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  • 2022-08-13 发布

高中英语简单句五种句型课件

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英语简单句五种基本句型A:词类及基本用法\n练习:翻译下面的句子并判断是哪种句型太阳从东方升起来了。她喜欢看书。他的脸红了。4.我给他看我的照片。5.他们把门漆成绿色。Thesunhasrisenintheeast.Sheenjoysreading.Hisfaceturnedred.Ishowedhimmypictures.Theypaintedthedoorgreen.\n英语句子长短简繁不一,表面上似乎难以捉摸,但可以从实质上发现其内在联系,找出其共同规律。即可以归纳成五种基本句型及其扩大、组合、省略或倒装。掌握这五种基本句型,是掌握各种英语句子结构的基础。基本句型一:S+V(主+谓)基本句型二:S+V+P(主+系+表)基本句型三:S+V+O(主+谓+宾)基本句型四:S+V+InO+DO(主+谓+间宾+直宾)基本句型五:S+V+O+OC(主+谓+宾+宾补)\n各种词类及其在句子中的作用:1.Nouns(n.)名词:-----主语(S),宾语(O),表语(P)等2.Verbs(v.)动词----谓语(V)(vt.及物动词/vi.不及物动词)3.Pronouns(pron.)代词:----主语,宾语,表语等e.g.Katehasapiano.Shelikesitverymuch.____S___V_______O___S___V__O\n4.Adjectives(adj.)形容词:----定语(At.)表语(P)e.g.Theovercoatisverybeautiful.Thisisaverybeautifulovercoat.5.Adverbs(adv.)副词:------状语(Ad.)6.Numerals(num.)数词:------定语,表语,主语等e.g.25(desks)______(be)enough.7.Articles(art.)冠词:一般不单独构成句子成分(At.)(P)is\n8.Prepositions(prep.)介词(in,at,on,…)prep.+n.介词短语-----状语(Ad.),表语等e.g.Wecanseethebikeunderthetree.9.Conjunctions(conj.)连词(and,or,but,so…)一般不构成成分,仅起连接作用10.Interjections(interj.)感叹词(ah,oh,yeah…)一般不构成成分,起加强语气作用\n英语简单句五种基本句型B:五种句型\n基本句型一S(subject)+V(verb)(主+谓)特点:句子的谓语动词都能表达完整的意思。这类动词叫做不及物动词,后面可以跟副词、介词短语、状语从句等。e.g.Hiswordsworks.SV\nSV(不及物动词)1.Time2.Themoon3.Theman4.Weall5.Everybody6.I7.They8.He9.He10.Theyflies.rose.cooked.eat,anddrink.laughed.woke.talkedforhalfanhour.walkedyesterday.isplaying.havegone.\n基本句型二S+V+P(主+系+表)特点:句子谓语动词都不能表达一个完整的意思,必须加上一个表明主语身份或状态的表语构成复合谓语,才能表达完整的意思。这类动词叫做(连)系动词。系动词可分四类:1)be本身没有什么意义,只起连系主语和表语的作用,后可接动词外的任何词;2)感官动词类look,feel,smell,taste,sound等+adj.3)表示变化:get,grow,become,turn,go等4)表示状态延续:stay,keep,prove,remain,stand等以及prove等。+adj.+adj.\nSV(link--V.)PThisisanEnglishdictionary.Everythinglooksdifferent.天气更凉爽了。Theweatherbecomescooler.\n基本句型三S+V+O(主+谓+宾)特点:谓语动词都是实义动词,但不能表达完整的意思,必须跟宾语,即动作的承受者,才能使意思完整。这类动词叫做及物动词。e.g.Welikethemovie.SVo\nSV(Vt.)O她经常帮她妈妈。Sheoftenhelpshermother.2.我想要一杯茶。Iwantacupoftea.\nSV(实义动词)O(宾语)1.Who2.She3.He8.He5.They6.I7.Hetheanswer?her.English.cakes.someapples.tohaveacupoftea.Goodmorning.knowslaughsatunderstandsmadeatewantsaid\n基本句型四S+V+InO+DO(主+谓+间宾+直宾)特点:谓语动词必须跟有两个宾语才能表达完整的意思。这两个宾语一个是动作的直接承受者,另一个是动作的间接承受者。通常可改为S+V+DO+prep.+InOe.g.Shegavemeanapple.=Shegaveanappletome.\nSV(Vt.)InODOShepassedhimanewdress.John告诉我他的想法。Johntoldmehisidea.\nSV(及物)(多指人)O(多指物)1.She2.She3.He8.He5.I6.I7.I4.Hepassedcookedbroughtboughtshowedgavetoldshowedhimhusbandheryouherhimhimmeanewdress.adeliciousmeal.adictionary.nothing.mypictures.ahand.howtorunthemachine.thatthebuswaslate.\n基本句型五S+V+O+OC(主+谓+宾+宾补)特点:动词虽然是及物动词,但是只跟一个宾语还不能表达完整的意思,必须加上一个补充成分来补足宾语,才能使意思完整。判断原则:能表达成—宾语是…/做…e.g.Wemadehimthemanager.SVOOC\nSV(Vt.)OOCWekeepthetableclean.Isawthemgettingonthebus.他让我马上回来。Heaskedmetocomebacksoon.\nSV(及物)O(宾语)OC(宾补)1.We2.They3.They4.They5.What6.We7.He8.Ithetablethedoorsupperthehousehimhimmethemclean.green.dinner.dirty.sad?out.tocomeback.gettingonthebus.keeppaintedcallfoundmakessawaskedsaw\n典型例题分析\n1.Plantsneedwater.S+V+O(主+谓+宾)2.Theflowerissofresh.S+V+P(主+系+表)3.Theyworkhard.S+V(主+谓)4.Hegivesmesomeseeds.S+V+InO+DO(主+谓+直宾+间宾)5.Weshouldkeeptheplantsintheshade.S+V+O+OC(主+谓+宾+宾补)6.Manyanimalsliveintrees.S+V(主+谓)\n基本句型的扩展:e.g.Wefoundthehallfull.我们发现礼堂坐满了。Wefoundthegreathallfullofstudentsandteachers.Wefoundthegreathallfullofstudentsandteacherslisteningtoanimportantreport.我们发现大礼堂坐满了学生和教师,在听一个重要报告。Wefoundthegreathallfullofstudentsandteacherslisteningtoanimportantreport我们发现大礼堂坐满了学生和教师,在听人民日报的一位同志作有关东欧局势的重要报告。madebyacomradefromthePeople'sDailyoncurrentaffairsinEastEurope._________________\n同一个动词使用的句型也不尽一样,因此在学习动词时,应掌握动词的类型。以get为例:He'sgettingangry.(SVP)You'llgetasurprise.(SVO)Hegothisshoesandsockswet.(SVOC)在句子中词类和词的位置也影响句子的句型和意思:Ifoundthebookeasily.我很容易地找到了这本书。(SVO)Ifoundthebookeasy.我觉得这本书很容易。(SVOC)\n按结构英语句子主要可以分成三种:简单句,并列句,复合句e.g.1)Theteacher’snameisSmith.2)Theteacher’snameisSmithandthestudent’snameisJohn.3)HeisSmithwholikesgoinghiking.--4)HeisSmithandhelikesgoinghiking.5)Hurryup,oryou’llbelate.6)IsawhimwhenIwalkedpastthestreet.7)Heoftengetsupearlybecausehewantstocatchtheearlybus.简单句并列句复合句并列句并列句复合句复合句\nIdon’twanttosetdownaseriesoffactsinadiaryasmostpeopledo,butIwantthisdiarytobemyfriend,andIshallcallmyfriendKitty.SV____________________________________O_________Ad.()S___________VSVO______________________OCS_________VOOC并列复合句\nAnalyzethesentences:Icanwellrememberthattherewasatimewhenadeepbluesky,thesongofthebirds,moonlightandflowerscouldneverhavekeptmespellbound.SV__________________{}OcSVPAc()_________________________________________________________S____________________VOOC\nIt’snopleasurelookingthroughtheseanylongerbecausenatureisonethingthatreallymustbeexperienced.SVP_________________________________________SAd.C(状从)SVP____________________At.C(定从)\nAtfirsttheEnglishspokeninEnglandbetweenaboutAD450and1150wasverydifferentfromtheEnglishspokentoday.S()At.(定语)VP()At.(定语)\nThengraduallybetweenaboutAD800and1150EnglishbecamelesslikeGermanbecausethosewhoruledEnglandspokefirstDanishandlaterFrench.SVPAd.CSVO_____________________________()At.C(定从)\n1.Youshouldstudyhard.SV______________2.Shewenthomeverylateyesterdayevening.SV__________3.Thatmorningwetalkedalot.SV______4.Themeetingwilllasttwohours.SV_____\n5.Mybrothersareallcollegestudents.SV______________6.Inwinter,thedaysareshortandthenightsarelong.SV_____7.Mrs.BrownlooksveryhealthySV_____________8.Attheageof15hebecameafamouspianist.SV_______________pSVpp__________________pp\n9.IwrotealetterlastnightSV10.Iwanttotalkwithyouthisafternoon.SV11.Hehasreadthisbookmanytimes.SV_________oo_______________________________o\n12.Mr.JohnsontaughtusGermanlastyear.SV13.Grandmatoldmeaninterestingstorylastnight.SV14.Maryhandedthewallettotheschoolmaster.SV_________InOInO_______________DODODOInO_______________\n15.WecallherAlice.SV16.Allofusconsideredhimhonest.SV17.TheypushedthedooropenSVOOOCOCOOC\nAccordingtoaresearchpublishedbyLeedsUniversityyesterday,peopledon’tmindbadlanguageontelevisionaslongasitisnotusedinprogrammeswatchedbychildren.SVoAt.SV()At.(定语)()\nThestudyfoundtherewas“amazingagreement”aboutwhenbadlanguagewasseriousandwhenitwasnot..SVo()______________________________________________________________________________________________\nEvenagroupofmothersagreedthatacertainamountofbadlanguageinthewell-knownfilmPulpFictionwasOkbecausethedialogueandsituationmadeitfunny.SVo()__________________________________________________________________________________S_______________________VpSVOOc\nSomepeoplesaidtheyfoundtheuseofdrugsinthefilmmoreworryingthanthebadlanguage.SVo()________________________________________________________________________________SVO___________________________OC

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