高中英语语法--虚拟语气(教学课件) 34页

TheSubjunctiveMood虚拟语气Grammar会昌中学周红莲\n英语动词有三种语气：陈述语气，祈使语气和虚拟语气。定义：用来表示说的话不是事实，或者是不可能发生的情况，而是一种愿望，建议，假设的语气叫虚拟语气。\nIfIhadalotofmoney,Iwouldbuyavilla.\nIfhemorecarefully,hethecaraccidentyesterday.haddrivenwouldnothavehad\nIftheGod________________________(give)meanotherchance，I_____________(tell)thegirlthreewords:Iloveher!Ifourlove_________(haveto)besetatimelimit,Iwishit___________(be)10,000years!should/weretogive/gavewouldtellhadtowouldbeHavefun如果上天能够给我一个再来一次的机会，我会对那个女孩子说三个字：我爱你。如果非要在这份爱上加上一个期限，我希望是--一万年!\n一、虚拟语气在if条件状语从句中的用法时态If从句的谓语形式主句的谓语形式现在过去未来did/werewould/could/should/might+V.(原)would/could/should/might+have+p.p.1.did/were2.shoulddo3.weretodowould/could/should/might+V.(原)haddone\n2.IfIhadtakenyouradvice,Iwouldn’thavemadeamistake.IfIhadtime,Iwouldcometoseeyou.3.Ifitshouldraintomorrow,theywouldn’tgoforanouting.(现在)(过去)(将来)\nif虚拟条件句的倒装:if条件从句中有should，were，had三个助动词时,可把if省略，并将这三个词提至句首构成倒装。Ifitwerenotforyouradvice,wecouldn’thavegotoverthedifficulties.Wereitnotforyouradvice,wecouldn’thavegotoverthedifficulties.\nIfIhadhadtime,Iwouldhaverunroundthatlakeagain.HadIhadtime,Iwouldhaverunroundthatlakeagain.Ifthereshouldnotbesunlight,people'slifewouldbedifficult.Shouldtherenotbesunlight,people’slifewouldbedifficult.\n1.____Iabird,Icouldflyfreelyinthesky.A.amB.wasC.areD.were2.___itraintomorrow,thesportsmeetingwouldbeputofftonextweek.A.wouldB.shouldC.couldD.will\n3.Whatwouldhavehappened,_____asfarastheriverbank?A.BobhadwalkedB.ifBobshouldwalkC.hadBobwalkedD.ifBobwalked\nif条件句中的错综虚拟或混合虚拟：若主从句所指的时间不一致，即条件从句表示与过去事实相反，主句表示与现在事实相反；或者条件从表示与现在事实相反，主句表真实情况，则从句中应采用与具体时间相对应的虚拟形式。Iftheweatherhadbeenbetter,thecropswouldbegrowingstillbetter.Ifyouhadfollowedtheteacher’sadvice,youwouldn’tbeinthehospital.\n1.Ifyou_____himyesterday,you_____whattodonow.asked…wouldknowB.hadasked…wouldhaveknownC.askedhim…knowD.hadasked…wouldknow\n2.____hisadvice,Iwouldn’tenjoythelovingrelationshipthatInowdowithmyfamily.A.IfIDonottakeB.IfIdidnottakeC.HadInottakenD.ShouldInottake\nwithout\butfor\otherwise\or等构成的含蓄虚拟。(butfor要不是)Withoutsunlight,people’slifewouldbedifficult.Butforyourhelp,Iwouldn’thavefinishedthework.1.Withouthishelp,I(fail)2.Butforwater,it(be)possibletoliveinthedesert.wouldhavefailed.wouldn’tbe\n4.Jackcan’thavearrivedyet,otherwisehe_____me.A.wouldphonedB.phonedC.wouldhavephonedD.hadphoned3.Shewasverybusy,otherwiseshe____themeeting.hadcomeB.wouldcomeC.wouldhavecomeD.came\n二、虚拟语气在名词性从句中的用法A.用于宾语从句wish+宾语从句现在：过去：将来：过去时(did/were)过去完成时(haddone)would/could/might+V.shouldIwishIwereabird.(现在)IwishIhadn’tmadesuchamistake.(过去)Wewishourparentswouldn’tpunishus.(将来)\nIwisheverydaymybirthday.were\n2.wouldrather现在：过去：将来：Iwouldratheryoupaidmenow.Iwouldratheryouhadgone,too.Don’tcome.Iwouldratheryoucametomorrow.过去时(did/were)过去完成时(haddone)过去时(did/were)\n这些动词接的宾语从句要用虚拟语气，即从句中的谓语动词用should+动词原形，should可省略。3.表建议、命令、要求、坚持等的动词如：两坚持：insist，urge两命令：order,command四建议：advise,suggest,propose，recommend四要求：demand,require,request,desire\n4.他们要求我们派他们去那儿工作。1.我们建议Tom去休息一下。WesuggestedthatTom(should)havearest.2.他坚决要求我到场。HeinsistedthatI(should)bepresent.3.国王命令囚犯明天要实施死刑。Thekingorderedthattheprisoners(should)bekilledthenextday.Theyrequestedthatwe(should)sendthemtoworkthere.\n注意：以上动词相应的名词构成的名词性从句（包括主语从句，表语从句和同位语从句）也要使用虚拟语气。从句中的动词形式用(Should)doorder,advice,suggestion,proposal,demand,request,desire\nB.用于主语从句中It’snecessary/strange/natural/important+that---从句中的动词要用虚拟，即谓语用(should)+动词原形Itisimportantthatwe(should)masteraforeignlanguage.Itisstrangethatsherefusetocometotheparty.It’snecessarythatweshouldstudyhard.\n1.Isitnecessarythathe____theexamination?A.tookB.havetotakeC.musttakeD.takeD2.Hissuggestionthatyousoundsreasonable.A.tryB.triesC.musttryD.cantryA\n三.用于asif/though引导的从句现在：过去：过去时did\were过去完成时haddoneHelooksasifheweredrunk.Theytalkedasiftheyhadbeenfriendsforyears.Shelovesthebabyasifitwereherownson.Itseemsasifitwerespring.Irememberthewholethingasifithadhappenedyesterday.\n四.用于定语从句：It’s(about/high)time+that–should+V(should不省）过去时did\were你该走了。我们该睡觉了。It’shightimethatyouwent.It’shightimethatyoushouldgo.It’stimethatwewenttobed.It’stimethatweshouldgotobed.\n五.用于Ifonly引导的感叹句（用法同wish）IfonlyIknewhisname!Ifonlywehadfollowedyouradvice!IfonlyIcouldseehimagain!要是我们的父母能和我们住在一起就好了。要是我没错过火车就好了！Ifonlyourparentscouldlivewithus!IfonlyIhadn’tmissedthetrain!\nQuickReview:\n二.虚拟语气在条件状语从句中的用法三.虚拟语气的倒装、错综虚拟和含蓄虚拟四.虚拟语气在名词性从句中的用法五.用于asif/though引导的从句七.用于Ifonly引导的感叹句（用法和wish一样）六.用于定语从句：It’s(about/high)time+that...一.虚拟语气的定义\nExercise倒计时\n1.Theteacheragreedtothesuggestionthatthestudents________twoweekstopreparefortheexam.A.giveB.shouldgiveC.begivenD.wouldbegiven2.WangLing,oneofmyfriends,isverygoodatEnglish.HespeaksEnglishasifhe________anEnglishman.A.wereB.wouldbeC.havebeenD.hadbeen\n3.________morecareful,hisshipwouldnothavesunk.IfthecaptainwereHadthecaptainbeenC.ShouldthecaptainbeD.Ifthecaptainwouldhavebeen4.IfonlyI________howtooperateanelectroniccomputerasyoudo.A.hadknownB.wouldknowC.shouldknowD.knew\n5,Robertwishesthathe________businessinsteadofhistorywhenhewasinuniversity.A.studiesB.studiedC.hasstudiedD.hadstudied6,Mr.Lirequiredthecomputerequipmentreferred________usedineveryclassroom.A.shouldbeB.havetobeC.tobeD.tobeing\nThankyou!