初中英语语法总结 9页

A1,arriveat/in+地点.getto+地点.reach+地点到达2agreetodosth同意做某事agreewithsb同意某人观点3allowsbtodosth允许某人做某事(sb.)beallowedtodosth(某人)被允许做某事4allkindsof各种各样akindof一种…5allovertheworld=thewholeworld整个世界6Assoonas一...就...7asksbforsth向某人什么8avoiddoingsth避免做某事9asksbtodosth询问某人某事asksbnottodo叫某人不要做某事10attheageof在……岁时eg：IamsixteenIamattheageofsixteen11atthebeginningof…………的起初；……的开始12attheendof+地点/+时间最后；尽头；末尾eg:Attheendoftheday13affordtobuy买得起B1．beafraidofdoingsth.=beafraidtodosth害怕做某事2bydoingsth通过做某事的方法/依据此事做某事3.bebusydoingsth忙于做某事4.bytheway顺便说5beableto(+v原)=can(+v原）能够……6beangrywithsb生某人的气eg:Don'tbeangrywithme7beas…原级…as和什么一样eg:Sheisastallasme她和我一样高8beawayfrom从……离开9bebadfor对什么有害eg:Readingbooksinthesunisbadforyoureyes在太阳下看书对你的眼睛不好10beborn出生于11bebusydoingsth忙于做什么事bebusywithsth忙于……12becareful当心；小心=lookout=watchout13bedifferentfrom……和什么不一样14befamousfor以……著名befamousas作为...而出名15befriendlytosb对某人友好16befrom=comefrom来自eg：HeisfromBejingHecomesfromBejingIshefromBejing?DoeshecomefromBejing?17befullof装满……的befilledwith充满eg:theglassisfullofwatertheglassisfilledwithwater18begoingto+v(原）将来时19begoodat=dowellin在某方面善长,善于……20begoodfor对什么有好处eg:ReadingaloudisgoodforyourEnglish21behappytodo很高兴做某事22behelpfultosb对某人有好处8\n23beingoodhealth身体健康24beintrouble处于困难中eg:SheisintroubleTheyareintronble25beinterestedinsth/doingsth对某方面感兴趣26belatefor=eg:Belateforclass上课迟到27belike像……eg:I'mlikemymother28bemadatsb生某人的气29bemadefrom由……制成(制成以后看不见原材料)30bemadeof由……制成(制成以后还看得见原材料)31beonavisitto参观32bepopularwithsb受某人欢迎33bequiet安静34beshortfor表**的缩写eg:陶isshortfor陶俊杰35besickinbed生病在床36besorrytodosth/besorryforsbeg:Iamsorryforyoubesorrytohearthatbesorrytotroublesb抱歉打扰某人eg:Iamsorrytotroubleyou37bestrictwithsb对某人要求严格64besupposedtodo应该做某事38besureofsth/doingsth对做某事有信心eg:I'msureofmyhead(myteacher我相信我的大脑（老师）39besurethat确信eg:I'msuerthathecanpassthetest我相信他能通过考试40besuretodosth一定会做某事eg:Wearesuretopassthetest我们一定会通过这次考试WearesuretolearnEnglishwell我们一定能学好英语41beusedtodoingsth习惯做某事eg:Myfatherisusedtogettingupearly我爸爸习惯早Heisusedtosleepinginclass他习惯上课睡觉42beworthdoing值得做什么43because+句子becauseof+短语eg:HewaslatebecausehehadaheadacheHewaslatebecauseofhisheadache44begintodo=starttodo开始做某事start…with…=begin…with…以什么开始什么eg:Let'sbeginthegamewiththesongIbegintogohome45between…and…两者之间46borrowsthfromsb从……借……lendsthtosb(lendsbsth借给……什么东西eg:Iborrowedapenfromhimhelentapentome(helentmeapen47bytheendof到……为止48Belongto属于49bepleasedwith对…感到满意50beproudof以…自豪51byoneself单独,独自C1chatwithsb和某人闲谈2comein进3comeupwith提出eg:Canyoucomeupwithagoodidea你能想出一个好办法吗？8\n4Catchupwithsb赶上某人5communicatewithsb和某人交流6consider+doing考虑做什么eg:Whynotconsidergoingtoluzhou为什么不考虑去泸州？1Ddanceto随着……跳舞eg:Shelikesdancingtothemusic她喜欢随着音乐跳舞2dowrong做错3decidetodosth决定做某事E1each+名（单）每一个…eg:Eachstudenthasmanybooks每一个学生都有一些书2enjoy+doing喜欢3escapefrom从……逃跑eg:Theprisonershaveescapedfromtheprison犯人从监狱里逃跑出来4eventhough=evenif即使、虽然、尽管5.Eitheror两者中的任何一个Neithernor两者都不是Bothand两者都是notonly…butalso…不但…而6expecttodosth期待做某事7.encouragesbtodosth鼓励某人做某事F1falldown摔下来falloff从哪摔下来2fallinlovewithsb/sth爱上什么3farfrom离某地远eg:Theschoolisfarfrommyhome4find+it+adj+todo发现做某事怎么样5findsb/sth+adj发现什么怎么样eg:Ifindthebookinteresting6finish+doing完成做某事7forgettodo没有做而忘了forgetdoing做了而又忘了eg:Don'tforgettogohomeIforgetclosingdoor8from…to…从某某到某某eg:Frommeforher9failtodosth做某事失败G1get/havesthdown让某事完成…eg:Ihavemyhaircut我理了发(头发被剪了）Tomgothisbadtoothpulledout汤母把他的坏牙拔掉了（被牙医拔掉了）2getalongwellwithsb=getonwellwithsb与某人相处得好getonwellwithsth=某事进展的顺利3getalongwithsb=getonwithsb与某人相处4getreadyfor=bereadyfor为什么而准备eg:IgetreadyformathIamreadyformath5getsthfromsb/sp从某人或某处得到某物6givesthtosb=givesbsth给某人某物7gofishing钓鱼goswimming游泳8goontodo去做下一件事goondoing继续做这件事8\n9.giveupdoingsth放弃做某事10gotoschool上学（用于专业的）gototheschool去学校（不一定是上学）11geton/offthebus上/下车H1havebeento…(地方）……去过某过地方已回来havegoneto…（地方）去了某地还没回来2havefun+doing玩得高兴3havesthtodo有什么事要做eg:Ihavealotofhomeworktodo我有很多家庭作业要做Ihavenothingtodo我没什么事情做4havetodosth必须做某事5havetrouble(in)doingsth做什么事情有麻烦6have…(时间)…off放……假eg:Ihaveamonthoff我请一个月得假7hearsb+do/doing听见某人做某事/正在做某事8．havetroubledoingsth焦虑于做某事9.howtodosth怎么去做某事10．hadbetterdosth最好做某事hadbetternotdosth最好不要做某事11.hopetodosth希望做某事12.helpsbtodosth.=helpsbwithsth帮助某人做某事helpsbdosth13haveagood/wonderful/great/time玩得开心14helpsbwithsth帮助某人某事（某方面）helpsb(to)dosth帮助某人做某事I1itistimetodosth是该时间做某事2.invitesbtodosth邀请某人去做某事3intheend=finally最后=atlast4inthenorthof…什么在什么的北方（north北sowth南west西east东）5inthesun在太阳下6increase增加eg:They'veincreasedthepreceofpetrolby3%他们把石油价增加了3%thepopulationhasincreasedfrom12milliontenyearsagoto18millionnow7insteadof+（名）代替eg:I'dlikeanappleinsteadofapear我想要苹果，而不要梨子IlikeEnglishinsteadofmath我喜欢英语而不喜欢数学8introducesbtosb介绍某人给某人introduceoneself自我介绍9invitesbtodosth邀请某人做某事10Ittakessbsometimetodosth做某人花掉某人多少时间eg:Ittookme5minutestodomyhomeworkIttakesmehalfanhourtocook11It's+adj+todo做某事怎么样12It's+adjforsbtodosth对于某人来说怎么样形容词用来修饰事情It's+adjofsbtodosth对某人来说太怎么样形容词用来修饰人eg:It'sniceofyoutohelpmewithmyEnglish13It'stimetodosth。It'stimeforsth到了该去做某事的时间8\neg:It'stimetohaveclassIt'stimeforclass该去上课了14inone'sopinion=sbthink某人认为J1join加入一群人或一个组织takepartin参加活动2justnow刚才K1keepsb/sthadj让……保持……eg:Iwanttokeepmymotherhappykeephealthy保持健康.keep(on)doingsth.继续做某事keepsbdoing让某人一直做某事keepsbfromdoing不让某人做某事keep/stop/prevent…(from)doingsth.防止(阻止)…做某事L1laughat…取笑……eg:Don'tlanghatothersWelanghedatthejoke2learnbyoneslfe自学3learnfromsb向某人学习eg:WeshouldlearnfromLeiFeng4learntodosth学做某事5letsbdosth让某人做某事6Letsbdown让某人失望eg：Weshouldn'tletourfarentsdown我们不应该让我们的父母失望.7lovetodosth暂时性地喜欢去做某事同like用法lovedoingsth指一直都很喜欢做某事同like用法8livein+大地方/at+小地方居住在某地eg:IliveinShanghai.Shelivesatthesmallvillage.9lookafter=takecareof照顾照看10loseone'sway谁迷路eg:Loseyourway你迷路11.lookfor寻找find找到findout搞清楚，弄明白.looklike看起来像lookup向上看,查单词lookaround环视，四处看lookforwardto期望12liketodosth暂时性地喜欢去做某事同love用法likedoingsth指一直都很喜欢做某事同love用法13.listentosthM1makeadecisiontodosth决定做某事=decidetodosth2makefriendswithsb和谁成为朋友eg:Iwanttomakefriendswithyou3makesb/sth+n使什么成为什么eg:ImadehermystepmollerImadeyoumywife4makesb/sth+adj使某人（某物）怎么样eg:Youmustmadeyourbedclean5makesbdosth让某人做某事eg:Imadehimwrite我以前让他写6makeup组成bemadeupof(被动语态）由……组成7minddoingsth/mindone'sdoing介意……做什么8\n8muchtoo+形容词toomuch+不可数名词9managetodosth.想方设法去做某事N1needtodo(实义动词）needdo(情态动词）2notanymore=nomore再也不……eg:Hedidn'tcryanymoreHecriednomore他再也不哭3not…atall一点都不4not…either表否定，也不eg:Idon'tjapanseeitherIdon'thavesister,either我也没有姐姐5not…until直到……才……eg:Ididn'tsleepuntilmymothercamebackThechilddidn'tstopcryinguntilIgivehersugarO1offersbsth(offersthtosb提供什么东西给某人eg:Iofferyouwater(Iofferwatertoyou我给你提供水2ontime准时intime及时3oneof+可数名词的复数形式4overandoveragin一遍又一遍的eg:Hecleanedtheflooroverandoveragin5onthewayto…到某地的路上onone'swayto...P1providesbwithsth给某人提供2part-timejob兼职工作full-timejob全职工作3payfor…付……钱4please+do5practice+doing练习做某事6prefersthtosth相对……更喜欢……eg:Ipreferphysicstochemisty在物理和化学中，我更喜欢物理preferdoingsthtodiongsth更喜欢去做…不愿意去做…eg:Heprefersridingabiketodiving他更喜欢骑自行车，不开小车prefertodosthratherthandosth宁愿做…也不愿eg:Myundepreferstobuyanowcarratherthanrepaivtheusedone我叔叔更喜欢买新的车，也不去修旧车prefersbnottodosth更愿意…eg:Ipreferhernottocome我不喜欢她不来7pretendtodosth装着去做什么pretendthat从句eg:Thetwocheatspretendedtobeworkingveryhard这两个骗子装着努力工作Hepretendedthathedidnotknowtheanswer他装着不知道答案8promisetodo承诺做某事8\nR1rather…than宁可……也不……eg:Iwouldratherbeadoctorthanateacher我愿肯当医生，也不当老师Helikesdogsratherthancats他喜欢狗，不喜欢猫2regard…as把……当作……eg:Pleasegivemybestregardstoyourfamily请带我向你的家人我最好的问候Iregardyouasmyfriend我把你当作我的朋友Heshowslittleregardforothers他不爱关心别人3remidsbtodosth提醒某人做某事eg:heremidsmeaboutcooking(heremidsmetocook他提醒我做饭4remidsbofsth使某人想起什么eg:thepicturesremindmeofmyschooldays这照片使我想起了我的学校5returnsthtosb还什么东西给某人6refusetodosth拒接做某事S1saygoodbye/hello/notosb对某人说2sbspendsomemoney/sometimeonsth花了多少钱在某事上3sbspendsomemoney/sometime(in)doingsth花了多少时间做某事4seesbdo看见某人做过某事seesbdoing看见某人正在做某事5seemtodo/be+adj显得怎么样eg:YouseemtobetiredYouseemtobehappy6sendsbsth送给某人某物sendsthtosb把什么寄给某人？7showsbsth向某人展示某物eg:Ishowherthebook.81showsbsth=showsthtosb拿什么东西给某人看eg:ShowmeyourpenShowyourpentome9some…others…一些……另一些……10start…with…从……开始begin…with…从……开始11stayawayfrom远离……eg:We'retoldtostayawayfromtheanimalswhevisitingthezoo当我们参观zoo时，我们要远离动物Ifyouwanttoloseweightyou'dbetterstayauayfromthesweetfood徒工你想减肥，你最好远离甜食12stopdoing停下正在做的事stoptodo停下正在做的事去做下一件事13stopsbfromdoingsth阻止某人做某事14stopsb(from)doing阻止某人做某事15suitsb适合某人16showsbsth=showsthtosb给某人看某物17.suggestdoingsth.建议做某事18sthis/goeswrongwithsth某物出问题T1toone'ssurprise令某人惊奇2takeclasses上课3takesbtosp把某人带去某地eg:Itakeyoutothehospital4takewalks=takeawalk＝goforawalk散步8\ntalkaboutsth讨论...talkwith/tosb和某人说话talktosb5teachsbsth教某人做某事6tellsbsth告诉某人某事tellsthtosb7tellsbtodosth告诉某人做什么tellsbnottodosth告诉某人不要做什么8thankyoufor+doing9thesame…(名)…asas…(adjadv)…as相同10thewaytodosth＝thewayofdoingst做某方面的方法thewayto+地方去哪的路eg:DoyouknowthewaytolearnEnglishDoyouknowthewayoflearningEnglish11too…to…太怎样而不能……adj+enoughto足够…能…so…that+丛句eg:Heistooyoungtogotoschool=Heissoyoungthathecan'tgotoschoolHeisoldenoughtogotoschool＝Heissooldthathecangotoschool12tryone'sbesttodosth尽某人最大的努力去做某事eg:IwilltrymybesttolearnEnglishwelltrytodosth努力做某事trydoingsth想干什么，已经做过了eg：Hetriedtoclimb他想爬上去，但没成功Hetriedclimbing他想爬上去，已经做过了haveatry试一下13turndown开小←→turnup开大turnoff关上←→turnon打开W1waitforsb等某人！2wanttodosth想要做某事3warnsb（not）todosth警告某人做某事4worryabout担心=beworriedabout5What’swrongwithsb?某人发生什么事？某人怎么了？=what’sthematterwithsb?=what’sthetroublewithsb?=what’sup?8\n1how和what引导的感叹句a．可数名词单数Whatafinedaysheis!Howfinethedayis!b.可数名词复数whatbeautifulflowerstheyare！Howbeautifultheflowersare！c．不可数名词whatgoodwhetheritis！Howgoodthewhetheris！2if:是否＝whetherwhether...OrnotWhethertodosth介词+whether3if:如果，主将从现eg:I'llgotoLuZhouifitdoes'train假如明天不下雨，我就去泸州Iftheychangetheplantheywillletmeknow假如他们要改变计划，他们会让我知道的I'llgotoEngland,ifIhaveenoughmoneynextyear如果我明年由足够的钱，我就要去英国4so和such区别so+形容词/副词+that如此……以至于such+形容词+名词+that如此……以至于a．若such后加单数可数名词，可以用so来替换suchabeautifulgirl=sobeautifulagirlb．若名词用fewmanymuchlittle等表示数量的词修饰时，用sosomanypeoplethat5表示建议的句子Whynotdosth?=Whydon'tyoudosth?Let'sdosth.Wouldyouliketodosth?你想要做某事吗Howabout(+doing)=Whatabout(+doing)做某事怎么样9