高中名词性从句教案 8页

高考热点语法教案--名词性从句知识要点：1、熟悉并掌握各个连接词、关系代词和连接副词的用法。2、熟悉并掌握复合句即名词性从句(主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句)定语从句和状语从句。什么叫复合句由一个主句和一个或一个以上的从句构成的句子叫复合句。在复合句中主句是全句的主体，从句是全句的一个成分，不能独立。从句通常是用关联词来引导的。在这里关联词还起联系从句和主句的作用。主从复合句(ComplexSentences)、从句的种类:1、名词性从句NounClauses主语从句(SubjectClauses)表语从句(PredicativeClauses)宾语从句(ObjectClauses)同位语从句(AppositiveClauses)2、定语从句(AttributiveClauses)3、状语从句(AdverbialClauses)注：以it作形式主语，把主语从句后置的常用的句型有:(1)It+be+形容词+that从句(2)It+be+名词词组+that从句(3)It+be+过去分词+that从句(4)Itseem,happen等不及物动词+that从句、常用的关联词1、从属连词that(无词义)；whether是否；if假如，是否although(though)虽然；because因为when当…时候；before在…前；after在…后since既然，自从；as正如，尽管，一边，由于；while在♦••期间assoonas——…就；aslongas只要；asif好像2、连接代词who,whom,which,what,whose\n3、连接副词when,where,why,how4、关系代词who,whom,whose,which,that5、关系副词when,where,why1、主语从句:种类关联词例句说明连thatThathewillcomeandhelpyouiscertain.他来帮助你是确实无疑的。that在句首不pJ省去词whetherWhetherthereislifeonthemoonisaninterestingquestion.月球上有没有生命是个有趣的问题。主语从句中只能用whether不口」用if。主连接whowhatWhathewantstotellusisnotclear.他要跟我们说什么，还/、清楚。语代whichWhowillwinthematchisstillunknown.谁主语从句放在句首，句词whatever能赢得这场比赛还不得而知。子常显得笨重，因此一般从连whenItisknowntoushowhebecameawriter.把它移到句子后面，前面接where我们都知道他是如何成才-名作家的。用引导词“it来作形式主句副词whyhowWheretheEnglisheveningwillbeheldhasnotyetbeenannounced.英语晚会将在哪里举行，还没后宣布。语。2、宾语从句:种类关联词例句说明陈述意义thatIbelieve(that)heishonest.我相信他是忠诚的。Wemustneverthink(that)wearegoodineverythingwhileothersaregoodinnothing.我们决不能认为自己什么都好，别人什么都不好。that在句中不担任任何成分，在口语或非正式的文体中常被省去，但如从句是并列句时，第二个分句前的that不口」省。宾疑问意义ifIwonderwhetherhewillcomeornot.我想知道他来还是不来。whether常与ornot连用，不能用if代替。\n种类关联词例句说明whetherEverythingdependsonwhetherwe作介词宾语要用haveenoughmoney.一门是否whether不能用if。有足够的钱。Idon'tknowif(whether)itisinteresting.我不知道它是否后思思。Hedoesn'tcareifitisn'他怯包晶行正句时一M用if不在乎天气是否好。引导。语特殊who,whom,Pleasetellmewhatyouwant.请告诉宾语从句作及物动词疑问which,whose,我你需要什么？宾语也可做介词的宾语。意义what,when,Shealwaysthinksofhowshecanwhere,why,workwell.她总是在想怎样能把工作做how,whoever,好。whatever,Shewillgivewhoeverneedshelpawhicheverwarmsupport.凡需要帮助的人，她都会给予热情的支持。从注1Wemustmakeitclearthatanyonewho如果宾语从句后面后breaksthelawwillbepunished.我们必宾语补足语，则用it作形须认清无论谁违反了法律都要受到惩式宾语，将从句后置。罚。句注2Wedon'tthinkyouarehere.我们认为think,believe,imagine,你/、在这。suppose等动词引出的宾Idon'tbelievehewilldoso.我相信他语从句，要将从句中的否不会这样做。定形式，移动主句中。3、表语从句:种类关联词例句说明连thatTheproblemis(that)theycan'tgethereearlyeSougM的文表词whetherasif问题是他们不能很早到达这里。Itlooksasifitngtosainoi要卜阳o体中that可以省去。\n语连接whowhatThat'sjustwhatIwan咫正是我想要的。Thequestioniswho(whichofyou)willbethenext表语从句位于主句系动词之后从代词whichspeaker.问题是谁（你们哪一位）接着发言。句连whenThisiswhereourproblemlies.这就是我们的问题接where所在。副whyThatiswhyhedidn'tcometomheting.那就是词how他为什么不到会的原因。4、同位语从句:种类关联词例句说明同由连词Thenewsthathehadlandedonthemoonspread同位语从句说明其位that引导，allovertheworld.他曾在月球上登陆这个消息传前面的名词的具体内语不担任成遍世界。容，常用的名词如：从分，也可用Ihavenoideawhenhewillcomebackhome.我fact,news,idea,hope,句when,how,where等弓1导。不知道他什么时候回来。ThethoughtcametohimthatMaryhadprobablyfallenill.他想到可能玛丽生病了。Hemustanswerthequestionwhetherheagreestoitornot.他必须回答他是否同意此事这样一个问题。thought,question,order,fear,doubt,word,proof,belief,story等。名词性从句包括四种从句即主语从句、表词从句、宾语从句和同位词从句。名词性从句的特点：that、who、whom、what、whether及when、where引导名词性从句时必须是陈述句词序：1、主词从句：Thatlighttravelsinstraightlineisknowntoall.（That引导主语从句不可省）tbeenannouncedWhentheplanistotakeoffhasn主语从句通常以it做形主语出现ItwasmyfaultthatIhadhimplayfootballallafternoon.\nItisimportantthatweshouldgototheschooltotalkwiththeteacher.2、表语从句，即名词性从句放在表语位置就是表语从句，需要注意的，主语是reason时，表语要用that引导而不是because.Thereasonwhyhewaslatewasthathemissedthetrainbyoneminutethismorning.3、宾语从句that常可以省略，并且注意时态呼应，当主句为过去时时，从句时态一定往前推移，不可出现现在时或现在完成时。TheteachertoldusthatTomohadleftusforAmerica.4、同位语从句注意与定语从句区别，同位语从句对前一名词做补充说明，在从句中无语法位置，而定语从句所修饰词在从句中占一语法位置如：Theideathatonecandotheworkwithoutthinkingiswrong.（同位idea在从句中无位置，而从句只是具体说明idea的内容）。Theideathatyouputforwardatthemeetingiswrong.（定语从句,idea做putforward的宾语）。【专项训练】1.Iwonderhowmuch.A.costtheseshoesB.dotheseshoescostC.theseshoescostD.aretheseshoescost2.Nobodyknew.A.wherehecomesB.wherehewasfromC.whereheisfromD.wheredoeshecomefrom3.Excuseme,wouldyoupleasetellme.A.whenthesportsmeetwillbetakenplace.B.whenwasthesportsmeetgoingtobeheld.C.whenisthesportsmeettobegin.D.whenthesportsmeetistotakeplace.4.Computerscanonlygiveouthasbeenstoredinthem.A.thatB.whichC.whatD.anything5.Shewantedtoknow\nA.whetherIknewherandwheredidsheworkB.ifIknewherandthefactorysheworkedthereC.whetherIknewherandthefactorysheworkedD.ifIknewherandthefactorywheresheworked6.Myfriendwouldn'ttellmehisnewcar.A.howmuchhepaidforB.howmuchdidhepayC.hepaidhowmuchforD.didhepayhowmuch7.Asimpleexperimentshowsairhassomestrength.A.whatB.thatC.which8.HeA.surprisedthatC.surprisedat9.FatheraskedA.whatwaswrongwithmeC.whatwrongwaswithme10.Itdoesn'tmatterA.ifyouarenotgoingabroad.B.issurprisedthatD.issurprisedwhetherB.whatswrongwithmeD.whatwrongiswithmeIrestornot.B.whetherC.thatD.when11.ThetroubleisweareshortoftoolsA.whatB.thatC.howD.whythat12.ThatisthereappearsarainbowintheskyA.what8.when9.whyD.however13.Ican'tunderstandJshewantstochangehismind.A.That,thatB.Which,whatC.What,whatD.What,why14.ItispossiblehemisunderstoodIsaid.A.that,thatB.what,whatC.what,thatD.that,what15.Thethoughthemightfailintheexamworriedhim\nA.whichB.thatC.whenD./13.Thefactheisanorphaniswellknown.A.whatB.thatC.whichD./14.IwasfreethateveningA.IthappenedtoB.IthappenedthatC.ThathappenedD.Itwashappenedthat15.Iwillacceptthegiftisnoneofyourbusiness.A.IfB.WhetherC.WhatD.Which16.Ihavewillbeyourssoonerorlater.A.NomatterwhatB.NomatterwhateverC.WhateverD.That17.Healwaysthinkshecandomoreforthepeople.A.ofhowB.howC.ofthatD.why18.inthenewspaperthattheJapaneseMinisterwillarrivenextMonday.A.ItsaysB.ItissaidC.IthassaidD.Heissaid19.Wethinkitimportantcollegestudentsshouldmasteratleastoneforeignlanguage.A.whichB.thatC.whatD.whether20.ComradeWangistogiveusatalkonhesawandheardinBritain.A.whatB.allwhatC.thatD.which21.Thetownisnolongeritwastenyearsago.\n1C2B3D4C5D6A7B8B9A10B11B12C13D14D15B16B17B18B19C20A21B22B23A24C25B26C27D28C29B30AA.whichB.thatC.whatD.when25.toldyouthatwaslyingB.whoeverC.AnyoneD.Theperson26.WordcameIwaswantedattheoffice.A.whichwhyC.thatwhether27.nothingtodowithusA.WhathedidisWhathehasdoneC.WhatdidhedoWhathehasdonehas28.TheproblemiswillgoA.thatB.thatwhoC.whoD.whoever29.thereislifeonanotherplanetisalmostimpossible.A.HowB.ThatC.WhyD.Whether30.wasawell-knownfact.A.ThattheirteamwasweakB.ThattheirteambeingweakC.TheirteamwasweakIftheirteamwasweak