高中英语 Reading课件 新人教版必修5 56页

人教课标版高二必修5Unit1\nReading\nWarmingUpTherearesomegreatscientificachievementsthathavechangedtheworld.Canyounamesomeofthem?Whatkindofroledotheyplayinthefieldofscience?Dotheseachievementshaveanythingincommon?Matchtheinventionswiththeirinventorsbelowbeforeyouanswerallthesequestions.\nAlexanderBellelectricityThomasEdisontheFirsttelephoneLaiteBrotherstheelectricLampMadameCurieblackholesinUniverseFranklinTheoryofGravityStevenHawkingtheFirstPlaneElbertEinsteinRadiumIsaacNewtontheTheoryofRelativity\nWhoishe?Heis…Archimedes(阿基米德)Whichscientistdiscoveredthatobjectsinwaterareliftedupbyaforcethathelpsthemfloat?\nCharlesDarwin.Whoishe?Heis…Whowroteabookexplaininghowanimalsandplantsdevelopedastheenvironmentchanged?\nThomasNewcomen.Whoishe?Heis…Whoinventedthefirststeamengine?\nGregorMendelWhoishe?Heis…Whousedpeastoshowhowphysicalcharacteristicsarepassedfromparentstotheirchildren?\nMarieCurieWhoishe?Heis…Whodiscoveredradium?\nThomasEdisonWhoishe?Heis…Whoinventedthewayofgivingelectricitytoeverybodyinlargecities?\nLeonardodaVinciWhoishe?Heis…Whowasthepainterthatstudieddeadbodiestoimprovehispaintingofpeople?\nHumphryDavyWhoishe?Heis…Whoinventedalamptokeepminerssafeunderground?\n张衡Whoishe?Heis…Whoinventedtheearliestinstrumenttotellpeoplewhereearthquakeshappened?\nStephenHawkingWhoishe?Heis…Whoputforwardatheoryaboutblackholes?\nLead-inSupplythefollowingwordswithdetail.JohnSnowCholera\nJohnSnow(1813-1858)JohnSnowwasborninYorkonMarch15th,1813,theoldestofninechildren.YorkLondon\nHisfatherworkedasalaborer.Whilepoor,hisparentsweredeterminedtogivetheirchildrenwhatevereducationalopportunitiestheycouldafford.Hewaseducatedataprivateschoolinhisnativecityuntiltheageoffourteen,whenhewasapprenticed(当学徒)toWilliamHardcastle,asurgeon(外科医生)livingatNewcastle-on-Tyne.\nAfterservingforashorttimeasasurgeonandunqualifiedassistantduringthecholeraepidemicof1831-1982,hebecameinOctober1836astudentattheHunterianSchoolofmedicineinGreatWindmillStreet,London.HebegantoattendthemedicalpracticeattheWestminsterHospitalinthefollowingOctober.\n183637383940184541424344HegraduatedM.D.oftheUniversityofLondonon20Dec.1844,andin1850hewasadmittedalicentiateoftheRoyalCollegeofPhysicians.\nHedesignedachloroforminhaler(氯仿吸入器),describedinhisbook,OnChloroformandotherAnesthetics,publishedin1858.Dr.Snowwasalsoaprominentanesthesiologist(麻醉师)Whatelsewashefamousfor?\nWhatisCholera?CholeraistheillnesscausedbyabacteriumcalledVibriacholerae.Itinfectspeople’sintestines(肠),causingdiarrhea(腹泻),vomitingandlegcramps.\nThemostcommoncauseofcholeraisbysomeoneeatingfoodordrinkingwaterthathasbeencontaminatedwiththebacteria.\nAfteradisaster,thisisaveryrealdanger,sinceregular,cleanwaterandfoodsuppliesareoftenunavailable.Thediseasecanbespreadevenfurtherbyinfectedpeopleusingalreadydirtywatersourcestocleanthemselvesordisposeofwaste.\nCholeracanbemildorevenwithoutsymptoms,aseverecasecanleadtodeathwithoutimmediatetreatment.Thediarrheaandvomitingbroughtonbytheinfectionquicklyleavesthebodywithoutenoughfluid.Thefollowingdehydration(脱水)andshockcankillapersonwithinhours.\nLookatthepicture,thetitleandthemap,guesswhatisthecontentofthetext?Thenskimitquicklytoseeifyouwereright.\nWhenwewanttosolvesomeproblem.Firstweshouldfindtheproblem,dosomeresearchonit,proveyourfinding,andthenmakeaconclusion.Thisisascientificandobjectivewayofresearching.1.Whatorderwouldyouputthesevenin?\ndrawaconclusionfindaproblemmakeaquestionthinkofamethodcollectresultsanalysetheresultsFindsupportingevidencedrawaconclusionthinkofamethodcollectresultsmakeaquestionfindaproblemanalysetheresultsFindsupportingevidencePleaseputthe7stagesinrightorderaccordingtothepassage.\nInfectiousdiseasescanbespreadtootherpeople.Theyhaveanunknowncauseandneedpublichealthcaretosolvethem.2.Whatdoyouknowaboutinfectiousdiseases?\nRepel(回避)maybeexposedtoaninfectiousdiseases,somayanimals,suchasbirdflu.AIDS,SARSareinfectiousdiseases.Infectiousdiseasesaredifficulttocure.\nCholeraistheillnesscausedbyabacteriumcalledVariancholera.Ifinfectspeople’sintestines(肠胃),causingdiarrhea,vomitingandlegcramps(腹痛).3.Whatdoyouknowaboutcholera?\nThemostcommoncauseofcholeraisbysomeoneeatingfoodordrinkingwaterthathasbeencontaminated(污染)withthebacteria.\nCholeracanbemild(不严重的)orevenwithoutsymptoms(症状),butaseverecasecanleadtodeathwithoutimmediatelytreatment.\nGermanyGreatBritainDeathoffirstcholeracaseinLondonduringthe1848-49epidemicLondonPreviouscholeraepidemicinGreatBritainin1831-32Thespreadofcholera\nJohnSnowDefeats“KingCholera”\nWhatistheproblem?Cholerawasthedeadlydiseaseofitsday.Neitheritscausenoritscurewasunderstood.What’sthecauseofcholera?\nMakeaquestion:twotheories1.Choleramultipliedintheair.Acloudofdangerousgasfloatedarounduntilitfounditsvictims.2.Peopleabsorbeditwiththeirmeals.\nBroadStreetManydeathshappenedhere.Nodeathhappenedhere.Thewaterfromthepumpwastoblame.Publichouse\nSmall,white,flocculentparticlesThewaterwasfromtheriverwhichhadbeenpollutedbythedirtywaterfromLondon.\nFindsupportingevidence:Whatextraevidencedidhefind?Awomanandherdaughterwholivedfarawaybutdrankthewateralsodied.DrawaconclusionwithcertaintyThepollutedwatercarriedthevirus.\nI.Readthetextcarefullyandfillintheblanks.Manypeoplediedofcholera.JohnSnowtriedtofindoutits_____and____Peopledrankwaterfromthepumpin______Street.Mostdied.causecureBroadComprehending\nFamiliesweregivenfreebeerinthepubat__________Street.Peopleremovedthe______fromthewaterpump.Peoplehadno________Thedisease___________Cambridgedeathshandlesloweddown\n_______watercarriedthedisease.Theory2thatpeople________thediseasewiththeirmealsprovedright.Andtheory1waswrong.________thesourceofallthewatersupplies.PollutedabsorbedExamine\nII.True(T)orfalse(F):1.Cholerawouldneverbecontrolledevenifitscausewasfound.2.Thediseaseattackedthebodyquicklyfromthestomachandsoontheaffectedpersondied.3.JohnSnowbegantocollecttheinformationbeforethediseasespread.FTF\n4.Intwoparticularstreets,500peoplediedin10dayswhenanotheroutbreakhitLondonin1854.5.DeathsofthewomanandherdaughterwerelinkedtotheBroadStreetoutbreak.6.Onlyordinarypeoplediedwhencholerabrokeout.FTF\nIII.Choosethebestanswers.1.What’sthepurposeofthetext?A.Toshowushowdifficultitwastofindacureforcholera.B.TotellushowJohnSnowfoundthecauseofcholeraandthecureforit.C.Toshowushowdifficultitwastocarryoutexperimentsatthattime.D.Totellusthewaycholeraspreadandhowseriousitwas.\n2.WhatinspiredJohnSnowaccordingtothefirstparagraph?BeingQueenVictoria’spersonalphysician.B.Findingwherecholerahappened.C.Helpingordinarypeoplewhosufferedfromcholera.\n3.What’stheuseofJohnSnow’smapinhisresearch?Tohelphimfindthenumberofdeadpeople.B.Tohelphimnotlosehisway.C.Tohelphimfindthereasonofthecholeraoutbreak.\n4.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothetext?A.JohnSnowbecamefamousaftercholerahitEnglandinthe19thcentury.B.JohnSnowbegantocollectinformationlongbeforecholerahitEnglandinthe19thcentury.C.ThemotherandherdaughtermentionedinthetextbothlivedinBroadStreet.D.JohnSnowfeltunsureaboutthecauseofcholeraafterhefinishedthemap.\n5.Whywascholeracalled“KingCholera”inthetext?A.Becausecholeracausedmanydeaths.B.BecauseitgotitsnamefromQueenVictoria.C.Becausecholerawasthemostdeadlydiseaseofitsday.D.Becauseitwasdefeatedwiththehelpoftheking.\n6.Anothertitleofthetextmightbe______.JohnSnowandcholeraThediscoveryofcholeraC.JohnSnow:agreatscientist\nWhatshouldyoudoifyou'retravellingtoacountrythathasacholeraoutbreak?Drinkonlywaterthatyouhaveboiledortreatedwithchlorineoriodine.Othersafedrinksincludeteaorcoffeemadewithboiledwaterandcarbonated,bottledbeverageswithnoice.\nEatonlyfoodthat'sbeenthoroughlycookedandisstillhot,orfruitthatyou'vepeeledyourself.Avoidundercookedorrawfishandshellfish.\nAvoidrawsaladsandvegetables.Avoidfoodanddrinksfromstreetvendors."Boilit,cookit,peelit,orforgetit."TIPS\nGroupDiscussion1.JohnSnowbelievedIdea2wasright.Howdidhefinallyproveit?JohnSnowfinallyprovedhisideabecausehefoundanoutbreakthatwasclearlyrelatedtocholera,collectedinformationandwasabletotiecasesoutsidetheareatothepollutedwater.\n2.DoyouthinkJohnSnowwouldhavesolvedthisproblemwithoutthemap?No.ThemaphelpedJohnSnoworganizehisideas.Hewasabletoidentifythosehouseholdsthathadhadmanydeathsandchecktheirwater-drinkinghabits.Heidentifiedthosehousesthathadhadnodeathsandsurveyedtheirdrinkinghabits.Theevidenceclearlypointedtothepollutedwaterbeingthecause.\n3.Choleraisa19thcenturydisease.Whatdiseasedoyouthinkissimilartocholeratoday?Twodiseases,whicharesimilartoday,areSARSandAIDSbecausetheyarebothserious,haveanunknowncauseandneedpublichealthcaretosolvethem.