初中英语语法----数词 3页

数词（一）分类：数词有基数词和序数词两种。可以作句子的主语、宾语、表语和定语。1、基数词：表示数目的词叫基数词。常用的基数词有：123456789101112onetwothreefourfivesixseveneightnineteneleventwelve13141516171819thirteenfourteenfifteensixteenseventeeneighteennineteen2030405060708090100twentythirtyfortyfiftysixtyseventyeightyninetyone(a)hundred23355691101twenty-threethirty-fivefifty-sixninety-oneonehundredandone[注]：(1)百位与十位之间要加and；百位为0的话，就加在百位和个位之间。108→onehundredandeight,146→onehundredandforty-six,500→fivehundred,1001→onethousandandone,1813→onethousandeighthundredandthirteen.一千：1000→one(a)thousand,一万：10,000→tenthousand,十万：100,000→onehundredthousand,百万：1,000,000→onemillion,千万：10,000,000→tenmillion,亿：100,000,000→onehundredmillion,(2)英语用千、百万等单位计数，大数字从右向左看,每隔三位划一逗号，倒数第一个逗号之前要用thousand，倒数第二个逗号之前要用million，倒数第三的逗号之前要用billion表示。3，456，789threemillionfourhundredandfifty-sixthousandsevenhundredandeighty-nine6，004，001sixmillionfourthousandandone(3)hundred、thousand、million表示确切的数时，不加s。如：fivehundred(五百)，加S时表示不确定的数，后面必须要有of，前面可以加上some,many,several等词，翻译为：“成…上…”。hundredsof(成百上千的)，thousandsof(成千上万的),millionsof(成百万的)\n2、序数词：表示顺序的数词叫序数词。①英语的序数词基本变法：(1)一般在基数词后加th,(2)-ve结尾的改为-fth,(3)-ty结尾的改为-tieth,(4)熟记特殊词。常见的序数词：1st2nd3rd4th5th6th7th8th9th10th11th12th※first※second※thirdfourthfifthsixthseventheighthninthtentheleventhtwelfth13th14th15th16th17th18th19ththirteenthfourteenthfifteenthsixteenthseventeentheighteenthnineteenth20th30th40th50th60th70th80th90th100thtwentieththirtiethfortiethfiftiethsixtiethseventietheightiethninetiethoneundredth21st22nd23rd35th101sttwenty-firsttwenty-secondtwenty-thirdthirty-fifthonehundredandfirst口诀：基变序，有规律，词尾加上-th，一，二，三，特殊记，词尾字母t，d，d八去t，九除e，ve要用f替，ty将y变成tie若是碰到几十几，前用基来后用序1000th→onethousandth,1000000th→onemillionth.,第703→thesevenhundredandthird,第5480→thefivethousandfourhundredandeightieth.注：(1)两位以上的序数词仅个位数部分用序数词，其余部分仍用基数词。如：thirty-sixth,(2)序数词前要加定冠词the.如：I’minthethirdgrade.(3)序数词作“几分之几”讲时，有复数形式。如：1/5→onefifth;2/3→twothirds;4/7→foursevenths;1/2→ahalf;1/4→aquarter;3/4→threequarters;50%→fiftyhundredths(fiftypercent).（二）、数词的用法：1、表示年份：2002:twentythousandandtwo;1976:nineteenseventy-six.2、表示日期：12月1日:Dec.1st或thefirstofDecember；2002年11月8日:Nov.8th,2002.3、表示时刻：5：15→fivefifteen或aquarterpastfive;8：30→eightthirty或halfpasteight;10：45→tenforty-five或aquartertoeleven.4、表示编号：Room105→Roomone0five;BusNo.13→BusNumberThirteen;P.5→PageFive;Tel.No.7658659→TelephoneNumber\nseven-six-five-eight-six-five-nine5、小数的读法：5.7→fivepointseven,0.16→zeropointonesix.6、“半”的表达：1/2→half,半小时→halfanhour,1.5小时→oneandahalfhours或onehourandahalf.