高中英语语法情态动词完整ppt课件 51页

Modalverbs情态动词1.\n一.Weusemodalverbstotalkabout:1.Ability（能力）2.Obligation（义务）3.Certainty（可能性）4.Permission（允许）2.\n二.Wealsousemodalverbsto:5.Makerequests（提出请求）6.Makesuggestions（提出建议）7.Makeoffers（提供帮助）8.Giveadvice（提出意见）3.\n1.Ability(能力):LiuXiangcanrunthe110mhurdleracewithin13seconds.4.\ncan/could:1.can一般表示与生俱来的能力或者一种客观可能性,还可以表示请求和允许。LearningEnglish_____bedifficult.canMancannotlivewithoutair._______Iuseyourbike?Can5.\ncan/could:2.在疑问句中，用could可表示请求，语气较委婉。—____Ihavethetelevisionon?—Yes,you_____./No,you_____CouldHeasksifhe____smokehere.couldcan/maycan’t/I’mafraidnot6.\ncan/could:3.表示惊异、怀疑、不相信的态度。（主要用在否定句、疑问句或惊叹句中）He’ssuchanicepersonthathe______committhecrime.can’t你怎么会如此地粗心！Howcanyoubesocareless!Canthisbetrue?7.\ncan/could:4.cannever/can’t……too表示“无论怎样…也不过分”，“越…越好”。你过马路的时候再小心也不为过。Youcan’tbetoocarefulwhilecrossingtheroad.8.\nAttention:can/beableto区别:Edisonalwayswonderedwhyhenscouldhatch(孵)chickenswhilehewasnotableto.Question:Arethetwomodalverbsinterchangeable(互换)?Ifnot,why?can表示与生俱来的能力或一种客观可能，而beableto更加强调通过后天的学习和努力获得的能力，或者在某个客观的场合和背景下，能做到的事情。9.\nAttention:can/beableto区别:AbigfirebrokeoutinABChotelyesterday.Luckily,everyone__________runoutofthebuilding.wasableto2.She_____speakbothEnglishandFrench.can10.\nI’msotired!Ihavetodothetrainingforatleast10hoursaday!2.Obligation(义务):…yethemustworkhardtowinthegoldmedal.AlthoughLiuXiangissogiftedinhurdlerace…11.\nAttention:advisabilitynecessityoughtto/shouldhavetomustYourmotherbringsyouupandtakesgoodcareofyou,sowhensheisold,you___lookafterherinreturn.A.canB.mayC.havetoD.must12.\nShiDongpengmightwinamedalattheOlympicGames.Althoughthechanceofwinningamedalissmall,I’lltrymybest!3.Certainty(可能性):13.\nAttention:veryuncertainalmostcertainmightshouldmustmaycouldoughttowill1.He_____beathome.2.He_____beathome,forhejustcalledmefromhishome15secondsago.A.mayB.mightC.mustA.mayB.mightC.must(can)14.\nmust表示肯定的猜测，译为“一定”，不能用于否定句或疑问句。Thismustbeyourpen.Hemustbedoinghishomeworknow.Hemusthavearrivedalready.must15.\nmust2.表示“坚持”（常用于固定句型：ifyoumustdosth.如果你非得要做某事）如果你真的要走，那就悄悄离开。Ifyoumustleave,doitquietly.16.\nAttention:—They___bedoingtheexperimentinthelab.—Why？—Becausethelightsarestillburning.A.couldB.canC.mustD.would17.\n4.Permission(允许):MayIeatKFCifIwinthegoldmedal?18.\nmay/might:1.表示许可。表示请求、允许时，might比may的语气更委婉一些。—Might/MayIuseyourcomputer?—Yes,youcan./No,youcan’t/mustn’t.19.\nmay/might:2.用于祈使句中表示祝愿。3.表示推测、可能（只用于肯定句，疑问句则要用can或could）。祝你成功！Mayyousucceed.Hemaybeverybusynow.Mayyoubehappyallyourlife.20.\n5.Makingrequests(提出要求):Canyouhelpmewithmytraining?Idon’tknowhowtousethisequipment!willcancouldwouldinformalformal21.\n6.Makingsuggestions(提出建议):Shallwedothetraininginthemorning?It’stoohottotakeexerciseintheafternoon.22.\nshall:1.Shall用于第一、第三人称疑问句中，表示说话人征求对方的意见、向对方请示或提供帮助。1.Shallwebeginourlesson?2.Whenshallhebeallowedtoleavehospital?3.ShallIcarrythisbagforyou?23.\nshall:2.Shall用于第二、第三人称，表示说话人给对方命令、警告、允诺或威胁。Youshallfailifyoudon‘tworkharder.Heshallbepunishedaccordingtotherule.等我读完这本书，就会给他的。HeshallhavethebookwhenIfinishit.警告威胁允诺24.\n7.Makingoffers(提供帮助):Don’tworry,dear,Iwillwashthemrightaway.Mom,mydirtyclotheshavebeenpiledup!Idon’thavetime……25.\nwill/would:1.表示请求、建议等，would比will委婉客气。sentencepatternWouldyouplease…Wouldyoumind…Wouldrather…Wouldyoulike…26.\nwill/would:2.表示意志、愿望和决心。Iwillneverdothatagain.27.\nwill/would:3.可表示经常性、习惯性、倾向性。翻译为“经常、惯于、总是”。1).Theoldman_______haveasmokeunderabigtreeeveryafternoonafterhefinishedhisfarmwork.would28.\n2).门就是打不开!Thedoorwon’topen.29.\nwill/would:Attention:Iwillgototheparkwithyoutomorrowifyouwilloffermelunch.Question:Isthissentencecorrect?Why?情态动词表示“意愿”30.\n8.Givingadvice(提出意见):Youshouldnot/oughtnottoeatsomuchbeforerunning.Howdelicious!!!31.\nshould:1.Should表示劝告、建议、命令，其同义词是oughtto；在疑问句中，通常用should代替ought…to。ShouldIopenthewindow?我们应当要相互学习。Weshouldlearnfromeachother.32.\nshould:2.情态动词should用于第一人称时可以表示说话人的一种谦逊、客气、委婉的语气。Rose—Sure.Bytheway,whoisyouridol?Jack—LiuXiang,Ishouldsay.Ishouldadviseyounottodothatagain.33.\n3.should表示意外或惊讶常译为“居然，竟然”。Ican’tbelievesuchagentlemanshouldbesorudetotheold.我不敢相信这样一个绅士居然对老人如此无礼。should:34.\n4.should表示猜测时，一般指按经验或逻辑判断，翻译成“照说应该，估计，想必”should:---WhencanIcomeforthephotos?Ineedthemtomorrowafternoon.---They_____bereadyby12:00.A.canB.shouldC.mightD.need35.\nTobecontinued36.\n三.“情态动词+havedone”的用法（1）musthavedone对过去某事的十分肯定猜测（2）may/mighthavedone对过去某事的可能性猜测（3）can’t/couldn’thavedone对过去某事的否定猜测（4）should/oughttohavedone过去应该做而未做（5）shouldn’t/oughtn’ttohavedone过去不应该做而实际上做了（6）needn’thavedone本没有必要做的事实际却做了（7）couldhavedone本来能够做的（有能力做）事实际却未做到（8）must+bedoing∕do表示对现在的动作进行肯定推测37.\n他现在一定在看小说.Hemustbereadingnovelsnow.他们买了一辆新车。他们一定很有钱.Theyhaveboughtanewcar.Theymusthavealotofmoney.他们在玩篮球，他们一定完成了作业。Theyareplayingbasketball,theymusthavefinishedtheirhomework.38.\n刚才我还看见他了，所以他不可能出国的.Isawhimjustnowsohecouldn’thavegoneabroad.你本来可以考的更好。Youcouldhavehadabettermark.他可能已经从报纸上知道这个消息了。Hemighthavereadthenewsfromthenewspaper.39.\n表猜测语气的反意疑问句的构成:句子中含有表示猜测的情态动词时，其反意疑问句的构成不能再用原句中的情态动词，而应根据原句在去掉情态动词的情况下的主谓关系来确定其反问形式。Hemustbereading,he?Youmustdoityourself,you?Hemusthavegoneoverthearticle,he?Itmusthaverainedlastnight,it?isn'tdon'thas'tdid't40.\n1.Judgingfromhisaccident,hemustbefromthesouth,2.Tomboughtalotofapples.Hemustlikeeatingapples,3.Itiseleveno’clockatnightandthelightsareoff.Theymustbesleepingnow,isn’t,he?didn’the?aren’tthey?因must后是实意动词like因must后是系动词bemust后接的是besleeping，是对正在进行的情况推测41.\nLet'shaveatry!42.\nPracticeWithsomuchworkonhand,you____toseethegamelastnight.A.mustn’tgoB.couldhavegoneC.shouldn’tgoD.shouldn’thavegone2.Therewasplentyoftime.She____.A.mustn’thavehurriedB.couldn’thavehurriedC.mustnothurryD.needn’thavehurried43.\nPractice3.–IsawMaryinthelibraryyesterday.--You_____her.Sheisstillabroad.A.mustn’tseeB.can’thaveseenC.mustn’thaveseenD.couldn’tsee4.AuntMary______thetrain,otherwiseshewouldhavearrivedherebynow.A.musthavemissedB.shouldhavemissedC.hadmissedD.mightmiss44.\n四.可兼做行为动词的情态动词：need、dare情态动词(+动词原形)行为动词needdare1.无人称和数的变化;2.尤其用于：*否定句及疑问句中;*在if/whether之后;*或与hardly,never,noone,nobody连用;3.常以needn’t和daren’t的形式出现;4.dare有其过去时dared.多用于肯定句;(sb.)needtododaretodo(sth.)needtobedone(sth.)needdoing45.\nHedaren’tspeakEnglishbeforesuchacrowd,darehe?判断正误:Hedaren’ttospeakEnglishbeforesuchacrowd,didhe?Thesedishesneedbecleanedcarefully.Thesedishesneedtobecleanedcarefully.Thesedishesneedcleaningcarefully.46.\n五.表示否定的情态动词的用法:部分情态动词的否定式是情态动词中的考点之一。mustn’t不准,禁止needn’t没必要(=don’thaveto)can’t不能;不可能maynot不可以;可能不shouldn’t不应该(=oughtnotto)47.\n情态动词考题:1.Putonmoreclothes.Youbefeelingcoldwithonlyashirton.A.can B.could C.must D.would2."MustIdrivetohishouseandpickupthechildren?""No,."A.youshouldn'tB.youmightnotC.youneedn'tD.youmustn'tCC48.\n3.Wedidn'tseeTomatthemeetingyesterday.Heit.A.mustn'thaveattendedB.cannothaveattendedC.needn'thaveattendedD.wouldhavenotattended4.Weplaychessthanbridge.Someofusdon'tknowhowtoplaybridge.A.hadbetterB.wouldbetterC.wouldratherD.hadratherBA49.\n5.Thereissomeoneknockingatthedoor.itbeTom?A.can B.must C.should D.oughtto6.Twoyearago,myhusbandboughtmeabicycle.Ifyouliveintown,itisoftenfasterthanacarandyouworryaboutparking.A.mustnot  B.maynotC.shouldnot  D.don'thavetoAD50.\nThankyou!51.