初中英语倒装及考点 4页

初中英语倒装句及考点英语最基木的语序是主语在前，谓语动词在后。但冇时由于句子结构的需要或表示强调，就要采用倒装形式。将谓语动词完全移到主语之前称为完全倒装；只将助动词或情态动词放到主语之前称为部分倒装；有时只把强调的内容提到句首，主谓并不倒装，构成形式上的倒装，语法上称为前置.(一)倒装句的意义1、适应一定语法结构的需要，主要是指疑问句句型结构的需要。如：(1)willyouhelpmewiththeheavybox?(2)hovvdidyoupersuadehimtogiveupsmoking?2、为了强调某一部分，而把这部分放到句首，构成倒装。如：(3)neverhaveibeenlateforschoolthisterm・(4)soclearlydoeshespeakenglishthathecanalwaysmakehimselfunderstood・(二)倒装的使用情况考点1：完全倒装(fullinversion)1＞在“therebe"结构里,there是引导词,主语在be后。如：(5)thereare20womenwaitingoutsidethehospital.(6)therewillbeasportsmeetinourschoolnextweek・注意：therebe句型中如有两个以上主语，谓语动词be的单复数形式遵循邻近原则。试比较：(7)thereisapenandtwopencilsintheschoolbag・(8)therearetwopencilsandapenintheschoolbag.2、在here,there,now,then等副词开头的某些句子里(谓语动词多为不及物动词且要用一般现在时态)。如：(9)herecomesthebus・(10)theregoesthebell.(11)novvconiesyourturn.注意：如果主语是人称代词，主语和主要动词的词序不变。试比较：(12)hereitis.(13)thereshecomes.3、为表达生动，有时把表地点、方位的副词或介词短语，如up.down,out,in,away,onthewall等放在句首，同时把谓语动词放在主语Z前。如：(14)awayhurriedthechildren.(15)outrushedtheboy,guninhand・(16)atthefootofthemountainliesavillage・注意：若主语为人称代词，主语和谓语动词的位置不变，只将副词放在句首。试比较：(17)awayhewentandincamehissister.4、表语(常为形容词、过去分词或介词短语)置于句首时，倒装结构为“表语+连系动词+主语”。如：(18)presentatthemeetingwereprofessorwhite,professorsmithandmanyotherguests.(19)gonearethedayswhentheycoulddowhattheylikedtotheChinesepeople・(20)amongthegoodsareChristmastrees,flowersandcandles・5、重复倒装句型，用在以so,nor,neither头，表示前面所述的情况也适用于另一个人或一事物的肯定或否定句中。so用于肯定句，表示“也一样”、“也这样”；nor,neither用于否定句，表示“同样也不，也不这样”。如：\n(14)ilikepopmusic・sodoesmybrother・(15)mysisterdidn'twatchtvlastnight,neither/nordidi.注意：(1)该句型中的谓语应与前•句谓语的时态、形式相一致，而人称、数却与本句主语保持-•致。(2)如果句意不是“…也是如此”,而仅是对前面内容的肯定或附和(此时的so=indccd)、那么，句子则不使用倒装式。试比较：(16)—maggiehadawonderfultimeattheparty.—soshedid,andsodidi.(3)neither...nor../4…不…，也..."，由于neither和nor都是否定词，所以其前后句均需倒装。6、直接引语的全部或一部分放在句首时，主句中的主谓常直接倒装。(24)4tthat'sright,”saidtheteacher,pointingatthemap.(25)“idohope/'saidnancy/6theyhaveirtallforgottenaboutit?'考点2：部分倒装(partialinversion)1、在疑问句中。如：(26)isshesingingintheclassroom?(27)whatdocsyourmotherdo?注意：特殊疑问词在句中做主语时，句子语序为'Svho/what/which...+谓语+其它？”。试比较：(28)vvhohasbrokenthewindow?(29)whodoyouthinkhasbrokenthewindow?2、在以never,seldom,little,often,hardly,scarcely,few,not,notonce,notuntil,notonly,nosooner,nowhere,atnotime,bynomeans等开头的句子中，釆用部分倒装。如：(30)littledidhesayatthemeeting.(31)notuntilthendidherealizehowfoolishhewas.(32)oftenhaveihearditsaidthatheisnottobetrusted・(33)nosoonerhadshegonethantheaccidenthappened.(34)i'vetriedveryhardtoimprovemyenglish・butbynomeansistheteachersatisfiedwithmyprogress・注意：(1)如不放在句首就不要倒装。试比较：(35)nevershalliforgetthedaywhenijoinedthearmy.(36)ishallneverforgetthedaywhenijoinedthearmy.(2)no【only...butalso...“不仅…而Ji...”,notonly位句首时所在句子要倒装，而butalso引导的句子必须用正常语序。如：(37)notonlywillhelpbegiventopeopletofindjobs,butalsomedicaltreatmentwillbeprovidedforpeoplewhoneedit.(3)如果notuntil引导的是句子，unlil从句的主谓不可倒装，而是主句需要倒装。如：(38)notuntilhearrivedhomedidhefindthathiswallethadbeenstolen.3、用于以only所修饰的副词、介词短语或状语从句的句子中。如：(39)onlywhenthewarwasoverin1918washeabletogethappilybacktowork.(40)onlyinthiswaycanwelearnenglishwell.注意：(1)如果only后的词组不是状语，不需倒装。如：(41)onlywangliknowstheanswer・(2)only修饰状语从句时，从句不可倒装。试比较：\n(25)onlywhenhereturneddidwefoundthetruth.(正)onlywhendidhereturndidvvefoundthetruth.(误)4、在虚拟结构中，条件从句的谓语含有were,had和should这三个词是，可省去if,将这些词移至主语之前。如：(26)hadwegothereearlier(=ifwehadgothereearlier),wewouldhavecaughtthe〔rain.(27)wereiyou(=ifiwereyou),iwouldgoabroad・(28)shouldhecome(=ifheshouldcome)jellhimtocallmeup.5、so+形容词/副词及such置于句首时要倒装。如:(29)sodifficultdidifindittoworkouttheproblemthatidecidedtoasktomforadvice・(30)soearlydidhecometoschoolthatnootherstudentscame・注意：在这个句型中，so引导的句子倒装，而thai引导的从句不倒装。(31)sucharethefacts;noonecandenythem.(32)suchwasalberteinstein,asimplemanandthe20thcentury'sgreatestscientist.注意：such后的be动词应与其后的“真正主语”保持i致。另外，注意在某些表示祝愿的句子中的倒装结构。如：(33)mayyouhavealongandhappylife!(部分倒装)(34)longlivethepeople'srepublicofchina!(完全倒装)考点3：形式倒装(formalinversion)1、as引导让步状语从句时要倒装(形容词/副词/名词/动词+as+主语+谓语)。如：(35)proudastheyare,theyareafraidtoseeme.(36)childasheis,heseemstoknoweverything.注意：child前不加冠词。(37)hardasheworded/tryashemay,hemadelittleprogress・2、感叹句。如：(38)whataninterestingtalktheyhave!(39)liowinterestingtheirtalkwas!3、themore...themore句型。如：(40)themoreyoulistentoenglish,theeasieritbecomes.(41)thcharderyouwork,thegreaterprogressyouwillhave・4、whatever;however+adj./adv.引导的让步状语从句的句型。(42)whatcvcrtheboysays,hismotheralwaysthinksthatheisright.(43)lioweverdifficulttheproblemmaybe,wemustworkitoutthisevening考占so+助动词/be动词+主语意为：与前者情况一样女口：helikespalyingball,sodoiso+主语+助动词/be动词意为：的确如此helikespalyingball,sohedoes\n初中一般就考这个，还有就是SO+adj+nsuch+n+adjneither一般与nor连用，看至ljnor就选。