高中语法名词性从句-最终版ppt课件 62页

名词性从句NounClause\nNounClause名词性从句：在句子中起名词作用的从句包括：1）主语从句2）宾语从句(动词宾语、介词宾语)3）表语从句4）同位语从句\n主语从句theSubjectClause\nWeloveourcountry.TheteachersworkhardCollectingcoinsismyhobby.Toseeistobelieve.Thatwewillsupportyouiscertain.Whetherwe’llgoorstaydependsontheweatherWhattheywilldonexthasnotbeendecidedyet.主语及主语从句：找出句中主语：作主语的有：名词、代词、动名词、不定式和从句。位置:句首主语从句:作主语的从句\n主语从句：在句中充当主语的从句主语从句的位置：1）在句首Thatwewillsupportyouiscertain.Whetherwe’llgoorstaydependsontheweather2）在句末____iscertain____________________________.Itissaid/reported/hoped/believed/that.Itseems/appears/happensthat…Itispossible/necessary/importantthat..Itthattheywillsupportyou___dependsontheweather____________________________.Itwhetherwe’llgoorstay形式主语在前面，真正主语在后面。\n主语从句：在句中充当主语的从句引导主语从句的连词：Thathewonthegameisknowntoall.Thathe’scomingisgoodnews.1.that:无词意,在句首时不能省，在主语从句中不充当句子成份Whetherhewillcomeornotdoesn’tmatter.Whetheryoucanpassornotisnotimportant.2.whether/if:“是否”不能省，在句首时不能用if,在主语从句中不充当句子成份\nWhodidithasnotbeenfoundout.Whentheywillleavehasn’tbeendecided.Whyhediditisnotveryimportant.Itisnotimportantwhyhedidit.3.wh-words:有词意，不能省略,在从句中充当句子成份Whatyouheardistrue.WhatyousawisthethingI’lltellyou.Whateverhesayscannotbechanged.4.what:=n.+定语从句,“所……的”\n小结：主语从句：在句中充当主语的从句引导主语从句的连词：连词在主从中的作用词意省略thatwhetherifwh-wordswhat不充当句子成分无不省不充当句子成分“是否”不省充当句子成分有不省充当句子成分n+定从不省不充当句子成分充当句子成分有不可省注意:从句皆为陈述语序,不倒装if引导主语从句，不能在句首\n用正确的连词填空：1.________willgotherehasnotbeendecided.2.______wecandoitwellisnotknown.3.______theywillsupportusisgoodnews.4.Itishoped_____wecanhavealongholiday.5.Ithasbeendiscussed________wewillstay.6.Itisreported____manygotwoundedinthefight.7.Itisuncertain_____willteachusnextterm.8._________we’llhaveatestornotisnotimportant.9.________isimportantisthatwemustprepare.10.________hetoldyouisnotcompletelytrue.WhoHowThatthatwherethatwhoWhetherWhatWhat\n_____________________(她要去)iscertain.__________________________(他来不来)doesn’tmattertoomuch._______________(谁去)makesnodifference._______________(我们所需要的)ismoretime.____________________________(哪个队将赢得这场比赛)isstillunknown.________________________(他们什么时候动身)hasn’tbeendecidedyet._________________(她去哪儿了)isnotknownyet.____________________________(他是如何成为一个科学家的)isknowntoall.________________________(人们为什么干这件事wasn’tquiteclear.ThatshewillgoWhetherhewillcomeornotWhowillgoWhatweneedWhichteamwillwinthematchWhentheywillstartoffWhereshehasgoneHowhebecameascientistWhypeopledidsuchathing\n10.Is________________(你所告诉我的)reallytrue?11.Itisnotknownyet_______________________________(她今天回不回来).12.Itiscommonknowledge_____________________(冬天会下雪).13.Itisprobable_________________________(他已经把一切告诉她了).14.Ithappened_______________________________(他那天不在家).whatyoutoldmewhethershewillcomebackornotthatitsnowsinwinterthathehastoldhereverythingthathewasn’tathomethatday\n主语从句的两种句式:1)主语从句+谓语动词+…2)It+谓语动词+主语从句Whentheywillleavehasnotbeendecided.Itissaidthat…\n常见句型有：***Itissaid/reported/hoped/believedthat…***Itseems/appears/happensthat…***Itispossible/necessary/importantthat…***Itisnotclear/decided/known/aquestionwhether/if…when/why/where/how…It+谓语动词+主语从句（形式主语）（真实主语）\nSummary:主语从句连接词不能省略！that没有具体词义，不作句子成分；that-从句表达一个明确无疑的事实!wh-词有具体词义，并在从句中充当一定成分;wh-从句表达的信息有疑问点!wh-从句必须用陈述句语序！\nPractice\n找出下列句中的主语从句与连接词，并英译中：Whichanswerisrightisn’tknowntous.Thatwewillsupportyouiscertain.Itdependsontheweatherwhetherwe’llgoorstay.Whattheywilldonexthasnotbeendecidedyet.WhenhewillleavefortheUnitedStatesisnotyetdecided.WhichanswerisrightThatwewillsupportyouItwhetherwe’llgoorstayWhattheywilldonextWhenhewillleavefortheUnitedStates哪个答案是正确的.我们会支持你们我们将去或留他们下一步做什么他何时动身去美国\nChoosethecorrectanswer:1._____sheisarichwomanisknowntoallinthecity.A./B.ThatC.WhoD.Because2._______shallfinishtheworkbyMayDayispossible.A.WhatweB.ThatweC.BecauseweD.We3.___ispossible____weshallfinishitbyMayDay.A.That,thatB.It,whatC.That,thatD.it,that4.____theearthmovesaroundthesunisknowntoall.A.WhatB.WhichC.ThatD.It5.__isknowntoall_____earthmovesroundthesun.A.That,thatB.It,whatC.That,thatD.It,thatThatThatwethatThatItItthat\nChoosethecorrectanswer:6._____ispossible_____hemisunderstandsus.A.That,thatB.It,whatC.That,thatD.It,that7._________________________wasawell-knownfact.A.TheirteamwasweakB.ThattheirteambeingweakCThattheirteamwasweakD.Iftheirteamwasweak8.____seemstome_____wecan’tfinishitintime.A.That,thatB.This,howC.It,whatD.It,thatItthatThattheirteamwasweakItthat\nChoosethecorrectanswer:9.________we’llhavearestornot______notmatter.A.If,isB.That,are,C.What,doD.Whether,does10._____doesn’tmatter________yougoorstay.A.It,thatB.That,that,C.It,whether11._____Isaidatthemeetingistrue.A.ThatB.WhichC.WhatD.How12______________________nothingtodowithus.A.WhathedidisB.WhathehasdoneC.WhatdidhedoD.Whathehasdonehas.WhetherdoesItwhetherWhatWhathehasdonehas\nMakeupsentencesafterthemodel:(主语从句)1.That引导的主语从句2.Wh-words引导的主语从句3.Whether引导的主语从句4.what引导的主语从句5.it作形式主语的句子\n宾语从句theObjectiveClause\nWeallloveourcountry.Don’ttellhimaboutitIenjoylisteningtomusic.Iwanttostayhere.Ithink(that)youareright.Iwonderwhetherheishere.We’llfindoutwhodidit.Hedoesn’tknowwhyweblamedhim.宾语及宾语从句：找出句中宾语：作宾语的有：名词、代词、动名词、不定式和从句。宾语从句:作宾语的从句位置：动词或介词后宾补\n宾语从句：在句中充当宾语的从句引导宾语从句的连词：Iknow(that)hehasbeentotheUSA.Heexplained(that)hehadtriedbest.1.that:无词意,可省略,在宾从中不充当句子成分Idon’tknowwhether/iftheywillwin.Iwonderwhetherit’llrainornot.2.whether/if:“是否”(有ornot时不能用if),在宾从中不充当句子成分\nIdon’tknowwhoheis.HetoldmewhichIshouldchoose.Heaskedmewhenhecouldsetoff.I’llfindoutwherehelives.3.wh-words:有词意,在宾从中充当句子成分注意:从句皆为陈述语序Ican’tbelievewhatIhaveseen.Weunderstandwhatyousaid.Don’ttrytogetwhatbelongstoothers.Hegotbackwhathehadlost.4.what:,充当句子成分“所..的“\n介词Adj.主语+Vt.+宾语从句that-从句whether-从句wh-从句Summary:宾语从句主句部分\n补充：1.介词后也可带宾语从句：PleasethinkaboutwhatIhavesaidtoyou.Italldependsonwhethertheywillsupportus.2.be+adj+that从句I’msurethathewillcome.We’resurprisedthathesaidthattoanoldman.We’repleasedthatshehasgotachanceatlast.\n连接词一般不能省略！that没有具体词义，不作句子成分；有时可以省略。that-从句表达一个明确无疑的事实!wh-词有具体词义，充当一定成分;wh-从句表达的信息有表达特定的信息wh-从句必须用陈述句语序！\n*观察从句动词时态与主句动词时态：Ithinkyouareright.Ithinkyouwerewrongatthattime.Ithink(that)she’llcomeintime.Ithink(that)hehasalreadyfinishedhishomework.Ididn’tthinkhewaswrongyesterday.Mikesaidthathewasfeelingill.Sheaskedmewhyhehadchosenthatone.Heaskedmewhethershelivedhere.thinkarethinkthinkthinkdidn’tthinksaidwere‘llcomewaswasfeelingaskedhadchosenaskedlivedhasfinished\n主语+谓语V.+宾语从句现在时过去时任何时态一般过去时/过去完成时/过去将来时/过去进行时Summary:宾语从句的时态主句部分\n了解特殊宾语从句，有表达特殊的含义：Iinsistthatyoushouldlearnasecondlanguage.Isuggestthatyoushouldgiveupsmoking.Ifinditnecessarythatweshouldaskhimforhisadvice.Ithinkitpossiblethatyoumastertwoforeignlanguages.\n一想要(desire)一宁愿(prefer)一坚持(insist)二命令(order,command)三建议(advise,suggest,propose/recommend)四要求(demand,require,request,ask)中，无论主句谓语动词为何种时态，从句的谓语动词都用："should+do"。should可以省略。eg：Hesuggestedthatwe(should)taketheteacher'sadvice.Heinsistedthatwe(should)taketheteacher'sadvice.Hedemandthatwe(should)taketheteacher'sadvice.Heorderedthatwe(should)taketheteacher'sadvice.\nsuggest意为“建议”才用虚拟语气，意为“暗示”则不用虚拟语气。insist意为“坚持某种动作”才用虚拟语气；意为“坚持某种观点，某个事实”则不用虚拟语气。eg：Heinsistsheisastudent.eg：Hisfacesuggeststhathelooksworried.\n表情绪.观点的形容词或名词也要用虚拟语气.如：necessary、important、impossible、natural、strange、surprising、funny、right、wrong、better、apity,theshame,nowonder,essential等。表示惊奇、不相信、理应如此。\n小结：宾语从句：在句中充当宾语的从句引导宾语从句的连词：连词在宾从中的作用词意省略thatwhetherifwh-wordswhat不充当句子成分无可省不充当句子成分“是否”不省充当句子成分有不省充当句子成分n+定从不省不充当句子成分充当句子成分有不可省注意:从句皆为陈述语序,不倒装主句是过去时,宾语从句不能用现在时\n选择连词：用that,whether,if,who,what,whichwhose,when,where,why,how填空：1.Welearned______hehadbeentotheUSAtwice.2.Idon’tknow________he’llarriveontimeornot.3.Ithought________hewasgoingtohitme.4.Wewonder_____________hehaswonthematch.5.Heaskedme________Iwouldliketogo.6.Ican’tremember________Ishouldgetoff.7.Thepolicemanasked________caritwas.8.Doyouunderstand______theteacherissaying?9.Hetoldus__________________hehaddoneit.10.Youshouldkeepinmind______I’vetoldyou.11.Canyoutellme_______Ishouldchoose?(that)whether(that)if/whetherwherewherewhosewhatwhy/whatwhichhow/when\nPracticeII：选择正确的语序：1. Idon’tknow___________.A.whothatmanisB.whoisthatman2. Canyoutellme_______nearhere?A.isthereabookstoreB.ifthereisabookstore3.Ican’thearclearly________.A.whatistheteachersayingB.whattheteacherissaying4.I’llshowyou_______inmynotebook.A.thatIhavewrittenB.whatIhavewritten5.Heaskedme__________.A.whereIliveB.wheredidIliveC.whereIlived\nPracticeIII：完成句子：Ibelieve_________________________________(你考试会及格).Doyouhear______________________(他什么时候到达)?3.Canyouguess____________________________(他正想什么)?4.Canyoutellme_____________________________(他服了哪种药)?5.Doyouremember______________________________________________(教师昨天在班上说的)?(that)youwillpasstheexamwhenhewillarrivewhatheisthinking(about)whichmedicinehehastakenwhattheteachersaidinclassyesterday\nPracticeIII：完成句子：6.Doyouknow_______________________(他是谁的孩子)?7.Iwonder_____________________________(他把钥匙放在哪儿).8.I’mnotsure______________________________(他是否会成功).9.I’llneverforget_____________________________(你昨晚告诉我的).10.Heasked_________________________________(他们要在什么地方举行晚会).whosechildheiswherehehasputthekeywhetherhewillsucceedornotwhatyoutoldmelastnightwheretheywouldholdtheparty\nL20\n表语从句thePredictiveClause\nHeisaboy.Theboyishandsome.Hisbiggesthobbyiscollectingcoins.Myjobistolookafterthesechildren.Thestorysoundstrue.Thefactisthattheyfailed.Myquestioniswhenhedidit.Theproblemiswhethertheycanfinishitontime.表语及表语从句：找出句中表语：作表语的有：名词、形容词、动名词、不定式和从句。位置:联系动词后表语从句:作表语的从句\n在句中作表语的从句,对主语进行解释、说明。名词性从句be,look,seem,sound等构成:主语+系动词+表语从句表语从句\n观察下列复合句中的表语从句以及连接词:*Myideaisthatwe’llallgoexceptLili.*Thefactisthatshedidn’tcometoschool.*Myopinionisthatweshoulddoitourselves.*Itlooksasifitweregoingtorain.*Thequestioniswhetherweshouldaskthemforhelp.*That’swhatweshoulddo.*Thequestionishowwecangetthere.*Thatiswhyhedidn’tpasstheexam.仿佛是否所…的如何…的原因thatwe’llallgoexceptLilithatshedidn’tcometoschoolthatweshoulddoitourselvesasifitweregoingtorainwhetherweshouldaskthemforhelpwhatweshoulddohowwecangettherewhyhedidn’tpasstheexam\nbe,look,seem,sound等that-从句whether-从句asif-/becausewh-从句Summary:表语从句主语+系动词+表语从句\n表语从句：在句中充当表语的从句表语从句的位置：在系动词之后引导表语从句的连词：1.that:无词意,不能省表明确无疑的事实2.whether“是否”不能省,不充当句子成份3.wh-words有词意,不能省,充当句子成份4.what:充当句子成分“所..的“5.because,asif也可以引导表语从句\n表语从句注意要点：1.引导词that一般不能省略：Mysuggestionisthatweshouldleaveatonce.2.固定句型：(1)Thereasonforhissuccessisthathenevergivesup.(2)Itseemsasifit’sgoingtorain.Helooksasifhewereill.\n1)翻译下列句子：1.Myideaisthatweshouldholdameeting.我的意见是我们应该开个会2.Thequestioniswhatwewilldowiththerubbish..问题是我们将如何处理这些垃圾。3.Thequestioniswhetherhewillacceptmyadvice.问题是他是否接受我的建议。4.Thatiswhyshewaslate.那就是她迟到的原因。5.Thatiswherehewasborn.就是他出生的地方。6.That’swhathetoldmeattheparty.那正是他在晚会上所告诉我的。7.That’showhecaughtthelasttrain.他就是这样赶上末班火车的。8.Thisisbecausetheygrowupinaculturewhichtellsthemit’sgoodtocontrolfeelings.这是因为\nPractice:1.Thetruthis________hecheatedintheexam.2.Thatis__________LuXunusedtolive.3.Thefactis___________theyfailed.4.Theproblemis___________theycanfinishitontime.5.Myquestionis_______________hedidit.6.Whatshewantstoknowis________dresssheshouldbuy.7.Whatpuzzlesusis________wecanimproveourEnglish.2)用适当的连接词填空：thatwherethatwhetherwhen/whichhowhow/why\nPractice:8.Hearrivedlate,thatis_______hemissedthefirstbus.9.Helooks______hekneweverythingabouttheUS.10.Thatisnot________Iwanttomean.11.Thereasonforhisabsenceis______heisillinbed.12.Gotogetyourkey.It’s_______youleftityesterday.13.Shenzhenisnot_______itusedtobe10yearsago.2)用适当的连接词填空：becauseasifwhatthatwherewhat\nThat’s_______________________(我们所担心的).Thequestionis__________________________(谁去谁留).Thequestionis___________________________(他们是否能及时做完此事).Thetroubleis____________________________(我忘了要告诉他这件事).Thisis___________________(他如何成功的)whatweareworriedaboutwhowillgoandwhowillstaywhethertheycanfinishitintimethatIhaveforgottentotellhimthishowhesucceeded.Complete:成功是一瞬间的事情。\n7.Thatis____________________(她迟到的原因).8.Thatis____________________(他出生的地方).9.Myideais______________________________________(我们应该找更多的人来做这项工作)。10.Theimportantthingis__________________________________(我们如何提高我们的英语).11.Hecameherelate._______________________________.(那是因为他没赶上车)whyshewaslatewherehewasbornthatweshouldgetmorepeopletodothisworkhowweimproveourEnglishThatwasbecausehemissedthebus.Thereasonwhyhecamelateisthathemissedthecar.\n表语从句必背句子:11.Thereasonwhyheislateisthathemissedthefirstbus.他迟到的原因是他错过了头班车.\n同位语从句theAppositiveClause\nThisisMr.Wang,ourmonitor.WeChinesepeoplewillneverforgetit.MysisterMarywillcometoChinasoon.IloveBeijingourcapital.Thenewsthattheywoncameatlast.Thequestionwhyhedidithasnotbeenanswered.Theyhaven’tmentionedthepossibilitythatwemaysharerooms.同位语及同位语从句：找出句中的同位语：作同位语的主要有：名词、和从句。位置:名词或代词后同位语从句:作同位语的从句\n同位语从句：跟在名词后面，说明或解释前面名词的内容的从句。常在下列名词后：fact,idea,news,suggestion,question,thought,possibility,promise,hope,引导同位语从句的连词：1.that:无词意,不能省，2.whether“是否”不能省,3.wh-words有词意,不能省,\n1.ThenewsthatwearegoingtotheUSisnottrue.2.Ican’tacceptthefactthattheyaretraitors(叛徒).3.Hekeptthepromisethathewouldbuymeabike.4.Ihavenoideawhetherhewillwin.5.Thequestionwhenwecangobackhasnotbeenanswered.我们要去美国的那个消息不是真的。我无法接受他们是叛徒的那个事实。他履行了为我买自行车的那个诺言。我不知道他是否会赢。我们什么时候能回去的问题还没回答。\n1.Ihavenoidea______________________(他什么时候回来).2.Thenews_________________________(他入党的)istrue.3.Hedidn’tkeepthepromise_____________________________(他为我买台电脑）4.Isthereanypossibility____________________(我们今天不测验)?5.Whydon’tyouanswerusthequestion______________________(你是怎样获得那张照片的)?Complete:whenhewillcomebackthathehasjoinedthePartythathewouldbuymeacomputerthatwedon’thaveatesthowyougotthatphoto\n名词性从句小结：\n1.大部分连词及功用都相同：1)that2)whether/if3)wh-words2.语序相同：都是陈述句的语序。3.that引导名词性从句(除宾语从句外),一般都不要省略。名词性从句小结：1)主语从句2)表语从句3)宾语从句4)同位语从句共同点：1.whether和if的使用有区别:1)whether可以和ornot直接连用,而if不能2)引导主语从句在句首时,只能用whether,3)if不用于表语从句或同位语从句,4)whether可用于不定式前,介词后,if不能,2.引导表语从句的连词还有:asif/because/等。不同点：\n1.WhatIhavenowwillbeyours.(主语从句）2.Ican’tbelievewhathesaid.（宾语从句）3.Thisiswhatwewant.（表语从句）我们所需要的是时间。这正是他们所希望的。我不会忘记你所说的。what=一个名词+一个定语从句，引导的从句在句中起名主词作用(主，宾，表）(“所…….的”)what名词性从句小结：Whatweneedistime.Thisiswhattheyhopefor.I’won’tforgetwhatyousaid.\n1.WhateverIhavenowwillbeyours.2.Ican’tbelievewhateverhesaid.3.Whoeverleaveslastmustturnoffthelight.4.Hewillhelpwhoeverneedshishelp.5.Givethistowhomeveryoumeetinthestreet.6.Readwhicheverbookyoulike.whatever引导名词性从句(主要是主语/表语从句)whoeverwhomeverwhoseverwhicheverwhat名词性从句小结：=any+n+一个定语从句，(“任何/无论一个...的+n”)\nif表“是否”词义时,是宾语从句(从句中可用将来时)if表“如果”词义时,是条件状语从句,(从句中用现在时表将来)Idon’tknowifhewillcometomorrow.(宾语从句)Ifhecomestomorrow,Iwilltellyou.(条件状语从句)Heaskedmeifwe_______(come)backsoon.I’llbehappyifhe_______(come)backsoon.区别if引导的从句:wouldcomecomes