初中英语情态动词详解 4页

情态动词◆情态动词的定义：表示说话人对某一动作或状态的态度。◆情态动词的特点：1.后接动词原形2.没有人称和数的变化3.变否定句直接加not.4.变一般疑问句直接将情态动词提前。◆常用的情态动词：can/could,may/might,will/would,shall/should,must,need,etc.(注意：need有两种用法)u情态动词的用法：1.can和could的用法⑴表示能力。（could可作为can的过去）Eg.She_____speakEnglishnow./She_______speakEnglishattheageoffive.⑵表示可能性。（对现在可能发生事情的推测）Eg.Anybody______makemistake./He_______beathome.(否定推测)(3)表示请求。（could比can更委婉）Eg.______Iuseyourroom?/________Iuseyourroom?(更委婉)2.may和might的用法。⑴表示请求。（might比may语气更委婉。）Eg.______Iuseyourdictionary.⑵表示可能性。Eg.He______beright.⑶表示祝愿。Eg._____yousuccess!/_____allyourdreamscometrue.3.will(won’t)和shall(shan’t)的用法：⑴表将来：will可用于各种人称，而shall只能用于第一人称I/we.⑵shall用在一般疑问句中表示提建议。Eg.Jane_______joininthelongjump,whileI________takepartinthehighjump.---________wegoforapicnicthisweekend?---Goodidea!4.must的用法。⑴表示必须。（否定式mustn’t表示“禁止”。）Eg.You_______returnittome./You_________smokeintheoffice.⑵表示肯定的推测（一般用于肯定句中）Eg.Thelightisstillon,sohe______beathome.（对现在肯定的推测）Isawhimjustnow,sohe_________beinLondon.(对现在否定的推测)◆注意：①在回答包含must的问句时，若是肯定回答可用must;若为否定回答，用needn’t或don’thaveto,表示“不必”。Eg.MustItakemycamera?---Yes,you_______.---No,you__________./No,you__________________.\n①Must和haveto的区别：两者都有“必须”之意。但must表示说话人的主观意志，haveto表示客观的需要。Eg.Youmuststayathometonight./Ihavetostayathometonight.1.need的用法。①作情态动词用表示“需要”。(拥有情态动词所有特点)Eg.She________cleantheclassroom./She________cleantheclassroom.(否定)②作实义动词用表示“需要”。（此时need就像其他动词一样，有人称和数的变化，固定搭配：needtodosth.）Eg.She___________takepartinthesportsmeet.She_______________takepartinthesportsmeet.(否定)u半情态动词：haveto(具有以下特征：)1._____________________________2._____________________________3._____________________________Eg.Mymom____________cookforuseveryday.(我妈妈每天得为我们做饭)He___________________cookhimself.(他不用自己做饭。)随堂练习一.句型转化1.---MustIfinishmyhomeworknow?(作否定回答)---No,_________________./No,______________________________.2.Kangkangneedcleantheclassroomhimself.(变否定句)Kangkang________________theclassroomhimself.3.JackhastoreturnthisbookthisFriday.(变否定句)Jack_____________________returnthisbookthisFriday.4.Myfriendwillcookabigdinnerthedayaftertomorrow.(划线提问)________________yourfriend______thedayaftertomorrow?5.Shecanplaybaseballnow.(用threeyearsago改写)She______________baseballthreeyearsago.二．用适当的情态动词填空。1.I_________goclimbingwithmyfathertomorrowafternoon.I’mnotsure.2.You_________(not)playwithknives.It_________hurtyou..3.You___________finishyourhimeworkbeforeyouplaycomputergames.4.We_________saynotodrugs.5.You_________(not)takeyourcamerathere.Mike_______takehis.6.I_________(not)dothisworkmyself._________youhelpme?\n7.He__________(not)betherenow.Isawhimcrossingthestreettenminutesago.8.________youbehappyforever.9.________wetakemorewarmclotheswithus?10.Listen!Thereissomeonesingingintheroom.That________beTina.Shelikessingingbest.三．选择正确答案。1.---Ihearyougotanewphone._______Ihavealook?---Yes,certainly.A.MayB.DoC.ShallD.Must2.---Ican'tstopplayingcomputergames.---Foryoureyes,mydearfriend,I’mafraidyou________.A.mayB.canC.mustD.will3.---Mum,mustIstaytherethewholeday?---No,you_______.You______comebackafterlunch,ifyoulike.A.mustn’t;canB.needn’t;mustC.mustn’t;shouldD.needn’t;may4.---IsMariaknockingatthedoor?---It________beher.SheisinAustralianow.A.maynotB.needn’tC.mustn’tD.can’t5.---MayIplaycomputernow?---No,you_________.A.mustnotB.maynotC.don'thavetoD.shouldn’t6.Hismotherisilltoday.Sohe_______tostayathometolookafterher.A.mayB.mustC.havetoD.hasto7.---I______takepartinthelongjumpthisweekend.---_______yousuccess!A.need;WillB.will;MayC.may;MustD.need;Should8.Youhadbetter________thereonfoot.It’sveryfar.A.goB.notgoC.togoD.nottogo\n