初中英语单词 G 16页

英语重点单词GHIJK教学目标：1.初高中以GHIJK字母开头的单词用法2.初高中重点句型应用教学重难点：1.初高中以GHIJK字母开头的单词用法联合记忆2.初高中重点句型应用一.重点词汇及短语1.get(got,got)【用法】v.获得；收到；【搭配】1.get…back退还……;送回去;取回;返回，回到某地；回复某人（电话，信笺）You’dbettergetbackhomeandgetthebooksback.你最好回家把书取回来。2.getclose(to)接近3.getdown降下4.getin进入,收获，达到Thetraingotinlate.火车到站误点了。5.getintheway妨碍6.getoff下车。Wewillgetoffatthenextbusstop.我们将在下一站下车。7.geton上车。Igetonthetraineverymoningat6:30.我每天早晨六点半上火车。8.geton/along(well)with和……相处（很好）。Howareyougettingalongwithyourclassmates？你和你的同学相处的如何？9.getthefirst/secondplace获得第一名/第二名。Thistimehegotthefirstplaceintheexam.这次他考试得了第一名。10.getup起床，起身。Getupearlyoryou’llbelateforschool.快点起床，否则你上学晚了。11.getto到达HejustgottoBeijing.他刚刚到达北京。16\n12.getout出去；离开getoutof从……出来Youshouldgetoutofyourroom.你应该从房间里出来。13.getover克服；恢复；原谅Shecan’tgetovershyness.她克服不掉羞怯感。14．gettogether聚会，联欢Wemustgettogetherforadrinksometime.我们得找时间聚聚喝上一杯。15.getup起床【举例】1.ShespokesofastthatIcouldn'tget____whathesaid.2.Wewillfindwaystoget_________difficulties.3.Thestoryhasgot__________,andeveryoneknowsaboutit.4.WhenIget_________withthereport,I'llgotothecinema.5.Afteradeliciousmealthetwomengot______tobusiness.6.Don'talwaysget_______awordwhenothersarespeaking.7.Ittookmealongtimetoget_____suchanunpleasantexperience.答案：(down,over,round,through,down,in,over)2.give(gave,given)【用法】v.送给；捐赠；【搭配】1.give…ahand助……一臂之力，给……帮助。Couldyougivemeahandwiththeseboxes?你能帮我搬箱子吗？2.give…aring/call;给……打电话。3.giveaway免费送出；赠送Hegaveawaymostofhismoneytocharity.他把大部分钱都捐赠给慈善事业了。4.giveback归还Couldyougivemebackmypen?你把那支笔还给我好吗？5.givebirthto生（孩子）。Shegavebirthtoagirllastnight.昨晚她生了一个女孩。6.givein上交；呈交；屈服；让步；Pleasegiveyourexampapersintoyourteacherwhenyoufinished.考卷答完后请上交给老师。7.giveout分发；散发Theteachergaveoutthetestpapers.老师发了考卷。16\n8.giveup放弃，停止；Can’tyougiveupsmoking?你难道就不能戒烟吗？【举例】1.Hisaccentatlastgavehim__________.2.Theliquidgave________astrongsmell.3.Theheadmastergave____thenamesoftheprize-winners.4.Thesoldiersgave_________thetowntotheenemies.5.Whowillhelpmetogivethebooks___________?6.Don'tbelieveinthosewhogivehisfriends________.7.Afteralongwalk,mystrengthgave____________.答案：(away,off,out,up,out,away,out)3.go【用法】v.行进；去；【搭配】1.goahead走在前面，领先；干吧，干下去---MayIstartnow?---Yes,goahead.我现在可以开始吗？---可以，开始吧。2.goaway走开。Don’tgoaway.I’llbebackinaminute.别走开，我马上回来。3.goby（指时间）过去；消逝Astimegoesbymymemoryseemstogetworse.随着时间的流逝，我的记忆力似乎越来越差了。4.goinfor参加。Hisbrotherdoesn’tgoinforsports.他弟弟没有参加运动。5．gofishing(shopping,skating)（去）钓鱼（买东西，滑冰）6．goforawalk散步7.gooff（闹铃）闹响Thismorningmyalarmclockdidn’tgooff.今天早晨我的闹钟没响。8.goon继续（说/做）下去。goonwith继续Whoknowswhat’sgoingonhere?有谁知道这里发生了什么事？9.goover复习，仔细检查。Let’sgooverthelessonagain.让我们把功课再复习一遍。10.gostraightalong沿着……一直往前走。Gostraightalongthestreetandtakethesecondturningontheleft.沿着街道向前走，在第二个拐弯处左拐。16\n11.gothrough查阅；浏览Ialwaysstartthedaybygoingthroughmyemail.我总是每天一早就查阅我的电子邮件。【举例】1.Pleasedon'tgo_____ _____ittillyou'veseenmeagain.2.Hehasbeeninthisclassonlyafewweeksandheisalreadygoing_____.3.Manyyearshavegone_____sincewefirstmet.4.Theparade（游行）went_____us.5.Thecrocodilewent_____underthewater.6.Let'sgo_____bythelift(elevator).7.Thewarwent_____until1918.8.Ifyouneverreadthenewspapers,you'llneverknowwhat'sgoing______   intheworld.9.Afterhehadgivenanaccount（说明）ofthedifficultieshewent_____   tosuggestwaysofovercomingthem.10.Theywent____ _____ theiropen-airperformanceinspiteoftherain.11.Putmorewoodonthefire,otherwiseitwillgo_____.12.Themechanic（技师）went_____theenginebutfoundnothingwrong.13.Theywent_____theirlessonstogetheratnight.14.Thebullet（子弹）went_____thewall.15.Thepolicewent_____veryroomofthebuilding.4.good(better,best)【用法】adj.好的；能干的；【搭配】1.begoodat擅长，善于。例如：Heisgoodatdrawing.他擅长绘画。2.begoodfor对……有好处。Practiceisgoodforourhealth.锻炼有益于健康。3.begoodto对……态度好。Theoldmanisalwaysnotsogoodtoforeignvisitors.这老人对外国游客的态度一直不好。5.happen【用法】发生,不及物动词,不能用于被动语态;happen为短暂性动词，不能与表示一段时间的状语连用。【搭配】※"sth.+happen+地点/时间"，意为"某地/某时发生了某事"。16\n※"sth.+happento+sb.意为"某人出了某事(常指不好的事发生)※"sb.+happen+todosth."意为"某人碰巧做某事"。※“Ithappens/happenedthat...”表示“碰巧或恰巧发生某事”.【辨析】(1).takeplace表示“发生、举行、举办”，一般指非偶然性事件的“发生”，即这种事件的发生一定有某种原因或事先的安排.Greatchangeshavetakenplaceinourhometownduringthepasttenyears.TheOlympicGamesof2008willtakeplaceinBeijing.(2).happen作“发生、碰巧”解，一般用于偶然或突发性事件，Whathappenedtoyou?(一般不说：Whatdidyouhappen?)Maybesomethingunexpectedhappened.Ihappenedtoseehimonmywayhome.=IthappenedthatIsawhimonmywayhome.(3).occur作“发生、想到、突然想起”解，其意义相当于happen，Whathasoccurred?(=Whathashappened?)Abigearthquakeoccurred(=happened)inthesouthofChinalastmonth.Itoccurredtomethatshedidn’tknowIhadmovedintothenewhouse.【演练】1.AnideatomethatgoingtoFrancefortravelingwillberomantic!A.occurredB.hadoccurredC.occursD.isoccurring2.happentobenomoneywithme.A.ItB.ThatC.ThereD.I6.have(has,had,had)【用法】v有；拥有.【搭配】1.hadbetter(do)最好（做）Youhadbettergetupearly.你最好早点起床。2．haveacold患感冒3.haveagoodtime玩得很痛快。Wehadagoodtimeintheparkyesterday.我们昨天在公园里玩得很愉快。4．haveclasses上课5.haveon穿着。Hehasablackcoatontoday.今天他穿着一件黑色的上衣。6.haveatry尝试，努力：Haveatryagainandthenyoucangetit.再试一次你就能得到它。16\n7.havenoidea不知道。Ihavenoideaabouttheaccidenthappenedatthestreetcorner.我对发生在街道拐角处的事故一无所知。8.haveto不得不，必须。havegotto不得不；必须【辨析】近义词辨析：have/therebe都是“有”的意思，区别是：therebe指“某处存有”，Thereisamaponthewall.墙上有一幅地图。而have指“所有，拥有”Ihaveabrotherandasister.我有一个弟弟一个妹妹。v.从事；进行；吃；喝haveaswim,walk,ride,etc.游泳，散步，骑马haveawash,rest,talk洗一洗，歇一歇，谈一谈havebreakfast/lunch/dinner吃早饭/午饭/晚饭Letmehaveatry.让我试一下。Sheusuallyhasabathinthemorning.她早上通常要洗个澡。【举例】1.Classisover. let'shave_____ _____（休息一下）.2.I'vegot_____ _____（咳嗽）.3.DadandIhad___ ____ ____ ____（对...笑了一个够）that.4.Theyarehaving_____ _____ _____（玩得高兴）.5.Hestoppedtohave_____ _____（看了一看）.6.Wearegoingtohave____ ___ ____ ____（举行一场乒乓球比赛）   tomorrowafternoon.7.Arewegoingtohave_____ _____（开会）thisweek?8.Hereisatree. Letmehave______ ______（休息）?9.Areyougoingtohave_____ _____（游泳）？10.We'llhave_____ _____（进行测验）tomorrow?7.hearheardheard【用法】vt.&听见，听到；【搭配】1.hearabout/of听说:I’veeverheardofsomeonedoingthat.我曾经听说过有人做那种事。2.hearfrom接到……来信。Ioftenhearmyoldfriends.我经常收到老朋友的来信。listento/hear/sound16\n【辨析】1.listen强调动作，意思是“听”，不侧重于结果。Theyarelisteningtotheradio.他们正在听收音机。2.hear强调结果，意思是“听见”，Ilistenedcarefullybutheardnothing.我仔细听，却没听到什么。3.sound是连系动词，“听起来，听上去”，后面接名词、形容词。Thenewssoundsgreat.这消息听起来很棒。8.imagine【用法】v.想象，设想【举例】Icanhardlyimaginelifewithoutgasandelectricity.【搭配】imaginesth想象某事__imaginedoingsth____想象做某事imaginesbtobe/as想象某人为........【拓展】imaginativeadj.想象力丰富的imaginableadj.可想象的，可能的【考点】主要考查imagine的用法，后只能+doing._practice，fancy，finish，avoid，mind，advise_____也有同样的用法。【演练】Canyouimaginethesufferngwehadgonethroughsofar.____________________________________________.9.impress【用法】vt.使印象深刻；使铭记【举例】Thesightsofthecityneverfailtoimpressforeigntourists.外国游客无一不对该市留有深刻印象。Weweremostimpressedwith/byyourefficiency.你的工作效率很高，我们极为钦佩。【搭配】impresssth.on/uponsb.=impresssb.with/bysth.使某人铭记某事物make/give/crateanimpressionon/upon...给……一个印象have/gettheimpressionthat有……的印象【拓展】impressionn.[c]印象；感想impressiveadj.给人印象深刻的10.injure【用法】动词，损害；伤害【拓展】injury名词伤害；损害injured形容词受伤的16\ntheinjured=thewounded受伤者；伤员（the+形容词表示一类人）【辨析】区别短语damage部分"损坏"、"损害"、"破坏"或指使用价值有所降低只是针对物的伤害是可以恢复/复原的常指自然灾害所导致的损失。用于无生命的事物damagesth；do/causedamagetosthInjure意外事故等对人体机能造成的伤害，比如伤腿/手/眼等身体方面的物理伤害，但是不一有伤口。多用于有生命的人或动物名词injury形容词injured.搭配：theinjured受伤的人们hurt对身体或对情感的伤害指肉体上的伤害时,hurt可与badly,slightly,seriously等连用;但若指精神上的创伤,只能说verymuch/rather/deeplyhurt。多用于有生命的人或动物可作动词或名词ruin破坏严重,以致不能修复但这种破坏不像destroy那样毁灭某物,而是强调致使该物的使用价值发生了问题。用于无生命的事物inruinsharm用于肉体或精神上的伤害均可,有时可指引起不安或不便。wound枪伤、刀伤、刺伤等皮肉之伤,是出血的、严重的伤,特指战场上的受伤。也可指肉体上的伤害也可比喻指人们精神上的创伤。destroy彻底破坏,不可能修复,也指希望、计划等打破。用于无生命的事物【练习】Harry__________theradiobyaccident.Myfeet____________whenIwalk.He___________hisfootwhileplayingfootball.Fire_____________manyhousesinthecity.16\n11.keep(kept,kept)【用法】v.保存；留有；【搭配】1.keepondoingsomething一直做某事。Ishoutedtohimbuthejustkeeponwriting.我向他喊话，可是他一直继续写字。2.keepout不许进入，抵挡在外。Thosetreescankeepoutthestrongwind.那些树木可以抵御狂风。3.keepawayfrom不靠近4.keepasecret保守秘密5.keepadiary记日记6.keep+adj.保持某种状态Schoolskeepclosedforabouttwomonthsinsummer.暑期学校停课约两个月。7.keep+n.保存，保管.Couldyoukeepthesebooksforme,please?你能替我保管这些书吗？8.keepoff勿踏;勿踩【辨析】1.keepdoingsth./keepondoingsth.keepdoingsth.是“继续不停地做某事”Theykeepworkingontheproblemtill2o’clockthismorning.他们就这个问题一直工作到今天凌晨两点钟。keepondoingsth.意思是“继续反复做某事”，on用来强调动作的反复、持久，有时可以和keepdoingsth.互换。Inthefollowingyears,MarxkeptonstudyingEnglishandusingit.此后的几年里，马克思继续学习和应用英语。2.borrow/keepborrow属暂短性动词，其动作不能延续，不能和表示时间段的状语连用；而keep可以跟时间段连用。Youcankeepthebookforthreedays.这本书你可以借三天。Heborrowedthebookthreedaysago.他是三天前借的这本书。【举例】1.Iwouldhavebeenheresooner,buttherainstormkeptme_____.2.Everyweektherewasarebellionsomewhere,andtheAustriansoldierswere kept_____hurryingfromonetowntoanotherinordertoputdownthe rebellions.16\n3.WhileLeonovwasoutsidetheship,hekept_____ _____bytelephone_____ hiscompanionandwiththeearth.4.Hekept_____tellingusthesamestoryoverandover.5.Youmaydepend_____ hisdoingwhathesays,forheisapersonwhoalwayskeeps_____    _____.6.Danger! Keep______!7.Willthisovercoatkeeptherain_____?8.Itisalsobadmannerstokeep_____whentheteacherasksyouaquestion.9.Therainkept_____allnight.10.IseeyouaregettingalongwellwithyourEnglishstudies. Keep_____the goodwork.12.insist:tokeepdoingsth.【用法】：v.坚持；极力要求【搭配】：insistondoingsth./insistthat【举例】Iinsistedonbeingpresent.我坚持要在场。Iinsistedthathewaswrong.我坚持认为他错了。【演练】：Althoughheknewhehadnochancetowin,he_______________.A.insiststotryB.insistsontryingC.insistedtotryD.insistedontrying一.重要句型句型21：begoingtoThisafternoonI'mgoingtobuyanEnglishbook．今天下午我要去买本英语书。句型22：bedifferentfromIthinkthisisdifferentfromChinesenames．我认为这与汉语名字不同。句型23：Welcome（back）to．．．WelcometoShenyang！欢迎到沈阳来！Welcomebacktoschool！欢迎回到学校！句型24：havefundoingWe'regoingtohavefunlearningandspeakingEnglishthisterm．这学期我们将兴味盎然地学习和讲英语。16\n句型25：．．．because．．．／．．．，so．．．Idon'tknowallyournamesbecausethisisourfirstlesson．因为这是我们的第一节课，所以我并不知道你们所有人的名字。Shewasill，soshedidn'tgotoschool．她生病了，因此没有上学。句型26：Whydon'tyou．．．？／Whynot．．．？Whydon'tyoucometoschoolalittleearlier？为什么不早点到校呢？Whynotjoinus？为什么不加入我们？句型27：makeitLet'smakeithalfpastnine．让我们定在九点半吧！句型28：havenothingtodoTheyhavenothingtodoeveryday．他们每天无所事事。句型29：besure／besureof／aboutsth．／besuretodosb．Ithinkso，butI'mnotsure．我想是这样，但不敢确定。Iwasnotsureof／abouttheway，soIaskedsomeone．我对于怎么走没有把握，所以我问别人了。It'ssuretorain．必定会下雨。句型30：between．．．and．．．Thereisashopbetweenthehospitalandtheschool．在那家医院和那所学校之间有一家商店。一.重点语法介词I.介词分类：1简单介词about,across,after,against,among,around,at,below,beyond,during,in,on2合成介词inside,into,onto,outof,outside,throughout,upon,within,without3短语介词accordingto,becauseof,insteadof,upto,dueto,owingto,thanksto4双重介词fromamong,frombehind,fromunder,tillafter,inbetween5分词转化成的介词considering(就而论),including6形容词转化成的介词like,unlike,near,next,opposite16\nII.常用介词区别：1表示时间的in,on,atat表示片刻的时间，in表示一段的时间，on总是与日子有关2表示时间的since,fromsince指从过去到现在的一段时间，和完成时连用，from指从时间的某一点开始3表示时间的in,afterin指在一段时间之后，after表示某一具体时间点之后或用在过去时的一段时间中4表示地理位置的in,on,toin表示在某范围内，on指与什么毗邻，to指在某环境范围之外5表示“在…上”的on,inon只表示在某物的表面上，in表示占去某物一部分6表示“穿过”的through,acrossthrough表示从内部通过，与in有关，across表示在表面上通过，与on有关7表示“关于”的about,onabout指涉及到，on指专门论述8between与among的区别between表示在两者之间，among用于三者或三者以上的中间9besides与except的区别besides指“除了…还有再加上”，except指“除了，减去什么”，不放在句首10表示“用”的in,withwith表示具体的工具，in表示材料，方式，方法，度量，单位，语言，声音11as与like的区别as意为“作为，以…地位或身份”，like为“象…一样”，指情形相似12in与into区别in通常表示位置（静态），into表示动向，不表示目的地或位置一.课后练习（一）词汇填空51.Allthe_________(跑步者)gotreadytorun.52.Theteacherstoodatthe___________(起跑线)line.53.Theboatis__________(不见了),whereisit?54.Whichsportswereyou____________(参加)thatday?55.Whichis___________(难),EnglishorChinese?16\n56.Lucydid____________(坏)thanLilyinChinese.57.Toour_________(惊奇),theoldman'shairturnedblackthenextday.58.Ifyouhavealotof___________(钱),whatwillyoudo?59.Hereis__________(另一张)pictureofmine.60.He________(听见)someoneplayingthepianolastnight.61.Theoldwomancouldn'tfindherpurse,shelooked________(着急).62.We_______(举行)anEnglishpartythedaybeforeyesterday.63.Thebabylaughed________(高兴).64.Ifit__________(下雨)tomorrow,wewon'tgotothezoo.65.An__________(印度人)showedthemthewayonthemap.66.Ishisfathera_________(厨师)oracleaner?67.Idon't________(真正地)agreewithyou.68.It_________(好象)thatChinesefoodisverypopularintheworld.69.Helikesthe_________(汤)withpopperandoil.70.Sheisagood_______(善良的)girl.71.Don't_______(横穿)theroad.Itisdangerous.72.Therearen'tany___________(迹象)alongthemad.Heislost.73.Thatcarnearly________(撞)her.74.Therearemany________(旅客)atthebusstation.75.Don'tmakeany________(吵闹).You'llwakethebabyup.76.Sheisstudying.Youmustn't__________(打扰)her.77.Ioftenfeelweakand_______(疲劳).78.Waikikiisoneofthebestbeachesfor_______(冲浪)inHonolulu.79.Ihopesomedaydivingwillbean__________(比赛项目)oftheOlympicGames.80.--AreyoudoingOKin_________(保护)theenvironment?--Yes.81.–Wouldyoubebackassoonas________(尽快)?--Allright.82.Listen!How_________(动听)heissinging!83.Comeandseeus_________(无论如何)youhavetime.84.Itisabadmanner_________(吐痰)inpublicplaces.85.Don'tthrowthe__________(垃圾)everywhere.86--87.The_______(早)youstart,the_______(快)youwillcomeback.88.Wewereall_________(激动)becausewesawaninterestingfilm.89.CanyoutellmewhatthenumberofJim's_________(航班)outofBeijingis?90.Lookatthe________(说明)fortheSmiths'trip.16\n91.Themusic________(听起来)likebirdssinging.92.Ifyougeta________(机会)togothere,pleasetakeit.93.Thelittleboywas_______(惊讶)atthebeautifulfishhecouldseeinthesea.94.Thesignhere_________(警告)younottosmoke.95.It'snot________(允许)totakethebooksoutoftheclassroom.96.Thestoryhappenedafew________(世纪)ago.97.Thesedaystheworkersarebusy________(生产)thiskindofmedicine.98.Hisparentsalways__________(鼓励)himtostudyhard.99.Tomisvery_________(自豪)ofhisnewcar.100.Hissonisliving________(国外)now.（一）语法练习1.Theteacheriswriting____apieceofchalkontheblackboardwhilethestudentsarewriting____inkinexercisebooks.A.with,inB.in,withC.in,inD.with,with2.Theworkercanmakechairs____wood,andalsocanmakepaper____wood.A.from,ofB.of,fromC.of.ofD.from,from3.Marydroppedin____MrSmith,buthewasn'tathome,soshewenttodropin____MrSmith'soffice.A.on,onB.at,atC.on.atD.at.on4.Theteacherisnotonlystrict____hispupilsbutalsostrict____hisownwork.A.with,withB.in,inC.in,withD.with,in5.Hisgrandfatherdied____thewoundthattheenemysoldierhadgivenhim.andthenhisgrand-motherdied____hungryandcold.A.from,ofB.of,fromC.from,fromD.of.of6.Ifyourun____twoharesyouwillcatchneither.A.intoB.afterC.offD.outof7.Thisisacommonmistake____students.A.betweenB.overC.amongD.about8.Myfatherbegantowork____abusdriverwhenhewastwentyyearsold.A.forB.toC.atD.as9._____hearingthenews,Iwaswild____joy.A.At,inB.On,withC.After,byD./,over16\n10.Idon'tthinkXiaoLiis____theotherstudents____mathematics.A.after,onB.after,withC.behind,inD.behind,at11.Nobodyknowsit____me.A.exceptforB.exceptthatC.besidesD.but12.Thewindowisneveropened____insummer.A.butB.exceptC.exceptforD.butfor13.Ithappened____theLongMarch.A.duringB.inC.atD.for14.Wegotoschool____abike.A.inB.onC.byD.ove15.It'sverykind____youtorepairthebike____me.A.for.forB.of,ofC.of,forD.for,of16.Freshairisgood____yourhealth.A.atB.forC.ofD.to17.Theboyiswaiting____hissisterandtheywillgotothehospitaltowait____theirsickmother.A.for,onB.on,forC.for,forD.on.on18.Thegroupismadeup____fivestudents.Andtheyarestudyinghardtomakeup____thelosttime.A.of,ofB.for,forC.of,forD.for,of19.ThePLAmansavedtheboy____death.A.ofB.fromC.toD.on20.Hewillcome____threedays.A.beforeB.afterC.inD.later21.HewenttoBeijingandreturned____threedays.A.inB.beforeC.laterD.after22.Hewillreturn____threeo'clock.A.afterB.inC.onD.at23.Hewrotethearticle____threedays.A.atB.inC.onD.by24.Iagree____whatyousaid.A.toB.onC.withD.at25.Doyouagree____thisplan(arrangement)?A.atB.withC.onD.to16\n26.Finallytheyagreed____thetermsofthecontract.A.onB.toC.withD.at27.Doyouoftenhear____yourbrother?A.ofB.fromC.outofD.about28.1heard____thebooklongago,butIhaveneverreadit.A.outB.fromC.ofD.with29.Theplaneflew____thecity.A.acrossB.pastC.throughD.over30.Wewalked____theTianAnMenSquaretotheMuseumofChineseHistory.A.acrossB.throughC.byD.past答案：1~5ABCDA6~10BCDBC11~15DBABC16~20BACBC21~25DABCD26~30ABCDA16