初中英语介词的用法总结 4页

介词、意思是“用”的几个词介词有三个：in,with,by，在句首或句末作状语。1.in+language(English,Chinese,French,Japanese等),What’sthisinEnglish?InEnglish,it’sanorange.2.with+具体的工具(pen,pencil,knife等),单数名词前要加冠词。Iwanttowritewithapencil,andIdon’tlikewritewithapen.Chinesepeopleeatfoodwithchopsticks,butwesternpeopleliketoeatfoodwithknivesandforks.3.by+抽象的工具(e-mail,force,phone等)表方式或手段，名词前不用冠词;by+动名词或动名词短语(通过，靠，以)；by+交通工具(car,bus,bike)Sendthisletterbye-mail.Shelivesbysellingfruit.Mymothermakeslivingbyteaching.动词有一个：use;usesthtodosthChinesepeopleusechopstickstoeatfood.Weuseaknifetocut.二、in的用法1.．in+月份、年份；on+日子/星期/某个不确定的具体日子inMarch,in2014,inmarch2014onApril1,onMonday,onarainyday此外：inthemorning/afternoon/evening/night;inspring/summer/autumn/winteratnoon/night/midnightat8o’clock2.in+时间段(threedays,aweek等)在…之后，句子用将来时After+时间段(threedays,aweek等)在…之后，句子用过去时；after+时间点，句子用将来时Myfatherwillbebackinaweek.Myfathercamebackafteraweek.Iwillplaybasketballafterschool.Hewillbebackafterthreeo’clock.3.in+颜色+服装，意思是：穿着什么颜色的服装Thegirlisinaredskirt.Wehavegreensweatersinwhiteandred.4.in+地点，在…里面；intheeast/west/south/northof在…东、西、南、北，一地在某个地的范围内inthehouse;inthesky;intheeastKunmingisinthenorthofYunnan.三、with的用法1作“用”讲，见上文。2.做“和…”讲，常用于句末。and是连词，连接两个名词。Iwenttothezoowithmyparentslastweek.MyparentsandIwenttothezoolastweek.\n1.作“有”讲，在名词后面作后置定语。I’dliketobuyahousewithagarden.Thegirlwithlonghairisverybeautiful.反义词：without“没有”I’dliketogowithoutyou.Thehousewithoutagardenischeaper.Sheleftwithoutsayinggoodbye.2.“随着区别：with是介词，with+名词+名词/介词短语/现在分词（称为独立主格结构）as是连词+句子Withtimegoingby,Ilearnmoreandmoreknowledge.Withnolightoutside,itfeltlikemidnight.Withahardjobinacrayonfactory,hedoesn’tfindmuchtimetovisithishometown.Itwashardtohavefunwithaseriousstormhappeningoutside.Astimegoesby,Ilearnmoreandmoreknowledge.3.其它用法IsthatOkwithyou?那样你行吗？四、on的用法1.在…上面（正上方，物体有接触）Abookisonthedesk.2.关于（详细论述的）；about关于（范范谈及）Thescientistplannedtowriteabookonenvironmentalpollution.Theteacheraskedstudentstowriteanarticleaboutfriendship.Forhomework,ourteachertoldustowriteaboutourvacation.3.on+具体的时间on+日子/星期/某个不确定的具体日子onApril1,onMonday,onarainyday,onTeachers’Day4.onabike=bybike,骑车，作状语rideabike骑车，作谓语Ialwaysgotoschoolbybike.=Ialwaysgotoschoolonabike.=Ialwaysrideabiketogotoschool.5.ontheeast/west/south/northof在♦•东、西、南、北，两地接壤YunnanisonthesouthofSichuan.intheeast/west/south/northof在…东、西、南、北，一地在某个地的范围内KunmingisinthenorthofYunnan.五、for的用法1.“给”Hereisaletterforyou.Allthesepresentsareforyou.Ihavesomethingsforthekids.2.对于"“对…而言”，至于Forgirls,wehaveskirtsinpurpleforonly$20.Forhomework,ourteachertoldustowriteaboutourvacation.ForthousandsoftouristsfromChina,thissmallislandinSoutheastAsiaisawonderfulandsafe\nplacetotakeaholiday.Itis+adj./n.+forsb.todosth.对某人来说做…（是）•••/某人做…（是）…ItisnoteasyformetolearnEnglish.It'sveryimportantforhimtoattendthemeeting.Itis+adj..+ofsb.todosth.=sb.be+adj+todosth.Youareclevertodolikethis.=Itiscleverofyoutodolikethis.It'skindofyoutohelpme.1.for+句子因为”Today,wearehappy,forwearehavingasportmeeting.2.for+时间段Ididmyhomeworkforthreehourslastnight.3.for+breakfast,lunch,dinner,supper（三餐）Ieatnoodlesforbreakfasteveryday.4.for+价格“要价”Wehaveblackshoesforonly$28.Socksareonly$2forthreedollars.6.为了”Writeanadforyourownclothesstore.Canyoubuyacakeforme?Ineedapairofblackshoesforschool.IwanttobuyabagforschoolWehavesomeinterestingandfunthingsforyouthisterm.Comeandseeforyourselfatourclothesstore.亲自Writequestionsfortheanswers.5.for+breakfast/lunch/dinner（super）Ioftenhavenoodlesforbreakfast.That'sforsure当然forfunThankyoufor六、atatschoolatgreatsale大减价onsalehavealookat七、as1.Asayoungboy,heusedtocausealotoftroubleforhisparents.2.Ashegotbetter,hefeltgoodabouthimself.3.Asitbecomescold,theleavesonthetreefallsoff.其它后面常常会接动名词的介词：to,at,before,after,besides,of,through,by练习一、选择题1.Dearteacher,thankyouforEnglishsowell.A.teachourB.teachusC.teachingourD.teachingus2.Weusuallygoswimmingweekends.A.forB.onC.aboutD.with3.CanyouhelpmemyEnglish?A.atB.onC.withD.to4.Thereisorangeandtwobananasthetable.A.a,onB.an,onC.a,underD.an,to5.Pleasecallme954-3526.\nA.inB.atC.ofD.on1.Afterclass,Ihavegymnasticstwohours.A.onB.atC.forD.in2.Wedon’thaveclassesSaturdaysandSundays.A.inB.onC.atD.from3.Mymusicclassfinishes4:00p.m.A.inB.onC.atD.for4.We’llbuythishousealowprice.A.withB.aboutC.atD.for5.theold,wehaveblackandbrowncoatsforonly$20.A.FromB.OnC.InD.For6.Maryabagschool.A.need,toB.need,forC.needs,toD.needs,for7.Thegirlredismysister.A.inB.onC.ofD.over8.Iwasborn.A.inOct.8,1969B.in1969,Oct.8C.onOct.8,1969D.on1969,Oct.89.Theygotoschoolarainymorning.A.inB.onC.atD.for10.OurschooltripisMay.A.inB.onC.atD.to二、填空题（一）用适当的介词填空1.Healwaysplaygamesus.2.HewasborntheafternoonoflastSunday.3.Shegoeshomefiveeveryday.4.Hebeganwritingarticles1842.5.Everyday,Icanplaycomputergamesanhour.6.Healwaysgetsup7:00themorning.7.Wearrivedthevillagearainymorning.8.JackwasbornMarch,2001.9.Motherwillbebackamonth.Imissherverymuch.10.Hurryup!Theplanewilltakeintenminutes.11.Theteachertookmyphone,becauseIuseditinclass.12.WangPingstoppedthebusthinkingtwice.13.14.