高中英语选修六虚拟语气课件 32页

虚拟语气Subjunctive\n如果我有一千万，我就能买一栋房子我有一千万吗？没有。所以我仍然没有房子。如果我有翅膀，我就能飞。我有翅膀吗？没有。所以我也没办法飞。如果把整个太平洋的水倒出，也浇不息我对你爱情的火整个太平洋的水全部倒得出吗？不行。所以我并不爱你。\n虚拟语气(theSubjunctiveMood)表示说话人所说的不是事实，而是一种假设、愿望或推测。\n1.theSubjunctiveMoodusedinIfClauses；2.inversionusedinIfClauses；3.theSubjunctiveMoodusedintheNounClauses；4.someotherformsoftheSubjunctiveMood；5.theSubjunctiveMoodandtheIndicativeMood.TestPoints\n虚拟语气的解题思路1.依据情境，判定虚拟2.抓住信息词，确定虚拟类别3.依据时态，确定虚拟句的动词形式Youdidn’tletmedrive.Ifwe____inturn,you____sotired.A.drove…didn’tgetB.haddriven…wouldn’thavegotC.drove…wouldn’tgetD.weredriving…wouldn’tget\n一、掌握虚拟语气的四种主要形式（1）条件从句+主句（2）名词性从句中的虚拟语气（3）wish,asif,ifonly及wouldrather的虚拟形式（4）Itistimethat的虚拟形式二、注意虚拟语气的三种活用现象（1）含蓄条件句（2）时间错综句（3）虚实错综句\n虚拟语气theSubjunctiveMood时间if条件从句主句过去现在将来haddonewould/should/could/mighthavedonedid/were1.shoulddo2.weretodo3.didwould/should/could/mightdo\n1.如果我有一百万美元，我会买下这架飞机。IfIhadonemilliondollars,Iwouldbuytheplane.2.要是你离开的早一点,你就会赶上公共汽车了.Ifyouhadleftearlier,youwouldhavecaughtthebus.3.如果他明天来的话,我会告诉他这件事。(事实是明天他不会来）Ifhecame/weretocome/shouldcomeheretomorrow,Iwouldtellhimaboutit.\n条件状语的倒装：如果从句中有were,had,should时,可以倒装成：Were/Had/Should+主+其他（if省略）WereIyou,IwouldgiveAIDSpatientsahug.Hadhebeenthereyesterday,hewouldhaveseenthefilm.Shoulditsnowtomorrow,wewouldn’tgoout.IfIwereyou,IwouldgiveAIDSpatientsahug.Ifhehadbeenthereyesterday,hewouldhaveseenthefilm.Ifitshouldsnowtomorrow,wewouldn’tgoout.\n1.Therice______ifyouhadbeenmorecareful.A.wouldnotbeburningB.wouldnotburnC.wouldnothaveburntD.wouldnotburnt2.Ifmylawyer____herelastSaturday,he______mefromgoing.A.hadbeen;wouldhavepreventedB.hadbeen;wouldpreventC.were;wouldpreventD.were;wouldhaveprevented3.Ididn’tseeyoursisteratthemeeting.Ifshe______shewouldhavemetmybrother.A.hascomeB.didcomeC.cameD.hadcome4.______forthefreetickets,Iwouldnothavegonetothefilmssooften.A.IfitisnotB.WereitnotC.HaditnotbeenD.Iftheyhavenot5.Youdidn’tletmedrive.Ifwe______inturn,you______sotired.A.drove;didn’tgetB.drove;wouldn’tgetC.weredriving;wouldn’tgetD.haddriven;wouldn’thavegot\n6.Ifshehadworkedharder,she______.A.wouldsucceedB.hadsucceededC.shouldsucceedD.wouldhavesucceed7.—Ifhe______,he______thatfood.—Luckilyhewassenttothehospitalimmediately.A.waswarned;wouldnottakeB.hadbeenwarned;wouldnothavetakenC.wouldbewarned;hadnottakenD.wouldhavebeenwarned;hadnottaken8.Ifit______tomorrow,theywouldnotgotherebybike.A.willrainB.rainsC.wouldrainD.shouldrain9.______itraintomorrow,wewouldhavetoputoffthevisittotheYangpuBridge.A.WereB.ShouldC.WouldD.Will10.IfI______you,Iwouldnotdoit.A.amB.wereC.shallbeD.being\nIproposethatwe(should)setadeadlineforhandingintheplans.Isuggestthatwe(should)setoffatonce.Iinsistedthatwe(should)decidewhattodowithhim.虚拟语气形式：(should)+动词原形注意:当suggest作“暗示、表明”解时;insist表示“坚持说、坚持认为”解时不用虚拟！1)HisaccentsuggestshecomesfromHunan.2)Heinsistedthathedidn’tstealthemoneyandthattheteacher(should)apologizetohim.1.动词+宾语从句一个坚持;两个：insist命令：order,command;三个建议：suggest,propose,advise;四个要求：desire,demand,ask,require\n4.order等+be+表语从句5.order等+同位语从句上述结构中常用的名词有：suggestion,order,proposal,plan,idea,command,request等。Itisbetterthathe(should)setoffatonce.Itisimportantthateverybody(should)betoldallthefacts.2.Itis(was)+上述动词的过去分词+that主语从句3.Itis(was)+important/necessary/better/strange/surprising/natural/possible/apity/nowonder+that主语从句Itisdemandedthathe(should)leaveatonce.Itisrequestedthatshe(should)giveaperformanceattheparty.Oursuggestionisthatyou(should)befirsttogo.Hisonlyrequestisthatyou(should)givehimmoretime.Doyouknowtheorderthatyou(should)keepwatch?\n1.Iinsistthatadoctor______immediately.A.hasbeensentforB.sendsforC.willbesentforD.besentfor2.Itissuggestedthatthejob______doneinanotherway.A.wasB.wastobeC.beD.mustbe3.Hehadanideathatwe______bybike.A.shallgoB.goC.wentD.wouldgo4.Mysuggestionisthatthemeeting______offtilltomorrow.A.toputB.beputC.shouldputD.beputting\n5.Theyoungmaninsistedthathe_____nothingwrongand_____free.A.did;setB.haddone;shouldbesetC.do;besetD.does;wouldbeset6.Itisnecessarythatyou______presentatthediscussion.A.willbeB.areC.shouldbeD.wouldbe7.Thebossgaveordersthatthework______atonce.A.willbestartedB.mustbestartedC.bestartedD.shouldstart8.Theguardthereinsistedthateverybody______therules.A.obeysB.obeyC.willobeyD.wouldobey\n这几个词（词组）表虚拟时，其后所用的虚拟形式与条件从句基本相同，即比陈述语气中的时态后退一个时态。时间谓语动词虚拟语气wish/asif/asthough/ifonly现在动词过去式（be多用were）过去had+过去分词将来would+动词原形/wouldrather动词过去式（be多用were）wish,asif以及ifonly的虚拟形式：退一步,海阔天空\nwishdid(were)(现在)haddone/couldhavedone(表示对过去事情遗憾)(过去)woulddo(将来)IwishIknewseveralforeignlanguages.HowIwishIhadtakenyouradivcethen.Iwishyouwouldvisitourschoolagain.IwishIcouldhavesleptlongereverymorning,butIhadtogetupandcometoclass.\nwouldrather(sooner/soon)did(were)(现在和将来）haddone（过去）I’dratheryouhadnotdonethat.Don’tcometomorrow.Iwouldratheryoucameagainthedayaftertomorrow.He’dratherhischildrendidnotmakesomuchnoise.\nHope,think,want,expect,plan,intend,suppose,mean...表示过去不曾实现的愿望.haddonehopedtohavedone.Hefailedtheexamagainthoughweallhadexpectedhimpassit.IhadwantedtowritetoyouearlierbutIwastoobusythen.(Iwantedtohavewritten….)\nasifdid(were)haddonewould+doHetalksasifhe______________Americabefore.(去过）Helooksasifhe__________ill.Hetalksasifhe_________tothemoonsomeday.(去过）hadbeentowerewouldgo\n1.IwishI______youyesterday.A.seenB.didseeC.hadseenD.weretosee2.Whenapencilispartlyinaglassofwater,itlooksasifit______.A.breaksB.hasbrokenC.werebrokenD.hadbeenbroken3.I’dratherthatyou______thereyesterdayand______againnextweekend.A.went;shouldcomeB.shouldgo;hadcomeC.hadgone;cameD.go;come4.Thetwostrangerstalkedasifthey______friendsforyears.A.shouldbeB.wouldbeC.havebeenD.hadbeen5.—Iblamedheryesterday.—Iwouldratheryou______that.A.didn’tdoB.hadn’tdoneC.wouldn’tdoD.shouldn’tdo6.—Heisaverybraveman.—Yes.IwishI______hiscourage.A.haveB.hadC.willhaveD.wouldhave\nItistimethat的虚拟形式Itistimethat…Itishightimethat…Itisabouttimethat…Itistime还可以有其他句型形式，需注意辨析：Itistime(forsb.)todosth.Itisthefirsttimethat(从句用陈述语气的现在完成时)过去时should+V.It’sthefirsttime(that)Ihavehelpedmymotherdothehousework.\n1.Itishightimeyou______thebus.A.hadcaughtB.caughtC.willcatchD.catch2.It’sabouttimehe______todothework.A.beginsB.willbeginC.beginD.began3.It’shightimethatwe___toschool.A.wouldgoB.wentC.goD.willgo4.Itistimewe___upourresults.A.sumB.summedC.willsumD.wouldsum\n（一）、含蓄条件句含蓄条件句就是虚拟条件暗含在短语或上下文中。这时，必须根据句中表述的意义以及某些特定的信息词如:without,butfor,otherwise,suppose(supposing)等来判断动词形式。1)Withoutsunlight,people’slifewouldbedifferentfromtoday.3)Suppose(supposing)yourfriendsknewhowyouarebehavinghere,whatwouldtheythink?2)Butforyourhelp,Iwouldn’thavefinishedthework.\n用otherwise(or,orelse),though(although)等表示与上下文所指的情况不同,从而引出虚拟语气.4)Thestormstopped,otherwisethesailorswouldhavefallenintothesea.5)Einsteinhadlittleconcernformoney,though(although)hecouldhavebeenaveryrichman.\n1.Withoutelectricity,humanlife______quitedifferenttoday.A.isB.willbeC.wouldhavebeenD.wouldbe2.YesterdayJanewalkedawayfromthediscussion.Otherwise,she______somethingshewouldregretlater.A.hadsaidB.saidC.mightsayD.mighthavesaidWithoutelectricity=Iftherewerenoelectricity\n注意主从句时间不一致情况下的虚拟语气:时间错综句(这时虚拟句谓语动词的形式应根据具体时间加以调整)例如:（二）、时间错综句Ifyouhadworkedhardyesterday,youwouldbetirednow.1.Iftheflowerhadbeenwatered,it______now.A.wouldn’tdieB.isdeadC.hadbeendeadD.willnotdie2.Ifhistelevisionsethadnotbeenstolenyesterday,he______TVnow.A.wouldwatchB.wouldhavewatchedC.wouldbewatchingD.iswatching\n3.ItishardformetoimaginewhatIwouldbedoingtodayifI_____inlove,attheageofseven,withtheMelindaCoxLibraryinmyhometown.(02上海)A.wouldn’thavefallenB.hadnotfallenC.shouldfallD.weretofall\n2)---Wouldyouhavecalledherup_____possible?---Yes,butI_____busydoingmyhomework.A.haditbeen…wasB.ifitwas…wereC.ifithadbeen…hadbeenD.ifitwere…wouldbe问句中用的是虚拟语气，主句用wouldhavecalled,从句中与过去相反的动词形式为haddone；答句中表示的是真实的情况，所以该用陈述语气。（三）、虚实错综句所谓“虚实错综句”是指虚拟现象与客观事实错综交织在一起的句子。这就需要我们细心判断哪一处是虚拟语气，哪一处应使用陈述语气。\n1.They______earlier,butthecarwasn’tready.A.canhaveleftB.mayhaveleftC.willhaveleftD.mighthaveleft2.—Wecouldhavewalkedtothestation;itwassonear.—Yes.Ataxi______atallnecessary.A.wasn’tB.hadn’tbeenC.wouldn’tbeD.won’tbewould+动词原形＋but+现在事实的陈述句would+have+过去分词＋but+过去时陈述句\nConsolidationWriteseveralsentencesorashortpassagetoexpressyourwishes,dreams,complaints,etcbyusingtheSubjunctiveMoodwe’velearned.(Makefulluseofyourimagination.)\nHomework:Finishofftheexercisesgivenbytheteacher.