初中英语定语从句课件x 36页

定语从句\n定语从句概念:在复合句中修饰名词或代词的句子.(Attributiveclause)Maryisabeautifulgirl.Maryisagirlwhohaslonghair.形容词作定语句子作定语,修饰girl,叫做定语从句\n1.Themanisafarmer.2.Themanisspeakingatthemeeting.合并句子:Themanwhoisspeakingatthemeetingisafarmer.\nMaryisagirl.Maryhaslonghair.合并为一个句子Maryisagirlwhohaslonghair.\n先行词关系词定语从句Maryisagirlwhohaslonghair.关系代词关系副词which,who,whom,whose,thatWhere,whenWhy\n关系代词如何引导定语从句普通代词与关系代词的区别Ihaveasister.SheworksinShanghai.代替sister普通代词：只起代替的作用Ihaveasisterwho/thatworksinShanghai.关系代词：1.代替先行词;2.它还在定语从句中担任一定的成分;3.同时连接先行词与它引导的定语从句。（把主句和从句连起来）\n因为关系代词在定语从句中代替主句中的先行词，所以它在一般情况下都跟在先行词之后，而且它的人称、数必须和先行词一致。注:定语从句的时态不受主句的限制。Thewomanwho/thatspokeatthemeetingyesterdayismymother.(主句)Thewomanismymother.(叙述客观事实用一般现在时)(从句)Thewoman(who/that)spokeatthemeetingyesterday.(句中yesterday表示过去时间)e.gThebuildingwhichstandsbytheriverisourschool\n关系词判断步骤:首先，要看先行词。如果先行词是指人,关系代词可用who,that,whom,whose。如果先行词指物,关系代词可用which或that;然后，要确定关系词在从句中的成分。请看下表先行词主格宾格所有格人who,thatwho(m),thatwhose物which,thatwhich,thatwhose,ofwhich\nwho,whom,whose,that用法区别.who作定语从句的主语或宾语.Themanwhoisspeakingatthemeetingisaworker.Themanisaworker.Themanisspeakingatthemeeting.分解作主语\nWhom作定语从句的宾语Thewomanwhomtheywantedtovisitisateacher.Thewomanisateacher.Theywantedtovisitthewoman.分解作宾语\nwhose作定语从句的定语.Iknowthegirlwhosemotherisateacher.分解Iknowthegirl.Thegirl’smotherisateacher.作定语\nthat可以作定语从句的主语和宾语.注意:关系代词作动词宾语时可省略.Thewoman(whom/that)theywantedtovisitisateacher.\n定语从句中需注意事项有些情况下只用关系词that,而不宜用which1.从句所修饰的词又被形容词最高级或序数词修饰时Thisisthemostinterestingstory(that)Ihaveeverheard.Thefirstmeeting(that)wewilltakepartinwillbeheldintheafternoon.\n2.先行词是something,nothing,anything等不定代词时Hereissomething(that)Iwilltellyou.3.先行词既有人也有物时,只能用thatIcanrememberwellthepersonsandsomepictures(that)Isee.\n4.先行词是oneof,theone,或用little,much,few,no,all,some,any,theonly,thevery,thesame,thelast作修饰时Isittheonethatyouwant?Ihaven’tgotmuchthatIcanofferyou.5.当主句已有疑问词who或which时，用thatWhoisthewomanthatwaspraisedatthemeeting?\n只能使用which的情况。1、非限制性定语从句中。eg.Maryhasabook,whichisveryprecious.2、在介词之后。eg.Thisisahouseinwhichlivesanoldman.3、当主句中的主语被that修饰时。eg.ThatdogwhichIfoundinthestreetbelongstoMary.\n只用who的情况1).先行词是anyone,someone,those时，关系词使用whoIsthereanyonewhowantstogothere?2).在therebe句型中，先行词指人,关系词用whoThereisanoldmanwhowantstoseeyou.\nExercise1.Ihaveafriend________likeslisteningtoclassicalmusic.who/thatwhich/thatwhose3.Theman______legbrokeinamatchusedtobeafootballplayer.2.YesterdayEmilywaswearingthenewdress__________Igaveher.\n4.Myparentsliveinahouse__________ismorethan100yearsold.5.Theboywith_______Johnspokeismybrother.which/thatwhom6.Kevinisreadingabook__________istoodifficultforhim.which/that\n————关系副词关系副词是用来引导定语从句的，它和关系代词一样,在从句中代替先行词,在句中作状语。where:在从句中作地点状语,指代地点.when:在从句中作时间状语,指代时间。why:在从句中作原因状语,指代原因I don’t know the reason why he came so late.I still remember the day when I first met Jenny.This is the office where he worked.\n关系副词when,where,why和介词+which之间的关系。关系副词when,where,why可以用适当的介词+which来替代。如：when=in/on/at…+which,where=in/on/at…+which,why=for+which介词的位置非常灵活，有时放在关系代词之前，有时放在动词之后。\nLearntomakeasummary定语从句1.两个句子3.先行作出两决定4.两类只用莫相忘关系代词从句谓语动词形式1.只用that不用which（4）2.只用which不用that（2）主句从句2.两个词先行词关系代词\nⅠ.用that,who,which或whom填空Alicelikessingers_________writetheirownmusic.2.Generally,oldpeoplelikemusic_______isquietandgentle.3.Thegirl____________youmetjustnowinthestreetismyfriend.4.Thisistheschoolin_______Istudiedtwoyearsago.5.Themanwith_______myfatheristalkingoverthereisourheadteacher.that/whothat/whichthat/who/whomwhichwhom\nII.根据句意,用正确的关系代词填空。Heistheman__________isreadytohelpothers.2.Thegirl________________Ispoketojustnowismyfriend.3.Thedress___________youboughtinthecitymallismadeofsilk.4.Billlikesmusic___________hecansingalongwith.that/whothat/who/whomthat/whichthat/which\n5.Thisisthevillage__________Iusedtolivein.6.Womenalwayslikebuyingmanythings_____________theydon’tneedatall.7.I’mstudyingasubject___________Iamveryinterestedin.8.Thegirlwith________Iwentshoppingyesterdayismycousin.that/whichthat/whichthat/whichwhom\n单项选择1.Ilikemusic_______greatlyrics.A.thathaveB.thathasC.whohaveD.whohas2.Theyaretalkingaboutthingsandpersons_______theysawthereafewdaysago.A.whoB.whichC.thatD.whatBC\n3.Thisisthehighestbuilding_______I’veeverseen.A.whichB.thatC.whatD.where4.Ireallydidn’tknowanything_______happenedtoJimyesterday.A.whichB.whoseC.whenD.thatBD\n5.---Whoistheman_______isstandingoverthere?---Oh,heismymathteacher.A.whoB.whomC.thatD.which6.Thebuilding_______isoveronehundredyearsoldisveryfamoushere.A.whichB.whatC.whenD.whereCA\n【2011山东临沂】24.Peterlikesmusic_____isveryloudandenergetic.A.thatB.whoC.whomD./【解析】由句意“彼得喜欢声音大而且有力量的音乐”可知后句为定语从句。that用来指人或物，who用来指人，which用来指物。先行词为物，在句中作主语，且不可省略，用that。中考链接A\n【2011•株洲】Ginalovessingers______writetheirownmusic.A.whichB.whoC.hasworked【解析】本句意思为“吉娜喜欢自己写音乐的歌手”，后面writetheirownmusic做定语修饰singer，而which一般引导事物，who一般用于引导人，本题用于修饰singer是一个人，因此空格处的关系代词为who。B\n【2012广东】Therewillbeaflowershowinthepark_____wevisitedlastweek.A.whoB.whenC.whatD.which【2012广西玉林】—Nowmanypeoplesmokeandgetill.—Soweshoulddosomething______canhelpstopsmoking.A.whatB.whoC./D.thatDD\n【2012湖北黄石】Istillrememberthetime_____wespenttogetheratXisaiMountainlastyear.A.whenB.whatC.whoD.which【2012广东省梅州市】Mr.Smith_____issmokingislookingfor_____helostyesterday.A.whom;whichB.who;whatC.that;whoD.which;whereDB\n【2013哈尔滨】---DoyouknowofGuoMingyi?---Yes.Heisanordinary(普通的)worker______helpsmanypoorchildreninChina.Weshouldfollowhisexample.A.thatB.whichC.whom【2013湖北随州】—Doyouknowtheman______isstandingatthedoor?—Yes,Ido.He'safriendof_____.A.when;IB.who;mineC.that;meD.which;myAB\n【2014河南】“Underground”istheonlywordintheEnglishlanguage_______beginsandends withtheletters“und”.          A.what         B.thatC.who        D.whom【2014德州】—Whatareyoulookingfor? —I’mlookingfortheCDandEXO_______Iboughtyesterday.            A.that          B.whoC.whose       D.whenBA\n根据汉语完成句子：6.Hereisthepen_____________________________.(你昨天丢失的）7.Thisisthebestbook_________________________.(我读过的）8.Ihavelostthepen____________________________.（我父亲给我买的9.Wheatisaplant___________________________.__________________（中国北方种植的）10.Idon’tlikethepeople_________________________.(说得多,做得少的）(that)youlostyesterday(that)Ihaveeverread(which/that)myfatherboughtmewhich/thatisgrownwhotalktoomuchbutdolittleinthenorthofChina\nThankyou!Bye-bye