2018考研英语二模拟试题1与答案高中课件精选 25页

2018考研英语二模拟试题及答案（一）　Directions:　　Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandmarkA,B,CorDontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)　　InCambodia,thechoiceofaspouseisacomplexonefortheyoungmale.Itmayinvolvenotonlyhisparentsandhisfriends,__1__thoseoftheyoungwoman,butalsoamatchmaker.Ayoungmancan__2__alikelyspouseonhisownandthenaskhisparentsto__3__themarriagenegotiations,ortheyoungman’sparentsmaymakethechoiceofaspouse,givingthechildlittletosayintheselection.__4__,agirlmayvetothespouseherparentshavechosen.__5__aspousehasbeenselected,eachfamilyinvestigatestheothertomakesureitschildismarrying__6__agoodfamily.　　Thetraditionalweddingisalongandcolorfulaffair.Formerlyitlastedthreedays,__7__bythe1980sitmorecommonlylastedadayandahalf.Buddhistpriestsofferashortsermonand__8__prayersofblessing.Partsoftheceremonyinvolveritualhaircutting,__9__cottonthreadssoakedinholywateraroundthebride’sandgroom’swrists,and__10__acandlearoundacircleofhappilymarriedandrespectedcouplestoblessthe__11__.Newlysedstraditionallymoveinwiththewife’sparentsandmay__12__withthemuptoayear,__13__theycanbuildanewhousenearby.　　Divorceislegalandeasyto__14__,butnotcommon.Divorecedpersonsare__15__withsomedisapproval.Eachspouseretains__16__propertyheorshe__17__intothemarriage,andjointly-acquiredpropertyis__18__equally.Divorcedpersonsmayremarry,butagenderprejudice__19__up:Thedivorcedmaledoesn’thaveawaitingperiodbeforehecanremarry__20__thewomanmustwaittenmonths.　　1.[A]bywayof[B]onbehalfof[C]aswellas[D]withregardto　[标准答案][C]aswellas　　[考点分析]逻辑关系　　[选项分析]因为考查逻辑关系，所以需要我们先对填空前后的原文信息做定位分析：空格处身处大环境notonly…butalso之中，这是一个明显的并列关系，表示“不仅……而且……”，该空后面的those指代前文出现的“parentsandfriends”，显然“theyoungman”与“theyoung开心快乐每一天\nwoman”为并列关系，表示“与他本人以及伴侣的父母朋友相关”，所以答案只能是[C]项aswellas也，又。[A]项bywayof通过，[D]项withregardto关于，[B]项onbehalfof代表。　　2.[A]adaptto[B]providefor[C]competewith[D]decideon　　[标准答案][D]decideon　　[考点分析]上下文语义　　[选项分析]根据该句的主语ayoungman与宾语alikelyspouse的关系，答案只能是[D]项decideon“决定”，表示自己决定自己的配偶。[B]项providefor为……提供准备……，provide为及物动词，直接跟宾语，不需要加介词；[C]项competewith“与……竞争”，[A]项adaptto“适用”。　　3.[A]close[B]remew[C]arrange[D]postpone　　[标准答案][C]arrange　　[考点分析]上下文语义及动词辨析　　[选项分析]该句意思为：他可以自己选择自己中意的伴侣并让父母_____婚姻谈判。四个选项中，[A]项close关闭；[B]项renew更新，恢复；[D]项postpone推迟；这三项语义不正确，只有[C]项arrange“安排”符合语境。　　4.[A]Aboveall[B]Intheory[C]Intime[D]Forexample　　[标准答案][B]Intheory　　[考点分析]上下文语义　　[选项分析]逻辑判断题主要是看前后两句的含义，前面说“他可以自己选择自己中意的伴侣并让父母安排婚姻谈判，或者完全由父母选择对象，不给孩子选择的机会。”空格后面说“女方可以否决她父母所选择的对象。”这两句之间显然是相反的关系，且有一个may，更证明[B]项Intheory“理论上说”的正确性，而其他选项[A]项Aboveall最重要的是，[C]项Intime准时，[D]项Forexample举例，均不符合题意。　　5.[A]Although[B]Lest[C]After[D]Unless开心快乐每一天\n　　[标准答案][C]After　　[考点分析]上下文语义　　[选项分析]根据下文“______aspousehasbeenselected,eachfamilyinvestigatestheother…”可知，只有对象选择好后，父母才会去调查对方，显然表达的是时间先后顺序，所以只有after才对。其他选项[A]项Although尽管，[B]项Lest以免，唯恐，[D]Unless除非，否则都不符合题意。　　6.[A]into[B]within[C]from[D]through　　[标准答案][A]into　　[考点分析]上下文语义及介词辨析　　[选项分析]这里主要是看marry与相关介词的固定搭配及句意理解。这里marryinto就是指“通过婚姻得到[成为]……的一员”，而其他选项均没有这层含义。　　7.[A]since[B]or[C]but[D]so　　[标准答案][C]but　　[考点分析]逻辑关系　　[选项分析]根据上文“以前婚礼会持续三天”，出处句子意为“到了20世纪80年代，婚礼只持续一天半”，显然与前文发生转变，为对比关系，因此选择[C]项but但是。　　8.[A]copy[B]test[C]recite[D]create　　[标准答案][C]recite　　[考点分析]上下文语义及动词辨析　　[选项分析]空格处需要填一个动词，和后面的prayersofblessing所搭配，[C]项recite有“吟诵、朗诵”的意思，与所给短语搭配最为合理，译为“吟诵祝福的祈祷文”。　　9.[A]folding[B]piling[C]wrapping[D]tying开心快乐每一天\n　　[标准答案][D]tying　　[考点分析]上下文语义及动词辨析　　[选项分析]本题需要根据上下文语义分析，空格处需要搭配后文“棉线”，纵观四个选项[A]项折叠，[B]项堆积，[C]项包裹，[D]项系上，根据后文的“aroundthebride’sandgroom’swrists在新郎和新娘的腰间”，只有[D]项“将在圣水中浸过的棉线系在新郎和新娘的腰间”符合句意。　　10.[A]passing[B]lighting[C]hiding[D]serving　　[标准答案][A]passing　　[考点分析]上下文语义及动词辨析　　[选项分析]原文空格需要填写一个动词与后文“aroundacircle”来搭配，译为“将蜡烛传一圈”，故[A]项“传递”为正确选项。[B]项点亮，[C]项隐藏，[D]项服务。　　11.[A]meeting[B]collection[C]association[D]union　　[标准答案][D]union　　[考点分析]名词辨析　　[选项分析]本句语义为“将蜡烛绕着幸福完婚和受人尊敬的夫妻传递一圈来祝福”，[D]项结合，引申为“婚姻”之意；根据语境，[D]项正确。　　12.[A]grow[B]part[C]deal[D]live　　[标准答案][D]live　　[考点分析]上下文语义及动词辨析　　[选项分析]本题比较简单。根据语义“根据传统，新婚夫妇要搬到妻子父母家，与父母____一年”，[D]项“生活”为最佳答案。[C]项交易，[B]项分开，[A]项成长。　　13.[A]whereas[B]until[C]if[D]for开心快乐每一天\n　　[标准答案][B]until　　[考点分析]时间逻辑关系　　[选项分析]本句意为“_____他们在附近建造一栋新房子”，[A]项然而，[B]项直到，[D]项因为，[C]项如果，结合前文“新婚夫妇根据传统要和女方家人生活一年”，前后存在一定的时间关系，[B]项“直到”最符合原文语境，搭配最为合理。　　14.[A]avoid[B]follow[C]challenge[D]obtain　　[标准答案][D]obtain　　[考点分析]上下文语义及动词辨析　　[选项分析]Divorceislegalandrelativelyeasyto__14__,butnotcommon.该句句意为“离婚是合法的，且相对容易____。”[A]项avoid避免，[B]项follow跟随，[C]项challenge挑战，质疑，[D]项obtain获得，实现。根据关键词“legal”可知这里表达的是正面的意思，再根据句意选择[D]项。　　15.[A]isolated[B]persuaded[C]viewed[D]exposed　　[标准答案][C]viewed　　[考点分析]上下文语义及动词辨析　　[选项分析]Divorcedpersonsare__15__withsomedisapproval.离婚的人一些不认可。本段第一句提到“离婚是合法的且相对容易得到批准，但是不常见。”这句其实是在说明离婚并不常见的原因，[A]项isolated孤立，[B]项persuaded劝说，[C]项viewed看待，[D]项exposed接触，受到……的影响，[C]项最符合句意。　　16.[A]whereever[B]whatever[C]whenever[D]however　　[标准答案][B]whatever　　[考点分析]关系代词辨析　　[选项分析]Eachspouseretains___16___propertyheorshe__17__intothemarriage.开心快乐每一天\n17小题四个选项都是动词，所以该句意思为：夫妇双方保有财产，这个财产是他或她进婚姻的。结合[A]项whereever“无论何地；任何（地方）=anyplacewhere(定从)”；[B]项whatever“无论什么；任何（东西）=anythingthat/any+Nthat”；[C]项whenever无论何时；任何时间=anytimewhen；[D]项however无论如何；无论多么。根据语义，这里应该不是让步的关系，而且填的这个词还要能修饰property。因此，选择[B]项，等于retainsanypropertythatheorshe……。　　17.[A]changed[B]brought[C]shaped[D]pushed　　[标准答案][B]brought　　[考点分析]上下文语义及动词义辨析　　[选项分析]Eachspouseretains___16___propertyheorshe__17__intothemarriage，结合[A]项changed“改变”，[B]项brought“带来”，[C]项shaped“形成”，[D]项pushed“推，逼迫”。结合语境只有[B]项符合句意，意为“把财产带入婚姻”。　　18.[A]invested[B]divided[C]donated[D]withdrawn　　[标准答案][B]divided　　[考点分析]上下文语义及动词义辨析　　[选项分析]...andjointly-acquiredpropertyis__18__equally.结合[A]项invested投资；[B]项divided分配；分开；[C]项donated捐赠；[D]项withdrawn撤出，提取。根据语义应该是共同财产被（夫妻双方）平分，因此选择[B]项。　　19.[A]warms[B]clears[C]shows[D]breaks　　[标准答案][C]shows　　[考点分析]动词固定搭配　　[选项分析]Divorcedpersonsmayremarry,butagenderprejudice__19__up.该句语义为离过婚的人或许会再婚，但是性别偏见。[A]项warmup加热，热身；[B]项clearup（天气）变晴，收拾，消除；[C]项showup显现；[D]项breakup分裂，分开；根据句意，选择[C]项。　　20.[A]while[B]sothat[C]once[D]inthat开心快乐每一天\n　　[标准答案][A]while　　[选项分析]上下文语义　　[考点分析]本句句意为：离婚的男性再婚不需要等待期，女性必须等十个月。显然前后两句存在转折关系，只有[A]项while“然而”能够表达这个意思。　　SectionⅡReadingComprehension　　PartADirections：Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsaftereachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.MarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEET1.(40points)　Text1　　France,whichpridesitselfastheglobalinnovatoroffashion,hasdecideditsfashionindustryhaslostanabsoluterighttodefinephysicalbeautyforwomen.Itslawmakersgavepreliminaryapprovallastweektoalawthatwouldmakeitacrimetoemployultra-thinmodelsonrunways.　　Theparliamentalsoagreedtobanwebsitesthat“inciteexcessivethinness”bypromotingextremedieting.　　Suchmeasureshaveacoupleofupliftingmotives.Theysuggestbeautyshouldnotbedefinedbylooksthatendupimpingingonhealth.That’sastart.Andthebanonultra-thinmodelsseemstogobeyondprotectingmodelsfromstarvingthemselvestodeath-assomehavedone.Ittellsthefashionindustrythatitmusttakeresponsibilityforthesignalitsendswomen,especiallyteenagegirls,aboutthesocialtape-measuretheymustusetodeterminetheirindividualworth.　　Thebans,iffullyenforced,wouldsuggesttowomen(andmanymen)thattheyshouldnotletothersbearbitersoftheirbeauty.Andperhapsfaintly,theyhintthatpeopleshouldlooktointangiblequalitieslikecharacterandintellectratherthandietingtheirwaytosizezeroorwasp-waistphysiques.　　TheFrenchmeasures,however,relytoomuchonseverepunishmenttochangeaculturethatstillregardsbeautyasskin-deep—andbone-showing.Underthelaw,usingafashionmodelthatdoesnotmeetagovernment-definedindexofbodymasscouldresultina$85,000fineandsixmonthsinprison.　　Thefashionindustryknowsithasaninherentprobleminfocusingonmaterialadornmentandidealizedbodytypes.InDenmark,theUnitedStates,andafewothercountries,itistryingto开心快乐每一天\nsetvoluntarystandardsformodelsandfashionimagesthatrelymoreonpeerpressureforenforcement.　　IncontrasttoFrance’sactions,Denmark’sfashionindustryagreedlastmonthonrulesandsanctionsregardingtheage,health,andothercharacteristicsofmodels.ThenewlyrevisedDanishFashionEthicalCharterclearlystates:“Weareawareofandtakeresponsibilityfortheimpactthefashionindustryhasonbodyideals,especiallyonyoungpeople.’Thecharter’smaintoolofenforcementistodenyaccessfordesignersandmodelingagenciestoCopenhagenFashionWeek,whichisrunbytheDanishFashionInstitute.Butingeneralitreliesonaname-and-shamemethodofcompliance.　　Relyingonethicalpersuasionratherthanlawtoaddressthemisuseofbodyidealsmaybethebeststep.Evenbetterwouldbetohelpelevatenotionsofbeautybeyondthematerialstandardsofaparticularindustry.　　21.Accordingtothefirstparagraph,whatwouldhappeninFrance?　　[A]Physicalbeautywouldberedefined.　　[B]Newrunwayswouldbeconstructed.　　[C]Websitesaboutdietingwouldthrive.　　[D]Thefashionindustrywoulddecline.　　【答案】[A]Physicalbeautywouldberedefined　　【解析】推断题。根据France定位到文章前两段，第一段讲法国决定时装业失去了定义（define）形体美（physicalbeauty）的绝对权力。法国的立法者通过了一项法律，雇用超瘦的模特属于犯罪，议会也禁止网站通过推崇极端节食“鼓动过度瘦弱”。第二段第二句提到“Theysuggestbeautyshouldnotbedefinedbylooksthatendupimpingingonhealth.That’sastart.他们建议美丽不应该以伤害身体健康为代价的外表来界定。”由此可知，法国通过立法手段来改变法国时装业模特超瘦的现状，即[A]项的“形体美将会被重新定义”，是对原文内容的合理推断。[B]项“将会建造新的舞台”，[C]项“有关节食的网站将会兴起”，[D]项“时装业将会衰退”，均不能从文中推测出来，属于“无中生有”。　　22.Thephrase“impingingon”(Line2,Para2)isclosestinmeaningto____　　[A]heighteningthevalueof.　　[B]indicatingthestateof.　　[C]losingfaithin.开心快乐每一天\n　　[D]doingharmto.　　【答案】[D]doingharmto　　【解析】猜词题。定位到第二段第二句“Theysuggestbeautyshouldnotbedefinedbylooksthatendupimpingingonhealth.他们建议美丽不应该以身体健康为代价的外表来界定。”impingingon后面的宾语为“health”，即对健康的某种影响。根据第二段第三句“对超瘦模特的禁令似乎不仅仅是在防止模特挨饿致死——正如曾有人这么做过的”，可见法国目前的对美丽的定义导致了有人为了保持身材，挨饿致死，因此推测出这一短语在这里的意思为“侵犯，伤害”，[D]项“对……有害”正确。[A]项“增强了……的价值”，[B]项“反映了……的状态”，[C]项“对……失去信心”均不符合句意。　　23.Whichofthefollowingistrueofthefashionindustry?　　[A]TheFrenchmeasureshavealreadyfailed.　　[B]NewstandardsarebeingsetinDenmark.　　[C]Modelarenolongerunderpeerpressure.　　[D]Itsinherentproblemsaregettingworse.　　【答案】[B]NewStandardsarebeingsetinDenmark　　【解析】细节题。根据第五段第二句话“InDenmark,...itistryingtosetvoluntarystandardsformodelsandfashion...在丹麦，它正尝试为模特设定自愿的标准……”，可知[B]项“在丹麦新的标准正在被设定”是对原文的同义替换。[A]项“法国的措施失败了”；[C]项“不再有来自同行执法的压力”，文章第五段第二句后半句提到“imagesthatrelymoreonpeerpressureforenforcement”，属于“正反混淆”；[D]项“它固有的问题变得更严重了”，文中第五段只提及时装业有固有的问题，并未提及“变得更严重”，属于“无中生有”。　　24.AdesignerismostlikelytoberejectedbyCFWfor____　　[A]settingahighagethresholdformodels.　　[B]caringtoomuchaboutmodels’character.　　[C]showinglittleconcernforhealthfactors.　　[D]pursuingperfectphysicalconditions.　　【答案】[C]showinglittleconcernforhealthfactors开心快乐每一天\n　　【解析】推断题。题设为“一个设计师很可能因为什么原因被CFW拒绝”，根据关键词CFW可回到文中定位至倒数第二段，该段提到丹麦的时尚界就有关模特的年龄、健康及其他特性的内容达成一致意见，且一项新法案也明确规定，他们已经意识到时尚界对于人们尤其是年轻人的身体健康所带来的影响，并且应该对此承担责任，这一法规的执行方式就是拒绝一些设计师和模特经纪机构参加哥本哈根时装周（CFW）。因此[C]项的“不关心健康因素”符合题意，为正确答案。[D]项“追求完美的身体状况”，[B]项的“过多关注模特的性格”，[A]项“设定了一个模特高龄门槛”，均不符合题意。　　25.Whichofthefollowingmaybethebesttitleofthetext?　　[A]TheGreatThreatstotheFashionIndustry　　[B]JustAnotherRoundofStruggleforBeauty　　[C]ADilemmafortheStarvingModelsinFrance　　[D]AChallengetotheFashionIndustry’sBodyIdeals　　【答案】[D]AchallengetotheFashionIndustry’sBodyIdeals　　【解析】主旨题。本文从首段就开始阐述法国通过立法禁止雇用超瘦的模特，时装业已经失去了定义女性身体之美的绝对权力，且议会也禁止网站通过宣传过度节食来强调过度消瘦。第二段继续说明美丽不能只看外表，更不能以牺牲健康为代价，时装业应该为传递给女性的不良信息负责。第三段说明女性不该让他人来评判自己的美丽。第四段讲法国的措施更多的是依靠严厉的惩罚。最后三段提到了丹麦与法国截然不同的措施。纵观全文，文章主要在讲各个国家对解决目前模特超瘦的现状的措施，因此[D]项的“对时装业身体典范的挑战”是对原文的“高度概括”。　　　　Text2　　JusthowmuchdoestheConstitutionprotectyourdigitaldata?TheSupremeCourtwillnowconsiderwhetherpolicecansearchthecontentsofamobilephonewithoutawarrantifthephoneisonoraroundapersonduringanarrest.　　Californiahasaskedthejusticestorefrainfromasweepingruling,particularlyonethatupsetstheoldassumptionsthatauthoritiesmaysearchthroughthepossessionsofsuspectsatthetimeoftheirarrest.Itishard,thestateargues,forjudgestoassesstheimplicationsofnewandrapidlychangingtechnologies.　　ThecourtwouldberecklesslymodestifitfollowedCalifornia'sadvice.Enoughoftheimplicationsarediscernable,evenobvious,sothatthejusticecanandshouldprovideupdated开心快乐每一天\nguidelinestopolice,lawyersanddefendants.　　TheyshouldstartbydiscardingCalifornia'slameargumentthatexploringthecontentsofasmartphone--avaststorehouseofdigitalinformationissimilartosay,goingthroughasuspect'spurse.Thecourthasruledthatpolicedon'tviolatetheFourthAmendmentwhentheygothroughthewalletorpocketbook,ofanarresteewithoutawarrant.Butexploringone'ssmartphoneismorelikeenteringhisorherhome.Asmartphonemaycontainanarrestee'sreadinghistory,financialhistory,medicalhistoryandcomprehensiverecordsofrecentcorrespondence.Thedevelopmentof"cloudcomputing,"meanwhile,hasmadethatexplorationsomuchtheeasier.　　ButthejusticesshouldnotswallowCalifornia'sargumentwhole.New,disruptivetechnologysometimesdemandsnovelapplicationsoftheConstitution'sprotections.OrinKerr,alawprofessor,comparestheexplosionandaccessibilityofdigitalinformationinthe21stcenturywiththeestablishmentofautomobileuseasadigitalnecessityoflifeinthe20th:Thejusticeshadtospecifynovelrulesforthenewpersonaldomainofthepassengercarthen;theymustsortouthowtheFourthAmendmentappliestodigitalinformationnow.　　26.TheSupremeCourt,willworkoutwhether,duringanarrest,itislegitimateto　　[A]searchforsuspects'mobilephoneswithoutawarrant.　　[B]checksuspects'phonecontentswithoutbeingauthorized.　　[C]preventsuspectsfromdeletingtheirphonecontents.　　[D]prohibitsuspectsfromusingtheirmobilephones.　　27.Theauthor'sattitudetowardCalifornia'sargumentisoneof　　[A]tolerance.　　[B]indifference.　　[C]disapproval.　　[D]cautiousness.　　28.Theauthorbelievesthatexploringone'sphonecontentiscomparableto　　[A]gettingintoone'sresidence.　　[B]handingone'shistoricalrecords.　　[C]scanningone'scorrespondences.　　[D]goingthroughone'swallet.　　29.InParagraph5and6,theauthorshowshisconcernthat　　[A]principlesarehardtobeclearlyexpressed.开心快乐每一天\n　　[B]thecourtisgivingpolicelessroomforaction.　　[C]phonesareusedtostoresensitiveinformation.　　[D]citizens'privacyisnoteffectiveprotected.　　30.OrinKerr'scomparisonisquotedtoindicatethat　　(A)theConstitutionshouldbeimplementedflexibly.　　(B)NewtechnologyrequiresreinterpretationoftheConstitution.　　(C)California'sargumentviolatesprinciplesoftheConstitution.　　(D)PrinciplesoftheConstitutionshouldneverbealtered.　　T2　　26答案Bchecksuspects'phonecontentswithoutbeingauthorized　　解析：细节题。根据自然段定位原则，定位到首段。根据题干关键词supremecourt，whether精确定位到第一段最后一句whetherpolicecansearchthecontentsofamobilephone….，与选项进行对应，即为B在不授权的情况下检查嫌疑人的电话信息。注意A选项应是searchcontents。　　27答案Cdisapproval　　解析：态度题。根据题干California'sargument定位到第二段最后一句及第三段首句，这些句子中提到hard…recklesslymodest…等负向词，表达的是负面态度。看选项属于负面的就是disapproval。A容忍，B冷漠是典型错误，D粗心。　　28答案Agettingintoone'sresidence　　解析：细节题。题干问：作者认为搜索电话薄就相当于什么？根据段落界定原则定位到第四段转折处，提到Butexploringone'ssmartphoneismorelikeenteringhisorherhome.与选项对应，A中的residence对应home，是原文的同意替换。注意D选项不是作者的观点，不能将文中人物观点当作作者观点。　　29答案Dcitizens'privacyisnoteffectiveprotected　　解析：细节题。根据题干定位到5段和6段，题干问作者最关注的是什么，即是相应段落的段落中心。因此，该题表面是细节题，实质为段落核心。5段首句为中心句提到，应采取措施保护数据隐私；6段又继续陈述原则的不恰当之处。根据这些内容，对应答案D市民隐私未能得到有效保护。　　30答案BNewtechnologyrequiresreinterpretationoftheConstitution解析：例证题。题干问的是引用OrinKerr的目的是什么，即OrinKerr是论据，其目的是论点。论点往往在论据的前面，所以要找例子前面的一句话，即New,disruptivetechnologysometimesdemandsnovelapplicationsoftheConstitution'sprotections.与选项对应，就是B开心快乐每一天\nnewtechnology是原词复现，require等同于demands，reinterpretationoftheConstitution同义替换applicationsoftheConstitution'sprotections。Text3　　“Thereisoneandonlyonesocialresponsibilityofbusinesses,”wroteMiltonFriedman,aNobelprize-winningeconomist,“Thatis,touseitsresourcesandengageinactivitiesdesignedtoincreaseitsprofits.”ButevenifyouacceptFiredman’spremiseandregardcorporatesocialresponsibility(CSR)policiesasawasteofshareholders’money,thingsmaynotbeabsolutelyclear-cut.NewresearchsuggeststhatCSRmaycreatemonetaryvalueforcompanies-atleastwhentheyareprosecutedforcorruption.　　ThelargestfirmsinAmericaandBritaintogetherspendmorethan$15billionayearonCSR,accordingtoanestimatebyEPG,aconsultingfirm.Thiscouldaddvaluetotheirbusinessesinthreeways.First,consumersmaytakeCSRspendingasa“signal”thatacompany’sproductsareofhighquality.Second,customersmaybewillingtobuyacompany’sproductsasanindirectwaytodonatetothegoodcausesithelps.Andthird,throughamorediffuse“haloeffect,”wherebyitsgooddeedsearnitgreaterconsiderationfromconsumersandothers.　　PreviousstudiesonCSRhavehadtroubledifferentiatingtheseeffectsbecauseconsumerscanbeaffectedbyallthree.ArecentstudyattemptstoseparatethembylookingatbriberyprosecutionsunderAmerica’sForeignCorruptPracticesAct(FCPA).Itarguesthatsinceprosecutorsdonotconsumeacompany’sproductsaspartoftheirinvestigations,theycouldbeinfluencedonlybythehaloeffect.　　Thestudyfoundthat,amongprosecutedfirms,thosewiththemostcomprehensiveCSRprogrammestendedtogetmorelenientpenalties.Theiranalysisruledoutthepossibilitythatitwasfirms’politicalinfluence,ratherthantheirCSRstand,thataccountedfortheleniency:Companiesthatcontributedmoretopoliticalcampaignsdidnotreceivelowerfines.　　Inall,thestudyconcludesthatwhereasprosecutorsshouldonlyevaluateacasebasedonitsmerits,theydoseemtobeinfluencedbyacompany’srecordinCSR.“Weestimatethateithereliminatingasubstantiallabour-rightsconcern,suchaschildlabourorincreasingcorporagivingbyabout20%resultsinfinesthatgenerallyare40%lowerthanthetypicalpunishmentforbridingforeignofficials,”saysoneresearcher.　　ResearchersadmitthattheirstudydoesnotanswerthequestionofhowmuchbusinessesoughttospendonCSR.Nordoesitrevealhowmuchcompaniesarebankingonthehaloeffectratherthantheotherpossiblebenefits,whentheydecidetheirdo-goodingpolicies.Butatleasttheyhavedemonstratedthatwhencompaniesgetintotroublewiththelaw,evidenceofgoodcharactercanwinthemalesscostlypunishment.　　31.TheauthorviewsMiltonFriedman’sstatementaboutCSRwith开心快乐每一天\n　　[A]tolerance　　[B]skepticism　　[C]uncertainty　　[D]approval　　【答案】[B]　　【解析】观点态度题。题干问的是作者对有关CSR方面MiltonFriedman的说法是什么态度。根据信号词MiltonFriedman这个人定位到首段。注意题干问的是作者的看法，因此定位到第二句but转折处。But后句子的主干为：thingsmaynotbeabsolutelyclear-cut，可见作者对MiltonFriedman所说的内容并不完全赞同，故选择答案[B]项怀疑。[A]项容忍，[C]项不确定，[D]项赞同，这三项均不是作者的态度，故排除。　　32.AccordingtoParagraph2,CSRhelpsacompanyby　　[A]winningtrustfromconsumers.　　[B]guardingitagainstmalpractices.　　[C]protectingitfrombeingdefamed.　　[D]raisingthequalityofitsproducts.　　【答案】[A]　　【解析】细节题。根据题干中的出处提示“Paragraph2”定位到第二段第二句：Thiscouldaddvaluetotheirbusinessesinthreeways.This指的是CSR，根据接下来讲到的三点：第一点是，消费者认为这样的公司产品质量比较高；第二点是，顾客更愿意购买这样公司的产品；第三点是，通过一个更为广泛的“晕轮效应”，消费者会更多地考虑这样的公司的产品。可知，有CSR支出的公司会吸引更多的消费者，[A]项“赢得消费者的信任”，是对整个三点的总结，故为正确答案。[B]项防止公司里的玩忽职守，[C]项保护公司免受毁谤，[D]项提升公司产品的质量，均在原文中未提及，故排除。　　33.Theexpression“morelenient’(Line2,Para.4)isclosestinmeaningto　　[A]moreeffective　　[B]lesscontroversial　　[C]lesssevere开心快乐每一天\n　　[D]morelasting　　【答案】[C]　　【解析】猜词题。根据题干中的出处提示“line2,para.4”及信号词“morelenient”定位到原文中的第四段第一句：Thestudyfoundthat...penalties。明显此句中morelenient修饰penalties(惩罚)，要想推测出morelenient的含义，需要知道被起诉的公司中，那些有着全面的CSR项目的公司和penalties之间的联系。本项在第五段的最后一句最容易被看出来，第五段最后一句提到那些在CSR有较大投资的公司，当被起诉有贿赂行为时，所受到的罚金要比通常的罚金低40%左右，可知这样的公司会受到较轻的惩罚，故morelenient是较轻，即较不严重的意思，故选[C]项。[A]项更有效的，[B]项较少有争议的，[D]项更持久的，这三项均不是morelenient的意思，故排除。　　34.Whenprosecutorsevaluateacase,acompany’sCSRrecord　　[A]hasanimpactontheirdecision.　　[B]comesacrossasreliableevidence.　　[C]increasesthechanceofbeingpenalized.　　[D]constitutespartoftheinvestigation.　　【答案】[A]　　【解析】细节题。题干问的是CSRrecord与prosecutorsevaluateacase的关系，根据题干中的信号词prosecutorsevaluateacase可回文中定位到第五段第一句：Inall...inCSR。这里的beinfluenced与[A]项hasanimpact对应，即一个公司的CSR会影响检察官对其案件的评估，故选[A]项。[B]项被检察官认为是可靠的证据，[C]项增加了被惩罚的机会，[D]项构成了调查的一部分，这三项均在原文中没有提及，故排除。　　35.WhichofthefollowingistrueofCSR,accordingtothelastparagraph?　　[A]Itsnegativeeffectsonbusinessesareoftenoverlooked.　　[B]Thenecessaryamountofcompanies’spendingonitisunknown.　　[C]Companies’financialcapacityforithasbeenoverestimated.　　[D]Ithasbroughtmuchbenefittothebankingindustry.　　【答案】[B]开心快乐每一天\n　　【解析】判断题题干问的是根据最后一段，有关CSR的论述哪个是对的。定位到原文最后一段，根据其内容可知“研究人员承认到其研究没有回答如下问题：公司应该在CSR方面花费多少钱”。[B]项的意思是“公司在CSR方面的花费是未知的”，属于原文的同义替换，故正确。[A]项CSR对公司的负面影响经常被忽视，[C]项公司对CSR的经济承担力被过高估计了，[D]项CSR给银行业带来了很多好处，这三项在文中均为提及，故排除。　　Text4　　Twoyearsago,RupertMurdoch'sdaughter,Elisabeth,spokeofthe"unsettlingdearthofintegrityacrosssomanyofourinstitutions".Integrityhadcollapsed,sheargued,becauseofacollectiveacceptancethattheonly"sortingmechanism"insocietyshouldbeprofitandthemarket.But"it'sus,humanbeings,wethepeoplewhocreatethesocietywewant,notprofit".　　Drivingherpointhome,shecontinued:"It'sincreasinglyapparentthattheabsenceofpurpose,ofamorallanguagewithingovernment,mediaorbusinesscouldbecomeoneofthemostdangerousgoalsforcapitalismandfreedom."ThissameabsenceofmoralpurposewaswoundingcompaniessuchasNewsInternational,shethought,makingitmorelikelythatitwouldloseitswayasithadwithwidespreadillegaltelephonehacking.　　Asthehackingtrialconcludes-findingguiltyoneex-editoroftheNewsoftheWorld,AndyCoulson,forconspiringtohackphones,andfindinghispredecessor,RebekahBrooks,innocentofthesamecharge-thewiderissueofdearthofintegritystillstands.Journalistsareknowntohavehackedthephonesofupto5,500people.Thisishackingonanindustrialscale,aswasacknowledgedbyGlennMulcaire,themanhiredbytheNewsoftheWorldin2001tobethepointpersonforphonehacking.Othersawaittrial.Thissagastillunfolds.　　Inmanyrespects,thedearthofmoralpurposeframesnotonlythefactofsuchwidespreadphonehackingbutthetermsonwhichthetrialtookplace.OneoftheastonishingrevelationswashowlittleRebekahBrooksknewofwhatwentoninhernewsroom,howlittleshethoughttoaskandthefactthatsheneverinquiredhowthestoriesarrived.Thecoreofhersuccessfuldefensewasthatsheknewnothing.　　Intoday'sworld,ithasbecomenormalthatwell-paidexecutivesshouldnotbeaccountableforwhathappensintheorganizationsthattheyrun.Perhapsweshouldnotbesosurprised.Forageneration,thecollectivedoctrinehasbeenthatthesortingmechanismofsocietyshouldbeprofit.Thewordsthathavematteredareefficiency,flexibility,shareholdervalue,business-friendly,wealthgeneration,sales,impactand,innewspapers,circulation.Wordsdegradedtothemarginhavebeenjustice,fairness,tolerance,proportionalityandaccountability.　　ThepurposeofeditingtheNewsoftheWorldwasnottopromotereaderunderstanding,tobefairinwhatwaswrittenortobetrayanycommonhumanity.Itwastoruinlivesinthequestforcirculationandimpact.MsBrooksmayormaynothavehadsuspicionsabouthowherjournalistsgottheirstories,butsheaskednoquestions,gavenoinstructions-norreceived开心快乐每一天\ntraceable,recordedanswers.　　36.Accordingtothefirsttwoparagraphs,Elisabethwasupsetby　　(A)theconsequencesofthecurrentsortingmechanism.　　(B)companies'financiallossduetoimmoralpractices　　(C)governmentalineffectivenessonmoralissues.　　(D)thewidemisuseofintegrityamonginstitutions.　　37.ItcanbeinferredfromParagraph3that　　(A)GlennMulcairemaydenyphonehackingasacrime.　　(B)morejournalistsmaybefoundguiltyofphonehacking.　　(C)AndyCoulsonshouldbeheldinnocentofthecharge.　　(D)phonehackingwillbeacceptedoncertainoccasions.　　38.TheauthorbelievesthatRebekahBrooks'sdefense　　(A)revealedacunningpersonality.　　(B)centeredontrivialissues.　　(C)washardlyconvincing.　　(D)waspartofaconspiracy.　　39.Theauthorholdsthatthecurrentcollectivedoctrineshows　　(A)generallydistortedvalues.　　(B)unfairwealthdistribution.　　(C)amarginalizedlifestyle.　　(D)arigidmoralcode.　　40Whichofthefollowingissuggestedinthelastparagraph?　　(A)Thequalityofwritingsisofprimaryimportance.　　(B)Commonhumanityiscentraltonewsreporting.　　(C)Moralawarenessmattersineditinganewspaper.　　(D)Journalistsneedstricterindustrialregulations.　　36.答案A.Theconsequencesofthecurrentsortingmechanism.因果细节题题目问到Elisbeth因什么而感到沮丧。定位在第一段第二句Intergrityhadcollapsed,...,becauseofacollectiveacceptancethattheonly"sortingmechanism"insocietyshouldbeprofitandthe开心快乐每一天\nmarket,由于社会中唯一的分类机制是利润和市场这一共同的观念，导致了正直这种道德品质的沦丧。　　37.答案Bmorejournalistsmaybefoundguiltyofphonehacking段落推断题定位到第三段第一句Asthehackingtrialconcludes....thewiderissueofdearthofintegritystillstands正如窃听案总结的那样，仍然存在更广泛的dearthofintegrity的事件，与选项B对应。　　38.答案Cwashardlyconvincing观点细节题根据第四段第二句中astonishing，howlittle...,howlittle...Shenever...以及第三句中Sheknewnothing的语气判断作者的态度是认为RB的辩护是没有说服力的。　　39.答案Agenerallydistortedvalues观点细节题题干定位在第五段第三句，答案定位在随后的第四、第五句。Thecurrentcollectivedoctrine认为重要的是efficiency,flexibility,shareholdervalue....,而认为justice,fairness....不重要，故扭曲了价值观。　　40.答案是Cmoralawarenessmattersineditinganewspaper.段落推断题定位在最后一段前两句。世界新闻杂志的目的不是提升读者的理解能力。。。。而是为了发行量和影响力而毁了人们的生活。从ruinedthelives的表达能看出作者希望杂志所做的是提高其道德意识，与C选项对应。　　PartB　　Directions:　　Inthefollowingarticle,somesentenceshavebeenremoved.ForQuestions41-45,choosethemostsuitableonefromthelistA-Gtofitintoeachofthenumberedblank.Therearetwoextrachoices,whichdonotfitinanyofthegaps.MarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEET1.(10points)　　Howdoesyourreadingproceed?Clearly,youtrytocomprehend,inthesenseofidentifyingmeaningsforindividualwordsandworkingoutrelationshipsbetweenthem,drawingonyourimplicitknowledgeofEnglishgrammar.(41)________________.Youbegintoinferacontextforthetext,forinstance,bymakingdecisionsaboutwhatkindofspeecheventisevolved.Whoismakingtheutterance,towhom,whenandwhere?　　Thewaysofreadingindicatedherearewithoutdoubtkindsofcomprehensionbuttheyshowcomprehensiontoconsistnotjustofpassiveassimilationbutofactiveengagementininferenceandproblem-solving.Youinferinformationyoufeelthewriterhasinvitedyoutograspbypresentingyouwithspecificevidenceandclues.(42)________________　　Conceivedinthisway,comprehensionwillnotfollowexactlythesametrackforeachreader.Whatisinquestionisnottheretrievalofanabsolute,fixedor"true"meaningthatcanbereadoffandcheckedforaccuracy,orsometimelessrelationshipofthetexttotheworld.(43)_____________　　Suchbackgroundmaterialinevitablyreflectswhoweare.(44)_____________.Thisdoesnot,however,makeinterpretationmerelyrelativeorevenpointless.Preciselybecausereaders开心快乐每一天\nfromdifferenthistoricalperiods,placesandsocialexperiencesproducedifferentbutoverlappingreadingsofthesamewordsonthepage---includingfortextsthatengagewithfundamentalhumanconcerns---debatesabouttextscanplayanimportantroleinsocialdiscussionofbeliefandvalues.　　Howwereadagiventextalsodependstosomeextentonourparticularinterestinreadingit.(45)_____________.Suchdimensionsofreadingsuggest---asothersintroducedlaterinthebookwillalsodo--thatwebringanimplicit(oftenunacknowledged)agendatoanyactofreading.Itdoesnotthennecessarilyfollowthatonekindofreadingisfuller,moreadvancedormoreworthwhilethananother.Ideally,differentmindsofreadinginformeachother,andactasusefulreferencepointsforandcounterbalancestooneanother.Together,theymakeupthereadingcomponentofyouroverallliteracy,orrelationshiptoyoursurroundingtextualenvironment.　　[A]Arewestudyingthattextandtryingtorespondinawaythatfulfillstherequirementofagivencourse?Readingitsimplyforpleasure?Skimmingitforinformation?Waysofreadingonatrainorinbedarelikelytodifferconsiderablyfromreadinginaseminarroom.　　[B]Factorssuchastheplaceandperiodinwhichwearereading,ourgenderethnicity,ageandsocialclasswillencourageustowardscertaininterpretationsbutatthesametimeobscureorevencloseoffothers.　　[C]Ifyouareunfamiliarwithwordsoridioms,youguessattheirmeaning,usingcluespresentedinthecontext.Ontheassumptionthattheywillbecomerelevantlater,youmakeamentalnoteofdiscourseentitiesaswellaspossiblelinksbetweenthem.　　[D]Ineffect,youtrytoreconstructthelikelymeaningsoreffectsthatanygivensentence,imageorreferencemighthavehad:Thesemightbetheonestheauthorintended.　　[E]Youmakefurtherinferences,forinstance,abouthowthetextmaybesignificanttoyou,oraboutitsvalidity-inferencesthatformthebasisofapersonalresponseforwhichtheauthorwillinevitablybefarlessresponsible.　　[F]Inplays,novelsandnarrativepoems,charactersspeakasconstructscreatedbytheauthor,notnecessarilyasmouthpiecesfortheauthor'sownthoughts.　　[G]Rather,weascribemeaningstotextsonthebasisofinteractionbetweenwhatwemightcalltextualandcontextualmaterial:betweenkindsoforganizationsorpatterningweperceiveinatext'sformalstructures(soespeciallyitslanguagestructures)andvariouskindsofbackground,socialknowledge,beliefandattitudethatwebringtothetext.　　41　【C】　　解析：41段中空，所以要看上句。空前与空后句中的主语是you,因此正确选项在C、D中存在，此其一也；Ｄ中出现了reconstruct（重组）逻辑上是再次发生，与位于句首的逻辑发生了叙述上的矛盾。故排除Ｄ选择Ｃ。另外，Ｃ中的wordsoridioms和meanings在41空前句重现，因为前句中有identifyingmeaningsforindividualwordsandworkingout开心快乐每一天\nrelationshipsbetweenthem。　　42【E】　　解析：42段尾空，所以看上一句话。空前一句中的主语是you,因此正确选项在C、D、E中存在，此其一也；其二，该句中主句谓语动词是infer,与E中的宾语inferences构成逻辑对应关系。故排除Ｃ和Ｄ选择E。另外,42空前两句提到了阅读时我们会activeengagementininferenceandproblem-solving,并针对作者文中的specificevidenceandclues　进行信息的推测。Ｅ选项中further一词表明延续此话题，用forinstance具体举例说明我们对文章信息作怎么样的推测。　　43【G】　　解析：43段尾空，应重点看本段上一句。同时下段开头出现了代词suchbackground，而G中最后一句中的background与之形成逻辑对应关系。故选择G。另外，G中Rather表示转折，与43空前句开头的not构成"not…rather…"的"不是……而是……"结构　　44【B】　　解析：44段中空，看上下句。此段空前句中有关键词background，空后句中有关键词interpretation;background逻辑上对应G中最后一句中的background，而interpretation逻辑对应B中最后一句中的interpretations.故选择B。另外，B中Factorssuchastheplaceandperiodinwhichwearereading,ourgender,ethnicity,ageandsocialclass是44空前whoweare的具体阐述。　　45【A】　　解析：45段中空，看上下句。最后一段首句主语是we,所有选项中只有A和G的主语是we;但是G中首词是转折词Rather，与首句逻辑矛盾，故排除G选择A。另外，A中具体描述了许多不同的阅读目的和方式，此为对45空前句Howwereadagiventext和ourparticularinterestinreadingit的具体阐述。A中的信息是45空后句suchdimensionsofreading的指代对象。　　PartCTranslation　　Directions:　　ReadthefollowingtextcarefullyandthentranslatetheunderlinedsegmentsintoChinese.YourtranslationshouldbewrittenclearlyonANSWERSHEET2.(10points)　　Withinthespanofahundredyears,intheseventeenthandearlyeighteenthcenturies,atideofemigration-oneofthegreatfolkwanderingsofhistory-sweptfromEuropetoAmerica.46)Thismovement,drivenbypowerfulmotivations,builtanationoutofawildernessand,byitsnature,shapedthecharacteranddestinyofanunchartedcontinent.　　47)TheUnitedStatesistheproductoftwoprincipalforces-theimmigrationofEuropeanpeopleswiththeirvariedideas,customs,andnationalcharacteristicsandtheimpactofanewcountrywhichmodifiedthesetraits.Ofnecessity,colonialAmericawasaprojectionofEurope.开心快乐每一天\nAcrosstheAtlanticcamesuccessivegroupsofEnglishmen,Frenchmen,Germans,Scots,Irishmen,Dutchmen,Swedes,andmanyotherswhoattemptedtotransplanttheirhabitsandtraditionstothenewworld.48)ButtheforceofgeographicconditionspeculiartoAmerica,theinterplayofthevariednationalgroupsupononeanother,andthesheerdifficultyofmaintainingold-worldwaysinaraw,newcontinentcausedsignificantchanges.Thesechangesweregradualandatfirstscarcelyvisible.Buttheresultwasanewsocialpatternwhich,althoughitresembledEuropeansocietyinmanyways,hadacharacterthatwasdistinctlyAmerican.　　49)ThefirstshiploadsofimmigrantsboundfortheterritorywhichisnowtheUnitedStatescrossedtheAtlanticmorethanahundredyearsafterthefifteenth-andsixteenth-centuryexplorationsofNorthAmerica.Inthemeantime,thrivingSpanishcolonieshadbeenestablishedinMexico,theWestIndies,andSouthAmerica.ThesetravelerstoNorthAmericacameinsmall,unmercifullyovercrowdedcraft.Duringtheirsix-totwelve-weekvoyage,theysubsistedonmeagerrations.Manyoftheshipswerelostinstorms,manypassengersdiedofdisease,andinfantsrarelysurvivedthejourney.Sometimestempestsblewthevesselsfarofftheircourse,andoftencalmbroughtinterminabledelay.　　TotheanxioustravelersthesightoftheAmericanshorebroughtalmostinexpressiblerelief.Saidonechronicler,"Theairattwelveleagues'distancesmeltassweetasanew-blowngarden."Thecolonists'firstglimpseofthenewlandwasavistaofdensewoods.50)Thevirginforestwithitsrichnessandvarietyoftreeswasarealtreasure-housewhichextendedfromMaineallthewaydowntoGeorgia.Herewasabundantfuelandlumber.Herewastherawmaterialofhousesandfurniture,shipsandpotash,dyesandnavalstores.　　文章来源于AnOutlineofAmericanHistory，《美国历史纲要》，是一本历史学方面的专著。　　46)Thismovement,drivenbypowerfulmotivations,builtanationoutofawildernessand,byitsnature,shapedthecharacteranddestinyofanunchartedcontinent.　　【句子结构】本句的主干为：thismovementbuiltanationandshapedthecharacteranddestiny。drivenbypowerfulmotivations为过去分词做状语，分隔了主谓。outofawilderness和byitsnature为介词短语做状语，分别修饰built和shaped。　　【参考译文】受到多种强大的动机驱动，这次移民在一片荒野上建起了一个国家，由于其本质，它也塑造了一个未知大陆的性格和命运。　　47)TheUnitedStatesistheproductoftwoprincipalforces--theimmigrationofEuropeanpeopleswiththeirvariedideas,customs,andnationalcharacteristicsandtheimpactofanewcountrywhichmodifiedthesetraits.　　【句子结构】本句主干为TheUnitedStatesistheproduct。破折号之后theimmigrationandtheimpact为twoprincipalforces。ofEuropeanpeopleswiththeirvariedideas,customs,andnationalcharacteristics为theimmigration的定语，ofanewcountry为theimpact的定语，之后which引导定语从句，修饰anewcountry。开心快乐每一天\n　　【参考译文】美国产生于两个主要力量：思想习俗、民族特色各异的欧洲移民，以及改造这些特征的新国家所产生的影响。　　48ButtheforceofgeographicconditionspeculiartoAmerica,theinterplayofthevariednationalgroupsupononeanother,andthesheerdifficultyofmaintainingold-worldwaysinaraw,newcontinentcausedsignificantchanges.　　【句子结构】本句的主干为Buttheforce,theinterplayandthesheerdifficultycausedchanges。本句主语较长，为并列的三个名词theforce,theinterplayandthesheerdifficulty，之后又分别有较长的定语修饰：介词短语ofgeographicconditions为theforce的定语，之后peculiartoAmerica为形容词短语修饰geographicconditions；介词短语ofthevariednationalgroups和upononeanother同时修饰theinterplay；ofmaintainingold-worldways和inaraw,newcontinent同时修饰thesheerdifficulty。　　【参考译文】但是，美国拥有独特的地理条件，不同民族之间产生了相互的作用，因此，在一片原始新大陆上，维护旧大陆方式产生了纯粹的困难，这一切引发了重大的变化。　　49ThefirstshiploadsofimmigrantsboundfortheterritorywhichisnowtheUnitedStatescrossedtheAtlanticmorethanahundredyearsafterthefifteenth-andsixteenth-centuryexplorationsofNorthAmerica.　　【句子结构】本句的主干为ThefirstshiploadsofimmigrantscrossedtheAtlantic。boundfortheterritory为immigrants的定语，之后which引导定语从句修饰theterritory。morethanahundredyearsafterthefifteenth-andsixteenth-centuryexplorationsofNorthAmerica为状语。　　【参考译文】在15-16世纪北美探索的一百多年之后，运往如今的美国这片新领土的第一船移民横渡了大西洋。　　50Thevirginforestwithitsrichnessandvarietyoftreeswasarealtreasure-housewhichextendedfromMaineallthewaydowntoGeorgia.　　【句子结构】本句主干为Thevirginforestwasarealtreasure-house。主语之后withitsrichnessandvarietyoftrees为其定语，表语arealtreasure-house后是which引导的定语从句对其进行修饰。　　【参考译文】拥有丰富多样树种的原始森林是一个真正的宝库，它从缅因州一直延伸到乔治亚州。　　SectionIIIWriting　　PartA　　Directions:　　Youaregoingtoholdaclubreadingsession.Writeanemailofabout100wordsrecommendingabooktotheclubmembers.　　Youshouldstatereasonsforyourrecommendation.开心快乐每一天\n　　YoushouldwriteneatlyontheANWSERSHEET.Donotsignyouownnameattheendoftheletter,use"LiMing"instead.Donotwritetheaddress.(10points)　　Dearfriends，　　IamwritingtotellyouaboutafantasticbookIhavejustread,aswealwayssharethesametasteofbooks.　　ThebookiscalledJourneytotheWest,whichtellsusastorythatfourmonksconqueredmultiplehandicapstoachievetheirfinaldestination.Besidesthetouchingandthrillingplot,thebookalsofeatureshumorouslanguages,thankstothetalentedauthor.　　SoIrecommendittoallofyouasoneofthefavoritebooksthatIhaveeverread.IamsureyouwillloveitasmuchasIdo.Iamlookingforwardtodiscussingmorewithyouafteryoureadit.　　Yourssincerely,　　oLiMing　　今年英语一的小作文不出预料，再一次考查到了推荐信。在英语一的考试当中，推荐信已经考查过1年。例如我们英语一在2011年就考查过向你的朋友推荐一部电影。具体题目要求如下Directions:　　Writealettertoafriendofyoursto　　1)recommendoneofyourfavoritemoviesand　　2)givereasonsforyourrecommendation.　　因此，考生不用惊慌只要把2011年的小作文稍作修改即可成文。这就启发我们2016届的同学们要高度重视历年真题，因为考过的话题或是书信类型会反复考查。今年考题的Direction要求向读书俱乐部的成员推荐一本书。根据题目的要求，我们可以判断本文为公务信函，语域为正式语域，即不能出现缩写、省略问句和和口语表达。　　下面我们来详细解读下今年的小作文，首先看一下题目要求：　　Directions:　　youaregoingtoholdaclubreadingsession.Writeanemailofabout100wordsrecommendingabooktotheclubmembers.　　Youshouldstatereasonsforyourrecommendation.　　YoushouldwriteneatlyontheANWSERSHEET.Donotsignyouownnameattheendoftheletter,use"LiMing"instead.Donotwritetheaddress.(10point)　　称呼：Dearfriends注意称呼中，后面的逗号不可丢，也不能写成冒号。　　正文开心快乐每一天\n　　第一段：写作内容需涵盖两点：写信目的，表明推荐；用到了这样的表达IamwritingtotellyouaboutafantasticbookIhavejustread,aswealwayssharethesametasteofbooks.　　第二段：写作内容为推荐原因。首先，告知大家推荐的书名是什么；再次，具体阐明推荐的具体原因。用到了这样的表达：ThebookiscalledJourneytotheWest,whichtellsusastorythatfourmonksconqueredmultiplehandicapstoachievetheirfinaldestination.Besidesthetouchingandthrillingplot,thebookalsofeatureshumorouslanguages,thankstothetalentedauthor.　　第三段：再次强调写信目的。落款：Yourssincerely,特别提醒sincerely后面逗号不能丢；签名：LiMing特别注意Ming后面一定不能出现句点。PartB　　Directions:　　Writeanessayof160—200wordsbasedonthefollowingpicture.inyouressay,youshould　　1.describethepicturesbriefly,　　2.interpretitsintendedmeaning,and　　3.giveyourcomments.　　YoushouldwriteneatlyonANSWERSHEET.(20points)　　【范文】　　Whatissymbolicallydepictedinthecaricaturescarriessharpcontrastimplications.Inthefirstdrawing,afatheriswatchingafootballmatchonthesofa.Meanwhile,heissupervisinghissontofinishhomework.Itisobviousthathissonwearsfrownedexpressiononhisface.Onthecontrary,thesecondportrayaldepictsafatherisworkingearnestlybesideshisson,andhissonisdoinghisownassignmentwithoutprodding.　　ThedrawerdemonstratesthatutmostsignificanceshouldbeattachedtothephenomenonthatsettingproperexampleshasexertedgreatimpactonthegrowthoftheyoungergenerationinChina.Previously,itiswidelyacknowledgedthatparentsareunderobligationtohelptheirkidsformasetofappropriatevaluesabouttheworldandthelife,whichcarriesoverwhelminglypreciousconnotationtothesounddevelopmentontheyoungergeneration.Simultaneously,thereisnodenyingthatthemostrationalmethodforadultstoeducateadolescentsistosetthemgoodexamplesratherthanmakingperpetualrequirements,whichislesspersuasivecomparedwiththeactions.开心快乐每一天\n　　Accordingly,itisvitalforustoderivepositiveimplicationfromthedrawings.Ontheonehand,wecanfrequentlyusethemtoenlightenparentstobemoreadvisableineducatingtheirchildren.Ontheotherhand,parentsshouldattachmoreemphasisonsettingexcellentmodelsfortheirjuveniles.Onlyinthisway,canweeffectivelyensureapromisingprospectforadolescents.　面，我们要指出手机的弊端，给我们生活带来了很多负面影响。第三段评论段的写作内容为给出自己的评论和建议。可以指出年轻人应该重视面对面的交流！最后一句可以展望一下未来，说如果我们放下手机拿起筷子享受美食，和谐的关系就会出现了！开心快乐每一天