高中语法定语从句教案 21页

高中语法定语从句教案篇一：公开课定语从句英文教案TeachingPlanGrammar：AttributiveClausesⅠTeachinggoals:1.Studentsareabletochooseproperrelativepronounsoradverbsforattributiveclauses.2.Studentsareabletoapplyattributiveclausestodescribingandwriting.ⅡTeachingimportantanddifficultpoints:EnablestudentstolearnhowtouseattributiveclausesandrelativesⅢTeachingmethods:Student-centeredmethodⅣTeachingproceduresandwaysStep1Leadingin1.Showstudentsasong“SeasonsintheSun”includinganattributiveclause2.TranslatethefollowingthreesentencesintoChinese.翻译下边三个句子?HewhodoesnotreachtheGreatWallisnotatrueman.?HewhodoesnotvisitHainanisnotawiseman.?不努力学习的学生并非一个好学生。Step2Findoutantecedents.找出先行词1.AprilFool’sDayisthedaywhenpeopleplayjokesonfriends.________2.Itisnowachildren’sfestival,whentheycandressup\nandaskforsweets.________3.Themostenergeticandimportantfestivalsaretheonesthatlookforwardtotheendofwinterandtothecomingofspring.________4.IndiahasanationalfestivaltohonorMohandasGandhi,theleaderwhohelpedgainIndia’sindependence.Step3Grammar1.Fillintheblankswiththeproperrelatives.用适当的关系词填空(1)?Thisisthesupermarketisnearourschool.?weoftendosomeshopping.(2)?Wecan’tacceptthereason?Wecan’tacceptthereasonhewaslateagain.(3)?AprilFool’sDayistheday?AprilFool’sDayisthedaypeopleplayjokesonfriends.2.Jointwosentenceswith合并句子（1）?.TheSpringFestivalisthemostimportantfestivalinChina.?.AllfamiliesgettogetherontheSpringFestival.（2）?.Peoplewilldecoratetheirhouse.?.Theywillhaveabigdinnertogetherinthehouse.（3）?.Peopleputonnewclothes.?.PeoplewillsetoffthefirecrackerswiththeirfamiliesonNewYearEve.（4）?.Peoplemaygivechildrenluckymoney.?.Theluckymoneywishesthemgoodluck.（5）?.ChildrenlookforwardtotheSpring\nFestival.?.Thereasonisthattheycanhavedeliciousfoodandhavefunwiththeothers.3.Summarizetheusageofrelatives总结关系词的用法Step5WritingPleaseintroduceaclassmateyoulike,usingattributiveclauses.Step6HomeworkMookywhocomesfromItalywantstolearnabouttheSpringFestivalinChina.Pleaseintroduceittoheratleast100words.(Douseattributiveclauses.)篇二：高中英语试讲教案——定语从句定语从句AttributiveClause之关系副词篇教学目标：掌握由关系副词引导的定语从句教学重点：定语从句中的关系副词why,when,where教学难点：关系词的选择教学过程STEPONELeadinDream→Westlife→MyLove→“FindaplaceIlovethemost”STEPTWONewLesson一、定语从句相关基础知识1.定语从句2.定语从句结构：主句(先行词)+关系词+从句3.先行词4.\n关系词/引导词：连接/引导；做成分5.关系词分类：关系代词(that，which，who,whom,whose)→←从句中做主，宾，表，宾补；关系副词（why,when,where）→←从句中做状语二、定语从句之关系副词1.关系副词why1)在从句中做原因状语，修饰从句谓语动词；先行词必须是表示原因的名词，常用的就两个reason,causee.g.（1）ThisisthereasonwhyIdidn’tcomehere.2）why作关系词引导定语从句，先行词一定是reason/cause;但reason/cause是先行词时，关系词不一定就是why，可能是that/whiche.g.①Thereason________hegavemewasunknown.②Thereason________hedidn’tattendthemeetingwasunknown.3）如何选择关系词解题路径：区分关系代词和关系副词，分析从句中的成分，判断关系词在从句中充当的成分，从而判断是关系代词还是关系副词a.通过翻译找准先行词b.\n判断从句中的谓语动词是否及物。及物动词没有带宾语，说明关系词在从句中做宾语，因此是关系代词（注意spend，visit是及物动词，give后可接双宾语人是间接宾语，不能独立存在，talk是不及物动词）4）why引导的定语从句时，先行词可省略因此例句（1）可以改为：ThisiswhyIdidn’tcomehere.小结：why引导的定语从句比较简单，记住reason和cause2.关系副词when1)在从句中做时间状语，修饰从句谓语动词；先行词必须是表示时间的名词，常用的例如hour,day,year,time等e.g.(2)Ineverforgetthedaywhenwefirstmetinthepark.2)先行词是时间名词，关系词不一定是whene.g.①Thedays______wespentinLondonisunforgettable.②Thedays______westayedinLondonisunforgettable.小结：关系词when的用法，先行词是否为时间名词，分析从句句子成分。从句缺少时间状语用when,缺少其他成分用that等即先行词是时间名词，关系词不一定是when关系词是when，先行词一定是时间名词3.关系副词where1)在从句中做地点状语，修饰从句谓语动词；先行词通常是表示地点的名词，常用的例如house,factory,palce等e.g.(3)IgetoutofthehousewhereIwasborn.2)\n先行词是地点名词，关系词不一定是wheree.g.①Thisisthetown______Ispentmychildhood.②Thisisthetown______Itoldyouabout.判断方法任然是看关系词在定语中充当的成分3）where引导定语从句，先行词可能是隐含地点意义的抽象名词必须（舍我其谁）vs通常(还有例外)换句话说，where引导的定语从句，先行词不一定是表示地点的名词，但是这类名词隐含地点意义，通常是抽象名词，例如dream,case,point,stage,situation,occasion,business等e.g.①Hehasreachedthepoint(地步/程度)______achangeisneeded.(that/which/where/who)②Canyouthinkoutasituation(情况/情形)_____thisphrasecanbeused.小结：a.确认关系词在从句中是否作状语，再确认先行词是否为地点名词b.谨记where引导的定语从句中可能出现“离谱”的先行词先行词是地点名词，关系词不一定是where关系词是where，先行词也不一定是地点名词三个关系副词中where用法最复杂4.关系副词有how吗？how不可以作为表示方式的关系副词，在英语中若要表示方式，用以下四种句型1）theway\n+从句2）thewaythat+从句3）thewayinwhich+从句4）themannerthat+从句e.g.(4)Idon’tlike______youspeaktoher.AthewayBthewayinthatCthewaywhichDthewayofwhichSTEPTHREEExercise①Thefactory_______wevisitedlastweekwasbuiltin2001.②Thefactory_______myfatherwasworkingwasbuiltin2001.③It’shelpfultoputchildrenintoasituation_______theycanseethemselvesdifferently.高考真题09福建AthatBwhenCwhichDwhere造句要求:定语从句中至少再包含另外一个定语从句e.g.I’llneverforgetthedaywhenwefirstmetintheparkwhereisfullofpandaswhoseeyesareblackthatismysister’sfavorite.篇三：高中英语语法定语从句教案及练习高中英语语法--定语从句定语从句在句中做定语，修饰一个名词或代词，被修饰的名词词组或代词即先行词。定语从句通常\n出现在先行词之后，由关系词（关系代词或关系副词）引出。关系代词有：who,whom,whose,that,which等。关系副词有：when,where,why等。18.1关系代词引导的定语从句关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词，并在句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。1）who,whom,that这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词，在从句中作主语和宾语。例如：Ishethemanwho/thatwantstoseeyou?他就是你想见的人吗？（who/that在从句中作主语）Heisthemanwhom/thatIsawyesterday.他就是我昨天见的那个人。（whom/that在从句中作宾语）2）whose用来指人或物，（只用作定语,若指物，它还可以同ofwhich互换）。例如：Theyrushedovertohelpthemanwhosecarhadbrokendown.那人车坏了，大家都跑过去帮忙。Pleasepassmethebookwhose（ofwhich）coverisgreen.请递给我那本绿皮的书。3）which,that所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词，在从句中可作主语、宾语等。例如：Aprosperitywhich/thathadneverbeenseenbeforeappearsinthe\ncountryside.农村出现了前所未有的繁荣。（which/that在句中作宾语）Thepackage（which/that）youarecarryingisabouttocomeunwrapped.你拿的包快散了。（which/that在句中作宾语）18.2关系副词引导的定语从句关系副词可代替的先行词是时间、地点或理由的名词，在从句中作状语。1）关系副词when,where,why的含义相当于\"介词+which\"结构，因此常常和\"介词+which\"结构交替使用。例如：Thereareoccasionswhen（onwhich）onemustyield.任何人都有不得不屈服的时候。Beijingistheplacewhere（inwhich）Iwasborn.北京是我的出生地。Isthisthereasonwhy（forwhich）herefusedouroffer?这就是他拒绝我们帮助他的理由吗？2）that代替关系副词，可以用于表示时间、地点、方式、理由的名词后取代when,where,why和\"介+which\"引导的定语从句，在口语中that常被省略。例如：Hisfatherdiedtheyear（that/when/inwhich）hewasborn.他父亲在他出生那年逝世了。Heisunlikelytofindtheplace（that/where/inwhich）helivedfortyyears\nago.他不大可能找到他四十年前居住过的地方。及物动词和不及物动词A有些动词只是及物动词;它们不可以单独用，后面必须跟宾语。{False:Theyalwayswantafterlunch.Right:Theyalwayswantacupofteaafterlunch.{False:Heissendingnow.Right:Heissendingaletternow.B有些动词只是不及物动词；它们可以单独用，如果后面想接宾语，动词后面必须加上介词。{Right:Heislookingaround.False:Heislookingme.Right:Heislookingatme.{Right:Heislisteningcarefully.False:Heislisteningtheteachercarefully.Right:Heislisteningtotheteachercarefully.C有些动词既是及物动词，又是不及物动词;但是有时候词义会改变。{Thecustomerisaskingloudly.Thecustomerisaskingforyounow.Thecustomerisaskingaquestionnow.{Ifyouworkhard,youwill\nsucceed.Ifyouworkhard,youwillsucceedinpassingtheexam(samemeaning).Ifyouworkhard,youwillsucceedJohnasthemanagerofthiscompany(differentmeaning).18.3判断关系代词与关系副词方法一：用关系代词，还是关系副词完全取决于从句中的谓语动词。及物动词后面无宾语，就必须要求用关系代词；而不及物动词则要求用关系副词。例如：判断改错：（错）ThisisthemountainvillagewhereIvisitedlastyear.（错）IwillneverforgetthedayswhenIspentinthecountryside.（对）Thisisthemountainvillage（which）Ivisitedlastyear.（对）I\'llneverforgetthedays（which）Ispentinthecountryside.习惯上总把表地点或时间的名词与关系副词where,when联系在一起。此两题错在关系词的误用上。方法二：准确判断先行词在定语从句中的成分（主、谓、宾、定、状），也能正确选择出关系代词/关系副词。例2.Isthisthemuseum____theexhibitionwasheld.A.whereB.thatC.onwhichD.the\none答案：例1D，例2A例2变为肯定句：Thisisthemuseum___theexhibitionwasheld.而句2中,主、谓、宾俱全，从句部分为句子的状语(状语(adverbial)是句子的重要修饰成分。状语是谓语里的另一个附加成分,它附加在谓语中心语的前面,从情况,时间,处所,方式,条件,对象,肯定,否定,范围和程度等方面对谓语中心进行修饰或限制。)表地点，既可用副词where，又因inthemuseum词组，可用介词in+which引导地点状语。而此题中，介词on用的不对，所以选A。关系词的选择依据在从句中所做的成分，先行词在从句中做主、定、宾语时，选择关系代词（who,whom,that,which,whose）；先行词在从句中做状语时，应选择关系副词（where地点状语，when时间状语，why原因状语）。18.5介词+关系词1）介词后面的关系词不能省略。2）that前不能有介词。3）某些在从句中充当时间，地点或原因状语的\"介词+关系词\"结构可以同关系副词when和where互换。例如：ThisisthehouseinwhichIlivedtwoyearsago.这是我两年前住过的房子。ThisisthehousewhereIlivedtwoyearsago.Doyourememberthedayonwhichyoujoinedourclub?\n还记得你加入我们俱乐部的那一天吗？Doyourememberthedaywhenyoujoinedourclub?18.6as,which非限定性定语从句由as,which引导的非限定性定语从句，as和which可代整个主句，相当于andthis或andthat。As一般放在句首，which在句中。例如：Asweknow,smokingisharmfultoone\'shealth.如我们所知，吸烟有害健康。Thesunheatstheearth,whichisveryimportanttous.太阳使地球暖起来，这对我们人类很重要。典型例题1）Alicereceivedaninvitationfromherboss,___cameasasurprise.A.itB.thatC.whichD.he答案C.此为非限定性从句，不能用that修饰，而用which.，it和he都使后句成为句子，两个独立的句子不能单以逗号连接。况且选he句意不通。2）Theweatherturnedouttobeverygood,___wasmorethanwecouldexpect.A.whatB.whichC.thatD.it答案B。which可代替句子，用于非限定性定语从句，而what不可。That\n不能用于非限定性定语从句，it不为连词，使由逗号连接的两个句子并在一起在英语语法上行不通。3）Itrainedhardyesterday,____preventedmefromgoingtothepark..A.thatB.whichC.asD.it答案B.as和which在引导非限制性定语从句时，这两个关系代词都指主句所表达的整个意思，且在定语从句中都可以作主语和宾语。但不同之处主要有两点：（1）as引导的定语从句可置于句首，而which不可。（2）as代表前面的整个主句并在从句中作主语时，从句中的谓语必须是系动词；若为行为动词，则从句中的关系代词只能用which.。在本题中，prevent由于是行为动词，所以正确选项应为B。as的用法例1.thesame…as；such…as中的as是一种固定结构,和……一样……。例如：Ihavegotintothesametroubleashe（has）.我碰到了跟他一样的麻烦。例2.as可引导非限制性从句，常带有\'正如\'。例如：Asweknow,smokingisharmfultoone\'shealth.如我们所知，吸烟有害健康。Asisknown,smokingisharmfultoone\'shealth.\nAs是关系代词。例1中的as作know的宾语；例2中，它充当从句的主语，谓语动词know要用被动式。18.7先行词和关系词二合一1）Whoeverspitsinpublicwillbepunishedhere.（Whoever可以用anyonewho代替）2）Theparentswillusewhattheyhavetosendtheirsontotechnicalschool.（what可以用allthat代替）18.8what/whatever;that/what;who/whoever1）what=thethingwhich；whatever=anything。例如：Whatyouwanthasbeensenthere.你要的动词都送来了。Whateveryouwantmakesnodifferencetome.不管你要什么，跟我没什么关系。2）who=thepersonthatwhoever=anyonewho。例如：（错）Whobreaksthelawwillbepunished.（错）Whoeverrobbedthebankisnotclear.（对）Whoeverbreaksthelawwillbepunished.王子犯法，与庶民同罪。（对）Whorobbedthebankisnotclear.谁抢了银行还不清楚。3）that和what\n当that引导定语从句时，通常用作关系代词，而引导名词性从句时，是个不充当任何成分的连接词。宾语从句和表语从句中的that常可省略。What只能引导名词性从句，用作连接代词，作从句的具体成分，且不能省略。例如：Ithink（that）youwilllikethestamps.我想你会喜欢这些邮票的。Whatweneedismorepractice.我们需要的是更多的实践。18.9关系代词that的用法1）不用that的情况a）引导非限定性定语从句时。例如：（错）Thetree,thatisfourhundredyearsold,isveryfamoushere.b）介词后不能用。例如：Wedependonthelandfromwhichwegetourfood.我们依赖土地获得食物。Wedependonthelandthat/whichwegetourfoodfrom.2）只能用that作为定语从句的关系代词的情况a）在therebe句型中，只用that，不用which。b）在不定代词，如：anything,nothing,theone,all,much,few,any,little等作先行词时，只用that，不用which。c）先行词有theonly,thevery修饰时，只用that。d）先行词为序数词、数词、形容词最高级时，只用that。.e）先行词既有人，又有物时。例如：Allthatisneededisasupplyofoil.所需的只是供油问题。Finally,thethiefhandedeverythingthathehadstolentothe\npolice.那贼最终把偷的全部东西交给了警察。练习、定语从句选择填空：1.Theman____visitedourschoolyesterdayisfromLondon.A.whoB.whichC.whomD.when2.Thewoman____istalkingtomymotherisafriendofhers.A.whoseB.whoC.whomD.which3.Becauseofmypoormemory,all____youtoldmehasbeenforgotten.A.thatB.whichC.whatD.as4.Doyourememberthosedays____wespentalongtheseashoreveryhappily?A.whenB.whereC.whichD.who5.Tomdidnottakeawaythecamerabecauseitwasjustthesamecamera____helostlastweek.A.whichB.thatC.whomD.as6.Those____wanttogopleasesigntheirnameshere.A.whomB.whichC.whoD.when7.Whereistheman____Imetthismorning?A.whenB.whereC.whichD.who8.Whoisthewoman____issweepingtheflooroverthere?A.whoB./C.thatD.\nwhen9.Theman____youtalkedjustnowisaworker.A.whoB.whomC.towhomD.towho10.Theman____youaregoingtomakefriendsismyfather’sneighbor.A.withwhomB.whenC.towhomD.which11.Thedoctor____isleavingforAfricanextmonth.A.thenurseistalkingtohimB.whomthenurseistalkingC.thenurseistalkingtoD.whothenurseistalking12.Theman____aroundourschoolisfromAmerica.A.whichyoushowedB.youshowedhimC.youshowedD.whereyoushowed13.Hetalkedaboutahero____noonehadeverheard.A.ofwhomB.fromwhomC.aboutthatD.who14.InfacttheSwededidnotunderstandthethreequestions____wereaskedinFrench.A.whereB.whoC.inwhichD.which15.Haveyoureadthebook____Ilenttoyou?A.thatB.whomC.whenD.whose16.Finally,thethiefhandedovereverything____hehadstolentothepolice.A.thatB.whichC.whateverD.all17.Theforeignguests,____weregovernmentofficials,were\nwarmlywelcomedattheairport.A.mostofthemB.mostofthatC.mostofwhomD.mostofthose18.Thisistheveryletter____camelastnight.A.whoB.whichC.thatD.as19.Iknowonlyalittleaboutthismatter;youmayask____knowsbetterthanI.A.whoeverB.whomeverC.anyoneD.theone20.Thisistheschool____wevisitedthreedaysago.A.whereB./C.when21.Thisisthefactory____weworkedayearago.A.whereB.thatC.whichA.whichB.inwhichC.thatD.whatD.onwhich22.Nearbyweretwocanoes____theyhadcometotheisland.D./23.Jackispleasedwith____youhavegivenhimandall____youhavetoldhim.A.that,whatB.what,thatC.which,whatD.that,which24.Doyouworknearthebuilding____colourisyellow?A.thatB.whichC.itsD.whose25.Inthedarkstreet,therewasn’tasingleperson____shecouldturnforhelp.A.whomB.whoC.towhomD.form\nwhom26.Isthisschool____wevisitedthreeyearsago?A.theoneB.whichC.thatD.where27.Isthistheschool____wevisitedthreeyearsago?A.theoneB.whereC.inwhichD./28,Howmanystudentsarethereinyourclass____homesareinthecountry?A.whoseB.whoC.whomD.which29.Alicereceivedaninvitationfromherboss,____cameasasurprise.A.itB.whichC.thatD.he30.ThetrainwascrowdedandIhadtogetintoacarriage____alreadysevenotherpeople.A.whentherewereB.whichtherewereC.thattherewereD.wheretherewere31.Iliveinthehouse____windowsfacesouth.A.whichB.whose32.----Whatgameispopularwiththem?C.whereD.inthat----The____mostistennis.A.gametheylikeitB.gametheylikeC.bestgametheylikeD.bestgametheylikeit33.Theystayedwithmethreeweeks,____theydrankallthewineI\nhad.A.whichB.whichtimeC.duringwhichtimeD.duringwhich34.Theroom____Mr.Whitelivesisnotverylarge.A.thatB.whichC.whereD.when35.Don’tforgettheday____youwerereceivedintotheYouthLeague.A.whenB.thatC.atwhichD.where36.I’vefinishedwritingthenovel,____istobepublishednextmonth.A.thatB.whatC.whichD.when37.Hereturnedhomesafeandsoundafterafiercebattle,____wasunexpected.