初中英语宾语从句课件 25页

宾语从句\n一、什么是宾语？Ilikemyteacher.（名词作宾语)Ienjoyplayingbasketball.(动名词作宾语）Idecidetostudyhard.（不定式作宾语）Iknowhim.（代词作宾语）宾语是动作、行为的对象，是动作的承受者。通常位于及物动词和介词之后。\nIknowMrLiteachesEnglish.(句子作宾语）Sheaskediftheanswerwasright.(句子作宾语）宾语从句即句子作宾语，而不再是一个词或短语作宾语。什么是宾语从句？Question\n你能找出下列句子的宾语或宾语从句吗？Idon’tliketheweather.Youmayusemine.Iwanttoknowwhatyouaregoingtodotomorrow.4.Theyrealizethatthebadhabitwilldoharmtothem.5.IknowthattheWaterFestivalisreallyfun.6.IbelievethatAprilisthehottestmonthinThailand.7.Iwonderifthey’llhavetheracesagainnextyear.\n二、宾语从句三要素连接词时态语序\n（一）连接词（引导词）1.从属连词that(常省略)，whether,if2.连接代词who，whom，whose，what，which4.连接副词when，why,where,how\n由从属连词that引导的宾语从句注：that在句中无词汇意义，在从句中不能充当成分，在口语当中往往省略。e.g.Ihear(that)_______________________.（一小时后他会回来）Hesaid(that)______________________.（他非常想念我们）Theteachertellsus(that)___________________________.（地球围着太阳转）hewillbebackinanhourhemissedusverymuchtheearthmovesaroundthesun\n注2：但若有两个或两个以上的宾从，则只可省去第一个that,第二个that不能省。e.g.他说他会来看我，并说他会尽自己最大的努力来帮助我。Hesaid(that)hewouldvisitmeandthathewouldtryhisbesttohelpme.由从属连词that引导的宾语从句\n注3：当主句的谓语动词是think,believe,suppose,expect等引导否定含义的宾从时，要把否定移至主句表示。e.g我认为你是不对的。Ithinkthatyouarenotright.(F)由从属连词that引导的宾语从句Idon’tthinkthatyouareright.(T)\n由从属连词whether,if引导的宾语从句e.g.1.Iwanttoknow__________________________________.（他是否跟我们一起去公园）2.Askhim_____________________.（他是否能来）3.Idon’tknow___________________________.（是否要下雨）if(whether)hewillgototheparkwithuswhether(if)hecancomewhetheritisgoingtorainornot当句末为ornot时，引导词只能用whether而不能用if.注：whether,if有“是否”的含义，在从句也不充当成分。\n只能用whether的情况1.与ornot连用只能用whether2.介词后只能用whether3.与todo不定式连用只能用whether4.作主语只能用whether\nIdon’tknow_____hewillcomeornot.Idon’tcareof______heishandsome.Hewondered______tostayherethenextweek.____hewillcomeisnotdecided.whetherwhetherwhetherWhether\n连接代词和连接副词引导的宾语从句注：连接代词what,which,who等在从句中可充当主语，表语，宾语等；连接副词when,where,how等在从句中可充当状语。Ididn’thearwhathewantedmetodo.2.MsXiaoaskedwhocouldanswerthequestion.3.Hewantstoknowwhomtheyarewaitingfor?4.HeaskedmewhyIwaslateforclassthismorning?5.Heaskedwhosewritingwasthebestintheclass?\nwhenwe’llhaveameetingwhereheishowIcangettothestationwhythetrainislate6.Pleasetellme_______________________.（我们什么时候开会）7.Canyoutellme_______________.（他在哪儿）8.Couldyoutellme______________________.（我该怎么去车站）9.Wouldyoutellme_________________（为什么火车迟到了）\n（二）语序：陈述句语序即：陈述句结构（主+谓+其他成分）将下列句子换成陈述句语序1.Isthereabanknearhere?2.IsitonFifthAvenue?3.Aretheydoinghomework?\n（三）时态(时态一致性）主句用现在时态，从句可用任何时态。主句用过去时态，从句可用相应的过去时态。Iknowheisateacher.Iknowhewasateacherthreeyearsago.Iknowhehasbeenateacherfor3yearsIknowhewillbeateacheraftergraduation.IknewhewasateacherIknewhehadbeenateacherfor3years.Iknewhewouldbeateacheraftergraduation.注意：当从句是客观真理的时候，无论主句什么时态，从句一律用一般现在时Theteachertoldusthattheearthmovesaroundthesun.\n1.Hedoesn’tdoubt____shecanpasstheexam.2.–Couldyoudomeafavor?--Itdepends_____itis.3.Wehaven’tsettledthequestionof______itisnecessaryforhimtostudyabroad.4.Doyouknow_____Tomisgettingwithhisneighbors?thathowwhetherwhatthatwhatwhetherhow\nCorrectthemistakes(改错)HeaskedmewhywasIlateforschool.Tomdidn’tknowwhathedoesyesterday.Lileisaidtheearthwentaroundthesun.Hedoesn’tknowthatwhenhecancomeback.5.Lilysaidshedidn’tknowhowmuchdidthecomputercost.6.Idon’tknowifhecanhelpmeornot.\n确定从句的时态(根据主句时态)主句时态从句时态连接前连接后一般现在时时态保持不变一般过去时一般现在时一般过去时一般过去时一般过去时一般将来时过去将来时现在进行时过去进行时现在完成时过去完成时\n将下列句子合并为一句:1.Wheredotheystopontheway?Iasked.2.Whatwillyousayatthemeeting?Couldyoutellme?3.Dotheyliketomakefriendswithus?Heasked.4.“Iamdoingmyhomework.”Hesaid.5.“Iwillcomeback.”Tomsaid.Iaskedwheretheystoppedontheway.Couldyoutellmewhatyouwillsayatthemeeting?Heaskediftheylikedtomakefriendswiththem.Hesaidthathewasdoinghishomework.Tomsaidthathewouldcomeback.\n6.“Ishedoinghishomework?”Jimasked.7.“Whenwillhecomeback?”Tomasked.8.“HowcanIgettothestation?”Couldyoutellme?9.“Whyisthetrainlate?”Wouldyoutellme?10.“WhereisTom?”Theyasked.Tomaskedwhenhewouldcomeback.CouldyoutellmehowIcangettothestation?Wouldyoutellmewhythetrainislate?TheyaskedwhereTomwas.Jimaskedifhewasdoinghishomework.\n宾语从句专项练习1时态一致性()1Thegirlsaskedifthey____somefoodanddrinkwiththem.A.tookB.takeC.takesD.willtake()2Catherinesaidthatshe___toGuangzhou.A.hasnevergoneB.hadnevergoneC.hasneverbeenD.hadneverbeen()3Thestudentswanttoknowwhetherthey___dictationtoday.A.hadB.has.C.willhaveD.are()4SheaskedLindaif___goandgetsome.A.couldsheB.shecouldC.shecanD.shemay()5Lindasaidthemoon___roundtheearth.A.travelledB.hastravelledC.travellsD.hadtravelled\n宾语从句专项练习2连接词角度()1Canyoutellme___youwereborn,Betty?A.whoB.whatC.whenD.that()2Idon'tknow___theyhavepassedtheexam.A.whatB.ifC.whenD.where()3Ihardlyunderstand.___hehastoldme.A.thatB.whatC.whichD.who()4Shedidn'tknow___backsoon.A.whetherhewouldbeB.ifwouldhebeC.hewillbe()5Idon'tknow_____hestillliveshereaftersomanyyears.A.whetherBwhereC.whatD.when()6Doyouknow_____theylistenedtoyesterdayevening?A.whatBwhenCwhyDhow()7Heaskedme_____toldmetheaccident.AwhomBwhichCwhoDwhose\n宾语从句专项练习3陈述句语序角度()1.Theydon'tknow______theirparentsare.AthatBwhatCwhyDwhich()2.Pleasetellme______lastyear.A.wheredoesyoursisterworkBwheredidyoursisterworkCwhereyoursisterworksDwhereyoursisterworked()3.SheaskedmeifIknew______.A.whosepenisitB.whosepenitwasC.whosepenitisD.whosepenwasit()4.Youmustremember________.A.whatyourmothersaidB.whatdidyourmothersayC.yourmothersaidwhatD.whathasyourmothersaid()5Didyouknow____?A.whohewaslookingafterB.whowashelookingforC.whoheislookingforD.whoheislookingafter()6Couldyoutellme___?A.whenwilltheyleaveBeijingB.whenwouldtheyleaveBeijingC.whentheywillleaveBeijingD.whendidtheyleaveBeijing\nGoodbye!