最新(全)高中英语主语从句课件PPT 68页

(全)高中英语主语从句\n学习目标：1.掌握主语从句的基本概念；2.能从句中找出主语从句，并翻译句子；3.能够概括出主语从句的引导词；4.学会根据句意选择恰当的引导词。\n三简单句的五种基本类型Islept.2.Iatedishes.3.Iwashappy.4.Parentsgavemepocketmoney.5.Springfestivalmademefat.主+谓(Ｓ+Vi)主+谓+宾(S+Vt+O)主+谓+间宾+直宾(S+Vt+IO+O)主+系+表(S+link-V+P)主+谓+宾+宾补(S+Vt+O+C)\n\n\n\n一.句子转化eg:Thenewsmakesmelaugh.Thathefailedthetestmakesmelaugh.eg:Myhometownisfullofwind.Wherewegrowupisfullofwind.eg:Alovelydeskmateisneededbyme.WhoIneedislovely.\n主语从句定义：主语从句是在复合句中充当主语的从句，通常放在主句谓语动词之前或由形式主语it代替，而本身放在句子末尾。\n主语从句的引导词：连词that,whether连接代词who(ever),whom(ever),which(ever),what(ever)连接副词where,when,why,how\n1）从属连词：that，whether等.that引导主语从句只起引导作用，本身无实际意义，在主语从句中不充当任何成分，但不能省略。Thatpeoplecutdowntoomanytreesdestroyedthebalanceofnature.Whetherlifewillcontinueontheearthformillionsofyearstocomewilldependonwhetherthisproblemcanbesolved.\n.Itwasnotclearwhetherthesolidshapewouldlastornot.SubjectClauseSubjectFormedSubjectWhetherthesolidshapewouldlastornotwasnotclear.Real引导主语从句在句首只能用whether,有it作形式主语的whether/if都可以.Conclusion:ifIf×\n___hemadeanimportantspeechatthemeetingwastrue.2.___we’llgocampingtomorrowdependsontheweather.3.___isknowntousallthatAmericaisadevelopedcountry.\n注意:由that引导的主语从句有时为了使句子结构平衡,避免“头重脚轻”,常用it作形式主语,而把从句放在后面。例如:1.Thathewillrefusethispieceofadviceisimpossible.______________________________________________________________________________2.Thattheyshouldlikeeachotherisnatural._____________________________________*it为形式主语Itisnaturalthattheyshouldlikeeachother.Itisimpossiblethathewillrefusethispieceofadvice.\n这样就构成了下面一些常用句型:1)Itis+n.+从句Itisapity/shamethat...遗憾的是……Itisasurprisethat…令人惊奇的是…Itisafactthat……是事实Itiscommonknowledgethat……是常识*_______________(很遗憾)welostthematch.*______________(这是事实)hecheatedintheexam.ItisapitythatItisafactthat\n2)Itis+adj.+从句It’scertainthat…肯定…Itispossiblethat...很可能……Itisunlikelythat...不可能……Itisobviousthat…很明显…Itisnecessary\important\natural\...that…*_________________(很可能)shewillcomebacktomorrow.*_________________(很明显)thismeasureiseffective.+(should)+do…ItispossiblethatItisobviousthat\n主语从句的虚拟语气①表“应该，惊讶、惋惜、遗憾”等意义Itisimportant/natural/necessary/impossible/strangethat...谓语形式为:should+V.原形,should可省略。eg.很奇怪，他竟没有来。Itisstrangethat___________________.我们做足够的运动很重要。重要的是我们应该做足够的运动Itisimportantthatweshoulddoenoughsports.※heshouldnotcome\n②表示“据建议、据要求、据命令”It+be+suggested/advised/ordered/requested/commanded/insisted/requiredthat…谓语形式:should+V.原形,should可省略.据命令，所有乘客必须接受搜查___________________allthepassengers_____________________.Itwasorderedthat(should)besearched\n3)It+不及物动词+从句Ithappenedthat...碰巧……Itoccurredtomethat…我突然想起…*________________(刚好)Icameintotheofficeatthattime.*____________________(我突然想起)Iforgettosenttheletter.IthappenedthatItoccurredtomethat\n4)It+be+过去分词+从句Itissaidthat...据说……Itisknowntoallthat...众所周知……Itisreportedthat...据报道……Itisbelievedthat...据信……;人们相信……Itissuggestedthat+(should）do...建议……Itmustbeadmittedthat…必须承认……Itcannotbedeniedthat…不可否认……Itmustbepointedoutthat…需指出的是……*___________________(据报道)20peoplewerekilledintheaccident.*______________________(建议)weshouldeatmorevegetableanddomoreexercise.ItisreportedthatItissuggestedthat\n5)“无关紧要（的是）”Itdoesn’tmatterItmakesnodifference翻译：一个人是否富有无关紧要_____________________oneiswealthyornot.Itdoesn’tmatterwhetherItmakesnodifferencewhether+主语从句\n：Theyshouldlikeeachotherisnatural.：Thattheyshouldlikeeachotherisnatural.：Itisnaturalthattheyshouldlikeeachother.：IfMaryreallyheardhimisreallydoubtful.：ItwasdoubtfulifMaryreallyheardhim.TorFquestions\n2.连接代词who，what，which,whatever,whichever,whoeverWhatmanyscientistsbelieveisthatthecontinuedpresenceofwater…Whowilltakepartinthemeetinghasnotbeendecided.Whoeverbreaksthelawwillbepunished.Whichstudentwillwinthefirstisuncertain.\n3)连接副词when，where，how，why等。Whytheysuddenlydisappearedstillremainsamystery.Whentheywillsetoffisnotdecided.Wheresheisfromisunknown.Howwewillpaintthehousehasnotbeendecided.\n★“是否”“whether”“哪一个”“which”（2007年湖北卷第37题）（他是否出过国）doesn’tmakemuchdifference.（he,abroad）HehasbeenabroadWhetherWhetherhehasbeenabroad(ornot)如何选用连接词？看意思\n“Itbe/动词…__句子”结构立即套用that还原语序如果句子成立，那么使用that。（2011年江苏卷26）Itwasneverclear_______themanhadn’treportedtheaccidentsooner.A．thatB．howC．whenD．whyThatthemanhadn’treportedtheaccidentsoonerwasnotclear.Thatthat看句型\n★看从句是否缺乏东西（主宾表），如果是，填what（事、物）或者who(人)(2011年湖北卷第76题)（令球迷欣喜的）wasthattheyoungplayerperformedexteriorlywellinthetabletennistournament.(delight)Delightvt.使…高兴，欣喜delightsb.Delightthefans?DelightthefansWhatdelightedthefans分析句子成分\n★如果成分齐全，那么考虑是否需要状语。根据句子的意思确定是需要时间、地点、原因还是方式。（when,where,why,how）（2008年湖北卷第33题）______（我成长的）isveryhotanddampinsummer.（grow）我成长Igrowup我成长的地方…WhereIgrowupWhereIgrewup\n如果句子成分均已饱满，意思也完整，那么考虑使用that。____themovieTheAdventuresofTintinsistobeonmademesoexcited.themovieistobeonThatThat\nCompletethesentencesusingwhat,whether,where,when，who,why,howorthat.1.(_____isneededforsuccess)isyourhardwork.3.(wewillgotomorrow)hasn’tbeendecidedyet.2.(theywillarrive)hasbeentoldtotheteacher.WhatWhen/HowWhere/whether\n4.(______canjoininthesportmeet)isdecidedbytheteacher.5.(________itwillrainornot)isnotclear.7.(______theearthisasolidball)isknowntousall.WhoWhetherThat6.(____theearthisbecomingwarm)isagoodtopicforresearch.Why主语从句作主语时，谓语动词一般用单数形式。Conclusion:\n用that/whether/if//where/how/when/why/who/what/which/howmuch/etc.来连接主语从句.Summary:SubjectClause3.引导主语从句在句首只能用whether,有it作形式主语的whether/if都可以.2.That在主语从句中不能省略.4.有时为了使句子结构平衡,避免“头重脚轻”,常用it作形式主语,而把从句放在后面.4种句型。5.主语从句作主语时，谓语动词一般用单数形式。\n注意二：Whoever(无论谁)=anyone/anybodywho（谁）____leavestheroomlastoughttoturnoffthelights.A.Anyone B.ThepersonC.Whoever D.Who\n注意三：“疑问词+ever”引导主、宾、表、状语从句“Nomatter+疑问词”只引导状语从句无论谁违反法律将会受到处罚__________________willbepunished.______________________,hewillbepunishedWhoeverbreakslawsNomatterwhobreakslawsWhoeverbreakslaws主语从句状语从句逗号是状语从句的标志无论…\n2._______theycansolvethequestionisstillunknown.A.IfB.WhichC.WhetherD.What3._____hesaidatthemeetingastonishedeverybody.A.WhyB.WhatC.ThatD.Who4.____isafactthatEnglishisacceptedasaninternationallanguage.A.ThereB.ThisC.ThatD.It1._____weneedmorepracticeisquiteobvious.A.WhatB.ThatC.WhenD./\nPickuponenumberandfinishthetaskinit,thenyoucangetsomepoints.GameTime!123456789101112131415161718192021222324252627282930\nCorrectornot?*Whenthemeetingwillbeheldhaven’tbeenknownyet.…………………………….beheldhasn’tbeenknownyet.×Payattention:主语从句的谓语用单数形式10\nthecatdomadeWhatthecatdidmadethebabycry.WhatcryMakeasentence30\n1.Thequestionis________thefilmisworthseeing.2.________weshallattendthemeetinghasn'tbeendecidedyet.用whether\if填空whetherWhether10\nTranslatethesentence*_______________________________(他们很需要帮助)isquiteclear.Thattheyarebadlyinneedofhelp20\ntalkabouttheuseofcellphoneWhattheyaretalkingaboutistheuseofcellphone.Makeasentence30\n*Ifwewillhaveameetinghasn’tbeendecidedyet.×Correctornot?Whetherwewill………………………….decidedyet.Payattention:放在名词性从句句首，表示“是否”，只能用whether,不能用if10\nTranslatethesentence*Itisknowntous_______________________________________(马克.吐温怎样成为一位伟大的作家).howMarkTwainbecameagreatwriter20\nreport,getthehighestpoints,matchItisreportedthatYaoMinggotthehighestpointsinthematch.Makeasentence30\n×Correctornot?Payattention:注意虚拟语气在名词性从句中的使用！在Itisnecessary\important\natural\...that…句型中，从句的谓语要用should+do的形式Itisimportantthatweshouldfinish…..*Itisimportantthatwewillfinishtheworkontime.10\n×Correctornot?Payattention:此主语从句缺少成分-宾语，故用作成分的what来引导，而不用that。Whatshewantstoknowis…….*Thatshewantstoknowiswhenthepartywillbeheld.10\n×Correctornot?Payattention:由that引导的主语从句放在句首，that不能省略。Thathewillgiveup………*Hewillgiveuphisjobsurprisesallofus.10\nTranslatethesentence*_______________________________（她是否出席会议）isnotcertain.Whethershewillattendthemeeting20\nItmakestheteacherangrythatthechilddoesn’tknowtheanswer.teacherangryDon’tknowtheanswerMakeasentence30\n1.Whereshallwespendtheholidayisn’tdecided.2.Yourhavemadeamistakeisafact.3.Thatiscertainthatwecanwin.4.Nomatterwholeavestheroomlastoughttoturnoffthelights.5.Itisimportantthatastudentlearnsaforeignlanguage.weshallThatyouhaveItisWhoevershouldlearn改错练习\n祛风剂\n组成功效主治辛散疏风药疏散外风风病熄风止痉药平熄内风定义概述\n风病外风内风风邪外袭病位在肌表、经络、肌肉、筋骨、关节脏腑功能失调，病位主要在肝。肝风上扰热极动风阴虚风动血虚风动\n1、辨别风病属内、属外。2、辨别病邪兼夹及虚实，进行适当配伍。3、风药多温燥，易伤津助火，阴津不足及阳亢有热者慎用。使用注意：分类平熄内风疏散外风\n川芎茶调散《太平惠民和剂局方》偏正头痛或巅顶作痛目眩恶寒发热鼻塞舌苔薄白，脉浮外感风邪头痛风邪外袭循经上犯头目疏散外风\n川芎茶调散《太平惠民和剂局方》臣羌活—善治太阳经头痛白芷—善治阳明经头痛细辛—善治少阴经头痛，宣通鼻窍疏风止痛疏散外风君川芎—祛风活血止痛,为治头痛要药，尤善治少阳、厥阴经头痛。使甘草—益气和中调药佐荆芥、防风、薄荷—疏风止痛，清利头目祛风止痛清茶—苦凉，既可上清头目，又能制约风药过于温燥升散\n大秦艽汤《素问病机气宜保命集》口眼歪斜舌强不能言语手足不能运动或兼恶寒发热肢节疼痛苔白或黄脉浮细或弦细风邪初中经络证风邪初中气血痹阻疏散外风\n大秦艽汤《素问病机气宜保命集》祛风清热养血活血疏散外风风中经络气血痹阻邪之所凑其气必虚风邪郁而化热祛风——艽、芷、辛、防、羌、独清热——膏、地、芩活血益气——术、苓、草养血四物(地、归、芍、芎)\n消风散《外科正宗》皮肤疹出色红或遍身云片状斑点瘙痒抓破后渗出津水苔白或黄脉浮数有利风疹湿疹风湿热邪郁于肌凑侵淫血脉疏散外风\n消风散《外科正宗》佐石膏、知母—清热泻火当归、生地胡麻仁疏风养血清热除湿疏散外风使甘草—解毒和中调和诸药君荆芥、防风牛蒡、蝉蜕臣苍术—散风祛湿苦参—清热燥湿木通—渗利湿热疏风止痒，祛除风邪养血活血滋阴润燥\n牵正散《扬氏家藏方》太阳外中于风，阳明内蓄痰浊，风痰阻于头面经络，肌肉失养风痰阻络祛风化痰通络止痉疏散外风君白附子—长于祛头面之风，燥湿化痰散风止痉臣全蝎—熄风止痉通络定风止痉之要药僵蚕—熄内风，散外风且能化痰佐使酒—性善走，宣通血脉助药势直达头面，使风去痰消经络通畅中风面瘫口眼歪斜\n羚角钩藤汤《通俗伤寒论》高热不退烦闷躁扰，甚则神昏手足抽搐，发为痉厥舌绛而干或舌焦起刺脉弦而数肝热生风证肝经热盛热急动风平熄内风\n羚角钩藤汤《通俗伤寒论》佐生地、白芍、甘草—酸甘化阴，滋阴柔肝舒筋川贝、竹茹—清热化痰茯神木—宁心安神凉肝熄风增液舒筋平熄内风使生甘草—调和诸药君羚角、钩藤—清热平肝熄风止痉臣桑叶菊花辛凉疏泄，使邪热外达以助凉肝熄风\n镇肝熄风汤《医学衷中参西录》头目眩晕，目胀耳鸣脑中热痛，面色如醉心中烦热，或时常噫气或肢体渐觉不利口眼渐形歪斜或眩晕颠扑，昏不知人移时始醒醒后不能复原脉弦长有力类中风阴虚阳亢肝风内动气血并走于上平熄内风中风后中风前中风时\n镇肝熄风汤《医学衷中参西录》佐龟板、白芍玄参、天冬茵陈、川楝子、麦芽镇肝熄风滋阴潜阳平熄内风使甘草—调和诸药，伍麦芽养胃和中君牛膝—重用引血下行，且补肝肾。臣代赭石、龙骨、牡蛎—镇肝降逆潜阳滋阴，潜阳，清热—疏肝泄热\n天麻钩藤饮《中医内科杂病证治新义》肝阳偏亢肝风上扰证平熄内风头痛眩晕失眠舌红苔黄脉弦肝阳偏亢风阳上扰—肝阳偏亢神失所养肝阳有余化热之体征\n天麻钩藤饮《中医内科杂病证治新义》平熄内风平肝熄风——天麻、钩藤、石决明清肝热——黄芩、栀子活血利水——牛膝、益母草补肝肾——杜仲、桑寄生安神——夜交藤、朱茯神平肝熄风清热活血补益肝肾\n大定风珠《温病条辨》温病后期手足瘛纵神倦脉气虚弱有时时欲脱之势舌绛少苔阴虚风动证真阴大亏虚风内动平熄内风\n大定风珠《温病条辨》臣白芍、甘草五味子滋阴熄风平熄内风使甘草—兼能调和诸药佐龟板、鳖甲、牡蛎—育阴潜阳,重镇熄风君鸡子黄、阿胶—滋阴以熄风生地、麦冬—养阴生津火麻仁—养阴润燥酸甘化阴，滋阴柔肝,缓急疏肝