,finish,keep,bebusy,feellike,practice,havefun,enjoy,havetrouble/problem/difficult/ahardtime,permit,spend,beworth,keepon,keep,beusedto,continue,giveup,putoff,endup,payattentionto,lookforwardto,consider,suggest,can'thelp,miss+doingsthfeel,hear,see,find,watch,noticesbdosth(做过)doingsth(正在做)十六、辨析stoptodo/stopdoingremembertodo/rememberdoingforgettodo/forgetdoingtrytodo/trydoinggoontodo/goondoingallowtodo/allowdoing十七、在介词后(in,at,after,on,to,for,of,by,against,with,without,after,before,)如果要用动词，只能用vingIstudyforatestbyworkingwithgroups・十八、enough的由法adj/adv+enough足够。。。样enough+n足够的。。。十九、语法：主谓一致。1•当and或both...and...连接两个或三个名词作主语，谓语动词用复数。BothyouandIaregoodfriends.\n2•不定代词作主语+V三单(either,neither,each,theother,another,any/every/no/some弓I导的不定代词)Everyoneisgoingtobeachtomorrow.3.由each,every引导的作主语，指同一个人时，+V三单Eachboyandgirlwasgivenagift.4•主语后有with,alongwith,togetherwith,aswellas,morethan,including,besides,like,except,but.谓语动词由前面的主语决定.MrLiwithhiswifeandchildreniscomingnextweek・Tombesideshisfriendsplaysvolleyballeveryafternoon・5.either...or....neither...nor..・notonly...butalso..•连接两个主语，谓语动词有靠近它的主语决定，即就近原则。NotonlymyparentsbutalsoIamlookingforwardtomeetingmyuncle.Eitheryouorheisright.6.therebe句型的be动词由靠近它的主语决定，即就近原则。Thereisatableandmanydesksintheroom・7.oneof+复数名词+V三单oneofthewomenisfromAmerica.二十、dreamofdoingsthachieve/cometrueIbelieveIwillachievemydreamoneday.=Ibelievemydreamwillcometrueoneday.二十一、receive/acceptFvereceivedherinvitationtotheparty,butIdidiTtacceptit,becauseI'mbusy.二十二、辨析sothatsothat...・such・・・・That…1)sothat=inorderthatheworkshardsothathecanmakemoremoney.2)such修饰强调名词。such+a/an+adj+n+that从句Maryissuchayounggirlthatshecan'tgotoschool.such+adj+不可数名词、复数名词+that从句3)so修饰强调adj或adv.so+adj/adv+that从句Heissocleverthathecanworkoutalltheproblems.4)当名词由many,much,few,little修饰时，只能用sosomany/few+可数名词复数+that从句somuch/little+不可数名词+that从句TherearesomuchtimethatIcanplaywithfriends.\n二十三、短语。bewillingtodosthitseemsthat...holdonto..二十四、定语从句besimilartoseemtodosthaccordingto(详见Unit6-7)2)too...to..・=not...enoughto....=sothat...・\n1)一般情况下，that可指人，也可指物，可代替who,whom,which;但不能和介词搭配。Which指物who,whom,whose指人where指某地when指某时Adoctorisapersonwholooksafterpeople9health.Iliketheplaceswherepeoplearefriendly.2）掌握th毗的几种特殊用法（详见书上）3）掌握whom,which与介词的用法Units8-12自愿花费时间做某事volunteerone'stimetodosthmakeaplantodosth=plantodosth计划或某事takeafter=besimilarto和….相似repair=fixup修理thankyou（thanks）fordoingsthIke表傘例时“像•…”其后如果跟动词必须用doingbe（get）usedtodoingsth习惯于做某事usedtodosth过去常常做某事(某物)被用于做某事beusedtodosth=beusedfordoingsthcarry携带，搭乘，运载，抬take带走fetch取回enough+n足够的•…辨析bring,take,carry,fetchbring拿来adj/adv+enough足够divideinto把•…划分成…n—、thepopularityofbasketballhasrisenworldwide,popularity人口+V三单十二、thenumberof（的数量）+V三单anumberof（大量的）+V复数十三*dreamofdoingsth梦想做某事十四、happen=takeplace（没有被动语态）十五、辨析forgetdoinglose一lost—lostforgettodosth忘记去做某事sth忘记做过某事leave（left）sthsomewhere把（某物）忘在某地丢失十六、到达arriveat/in+地点getto+地点reach+地点注明：如果后面不跟地点只能用arrive十七、ontime准时intime按时十八、wakeup醒来wake-woke-wakenhangout闲逛十九、wait(for)sbtodosth等待某人做某事二十、invitesbtodosth邀请某人做某事invitesbtosomewhere邀请某人去某地二十一、辨析embarrassed/embarrassing二十二、showup出现、出席stayup熬夜二十三、dressup装扮、打扮dresssb（in）给（某人）穿衣服wear看着、戴着（表状态）puton穿上（表动作）\n二十四、hundredsof数百的、thousandsof数千的、millionsof数百万的、billionsof数十亿的。数词4-hundred/thousand/million/billion几百、几千、几百万、几十亿二十五、mairysb嫁给（某人）getmarried和（某人）结婚二十六、sellout卖完sell-sold-sold二十七、therebe句型中的be动词用is还是are,取决于靠近它的主语是单数还是复数。二十八、问路方式：Couldyoutellme（Doyouknow）howtogetto?Couldyoutellmethewayto....?CouldyoutellmewhereIcan（dosth）..?Couldyoutellmewhere....is?Couldyoutellmeifthereis/arearoundhere?二十九、beinterestedin=takeaninterestin+n/doing三十、宁愿做某事，而不愿做某事。prefertodosthratherthandosthwouldratherdosththandosthpreferdoingtodoingsth注：（rather）than后面的动词形式与前面的并列成分一致。三—、lookfor寻找find找到、发现findout查明、弄清楚三十二、beconvenienttodosth方便做某事三十三、havefun=haveagoodtime=enjoyoneself玩得高兴havefundoingsth做某事很愉快三十四、agoodplacetodosth做某事的好地方三十五、dressupas•…打扮成三十五、when（一般后跟过去时）while（一般后跟进行时）三十六、ifsnecessarytodosth做某事很有必要三十七、borrowfrom....向.…借•…lendsthtosb借给某人某物.keep借并保存一定时间.常与一段时间连用。Fvekeptthisbookforaweek.我已经借了这本书一周了三十八、wonder=wanttoknow想矢口道三十九、trouble打扰、麻烦havetrouble/difficult/problem/ahardtime+doingsth做某事很困难\n四十、inorderto为了Inordernottobelate,herushtothebusstop.四—、besupposedtodosth（不）应该做某事・・四十二、dropby顺便拜访四十三、afterall毕竟捡起，挑选pickup指着pointatmakeanoise制造噪音沿着•…一直走・・・・walkdown..・四十四、make的用法make+adjmakesbdosth（hear,watch,see,have等用法相同）（但变为被动语态时，其后加toMymothermademetowork5hours・Iwasmadetowork5hours・四丰五、makemistake犯错四十六、辨析except/besidesexcept（除之夕卜）EveryonewenttothebeachexceptJim・besides（除•…之外，包括在内）IhavealotoffriendsbesidesMary.四十七、find（think）it+adj+todosth.发现、认为做某事是四十八、不再notanymore（anylonger）=nomore（nolonger）语法专项动词的分类和时态动词短语。动词+介词lookat,listento,lookafter,lookfor,waitfor,takeafter,dependon,thinkof,handin,hearfrom,hearof,studyfor等,此类动词后的宾语无论是名词还是代词，都只能放在介词后。Lookattheblackboard・Lookafteritcarefully.动词+副词turnoff,turnon,turnup,turndown,pickup,setup,cheerup,cleanup,workout，putup,fixup,cutup,giveout,giveup,giveaway,putaway,thinkover,putoff,useup,handout,mixup,lookup,eatup等•此类动询后的宾语是名词时玻在副词前后都可，若是代词，必须放在中间.Heturnoffthelightwhenheleft.Hepickeditupandgiveittome.⑶其他动词短语：getalongwith,takepridein,payattentionto,makegooduseof,beproudof,keepawayfrom,bebusywith,bemadeof,begoodat,beinterestedin,comeupwith,besatisfiedwith三、非延续动词。_buy,lend,borrow,die,begin,stop,finish,arrive,join,go,come等。不能与表示一段时间的状语连用，要用延续动词替换。（详见现在完成时）四、系动词。\nbe,become,get,look,seem,turn,sound,smell,taste,feel,keep五、助动词。be,have,has,do,does,did,will,shall（详见P54）I.动词的五种基本形式（详见P55）II.用法：一般现在时。肯定句：主语+V原+其他。Iusuallygotoschoolbybus.主语（三单）+V三单Sheplaystennisonceaweek.疑问句：Do+主语+V原……？Does+主语（三单）+V原……？否定句：主语+don，t+V原.主语（三单）+doesift+V原.用法：⑴表杏经常或习惯性发生的动作。⑵表示客观真理、事实。Theearthgoesaroundthesun.⑶在时间、条件等状语从句中，用一般现在时表示将来。（if,assoonas,until,when）Ifitrainstomorrow,wewon'tgotothepark.WhenIgrowup,IllgotoParis.时间状语：Always,often,sometimes,usually,onSunday,onMondayafternoon,everyday/month/year/week,inthemorning,onceayear,twiceaday,threetimesaday等⑵一般过去时。⑴表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态。Igotuplatethismorning.⑵表示过去的习惯或经常发生的动作。WhenIwasinthecountryside.Ioftenswamintheriver.Iusedtogofishing.2、结构：肯定句：主语+V过去+其他。Wevisitedthemuseumlastweek.MyfriendTomwenttothebeachyesterday.疑问句：Did+主语+V原？Didyougoshoppingwithhim?Didshecookdinnerforherfamily?否定句：主语+didn，t+V原Hedidn'tgotoseethemovielastSunday.3、动词的规则变化。4、时间状语：Yesterday,lastnight/week/year/month,lastSunday,in1995,theotherday,justnow,ago等⑶一般将来时。用法。表示将来发生的动作或存在的状态。其构成：Will+V原肯定句:TheywillleaveforShanghainextweek・否定句:Wewon，tvisithimtomorrow.\n疑问句：WillyougotoShanghaiintvvoweeks?（注：当主语为I或we时，问句中可用shall）whereshallwemeettomorrow?begoingto+V原表示计划、打算做某事。■一whatareyougoingtodonextSunday?…Iamgoingtolistentomusic.Lookattheclouds,thereisgoingtorain.现在进行时beWing有时可以表示将来。常用这种结构的动词：go,come,leave,stay,start,arriveWe5releavingforLondon・(4)现在进行时1、构成：肯定句:主语+is/am/are+ving疑问句：Is/Am/Are4-主语+ving否定句:主语+isn9t/amnot/aren't+ving用适：_表示正在进行的动作Pmreadingbooknow.表示现阶段正在进行的动作或状态。Theyarestudyinghardthisterm.时间状语now,thesedays,当句中有look,listen,caiTtyousee,canyousee时Listen!Heissinging・(5)现在完成时Kalready/yet已经already-般用于肯定，与完成时态和进行时连用，也可以用于疑问句，表惊讶。Ihavealreadyfinishedmywork.Hisparentsyet一般用于否定或兢问句。Hasshegonetoschoolyet?haven，tbeentoParisyet.现在完成时表示从过士开始延续到现在的动作，常与for,since连用.现在完成时表示动作才刚结束，但影响还在。Ihavelostmypen・(结果是我的笔丢失了,我现在没有钢笔了)—haveyoufoundyourwatchyet?—No,Ihaven，tfoundityet.Ihavelivedherefor10years.我已经在这里住了10年(可能还会继续住下去)3、结构：肯定句：主语+have/has+V过分疑问句：Have/Has+主语+V过分否定句：主语+haven%/hasn，t+V过分4、时间状语yet,already,recently,just,once,never,ever,sofar,thesedays・since+过去的时间点/过去时态for+—段时间inthelast(past)+一段时间5、延续和非延续动词。在现在完成时中，有些动词不能与一段时间搭配，所以在与for,since弓|导的肯定句搭配时，要用其他动词替代：\nbuyhaveborrowkeepdie一-bedeadgo/leave/move---beaway(from)begin/start—・beonfallasleep―beasleepfinish/endbeoverjoin™bein/bea+名词comebehereopen-一beopenclose™beclosedFvelefttheschoolfor3years・()Fvebeenawayfromtheschoolfor3years.()6、辨析have/hasbeento,have/hasgoneto,havehasbeeninhave/hasbeento...曾经去过某地，现在已经回来IhavebeentoParis3times・have/hasgoneto..・去了某地，现在还没回来，可能还在路上。—whereisyourfather?・一hehasgonetoShanghai.have/hasbeenin...已经在某地(呆了多久)MyfamilyhavebeeninChengdufor20years(6)过去进行时1、结构was/were+doing2、用法①表示过去某段时间正在进行的动作…whatwereyoudoingat9:30lastnight?…IwaswatchingTV.3、when一般接一般过去时Iwasdoingmyhomeworkwhenmyfathercamehome.while一般接进行时Whilemymotherwascleaning,Iwentout.Hewasplayingbasketballwhileshewasreadingbooks・(7)过去完成时1、过去完成时表示过去某个时间以前好或过去某个动作以前，已经发生的动作或状态。(过去的过去)WhenIgottoschool,IrealizedIhadleftmybackpackathone.Bythetimeshegottoclass,theteacherhadstartedteaching・2、结构：had+V过分3、时间状语:bythetime+表示过去的时间状语从句，主句用过去完成时。Bythetimewearrivedattheshop,thebushadleft.动词、短语辨析1、dress,puton,weardresssb/oneself(in)给某人穿衣。Shedressedherbabyinaredskirt.dressup打扮、装扮Thegirldressedherselfupantwenttotheparty・Puton(动作)穿上It'scoldoutside,putonyourcoat.wear=bein穿着、戴着LilywearsT-shirteveryday.=LilyisinT-shirteveryday.2、arrive,get,reach\narrive+at/in+地点WhendidyouarriveinChengdu?getto+地点Howdoyougettoschool?\nWhenshereachedthesupermarket,hermotherisreach+地点shopping・3、die,dead,death,dyingdie（动词）死亡一＞（过去时）diedHisfrienddied3yearsago.dead（die的过去分词，用于完成时，与for,since搭配）Hisfriendhasbeendeadfor3years・death（名词）死亡Hisdeathistheloss（损失）ofChina・dying垂死的Thepoormanisdying・lose,forget,leavelose丢失、失去forget忘记forgettodosth/forgetdoingsthleave+地点“把某物落在某地）以must开头的疑问句，肯定回答用must,否定回答用needift…MustIfinishtheworktoday?…No,youneedn，t・-・一MayIcomein?---No,youmusn9t・非谓语动词动词不定式结构to+V原/notto+V原用法TospeakEnglishisnoteasyforusfor引出。例如：Mysistergavemeanicewatchformybirthday.—>Anicewatchwasgiventomebymysisterformybirthday.我过生日时收到了姐姐的一块手表。Theyhaveboughtusmanybooks・〜Manybookshavebeenboughtforusbythem.很多书都是由他们给我们买的。•某些动词make、hear>see、watch等在主动语态中，其宾语补足语要求用不带to的不定式。但在变为被动语态时通常省略的不定式符号to必须恢复。如：Hemadeuscleantheclassroomafterschool.—Weweremadetocleantheclassroomafterschool.我们被迫在放学后打扫教室。Isawhimcomeintotheroom・—>Hewasseentocomeintotheroom・人们看见他进了屋子。•在主动语态中如果谓语动词是含有介词或副词的短语动词，变为被动语态时不能丢掉该介词或副词。如：Theymusttakegoodcareofthechildren・tThechildrenmustbetakengoodcareof.孩子们必须小心照看。•英语中某些动词如sell>lock、draw.smelRtouch、feel>sound弘write>beworthdoing>sth.needsdoing等可以用主动表示被动意义。如：Thiskindofbookssellswell.这种书畅销。Thedoorwon%lock•门锁不上。