初中英语名词经典教案 6页

初三英语总复习名词教案教学目标掌握名词的用法和特点重点难点重点：1、掌握名词分类和名词的“数”和“格”的概念；掌握名词的单数变复数规则，尤其注意不规则名词变复数的形式。难点：将名词放在活生生的语境中进行学习，排除汉语干扰是做好名词辨析题的关键。考点分析：1、名词的词义辨析2、可数名词和不可数名词的辨析是常考点3、名词辨析的考查是中考的热点教学步骤及教学内容一、上课前说出要求，提出目标二、Freetalk引出本节课讲解的重点三、讲解本节课的语法内容：名词的概念，分类，变化规律。名词分类专有名词普通名词可数名词不可数名词名词名词的数可数名词的规则变化不规则变化不可数名词的数of所有格的构成和用法名词所有格's所有格的构成和用法双重所有格名词作主语名词的句法功能名词作定语名词作宾语四、课堂练习。查看学生对该语法的掌握情况，如果有不理解或者不明白的地方立刻解决。五、课后作业：1、复习本节课的内容2、完成相应的练习★语法梳理名词知识概要一、名词的分类名词即表示人或物名称的词，它分为专有名词和普通名词两大类。具体可看表：类别意义例词专有名词表示人、地方、事物、机构、组织等名称的词Lucy,China,theGreatWall,theGreatHallofthePeople普通名词可数名词个体名词表示个体的人或事物的词dictionary,pencil,chair,window集体名词表示一群人或一些事物的词Family,police,class,group,team不可数名词物质名词表示构成各种物体的物质或材料的词Rice,glass,water,porridge,paper,air,wood,wheat,steel抽象名词表示状态、品质、行为、感情等抽象概念的词Knowledge,dangerhealth,life,homework,interest,love动动脑筋，观察一下：car——cars，student——students，book——booksdesigner——designersairplane——airplaneswater,bread,paper,tear,第6页\n一、可数名词的复数形式1、名词按其所表示的事物的性质分为可数名词（CountableNoun）和不可数名词（UncountableNoun），可数名词又有单数和复数两种形式。练一练：把下面的名词变成它的复数形式season_______form________plan_________bus______watch_______tomato_________hobby_________city__________toy________monkey________wife________leaf________man________woman_______sheep______mouse_________foot______(一)名词复数构成规律：情况构成方法例词一般情况+scakegrapemonthcouple以-s,-x,-ch,-sh等结尾的词+eswatchboxbusboss辅音字母+y结尾的词改y为i，+esbeautycountybabyladyfactory以f和fe结尾的词变f(fe)为vesleafwifewolfknifelifethief以o结尾的词1、有生命体的+es,2、无生命体的+sNegroheropotatotomatomango黑人英雄喜欢吃土豆、番茄和芒果。radiozoopianophoto（二）一些不规则变化特例：man—menwoman----womentooth----teethfoot---feetmouse----micechild----childrendeer---deersheep---sheepChinese—ChineseJapanese—Japanesepoliceman-policemen（与man和woman构成的合成词，其复数形式也是-men和-women）Englishman———EnglishmenFrenchman————Frenchmen（三）某国人变复数，记住以下的顺口溜：中日不变，英法改变，其他加sChinese——ChineseJapanese——JapaneseEnglishman———EnglishmenFrenchman————FrenchmenAmerican———Americans（例外：German---Germans）（German不是合成词，故复数形式为Germans）（四）复合词的复数:改中心词为复数girlstudent————girlstudents注意：man和woman等作定语时，它的单复数以所修饰的名词的单复数而定，例如：womanteacher----womenteachersmanteacher-----menteachers(五)表示复数的名词（复合名词）police（警察)Public(公众)family（家人）people（人们）the+姓s例：theSmiths史密斯一家人注意:有些集体名词如family,team,class,police等表示一个整体时,谓语动词应用单数;表示各成员时,谓语动词应该用复数形式.练一练：Myfamily_________(be)abigone.Allmyfamily_______be)inChinanow.第6页\n（六）数词+名词作定语时,这个名词一般保留单数形式,中间加连字符.例如:ten-minutewalk,an8-year-oldgirl,aten-milewalk(七)看似复数实际是单数的名词：news消息Politics政治Maths数学Physics物理1.Nonews_______goodnews.(be)2.Ithinkmaths_______veryimportant.(八)既可作可数又可作不可数的名词：chicken小鸡/鸡肉room房间/空间；位置work作品/工作paper论文;报纸/纸glass玻璃杯/玻璃time次；倍/时间wood树林/木头fish鱼/鱼肉exercise练习/运动；锻炼light灯/光fruit(各种)水果/水果(九)常用不可数名词bread;meat;rice;food;water;tea;milk;coffee;juice;paper;Grass;news;advice;music;information;sugar;chocolate;jam;Hair;ice;rain;snow;sun;wind;work;help;love;hope;weather;(十)不可数名词"量"的表示方法.manyafew修饰可数名词anumberofmuch修饰不可数名词alittlesome/alotof修饰可数／不可数名词不可数名词不能与数词连用，若要表示相应的数量，则需要借助一定的单位词1、借助表示“张”、“块”的单位词2、apieceofpaper一张纸apieceofmusicapieceofinformationapieceofadvice一条建议apieceofnews一条新闻apieceofchalk一支粉笔2.借助表示容量的词abottleofink一瓶墨水acupoftea一杯茶abowlofrice一碗米饭aglassofbeer一杯啤酒3.借助表示重量的词akiloofsalt一公斤盐tentonsofcoal十吨煤4.借助表示形状的词第6页\nadropofwater一滴水agrainofsand一粒沙acupoftea→twocupsofteaapieceofpaper→threepiecesofpaper三.名词所有格用来表示人或物的所有,以及领属关系。表示有生命的名词的所有格其单数形式是加's其复数形式是s',如其结尾不是s的复数形式仍加's,如:astudent'sroom,students'rooms,Children'sDay.在表示时间、距离、世界、国家……名词的所有格要用's,如:atwentyminutes'walk.但无生命名词的所有格则必须用of结构,如:thecapitalofourcountry,thecolouroftheflowers。分类构成方法例子表示有生命的名词的所有格（1）在单数名词后加+'s。Theteacher'soffice（2）以s结尾的复数名词后只加'。Theteachers'officeBoys'game（3）不以s结尾的复数名词后要加's。TheChildren'sPalaceThePeopleofRepublicofChina如某一物体属于两个或者两个以上名词所共有，只需在后一个并列名词词尾加's；如果不是，则需在各个并列名词后面分别加上's。JohnandMary'shouseisbig.（房子属于他们两人共有）John'sandMary'shousesarebig（房子属于他们分别拥有）表示无生命的名词所有格一般用“of+名词”表示ThedoorsofourclassroomThecapitalofChina双重所有格of+one's或of+名词性物主代词Anoldfriendofhis;Afriendofmybrother's四、名词的用法1、作主语Englishisuseful.英语很有用。2、作定语：名词作定语，一般用单数形式papertiger纸老虎workplace工作的地方3、作宾语ShelearnsEnglishhardeveryday.她天天努力学英语。4、做表语Tomismygoodfriend.汤姆是我的好朋友。5、作宾语补足语Theychosetheboymonitor.他们选那个男孩当班长。第6页\n１．练一练：把下面的名词变成它的复数形式season_______form________plan_________bus______watch_______tomato_________hobby_________city__________toy________monkey________wife________leaf________man________woman_______sheep______mouse_________foot______２．选择：1.Someoftheforeignfriendsare________,theothersare________.A.Japanese;GermansB.Japanese;GermenC.Japaneses;Germans2.Three______areeatingthegrassatthefootofthemountain.A.sheepsB.sheepC.sheepesD.ships3.________teachersintheirschoolisabout200andonefourthofthemare________teachers.A.Anumberof;womenB.Anumberof;womanC.Thenumberof;women4.Wecanseetwo________inthepicture.A.appletreeB.applestreesC.appletreesD.applestree5.Goodnews.Wewillhavea_______holiday,Ihaveheardofit,Butit'scomingin_______A.threedays;threedaysB.threedays';threedays'C.three-day;threedays6.Acomputerisoneofthegreatest_______inthiscentury.A、inventorB.inventionsC.invention7.________wenttoJapanyesterday.A.TheWhite'sB.TheWhitesC.TheWhite8、MrBlackgaveus______onhowtolearnEnglishwell.A.anadviceB.manyadvicesC.someadviceD.someadvices３．填空：1.Myfamily_________(be)abigone.Allmyfamily_______be)inChinanow.2.Nonews_______goodnews.(be)3.Ithinkmaths_______veryimportant.４．选择：1.Theyoungwomanis________Englishteacher.AMary'sandLilyB.Mary'sandLily'sC.MaryandLily's2.Herunclefeelshappybecauseheheardfrom_________A.aoldfriendofhimB.anoldfriendofhisC.anoldfriendofhim3、Withwhomdidyouwatch2010WorldCupOpeningCeremony?—_________.A.AfriendofmineB.AfriendofmeC.Afriendofmysister4.September10this___Day.ATeacherBTeachersCTeacher'sDTeachers'5.June1stis___.A.Children'sdayB.children'sDayC.Children'sDayD.children'sday综合大练习一、单选题1.LucyandLily___inthesameclass.A.amB.isC.areD.be第6页\n2.Whichisthe___tothebusstop,please?AroadBwayCstreetDaddress3.Hurryup!Thereis___timeleft.AlittleBalittleCfewDafew4.Howmany___canyouseeinthepicture?AtomatosBtomatoesCtomatoDthetomato5.-___isthemeat.Please?-Tenyuanakilo.AHowmuchBHowmanyCHowoldDHowlong6Theboy'snameisJamesAllenGreen.Sohisgivennameis___.AJamesAllenBAllenGreenCJamesGreenDMr.Green7Shanghaiisoneofthebiggest___inourcountry.AcityBcity'sCcitysDcities8Wouldyoupleasepassme___?AtwopaperBtwopapersCtwopiecesofpaperDtwopiecesofpapers9Tonyisafriendof___.A.Mary'smother'sB.motherofMary'sC.Marymother's10Ionlyhave___breadforlunchtoday.AabitBabitofClittleDfew11"Whatwouldyoulike,Ann?""I'dliketwo___."AglassofmilkBglassesofmilkCglassofmilksDglassesofmilks12Thereisn't___paperinthebox.Willyougoandget___forme?Aany,someBany,anyCsome,someDsome,any13.Isthisyourroom？No,It's______roomA.thechildrenB.thechildren'sC.thechildrens'14Theseforeignfriendsare___.AGermanBGermenCGermanyDGermans15Allthestudentsarebusy,so___ofthemwillgotothecinema.AmanyBlittleCafewDfew16Therearethree___andseven___inthepicture.Adeers,sheepsBdeers,sheepCdeer,sheepDdeer,sheeps17Whoseroomisthis?It's___.AmyBKike'sandJohn'sCourDKikeandJohn's二、改错题1、Pleasegivemeapaper.2、Myglassesisbroken.3、Iwanttobuytwoshoes.4、MayIborrowtworadioes?5、Therearemuchpeopleinthegarden.6、Iwantafewwater.7、Don'teattoomuchmeats.8、WehavefiveGermaninthismeeting.9、Wehavemanywomanteachersinourschool.10、Physicsareverydifficulttolearn.第6页