初中英语动词时态复习 8页

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  • 2022-08-13 发布

初中英语动词时态复习

  • 8页
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_____________________________3我昨天买了一辆新自行车。________________________________________________________2.动词过去式的规则变化:构成规则动词原形动词过去式一般在动词原形末尾加-ed,lookplayworklookedplayedworked结尾是e的动词在末尾加-dlikelivelikedlived词尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节,此辅音字母,再加-edplanstopplannedstopped词尾是“辅音字母+y”的动词,先变“y”为“i”再加-edstudyworrystudiesworries写出下列动词的过去式形式。1.put________2.drink_______3.cry_______4.pull________5.ride________6.begin________7.sit________8.run_________9.take_________10.sweep_______11.stop_______12.solve_______13.rob________14.wait_________15.lie_________16.turn_______17.explore_______18.drop_______19.clean______20.produce_____21.get__________22.laugh________23.pay________24.die_________25.prefer______III.一般将来时1.一般将来时的构成:(1)助动词will+动词原形(在疑问句中,主语为第一人称时,常用助动词shall):表示将来某时要发生的动作或存在的状态。例:She’llgotoplaybasketball.她要去打篮球。Shallwegotothezoo?我们要去动物园吗?I'llmeetyouattheschoolgatetomorrowmorning.(2)begoingto+不定式,表示按计划,安排要发生的事。例:Whatareyougoingtodotomorrow?明天打算作什么呢?表示确信如此或有迹象表明某事即将发生。例如:Lookatthedarkclouds,thereisgoingtobeastorm.看那乌云,快要下雨了。(3)be+V-ing,表示按计划或安排要发生的动作。注意:这类动词通常是表位置移动的终止性动词(come,go,arrive,leave,start,begin,return等)。例:I'mleavingtomorrow.明天我要走了。巩固练习:1.Mrs.Brownisgoingtobuyadigitalcamera.(对划线部分提问)\n________________________________________________________2.SamwillvisitBrazilnextweek.(变成一般疑问句并否定回答)________________________________________________________4.他们今晚要去看足球赛。________________________________________________________IV.现在进行时1.结构:am/is/are+动词的现在分词2.动词V-ing的构成形式规则原形-ing形式一般在动词原形末尾加-inglistenspendlisteningspending以不发音字母e结尾的动词,先去掉e,再加-inghavepreparehavingpreparing以重读闭音节结尾的动词,如果末尾只有一个辅音字母,应先双写这个辅音字母,再加-ingsitbeginrunsittingbeginningrunning以ie为重读音节结尾的动词,先去掉e,把i改为y,再加-ingliedielyingdying以er结尾的动词,如是重读音节结尾,先双写r,再加-ing;反之,则直接加-ingpreferwaterpreferringwatering写出下列动词的现在分词形式。1、win2、relax3、jump4、make5、have6、talk7、tie8、cheer9、enjoy10、cry11、come12、fit3.现在进行时的用法:(1)表示现在说话时正在发生或进行的动作。例:Wearewaitingforyounow.我们正在等你。(2)与always,constantly,forever等词频度副词连用,往往带有感情色彩。例:Youarealwayschangingyourmind.你老是改变主意。(责备)Sheisalwayshelpingothers.她总是乐于助人。(表扬)巩固练习:1、BruceoftenwriteslettersinEnglish.(用now改写句子)________________________________________________________2、Theyaresurfing.(对划线部分提问)________________________________________________________3、瞧,那些孩子们玩的真高兴!________________________________________________________4、这些天工人们一直在尽力修补那些坏了的帐篷。________________________________________________________用所给动词的正确形式填空。1.UncleWangusually_______(go)toworkbybike.2.Bequiet!Thepatient____________(sleep).3、Look,anumberofYoungPioneers_______________(plant)treesoverthere.4、Emilyoften_______(help)hermother_________(wash)clothesonSunday.\n5、______(notbe)afraid,I____________(show)youhowtoreachthestation.6、What______you______________(do)thedayaftertomorrow?7、There________(be)animportantmeetingintwodays.8、Myaunt(join)thePartyin1995.V.过去进行时1.结构:was/were+动词的现在分词(--ing)2.过去进行时的用法:(1)表示在过去某时刻正在进行或发生的动作,通常与确切的过去时间状语连用。例:Atthismomentyesterday,Iwaspackingforcamp.(2)在时间状语从句中,例:Itwasrainingwhentheyleftthestation.他们离开车站时,正下着雨。 Whileitwasraining,theyleftthestation.(3)sbwas/weredoingsthwhen…表示正“在做某事,突然…”例:Iwaswalkingdownthestreetwhenitrained.我正走在大街上,突然下雨了。巩固练习:1、Mary___adresswhenshecutherfinger. A.made B.ismaking C.wasmaking D.makes2、Asshe___thenewspaper,Granny___asleep.A.read;wasfalling B.wasreading;fell C.wasreading;wasfalling D.read;fellVI.现在完成时1.结构:助动词have/has+过去分词2.写出下列动词的过去分词形式:bringcatchdofindeatgetforgetcutpayknowbuyseecomesleepspendtell3.现在完成时的用法(1)表示过去发生的事情或进行的动作,终止于过去,对现在造成的影响。句中动词通常是短暂性动词。例如:Haveyouevercookedathome?你吃晚饭了吗?Youhavealreadygrownmuchtaller.你已经长高了许多。(2)表示从过去开始持续到现在,并可能延续。往往和表示一段时间的时间状语连用,如:for+一段时间;since+过去时间点或从句。(Since用来说明动作起始时间,for用来说明动作延续时间长度),提问用Howlong.例如:Ithasbeenfiveyearssincehejoinedthearmy.他参军五年了。TheyhavelearnedEnglishforeightyears.他们已学了八年的英语了。(3)注意的问题:短暂性的动词(appear,begin,borrow,lend,buy,close,come,die,fall,find,finish,join,kill,leave,sell,stop)不能与延续性时间(一段时间)连用。例如:Hehasjoinedthearmyforfiveyears.(错误)Hehasbeeninthearmyforfiveyears.(正确)现在完成时不与具体的过去时间连用,如:yesterday,lastweek,in1998,twodaysago等。have/hasbeento和have/hasgoneto的区别:have/hasbeentohave/hasgoneto比较一般过去时与现在完成时\n一般过去时表示过去某时发生的动作或状态,强调动作,不和现在发生联系,常与具体的过去时间状语连用,如yesterday,lastweek,…ago,in1980,inOctober,justnow等,;现在完成时表示过去发生的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果,强调的是现在的情况,不能与表过去的时间壮语连用。Isawthisfilmyesterday.(强调看的动作发生过了)Ihaveseenthisfilm.(强调对现在的影响,电影的内容已经知道了)Whydidyougetupsoearly?(强调起床的动作已发生过了)HehasbeenaLeaguememberforthreeyears.(强调他是团员)巩固练习: 1、-Doyouknowourtownatall?  -No,thisisthefirsttimeI___here.A.was B.havebeen C.came D.amcoming2、-Haveyou____beentoourtownbefore? -No,it'sthefirsttimeI___here.A.even,come B.even,havecome  C.ever,come D.ever,havecome3、Doyouknow________? A.howlonghashelivedhereB.howlonghehaslivedhere C.hehaslivedherehowlongD.hehaslivedhowlonghereVII.过去完成时1.结构:助动词had+过去分词2.过去完成时的用法:表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已完成的行为或存在的状态。即发生的时间是过去的过去。常与“by/before+过去时间”构成的短语连用。例如:Thetrainhadalreadyleftbeforewearrived.在我到达之前,火车已经开走了。HesaidthathehadlearnedsomeEnglishbefore.他说过他以前学过一些英语。巩固练习:1.Youdon'tneedtodescribeher.I___herseveraltimes. A.hadmet B.havemet C.met D.meet2.---I'msorrytokeepyouwaiting. ---Oh,notatall.I___hereonlyafewminutes.A.havebeen B.hadbeen C.was D.willbe      3、Thestudents___busilywhenMissBrownwenttogetabookshe___intheoffice. A.hadwritten,left B,werewriting,hasleft C.hadwritten,hadleft D.werewriting,hadleft4、Mydictionary___,Ihavelookedforiteverywherebutstill___it. A.haslost,don'tfind  B.ismissing,don'tfind C.haslost,haven'tfound D.ismissing,haven'tfound.  l中考动词时态考点分析一、根据时间状语确定时态的原则l1.Hurryup!Theplayfortenminutes.(2002辽宁)lA.hasbegunB.hadbegunC.hasbeenonD.beganl[析]1.C。since后接时间的起点,for后接时间段,主句动词用现在完成时,应注意瞬间动词与延续性动词的使用。二、在复合句根据时态呼应确定时态的原则l2.Doyouknowifbacknextweek?Ifheback,pleaseletmeknow.\n(2002黑龙江)lA.hecomes;willcomeB.willhecome;comeslC.hewillcome;comesD.willhecome;willcomen[析]2.C。if既可引导宾语从句,也可引导状语从句。充当宾语从句的连接词时,相当于whether,词义是“是否”。充当状语从句的连接词时,词义是“如果”。从时态看,if引导宾语从句时谓语动词的时态应根据主句的时态作相应的变化;引导表示将来动作或状态的条件句时,若主句用一般将来时,则从句通常用一般现在时表示将来。一、根据上下文已有时态信息点确定时态的原则l3.–Whenthiskindofcomputer?l--Lastyear.(2002天津)lA.did;useB.was;usedC.is;usedD.are;usedl[析]3.B。此例由下句的时间状语推断出一般过去时态,并且要考虑到被动语态。二、利用上下文语意确定时态的原则l4.–Hi!LinTao.Ididn’tseeyouattheparty.l--Oh,Ireadyforthemathsexam.(2002江西)lA.amgettingB.wasgettingC.gotD.havegotl[析]4.B。此例由didn’t,attheparty推断出应用过去进行时。三、时态中的“特殊”对策的原则l5.TheteachertoldusyesterdaythatDecember25ChristmasDay.(2002辽宁)lA.isB.wasC.hasbeenD.willbel[析]5.A。有些动词其动词的时态是“违背常理”的。如宾语从句表示的是一个客观事实或客观真理时,其时态不受主句限制而用一般现在时表示。l中考真题训练1.Thepopulationoftheworld____still____now.(2009·甘肃兰州)A.has;grownB.is;growingC.will;growD.is;grown2.---Goodevening.I_______toseeMissMary.(2009·甘肃兰州)---Oh,goodevening.I’msorry,butsheisnotin.A.havecome  B.come C.cameD.hadcome3.IfirstmetLisathreeyearsagowhenwe_____ataradiostationtogether.(2009·甘肃兰州)A.haveworkedB.hadbeenworkingC.wereworkingD.hadworked4.Ifyoucarefully,youthereportwell.(2009·广州)A.willlisten;willbeunderstoodB.willlisten;understandC.listen;willunderstandD.listen;understand5.TheyabouteighthundredEnglishwordsbytheendoflastterm.(2009·广州)A.willlearnB.hadlearnedC.aregoingtolearnD.havelearned6.—Howdidtheaccidenthappen?(2009·广州)—Youknow,itdifficulttoseetheroadclearlybecauseit.\nA.was;wasrainingB.is;hasrainedC.is;israiningD.willbe;willrain7.Attention,please.ThereafootballgamebetweenChinaandKoreathisevening.A.isgoingtobeB.hasbeenC.hasD.willhave8.—Whatdoesyoursisterlikedoinginhersparetime?—ShewatchingTV.(2009·湖北武汉)A.likesB.likedC.haslikedD.hadliked9.—WhenJessytoNewYork?—Yesterday.(2009·湖北武汉)A.does;getB.did;getC.has;gotD.had;got10.—Howcleanthebedroomis!(2009·湖北武汉)—Yes,Iamsurethatsomeoneit.A.cleansB.cleanedC.hascleanedD.hadcleaned11.Myfriend______me.Ihavetoleavenow.(2009·河北)A.waitsforB.waitedforC.iswaitingforD.waswaitingfor12.BesuretoletTomknowthenoticeassoonashe______.(2009·河北)A.willarriveB.wasarrivingC.arrivesD.arrived13.I______thewrongthing.CanIuseyoureraser?(2009·河北)A.writeB.wroteC.amwritingD.willwrite14.---AreyougoingtohelpJohnwithhisChinesethisevening?(2009·山东威海)---NO,He______toEngland.Hewillbebacknextmonth.A.returnedB.hasreturnedC.returnsD.willreturn15.---Who’swonthefirstprizeinthecompetition?(2009·山东烟台)---Henry______.Hehas______itforaweek.A.is,wonB.is,gotC.has,hadD.has,beengiven16.---Isthistheplacethatyou______?(2009·四川成都)---No.I’veneverbeentherebefore.A.havevisitedB.willvisitC.arevisiting17.It______outside.You’dbettertakeanumbrellawithyou.(2009·江西)A.rainsB.israiningC.rainedD.hasrained18.---CanIhelpyou?(2009·江西)---Iboughtthiswatchhereyesterday,butit______work.A.won’tB.didn’tC.doesn’tD.wouldn’t19.IusedtolovethisfilmwhenIwasyoung,butI______itthatwayanymore.(2009·江苏南京)A.don’tfeelB.didn’tfeelC.haven’tfeltD.hadn’tfelt20.---How wasyourtrip to theancientvillage?(2009·湖北宜昌)---Fantastic!We___________to amuseum ofstrangestones.A.go B.wentC.aregoing D.will go21.—WhereisPeter?(2009·湖南娄底)—Hevolleyballwithhisfriendsintheschoolgym.A.playsB.playedC.isplaying22.---Hello!CanIspeaktoMr.White?(2009·江苏无锡)---Sorry,heisn’thererightnow.He______tothethemepark.A.willgoB.wasgoingC.hasgoneD.hasbeen23.---______you______yourdrawing?(2009·陕西绥德)\n---Notyet!Itwillbedoneinafewminutes. A.Did;finish B.Will;finish  C.Do;finish   D.Have;finished24.She______asananimaltrainersince2003.(2009.北京)A.hasworkedB.works   C.willwork   D.haveworked25.They______hertotheparty,soshewasveryhappy.(2009.北京)A.inviteB.invited   C.willinvite   D.areinviting26.Mr.Green______tothemanagernow.You’dbettercallhimlater.(2009.北京)A.talkB.talked   C.istalking   D.wastalking27.PrisonBreakisthebestAmericanTVplaythatI______theseyears.(2009.安徽)A.watchB.willwatch C.havewatched  D.waswatching28.---Alice,turndowntheTV,please.I_________onthephone.---Oh,sorry.(2009.安徽)A.havetalkedB.talked   C.amtalking   D.talk29.---WherearetheGreens,mayIask?(2009·吉林通化)---Well,they______toEngland.Theyhavebeentherefornearlyaweeknow.A.havebeenB.aregoingtoC.havegoneD.willgo30.Theteachers_______theofficeforafewminuteswhenwearrived.Wedidn’tmeetthem.A.hadbeenawayfromB.hadleftC.havebeenawayfromD.haveleft31.—Hasyourfatherfinishedhisreport?(2009·扬州)—Sorry,Idon’tknow.He___________itthismorning.A.waswritingB.wroteC.haswrittenD.hadwritten32.—It’stimefordinner.Whereisyourfather,Emma?—He______hisbikeintheyard.(2009·新疆阜康)A.cleanB.cleanedC.iscleaningD.willclean33.---Hi,I______youforalongtime.(2009·朝阳)---I________inBeijing.I’vejustcomeback.A.hadn’tseen;amB.haven’tseen;shallbeC.didn’tsee;willbeD.haven’tseen;was34.TodayisThursday,andTomlosthisbikelastSunday.Wemaysay“_____”.A.TomhaslosthisbikefourdaysagoB.TomhaslosthisbikeforfourdaysC.Tomlosthisbikeforfourdays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