高中虚拟语气教案 8页

龙文教育1对1个性化教案学生邵政淇学校南海一中年级高二教师夏晓涛授课日期授课时段课题虚拟语气专题复习重点难点难点：掌握什么是虚拟语气重点：正确运用虚拟语气教学步骤及教学内容一．虚拟语气用于条件状语从句中的运用1、表示与现在事实相反或不可能发生2、表示与过去事实相反或不可能发生3、表示与将来的事实可能相反或不可能发生二．虚拟语气用在名词性从句中1、主语从句中的虚拟语气2、宾语从句中的虚拟语气3、表语从句和同位语从句中的虚拟语气三．虚拟语气在其他情况中的使用1、在asif/asthough引导的状语从句中，若从句与事实相反，则要用虚拟语气2、在itis(high)timethat…句型中也用虚拟语气，从句常用过去式，有时也用should+动词原形，表示早该做而没做的事，含建议的意味教导处签字：日期：年月日8花地湾校区：芳村花地大道北196号（好又多对面）校区电话：020-81547106\n课后评价一、学生对于本次课的评价O特别满意O满意O一般O差二、教师评定1、学生上次作业评价O好O较好O一般O差2、学生本次上课情况评价O好O较好O一般O差作业布置教师留言教师签字：家长意见家长签字：日期：年月日8花地湾校区：芳村花地大道北196号（好又多对面）校区电话：020-81547106\n虚拟语气英语中有三种不同的语气：陈述语气，祈使语气和虚拟语气。虚拟语气表示动作或状态与事实相反，或不可能发生的情况。一．虚拟语气用于条件状语从句中1.表示与现在事实相反或不可能发生：条件状语从句：一般过去时（虚拟语气中be→were）主句：would(should,could,might)+动词原形。Ifwehadtimenow,wewouldreaditagain.IfIwereyou,Iwouldworkhard.2.表示与过去事实相反或不可能发生：条件状语从句：had+过去分词；主句：would(should,could,might)+have+过去分词。Ifhehadtakenmyadvice,hewouldhavesucceededinthetest.IfIhadknownyourtelephonenumberthen,Iwouldhavecalledyou.3.表示与将来的事实可能相反或不可能发生：条件状语从句：①一般过去时②should+动词原形③wereto+动词原形；主句：would(should,could,might)+动词原形。Ifitshouldrain,thecropswouldbesaved.Ifitweretosnowtomorrow,theywouldnotgoout.注意：虚拟条件句的特殊情况(1).混合/错综型虚拟语气当条件状语从句表示的行为和主句表示的行为所发生的时间不一致时，称为‘错综条件句’，动词的形式要根据它所表示的时间作出相应的调整。Ifyouhadfollowedmyadvice,youwouldbebetternow.(从句说的是过去，主句是现在)IfIwereyou,Iwouldhavetakenhisadvice.(从句是现在，主句是过去)（2）省略if的虚拟语气如果从句中含有were/should/had时，则可以把这三个词置于句首，省略if.采用倒装语序。Ifitshouldhappen,whatwouldyoudo?→Shouldithappen,whatwouldyoudo?Ifhehadrecognizedme,hewouldhavecomeover.→Hadherecognizedme,hewouldhavecomeover.(3)含蓄虚拟条件句有时候假设的情况不以if引导的条件从句形式表现出来，而是通过一个介词短语，连词或其他形式表示。常用的词或短语有：without,with,butfor(要是没有),otherwise,or,but等。Withoutyourhelp(=Ifwehadnothadyourhelp),wecouldnothavesucceeded.Butforelectricity(=Iftherewerenoelectricity,therewouldbenomodernindustry.Hefeltverytiredyesterday,or/otherwisehewouldhaveattendedtheparty.(4)在ifitwere(hadbeen)notfor….句型中的虚拟语气虚拟语气也常用于‘ifitwere/(hadbeen)notfor….’句型中，意为‘要不是由于…’。Ifitwerenotforpeace,wecouldnotbelivingahappylifetoday.8花地湾校区：芳村花地大道北196号（好又多对面）校区电话：020-81547106\nIfithadnotbeenforyourtimelyhelp,Iwouldhavegonebankrupt.二．虚拟语气用在名词性从句中1.主语从句中的虚拟语气这种虚拟语气主要用在itis+形容词（名词，过去分词）+that+主语+should+动词原形（should可以省略）这种结构中。①常见的这类形容词有：advisable,anxious,better,desirable,surprising,natural,necessary,strange,important,regretful.②常见的这类过去分词有：decided,demanded,recommended,requested,desired,required,ordered,suggested.③常见的这类名词有：duty,pity,nosurprise,nowonder,regret,shame.Itwassuggestedthathe（should）jointheclubactivities.Itisstrange(surprising,disappointing)thatshe(should)nothavebeeninvited.Itisapitythathe(should)refusetoaccepttheoffer.2.宾语从句中的虚拟语气①wish后面所跟宾语从句谓语动词用虚拟语气（意为要是，但愿…就好了），形式主要有三种：表示对现在情况的虚拟：wish后接一般过去时的从句表示对过去情况的虚拟：wish后接过去完成时/should，couldhavedone表示对将来情况的虚拟：wish后接would，could+动词原形Iwishitwerespringallyearround.Iwishitwouldbefinetomorrow.Shewishedshehadstayedathome.②在表示建议，命令，要求等动词后的从句要用(should)+动词原形。此类动词有：suggest,advise,propose,demand,require,insist（要求）,order,prefer,command,ask,request.Theteacherorderedthatallthebooks(should)behandedinontime.注意：当suggest表示‘暗示，说明’之意；insist表示‘坚持认为，坚持说’之意时，从句不用虚拟，用正常的陈述语气。Themaninsistedthathehadneverstolenthemoney.Thesmileonhisfacesuggestedthathewassatisfiedwithlife.3.表语从句和同位语从句中的虚拟语气在表示建议，命令，要求的名词后的表语从句或同位语从句中的谓语动词要用（should）+动词原形。常见名词有：advice,desire,request,demand,proposal,suggestion,preference,requirement,order.Hegaveordersthattheguests(should)behospitalentertained.Hisproposalisthatwe(should)getridofthebadhabits.三．虚拟语气在其他情况中的使用1.在asif/asthough引导的状语从句中，若从句与事实相反，则要用虚拟语气。其形式如下：主语+asif/though+主语+一般过去时（从句的动作与主句同时发生）主语+asif/though+主语+would/could+动词原形（从句的动作相对主句来说在将来发生）主语+asif/though+主语+过去完成时（从句的动作先发生于主句动作之前）Hetalksasifheknewallaboutit.ShespeaksEnglishwellasifhehadstudiedinAmerica.8花地湾校区：芳村花地大道北196号（好又多对面）校区电话：020-81547106\nHelearnsEnglishsohardasifhewouldgoabroad.2.在itis(high)timethat…句型中也用虚拟语气，从句常用过去式，有时也用should+动词原形，表示早该做而没做的事，含建议的意味。Itistimethatwewenthome.注意：此句型中，注意与‘It/Thisisthe+序数词+timethat+现在完成式的区别。ThisisthefirsttimethatIhavebeenhere.3.wouldrather后接动词原形，但接从句时要用虚拟语气（宁愿，但愿）。Wouldrather+主语+一般过去时（表示与现在或将来相反）Wouldrather+主语+过去完成时（表示与过去相反）I’dratherhedidn’tgonow.I’dratheryouhadn’tdoneit.4.ifonly后接从句也用虚拟语气，其形式与wish的用法一致。5.动词hope,intend,mean,plan,want,think等词用过去完成的形式，表示的意思为‘本想，本打算，本认为’Hehadmeanttobuythefurniturelastweek,butitrained.（他上周本打算去买那件家具，但却下雨了）四、课堂练习1.Ifonlyhe____quietlyasthedoctorinstructed,hewouldnotsuffersomuchnow.A.liesB.layC.hadlainD.shouldlie2.HowIwisheveryfamily____alargehousewithabeautifulgarden.A.hasB.hadC.willhaveD.hadhad3.Youdidnotletmedrive.Ifwe____inturn,you____sotiredA.drove;didn’tgetB.drove;wouldn’tgetC.weredriving;wouldn’tgetD.haddriven;wouldn’thavegot4._____itraintomorrow,wewouldhavetoputoffthevisittotheYangpuBridgeA.WereB.ShouldC.WouldD.Will5.Isuggestedtheperson_____tobeputintoprisonA.refersB.referringC.referredD.refer6.Whenapencilispartlyinaglassofwater,itlooksasifit____A.breaksB.hasbrokenC.werebrokenD.hadbeenbroken7.Iinsisted_____toseeadoctor,butheinsistednothing___wrongwithhimA.onhimtogo;shouldbeB.hewent;beC.hego;wasD.heshouldto;is8.---Yourauntinvitesyoutothemoviestoday---Ihadrathershe____metomorrowthantodayA.tellsB.toldC.wouldtellD.hadtold9.---Wouldyouhavecalledheruphaditbeenpossible---Yes,butI____busydoingmyhomeworkA.wasB.wereC.hadbeenD.wouldbe10.Iwasillthatday,otherwiseI____thesportsmeetA.wouldhavetakenpartinB.tookpartinC.hadtakenpartinD.wouldtakepartin11.___theclouds,youwouldfindtheairplaneintheskyeasilyA.HaditnotbeenforB.IfitwerenotC.IfithadnotbeenforD.Wereitnotfor12.Ifmylawyer____herelastSunday,he____mefromgoingA.hadbeen,wouldhavepreventedB.hadbeen,wouldprevent8花地湾校区：芳村花地大道北196号（好又多对面）校区电话：020-81547106\nC.were,preventD.were,wouldhaveprevented13.____hard,hewouldhavepassedtheexamA.IfheweretoworkB.HadheworkedC.ShouldheworkD.Werehetowork14.____today,hewouldgettherebyFridayA.WerehetoleaveB.IfhehadleftC.DidhetoleaveD.Hadheleft15.Hadyoulistenedtothedoctor,you____allrightnowA.areB.wereC.wouldbeD.wouldhavebeen16.Ididnotseeyoursisteratthemeeting.Ifshe____,shewouldhavemetmybrotherA.hascomeB.didcomeC.comeD.hadcome17.He____busyyesterday,orhe___youwithyourexperiment.A.was,hadhelpedB.was,wouldhavehelpedC.hadbeen,wouldhavehelpedD.were,wouldhavehelped18.Ifit____forthesnow,we____themountainyesterdayA.werenot,couldhaveclimbB.werenot,couldclimbC.hadnotbeen,couldhaveclimbedD.hadn’tbeen,couldclimb19.Withoutelectricity,humanlife____quitedifficulttodayA.isB.willbeC.wouldhavebeenD.wouldbe20.---Iamgoingtotellherthenews---Iwouldassoonyou_____heraboutitA.didn’ttellB.don’ttellC.hadn’ttellD.won’ttell21.Mike’sfather,aswellashismother,insistedhe____homeA.stayedB.couldstayC.hasstayedD.stay22.Itwasrequestedthattheplay____againA.shouldputonB.wouldputonC.beputonD.puton23.Sheinsistedthatadoctor_____immediatelyA.hadsentforB.sendC.besentforD.wassent24.---Didyouscoldhimforhiscarelessness----Yes,but____itA.I’drathernotdoB.I’drathernothavedoneC.Ishould’tdoD.I’dbetternotdo25.IfonlyI___mycarA.hadn’tlostB.wouldn’tloseC.didn’tloseD.haven’tlost26.Butforwater,it____impossibletoliveintheearthA.isB.wouldC.wereD.wouldn’tbe27.Iwouldratheryou____anythingaboutitforthetimebeingA.doB.didn’tdoC.don’tD.didn’t28.Thekind-heartedcoupletreattheorphanverywellasthoughhe____theirownsonA.isB.wereC.hadbeenD.shouldbe29.Howtheoldpeoplewishthatthey____youngoncemoreA.wereB.couldbecomeC.hadbeenD.shouldbe30.Itishightimethatwe____ameetingtodiscussthisproblemA.holdB.heldC.haveheldD.hadheld8花地湾校区：芳村花地大道北196号（好又多对面）校区电话：020-81547106\n五、课后练习1.Thethiefclosedhiseyes____he____dyingA.evenif,wasB.though,wouldbeC.even,hadbeenD.asif,were2.Iwishthatyou____suchabadheadachebecauseIamsurethatyouwouldhaveenjoyedtheconcertA.hadnotB.didnothavehadC.hadn’thadD.hadn’thave3.Thechairmaninsistedthatwe____thequestionagainA.willdiscussB.todiscussC.shoulddiscussD.willbediscussed4.Herequestedthatthestudents____themgetincropsA.helpB.tohelpC.helpedD.helping5.Theguardatthegateinsistedthateverybody_____therulesA.obeysB.ObeyC.willobeyD.wouldobey6.IwishI____herethenA.wasB.hadbeenC.wereD.wouldbe7.Itisstrangethathe____backsoearlyA.cameB.willcomeC.hadcomeD.shouldhavecome8.MothersuggestedthatI___myhomeworkfirstbeforewatchingTVA.didB.doC.shalldoD.havedone9.Mysuggestionisthatthemeeting____offtillnestSundayA.beputB.putC.shouldputD.hadbeenput10.HeistalkingsomuchaboutAmericaasifhe____thereA.hadbeenB.hasbeenC.wasD.been11.Theteacherdemandedthattheexam_____beforeelevenA.mustfinishB.wouldbefinishedC.befinishedD.mustbefinished12.---Sorry,Joe.Ididnotmeanto……----Don’tcallme“Joe”,IamMr.Parkertoyou,and____youforgetit!A.doB.didn’tC.didD.don’t13.IdidnotattendthelecturebyPro.Jackson.I____butI____allthismorningA.would,havewashedB.could,havebeenwashingC.wouldhave,havebeenwashingD.couldhave,hadwashing14.HowIwishI____torepairthewatch!IonlymadeitworseA.hadtriedB.hadn’ttriedC.havetriedD.didn’ttry15.----HowcouldIthankyouenough?----Don’tmentionit.Anyotherman____itA.mustdoB.coulddoC.wouldhavedoneD.shouldhavedone16.KeyEuropeangovernmentsinsistIraq’sco-operation____goodandmilitaryaction______toallowinspectionstocontinueA.be,bedelayedB.is,delayC.shouldbe,bedelayedD.is,bedelayed17.Ifthehurricanehadhappenedduringtheday-time,____moredeathsA.itwouldhavebeenB.itwouldbeC.therewouldbeD.therewouldhavebeen18.Whatthecustomers_____fromthecompanyisthatthegoods____righttotheirhomes.A.requested,deliverB.demand,bedeliveredC.request,shoulddeliverD.demand,delivered19.Iflaw-breakers_____thesocietywillbeindisorderA.madeunpunishedB.cameunpunishedC.wentunpunishedD.notpunished8花地湾校区：芳村花地大道北196号（好又多对面）校区电话：020-81547106\n20.Wetookataxitotheairport.Otherwisewe____lateA.wouldbeB.wereC.willbeD.wouldhavebeen21.Supposinghenever____,whatwouldhappenthenA.comeB.cameC.wouldcomeD.willcome22.Whatdoyouthinkhisproposalthatwe____aplayattheEnglishmeetingA.hadputonB.shouldputonC.haveputonD.willputon23.Ihopethatyou____rightA.willbeB.shouldbeC.wereD.wouldbe24.Asyouknow,Iamadisabledman,butIwouldbehappyifI___ofservicetoyouA.amB.havebeenC.shouldbeD.wouldbe25.Heinsistedthatwe____earlythenextmorningA.startB.startedC.wouldstartD.hadstarted26.Ididnotseeyoursisteratthemeeting.Ifshe____,shewouldhavemetmybrotherA.hascomeB.didcomeC.hadcomeD.came27.We____lastnight,butwewenttothecinemainsteadA.musthavestudiedB.mightstudyC.wouldstudyD.wouldhavestudied28.Ifit_____thesnow,we_____theSimianMountainlastweekA.werenot,couldhaveclimbedB.werenot,couldclimbC.hadnotbeen,couldhaveclimbedD.hadnotbeen,couldclimb8花地湾校区：芳村花地大道北196号（好又多对面）校区电话：020-81547106