初中英语被动专练 4页

被动语态（IntroducionofPassiveVoice）一、主动语态与被动语态的概念：英语动词的语态有两种：⑴主动语态：表示主语是动作的执行者⑵被动语态：表示主语是动作的承受者(常常没在有必要指出动作的执行者情况下使用)例：TheyspeakEnglish.（主动语态）主谓宾Englishisspokenbythem.（被动语态）主谓介词短语注：★及物动词有被动语态，不及物动词必须带有介词才可以有被动语态。例：⑴Welistentotheteachercarefullyinclass.主谓宾→Theteacherislistenedtobyuscarefullyinclass.主　谓　介词短语⑵Ｗelaughedathim.→Hewaslaughedatbyus.二、被动语态的结构与用法：1.结构：be+done(过去分词)被动语态中的be为助动词，无意义。be可能是am,is,are也可能是was,were或原形be。　注：★被动语态的时态是由be的时态决定的，be是什么时态，全句就是什么时态，be后面的过去分词不变。2.用法：　例：①Ｈistoryismadebythepeople.(一般现在时)②ＴhecarsweremadeinTianjingin1995.(一般过去时)③Thetreewillbecutdownnextyear.(一般将来时)④Ｔheroommustbekeptclean.　（含有情态动词的被动语态）⑤Thedoorisbeingopened.　（现在进行时）⑥Thefilmhasbeenseenbyme.　（现在完成时）有些措词故意避免用主语，或用“有人”、“大家”之类，经常用it作形式主语构成被动语态结构。如：Itissaidthatanothersteelplantwillbesetupinthiscity.特别记住下列句型：Itishopedthat…希望……Itisknownthat…据说……Itiswellknownthat…众所周知……Itisbelievedthat…有人相信……三、没有被动语态的动词：　1.没有被动语态的词，表示状态或特征的及物动词如cost,fit,have,suit,writewell(好写),sellwell（好卖）等没有被动形式，另外，诸如happen=takeplace,breakout(爆发)，breakdown(坏了)等不及物动词或短语以及诸如resultfrom(缘于)，belongto,等只用主动语态，而不用被动语态２不及物动词或动词短语无被动语态:appear,　die,disappear,end(vi.结束),fail,last（持续）,lie,remain,sit,spread（传播）,stand,cometrue,fallasleep,...4\n语法专练一、把下列主动语态改为被动语态:1.WeoftenusearecorderinourEnglishclass._______________________________________________________________________________.2.Theywillshowanewfilmnextweek._______________________________________________________________________________.3.Whendidtheybuildthehouse?_______________________________________________________________________________.4.Isawtheboyentertheroom._______________________________________________________________________________.5.Willtheyshowanewfilmnextweek?_______________________________________________________________________________.6.Weoftenseehimhelphisclassmate._______________________________________________________________________________.7.Youmustturnoffthelightbeforeyougotobed._______________________________________________________________________________.8.Whoisrepairingthebike?_______________________________________________________________________________.9.Thestudentshouldlearnallthetextsbyheart._______________________________________________________________________________.二、选择填空:1.Thereadingroom________yesterdayafternoon.A.cleanedB.iscleanedC.wascleaningD.wascleaned2.Theworkersweremade________tenhoursaday.A.workB.toworkC.workingD.worked3.Food________inacoolplaceinsummer.A.mustkeepB.mustn’tkeepC.mustbekeptD.mustn’tbekept4.Hisfather________toworkinHongKong3yearsago.A.sentB.wassentC.hassentD.hasbeensent5.Thepen________well.A.writesB.iswrittenC.waswrittenD.writing6.Greatchanges________inthetownsince1988.A.havetakenplaceB.havebeentakenplaceC.hastakenplaceD.hasbeentakenplace7.Ourcompositionsmust________nextMonday.4\nA.behandinB.behandedinC.handedinD.behandingin8.Thechildwill________backtohisparentsnextmonth.A.sentB.sendC.besentD.besending9.________hiswork________yet?A.have…beenfinishedB.has…beenfinishedC.has…finishedD.have…finished10.Theclassroom________nowA.iscleaningB.isbeingcleaningC.isbeingcleanedD.iscleaned11.Ipromisethatmatterwill_______.A.betakencareB.betakencareofC.takecareD.takecareof12.Nopermissionhas________foranybodytoenterthebuilding.A.beengivenB.givenC.togiveD.begiven13.I_______tenminutestodecidewhetherIshouldrejecttheoffer.A.gaveB.wasgivenC.wasgivingD.hadgiven14.Cansuchathing_____happeningagain?A.preventfromB.preventedfromC.bepreventedfromD.topreventfrom15.Anewhouse________atthecorneroftheroad.A.isbuildingB.isbeingbuiltC.beenbuiltD.bebuilding16.Thisbike________lastyear.A.boughtB.hasbeenboughtC.wasboughtD.hadbeenbough17.Didyouseethehousethat_______byfirelastyear?A.wasdestroyingB.destroyedC.woulddestroyD.wasdestroyed18.It_______whethershewillgetherworkinthehospital.A.hasn’tbeendecidedB.isn’tdecidingC.doesn’tdecideD.hasn’tdecided19.Thepen_______me.Itishers.A.isn’tbelongtoB.wasn’tbelongtoC.doesn’tbelongtoD.didn’tbelongto20.Ican’tusemybikebecauseit_______.A.isrepairingB.isbeingrepairedC.willrepairD.wasrepairing21.Thechairmantoldthespeakerthatshe______tospeakalittleloudersoastomakeherself_____.A.wasexpected;heardB.hadexpected;hearC.hadhoped;hearD.washoped;heard22．----Thewindowisdirty.----Iknow.It_____forweeks.A.hasn’tcleanedB.didn’tcleanC.wasn’tcleanedD.hasn’tbeencleaned23.Bytheendoflastyear,anothernewgymnasium_______inBeijing.A.wouldbecompletedB.wasbeingcompletedC.hasbeencompletedD.hadbeencompleted24.—Howlong_______atthisjob?4\n—Since1990.A.wereyouemployedB.haveyoubeenemployedC.hadyoubeenemployedD.willyoubeemployed25.—Whathappenedtothepricelessworksofart?—_____________________.A.TheyweredestroyedintheearthquakeB.TheearthquakewasdestroyingthemC.TheydestroyedintheearthquakeD.Theearthquakedestroyedthem26.ThisisTed’sphoto.Wemisshimalot.He______tryingtosaveachildintheearthquake.A.killedB.iskilledC.waskilledD.waskilling27.Rainforests______andburnedatsuchaspeedthattheywilldisappearfromtheearthinthenearfuture.A.cutB.arecutC.arebeingcutD.hadbeencut28.Selectingamobilephoneforpersonaluseisnoeasytaskbecausetechnology_______sorapidly.A.schangingB.haschangedC.willhavechangedD.willchange29.Hundredsofjobs_______ifthefactorycloses.A.loseB.willbelostC.arelostD.willlose30.Anewcinema_______here.Theyhopetofinishitnextmonth.A.willbebuiltB.isbuiltC.hasbeenbuiltD.isbeingbuilt三、用适当时态和语态的动词填空:1.Canhe________(speak)English?2.Whatlanguage________(speak)inthatcountry?3.Thefilm________(show)manytimessincelastSunday.4.TheseTVsets________(make)inSichuan.5.Ithasgotsodark.Wouldyouplease________(turn)onthelight?6.Anewhospital________(build)inthisareanow.7.________thebook________(return).8.Rice________(grow)inthesouth.9.Thewindow________(notbreak)bytheboy.10.I________(tell)thathe________(notcome)justnow.4