必修1Unit4Earthquakes高中定语从句课件一 48页

Welcometoourclass!\nCanyoudescribethefollowingpictures?thebeautifulflowers\nthehappychildren快乐的孩子们Aviolentbaby！暴力的孩子啊\nWhatistheattribute(定语)?1.Heisanhonestboy.(形容词）2.Thefalling/fallenleavesareflyinginthesky.(现在/过去分词）3.What’syourtelephonenumber?（名词）4.Theboysontheplaygroundareplayingbasketballs.（介词短语）\n修饰名词和代词的成分，作定语的除了形容词外，还有代词、数词、名词、介词短语或相当于形容词的词或短语等。Keywords:定语:abeautifulflower美丽的花atallboy一位高个男孩beautifultallmyteacherthreeboysclothesshop服装店thestudentsinclass上课的学生们\nThepositionsoftheattribute:（定语的位置）1.Thisisaflowerbasket.2.Thisisabasketfullofflowers.（单个的词作定语时要放于被修饰词的前面，短语作定语时要放于被修饰词的后面。）\n看下列句子，是什么作定语呢？1.Aplaneisamachinethatcanfly.(从句）飞机是会飞的机器。2.TheforeignerwhovisitedourschoolyesterdayisfromCanada.（从句）昨天参观我们学校的外宾来自加拿大。3.ThisisabasketthatIwanttoputflowersin.（从句）这就是我要放花的篮子。\n是句子作定语\n定语从句句子作定语叫做\nUnit4EarthquakesGrammarTheAttributiveClauseI（that,which,who,whom,whose）\n一.定语从句的基本定义●在复合句中，修饰名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。●被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。一.定语从句的基本定义▲位置：定语从句通常紧跟在先行词之后。▲定语从句的结构：先行词+关系词+从句\nTheboywhoisreadingisTom.先行词关系代词Hospitalisaplacewhereadoctorworks.先行词关系副词\n二.关系词的分类及功能2.关系副词关系代词在定语从句中作主语、宾语和定语等，常用的关系代词有：that,which,who,whom,whose关系副词在定语从句中作状语，常用的关系副词有：when,where,why二.关系词的分类1.关系代词\n三.关系代词的基本用法和注意点1.关系代词的基本用法三.1.关系代词的基本用法关系代词指代的先行词充当从句的成分who人主语、宾语whom人宾语which物主语、宾语that人或物主语、宾语whose人或物定语\n1.who指人,在定语从句中作主语例句：(1)Theboys______areplayingfootballarefromClassOne.(2)YesterdayIhelpedanoldman_________losthisway.(3)Children______eatalotofsugaroftenhavebadteeth.who,whomwhowhowho\n2.whom指人,在定语从句中作宾语，可省略。例句：(1)Mr.Liuistheperson__________youtalkedaboutonthebus.(2)Mr.Lingisjusttheboy_______Iwanttosee.注意：关系代词whom在口语和非正式语体中常用who代替，可省略。(3)Theman（who/whom）youmetjustnowismyfriend.(whom)(whom)\n3.which指物，在定语从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略(1)Footballisagame_____islikedbymostboys.（作主语）(2)Thisisthepen________heboughtyesterday.（作宾语）thatwhich（which）\n4.that指人时，相当于who或者whom；指物时，相当于which。在定语从句中作主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略。(1)Thenumberofthepeople________cometovisitthecityeachyearisincreasing.(2)Whereistheman_____________Isawthismorning?whosethat/who(that/who/whom)\n5.Whose既可以指人，又可指物，在定语从句中做定语,表示“……人的”“……物的”(1)Theroom_______windowfacessouthismine.窗户朝南的那个房间是我的。(2)Ioncelivedinahouse_____roofhasfallenin.我曾经住在屋顶倒塌的一个房子里。▲whose指物时，常用以下结构来代替：可用ofwhich代替，但语序不同，即whose+名词=the+名词+ofwhich，或=ofwhich+the+名词。如：whosewhose\n(3)Theclassroomwhosedoorisbrokenwillsoonberepaired.=Theclassroom________________isbrokenwillsoonberepaired.=Theclassroom__________________isbrokenwillsoonberepaired(4)Doyoulikethebookwhosecoverisyellow?=Doyoulikethebook______________isyellow?=Doyoulikethebook_______________isyellow?thedoorofwhichofwhichthedoorthecoverofwhichofwhichthecover\nCanyouchoosetherightanswer?Ihavereadallthebooks____yougaveme.Thisisthebestfilm_____hasbeenshownthismonth.Thereseemstobenothing_____seemsimpossibleforhimintheworld.Whoistheman______isstandingthere?A.whoB.whichC.thatD.B&C\n▲关系代词that和which▲在定语从句中，that和which常常可以互换，但是下列情况只用关系词that,而不宜用which；当然作宾语时可以省略。特别关注\n1.先行词（从句所修饰的词）被形容词最高级或序数词修饰时,只能用that引导从句.1）Thisisthemostinterestingstory(that)Ihaveeverheard.2）Thefirstmeeting(that)wewilltakepartinwillbeheldintheafternoon.\n2.先行词是all,something,nothing,anything，everything,little,few，much,none,any,some等不定代词时,只能用that.1)Hereissomething(that)Iwilltellyou.我有事要告诉你。2)Notallthatglitters（闪烁）isgold.发光的并非都是金子。3）Wehaven’tgotmuch(that)wecanofferyou.\n3.先行词既有人也有物时,只能用that引出从句1)Icanrememberwellthepersonsandsomepictures(that)Isaw.我清楚地记得我看到的人和照片。2)Theytalkedabouttheteachersandschools(that)theyhadvisited.\n4.先行词被all,every,any,no,oneof,theonly,thevery,theright,last,just等修饰，用that。例如:1）Arethereanyquestionsthattroubleyoumuch?还有你感到非常麻烦的问题吗？2）Theonlything(that)shecoulddowastogotothepoliceforhelp.她唯一能做的就是向警察求助。\n5.当主句已有疑问词who或which时，关系词用that1）Whichisthebike(that)youlost?2）Whoisthewomanthatwaspraisedatthemeeting?\n6.当关系代词在定语从句中作tobe表语时,先行词无论指人还是物，关系词用that。例如：1）Tomisn’ttheboythatheusedtobe.汤姆不再是过去的老样子了。2）Shanghaiisnolongerthecitythatitusedtobe。上海不再时往昔的上海了。\n7.在therebe结构中，当先行词指物时，关系词用that例句：●Thereisabookonthedesk(that)I’mveryinterestedin.桌子上有本我非常感兴趣的书。\n8.句子中含有两个定语从句时，其中一个词已用which,为了避免重复，一般情况，另一个宜用that.例如：●Theysecretlybuiltupasmallfactorywhichproducesthingsthatcouldcausepollution.他们悄悄建了一个小工厂，生产可能造成污染的产品。\n定语从句解题方法:关系词的选择1.先看先行词，确定人或物2.分析定语从句中的句子成分3.确定关系代词的人称和数4.注意that和which的特殊情况\n【特别提示】：关系代词在从句中作主语时，从句的谓语动词的人称和数必须与先行词保持一致。如：1.Thosewhoareagainsttheplanputupyourhands.2.Tomisoneofthestudentswhowerepraisedbytheteacheryesterday.3.Tomistheonlyoneofthestudentswhowaspraisedbytheteacheryesterday.\n1.Thegirl__________isstandingnexttoourteacherisherdaughter.2.Thegirl_________________ourteacheristalkingwithisafamoussinger.3.Thegirl________motherisateachercanspeakEnglishverywell.4.Ican’tfindthebook____________isborrowedfromthelibrary.who/that(who/whom/that)whosewhich/that巩固练习：I.用适当的关系代词填空\n5.Ican’tfindthebook________________youlenttome.6.Thescientist_____________wemetyesterdayisveryfamousintheworld.7.Thedress___________sheiswearingisnew.8.Heisthekindperson______________Ihaveeverworkedwith.9.Thisisthebestfilm_______Ihaveeverseen.10.Willyoupleaselendtheverybook___________youboughtyesterday?(that/which)(whom/that/who)(that/which)(whom/that/who)(that）(that）\nII.Choice单项选择。1.All_____weneedistobesuppliedwithfoodandclothing.A.whatB.thatC.whichD.whom2.Theman_______talkedtoyoujustnowisanengineer.A.whoB.whoseC.whichD.what\n3.Themostimportantthing____weshouldpayattentiontoisthefirstthing______Ihavesaid.A.which;thatB.that;whichC.which;whichD.that;that4．Shespentthewholeeveningtalkingaboutthethingsandpersons____noneofushaseverheardof.A.whichB.whoC.whomD.that\n5.Whoistheperson________istalkingabouttheaccident______happenedonHighway104?A.which;whichB.who;whatC.that;thatD.what;what6.Wewenttoseeourteacher_________husbandlosthislifeintheearthquake.A.thatB.whoseC.whomD.who\n7.Thetree_________Ithoughtwasdyingissendingoutnewleaves!A.whoB.whoseC.whomD.that8.Iamverythankfultomyparents_________havealwaysencouragedmetoplaythepiano.A.whoB.whomC.whoseD.which\n9.Heisoneofthoseworkers_________abletodothisjob.A.whoareB.whomisC.whoisD.whomare10.Heistheonlyoneofthoseworkers_________abletodothisjob.A.whoareB.whomisC.whoisD.whomare\n11.Itisnotrightthatteacherspaylittleattentiontothestudents_______cheatinexaminations.A.whichB.whoseC.whomD.who12.YesterdayIranintoafriend______Ihaven’tseenformanyyears.A.whoseB.whomC.whichD.forwhom\n13.Heisagreatteacher_________wisesayingshaveinfluencedmanypeopleindifferentcountries.A.whoB.whomC.whoseD.which14.Hefellinlovewithaprettygirl________turnedouttobethedaughterofhisenemy.A.whomB.whichC.whoseD.who\n15.Thehouse_________roofwasdamagedhasnowbeenrepaired.A.itsB.thatC.whoseD.which16.Women_______drinkmorethantwocupsofcoffeeadayhaveagreaterchanceofhavingheartdiseasethanthose_______don’t.（06·北京）A.who;不填B.不填；theC.who;whoD.不填；不填\nReview&SummaryLet'sreviewandsummarizethispartbrieflytogether.\n1.Reviewthispart.2.Domorepractice.Homework\nThanksforjoiningus!\n▲宜用which而不用that的情况:1.当引导非限制定语从句时。例如：Football,whichisaveryinterestinggame,isplayedallovertheworld.足球，一项非常有趣的运动，在全世界得到普及。2.当关系代词前有介词时。例如：Thisisthehouseinwhichheoncelived.这就是他曾经住过的房子。3.当先行词本身是that时。例如：Thatwhichyoutoldhimaboutiswhatwewanttoknow.你告诉他的事情就是我们想知道的。\n▲用who,而不用that的情况：1.先行词是one(s),anyone,someone,noone,none,all,those,nobody,anybody等指人的不定代词时，关系词使用who1)ThosewhowanttogototheGreatWallsignuphere.2)Onewhohasnothingtofearoneselfdarestotellthetruth.\n3)Allwhohavestudiedthisquestionhavecometothesameconclusion.所有研究这个问题的人都得出了同样的结论。2.在therebe句型中，先行词指人,关系词用who1）Thereisanoldmanwhowantstoseeyou.2）Therearemanyyoungmenwhoareagainsthim.