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Unit1Festivalsaroundtheworld\nDiscoveringusefulstructures---ModalVerbs(I)\n情态动词的语法特征情态动词有一定的意义,表示或暗示某种情绪或态度,表示可能、建议、愿望、必要、允许、能力等。2.情态动词没有人称和数的变化,即不随主语的不同而变化。3.情态动词不能独立使用,必须和实义动词一起构成谓语。4.情态动词除ought和have外,后面只能接不带to的不定式。5.情态动词没有非谓语形式,即没有不定式、分词等形式。\nmust表示必须,多处于义务、责任或强制命令(must提问,否定回答用needn’t或don’thaveto).Youmusthandinyourhomeworktoday.(2)mustn’t表示禁止。意思是“不许”、“不准”、“不可以”。Youmustn’tsmokehere.\n(3)用于发生了某种于说话人的愿望相反、不受欢迎的事时,意思是“偏偏”、“偏要”。Whymusthedoitthatway?WhymustitrainonSunday?(4)表示推测,只能用于肯定句。Hemustbereadingnovelsnow.Theroadiswet.Itmusthaverainedlastnight.\ncan/could(1)表示能力CanyouspeakJapanese?(2)表示推测时,只用在否定句或疑问句中。Hecan’tbeathomenow.(3)表示允许(许可或请求许可)Youcangonow,buthecan’t.(4)表惊异、怀疑等Howcanyoubesorude?could可表示能力或可能性,多用于过去,也可指现在,通常表示虚拟或作为can的委婉形式。\ncan / could + have done在肯定句中表示“本来可以做而实际上没做某事”;在疑问句或否定句中表示对过去行为的怀疑或不肯定, 表示推测。You could have done better, but you didn’t try your best.你本来可以做得更好,但你没努力。He can’t have been to that town.他不可能去过那个城。\nmay/might(1)表示可能性,might比may可能性更小。Itmaybetrue.Hemightnotcometoday.(2)表示请求、许可,多用于肯定和疑问句中MayIaskyouaquestion?(3)表示愿望Mayyoubehappyallyourlife.might比may语气更委婉may/might表示推测时,表示对现在或将来要发生的事情把握不大。\nmight/mayhavedone表示对过去发生的动作进行的可能性推测。Hemayhavegonetotheclinic.他可能去医务室了。Hemighthavereadaboutthenewsinthenewspaper.他可能已经从报纸上知道这个消息了。\nwill/would表示意愿,will表示现在的意愿,would表示过去的意愿。Gowhereyouwill.SheaskedifIwouldgowiththem.2.表示征求意见或提出请求,主要用于第二人称的疑问句中,will和would均可用,would此时并不表过去,而表示委婉语气。WouldSundaynightsuityou?Will/Wouldyoupleaseposttheletterforme?\n3.表示习惯和倾向性will表示现在的习惯,would表示过去的习惯(=usedtodo)。Oilwillfloatonwater.Whenhewasachild,hewouldoftengoskiing.4.表示推测will用于谈论现在,would可用于谈论过去,也可用于谈论现在(语气较委婉)。Askhim.Hewillknow. Everyfamilywouldhavesomesortoftrouble.Ithoughtyouwouldhavefinisheditbynow.\nshall/should1.在陈述句中,shall用于二、三人称表示允诺、警告、命令、决心等。YoushalldoasIsay.(命令)Nothingshallstopmedoingit.(决心)Tellhimthatheshallhavethebooktomorrow.(允诺)2.shall在疑问句中,用于一、三人称,用来表示请求或征求意见。ShallIopenthewindowforyou?(征求意见)Shallhefetchsomewaterforyou?(请求)\n3.should常表示应当,意思和oughtto相近,但语气较弱。Youngpeopleshouldlearnhowtousecomputers.5.shouldhavedone表示责备或批评,意为“本应该…但”Youshouldhavetoldherthetruthearlier.Sheshouldn’thaveleftwithoutsayingaword.4.should用于可能性推测时,表“应该,很可能”Theyleftat5:30.Theyshouldgettherenow.\n1.Jackdescribedhisfather,who____abraveboymanyyearsago,asastrong–willedman.(2010安徽卷)A.wouldbeB.wouldhavebeenC.mustbeD.musthavebeen答案:D解析:句意为“杰克把他的父亲描述为一个意志坚强的人,他的父亲多年前肯定很勇敢”用musthavebeen表示对过去事情的肯定推测。高考真题\n2.You_____buyagift,butyoucanifyouwantto.(2010湖南卷)A.mustB.mustn'tC.havetoD.don'thaveto答案:D解析:don’thaveto意为“没有必要”,符合语境,句意为:“你没有必要买礼物,但如果你想买的话,你也可以买。”\n3.Ihavetoldyouthetruth.______Ikeeprepeatingit?(2010江西卷)A.MustB.CanC.MayD.Will答案:A解析:must必须,一定can可以,能够,may也许,will意愿,倾向性动作。前半句说我告诉你事实了,这里用的是现在完成时,表示过去的动作对现在造成了影响,既然我已经说了,我还必须重复一遍吗?\n4.I_______havewatchedthatmovie—it’llgivemehorribledreams.(2010山东卷)A.shouldn’tB.needn’tC.couldn’tD.mustn’t答案:A解析:句意应为“我本来不应该看那部电影的----它会使我做噩梦的。”表示“本来不应该做而做了某事”用shouldn’thavedone,所以A项正确。\nAshehadheartattack,hewastoldthathe____continuethework.A.needn'tB.maynotC.mustn'tD.can't2.AnEnglishmanwho____notspeakItalianwasoncetravelinginItaly.A.mustB.couldC.mayD.might3.I____liketomakeasuggestion.A.couldB.wouldC.mustD.might4.Iknowthingsarehardwithyou,butyou____trytogetoverthedifficulties.A.canB.mayC.mustD.oughtCCBBChoosethebestanswers.\n5.Wehopethatasmanypeopleaspossible_____joinusforthepicnictomorrow. A.mayB.must C.shouldD.can6.—IthinkI’llgiveBobaring. —You_____.Youhaven’tbeenintouchwithhimforages. A.willB.may C.wouldD.should7.—CouldIhaveawordwithyou,Mum? —Ohdear,ifyou______. A.canB.must C.mayD.shouldDDB\n8.ItisusuallywarminmyhometowninMarch,butit_____berathercoldsometimes.A.mustB.canC.shouldD.would9.Youdon’thavetoknowthenameoftheauthortofindabook.You_____findthebookbythetitle.A.mustB.needC.canD.would10.Althoughthis____soundlikeasimpletask,greatcareisneeded.A.mustB.mayC.shallD.shouldBCB\n11.You______behungryalready—youhadlunchonlytwohoursago!A.wouldn’tB.can’tC.mustn’tD.needn’t12.Accordingtotheairtrafficrules,you___switchoffyourmobilephonebeforeboarding.A.mayB.canC.wouldD.should13.She______haveleftschool,forherbikeisstillhere.A.can’tB.wouldn’tC.shouldn’tD.mustn’tBDA\nCompletethefollowingsentencesusingmodalverbs.You’vebeenworkingallday.You______beverytired.2.Iwonderwhothatis.It_____beLisa.She’sinthelibraryatthistime.3.Itisalongtimesincewemetlasttime.You_____comeandseeusmoreoften.4.Ihaven’tdecidedwhereI’mgoingformyholidays.I_____gotoAustralia.mustcan’tshouldmay\n5.Myfather’sbirthdayiscoming.What_____Igethim?6.Whydon’tyoutryonthisdress?It_______lookniceonyou.7.---Whowasthemantalkingwithyourteacher?---I’mnotsure.It______beherbrother.8.Idon’tknowwhentheguestsbehere.They_________arriveatanytime.willshallmightwill/could\n1.FinishtheexercisesinDiscoveringUsefulStructure.2.FinishexercisesinUsingStructuresinWorkbook.Homework