高中英语语法专题指导课件-状语从句正式 19页

高中语法专题（二）状语从句\n状语从句时间状语从句原因状语从句地点状语从句目的状语从句结果状语从句条件状语从句让步状语从句比较状语从句方式状语从句\n时间状语从句引导词whenwheneveraswhilebeforeafteruntil(till)sinceassoonasonceeach/everytimenexttimethefirsttimethemomenttheminuteinstantlyimmediatelydirectly(一…就…)nosooner…thanhardly/scarcely…when\n1)when的用法：sbwasdoing…when…正在做某事….突然发生另一件事sbbeabouttodo…when…正要做….突然发生另一件事sbhaddone…when…刚做完某事….突然发生另一件事2.)几种特殊句型与强调结构的区别：Itis/was+具体时间点+when…那是在…时…发生的Itis/hasbeen+时段+since…自从…以来过了多久了Itwillbe/was+时段+before(现在时/过去时)要过/已经过了多久才Itis/was+时间状语+that…就是在…时间发生的某事，是强调句3).before的用法：A：表“还未来得及…就…”B：表“过一段时间才…”，4).在not…until结构中，谓语用短暂性动词，“直到…才”;肯定句中谓语为延续性动词，用until表“一直持续到…”。考查重点\n5)nosooner…thanhardly/scarcely…when刚……就A.时态：主句用过去完成时（had+pp）从句用一般过去时B.倒装：nosooner/hardly/scarcely放句首，主句要到装Shehadnosoonerarrivedatthestationthanthetrainstartedtomove.Nosoonerhadshearrivedatthestationthan….Hehadhardlyenteredthehotelwhenitbegantosnow.Hardlyhadheenteredthehotelwhenitbegantosnow\n1.Weweretoldthatweshouldfollowthemainroad____wereachedthecentralrailwaystation.(2004辽宁)A.wheneverB.untilC.whileD.wherever2.Itisalmostfiveyears____wesaweachotherlasttime.(2005北京)A.before B.sinceC.after D.when3.Simonthoughthiscomputerwasbroken_____hislittlebrotherpointedoutthathehadforgottentoturniton.(2005北京春)A.untilB.unlessC.after D.because4.TheAmericanCivilWarlastedfouryears____theNorthwonintheend.(2005广东30)A.afterB.before C.whenD.then5.--DidJackcomebackearlylastnight？(2005福建)--Yes.Itwasnotyeteighto'clock_____hearrivedhome.A.before B.whenC.that D.until6.Wewereswimminginthelake____suddenlythestormstartedA.when B.whileC.until D.before(2004北京春)BBABBA\n原因状语从句because,since,as,for,now(that),considering(that),seeing(that)考虑到／鉴于鉴于／由于／因为考查重点because,since,as,forbecause—直接原因，非推断．语气最强．回答whysince–通常放句首．译为“既然”as–不谈自明的原因，语气最弱．for–放句中，对前面一句话的内容的补充说明。1.Parentsshouldtakeseriouslytheirchildren'srequestsforsunglasses____eyeprotectionisnecessaryinsunnyweather.(2004上海)A.because B.thoughC.unlessD.if2.JennywasverysadoverthelossofthephotosshehadshotatCanada,____thiswasamemorysheespeciallytreasured.(2006广东)A.as B.ifC.whenD.whereAA\n地点状语从句由where.wherever引导。where指“在某个地方”，wherever指“无论哪里，在任何一个地方”，在使用时：一要注意两者的含义区别。二要注意状语从句和定语从句的区别。三要注意在状语从句中不可使用介词+which引导。出题者既考状语从句又考定语从句和状语从句的区别。还加入名词性从句这一干扰项。地点状语从句1.Ifyouaretraveling____thecustomsarereallyforeigntoyourown，pleasedoastheRomansdo.(2006天津)A.inwhich B.whatC.whenD.where2.Inpeace，too，theRedCrossisexpectedtosendhelp___thereishumansuffering.A.whoever B.however C.whatever D.wherever(06江西)3.--Mom，whatdidyourdoctorsay？(2006四川)--Headvisedmetolive____theairisfresher.A.inwhere B.inwhich C.theplacewhere D.whereDDD\n目的状语从句和结果状语从句引导目的状语从句连词有：incase,sothat,inorderthat,forfearthat。sothat引导状语从句只能置于主句之后。Inorderthat引导状语从句可放主句之前或之后。目的状语从句的谓语常含有can，could，may，might情态动词。这也是与结果状语从句的一个区别。引导结果状语从句的连词有：sothat，so…that，such…that.结果状语放在主句之后。注意：在so…that，such…that结构中一般成分齐全。这也是与as引导定语从句的区别。在so…as，such…as这一结构中，as引导定语从句，在句中做成分。\n1.Rosesneedspecialcare____theycanlivethroughwinter.A.because B.sothatC.even D.as(04全国卷I)2.I'dliketoarrive20minutesearly____Icanhavetimeforacupoftea.(2005北京)A.assoonasB.asaresult C.incase D.sothat3.You'dbettertakesomethingtoreadwhenyougotoseethedoctor____youhavetowait.(2005广东)A.evenifB.asifC.incaseD.inorderthat4.Hisplanwassuchagoodone____weallagreedtoacceptit.A.so B.andC.that D.as(2006陕西)BDCC\n条件状语从句ifas/solongasasfarasunlessincase（如果）suppose/supposing(that)Providing/provided(that)onconditionthatgiven(that)条件状语从句一般考查三点：1)在条件状语从句中常用一般现在时表示一般将来时，用一般过去时表过去将来时。2)if，unless，incase是考查重点。3)when还可表条件，这一点不可忽视。意思是：既然，考虑到。如：Howcantheylearnanythingwhentheyspendalltheirsparetimewatchingtelevision？他们把所有空闲的时间都用来看电视了，还能学到什么东西呢？\n1._____youcallmetosayyou'renotcoming，I'llseeyouatthetheatre.(2004吉林)A.Though B.WhetherC.UntilD.Unless2.---Whatwouldyoudoifit___tomorrow？---Wehavetocarryiton，sincewe'vegoteverythingready.A.rain B.rainsC.willrainD.israining(05全国)3.Youmustkeeponworkingintheevening____youaresureyoucanfinishthetaskintime.(2005安徽)A.asB.ifC.whenD.unless4._______you'vetriedit，youcan'timaginehowpleasantitisA.UnlessB.BecauseC.Although D.When(06北京)5.Intimeofseriousaccidents，____weknowsomebasicthingsaboutfirstaid，wecansavelives.(2006重庆)A.whether B.untilC.ifD.unlessDBDAC\n让步状语从句让步状语从句的连词有：though/although“尽管”，evenif/eventhough“即使”，nomatterhow(what，when，which，who，where)，however(whatever，whenever，whichever，whoever，wherever),as“尽管”1)although与though可互换，都可以与yet，still连用，但不能和but连用。2)However引导让步状语从句时后紧跟形容词或副词。3)While也可引导让步状语从句，这一点特容易被考生忽视。4)Whatever修饰名词，“无论什么”，however修饰形容词、副词，“无论多么，无论怎么”。5)evenif/eventhough(即使)与asif/asthough(好像)这两组学生容易混淆，也是出题者关注的对象，平时要记准含义。\n1.____，Ihavetoputitawayandfocusmyattentiononstudythisweek.(04上海春)A.HoweverthestoryisamusingB.NomatteramusingthestoryisC.HoweveramusingthestoryisD.Nomatterhowthestoryisamusing2.____Iacceptthatheisnotperfect，Idoactuallyliketheperson.(04江苏)A.While B.SinceC.BeforeD.Unless3.Youshouldtrytogetagoodnight'ssleep_____muchworkyouhavetodo.(04湖北)A.however B.nomatter C.although D.whatever4.Hetriedhisbesttosolvetheproblem，_____difficultitwas.(05天津)A.however B.nomatter C.whatever D.although5.Allowchildrenthespacetovoicetheiropinion，_____theyaredifferentfromyourown.(05湖南)A.untilB.evenifC.unless D.asthough6.Theoldtowermustbesaved，________thecost.(05浙江)A.however B.whateverC.whicheverD.wherever7.___hehaslimitedtechnicalknowledge，theoldworkerhasalotofexperienceA.SinceB.UnlessC.As D.Although.(06全国卷I)CAAABBD\n比较状语从句方式状语从句as／likeasif/asthoughthan/as—注意省略Theprojectwascompletedearlierthan(itwas)expected.Heworkedasfastasaskilledworker(worked).Repeatthisasoftenas(it)isnecessary.Thenseeadoctorassoonas(itis)possible.Doyouhavetofeedplantslikeyoufeedchickens?DoitlikeItellyou.\n（1）连词+过去分词Don’tspeakuntilspokento.Pressurecanbeincreasedwhenneeded.Unlessrepaired,thewashingmachineisnouse.（2）连词+现在分词Lookoutwhilecrossingthestreet.（3）连词+形容词/其他常见的有ifnecessary,ifpossible,whennecessary,ifany等。状语从句中从句的省略现象疑难点拨\n(08·安徽)—Haveyougotanyparticularplansforthecomingholiday?—Yes,,I’mgoingtovisitsomehomesfortheoldinthecity.A.IfeverB.IfbusyC.IfanythingD.Ifpossible考查省略句。此句的意思是：“你们为即将到来的假期做了特别的计划没？”“是的，如果有可能的话，我们将去拜访这座城市的老年之家。”ifpossible是ifitispossible的省略形式。剖析\ntips由as,once，when，while，before，after，till，until引导的时间状语从句;由if，unless，whether引导的条件状语从句;由though，although，evenif，whatever引导的让步状语从句；由as，than引导的比较状语从句；由as，asif，asthough引导的方式状语从句都可以出现省略现象，当然应该遵循一定的规则。当状语从句的主语和主句的主语一致时，可以省略状语从句中的主语和系动词be.\nHelookedeverywhereasif(hewas)insearchofsomething.(2)Theexhibitionismoreinterestingthan(itwas)expected.(3)Heopenedhislipsasif(hewere)tospeak.