初中英语介词的用法 37页

中考英语复习方案语法部分\n第一篇词法六、介词复习要点一、常用介词的意义二、常用介词的用法辨析三、中考英语常用介词短语\n知识概要介词是一种虚词，用来表示名词或相当于名词的其它词语句中其它词的关系，不能单独使用。介词可与名词或相当于名词的其它词构成介词短语。介词短语可在句中作定语，状语，表语和宾语补足语。例如：TheboyoverthereisJohn’sbrother.(定语)Thegirlwillbebackintwohours.(状语)OurEnglishteacherisfromAustralia.(表语)Helpyourselftosomefish.(宾语补足语)\n难点链接一、常用介词的意义1.abouta.在各处；四处b.关于2.aftera.在……之后b.在……后面along沿着;顺着as作为;当作amonga.在……中间b.在（三者或三者以上）之间ata.（表示地点/位置）在b.（表示时间）在……时刻）c.（表示动作的目标和方向）beforea.在……前面b.在……以前behind在……后面below在……下面\n一、常用介词的意义10.beside在……旁边;靠近11.between在（两者）之间;在……中间12.bya.在……旁边；靠近b.在……时间c.（指时间）不迟于d.（用于被动语态）被e.（表示方法、手段）用;由f.（指交通工具等）乘;用13.down沿着（街道、河流）而下14.during在……的期间;在……过程中15.except除……之外16.fora.（表示方向）往；向b.（表示所属）……的c.（表示时间距离）计；达d.（说明目的或用途）为…17.froma.（表示起点）从;自b.（表示开始的时候）从……起c.（表示距离）距;离d.（表示来源）来自难点链接\n一、常用介词的意义18.infrontof在……前面intoa.（表示动作的方向）到……内；向内b.（表示情况和结果的变化）变成ina.（表示位置）在……里/内/中b.在…（时间）c.穿;戴d.在…（情况/状况）中e.使用（语言）like像near在……附近;靠近ofa.（表示所属关系）…的b.（表示数量）…的c.（表示其中）…off（表示脱离）离开25.ona.在……上面b.在……时刻c.关于overa.在……上方（以上）b.越过c.遍及pasta.（指时间）过b.走过某处难点链接\n一、常用介词的意义28.since自从…以来29.througha.穿过;通过b.从开始到结束30.till直到……为止31.until直到……为止32.up在/向……上面33.toa.（表示方向）到;向b.（表示间接关系）给c.（表示钟点）在……之34.witha.（表示具有）带有;具有b.（表示手段或方法）用;以c.（表示伴随）与…一道;和…一起35.without没有36.round环绕一周;围着37.under在/向……下面难点链接\n难点链接二、常用介词的用法辨析（1）表时间的介词1）at,inon表示时间点用at。例如：atsixo’clock,atnoon,atmidnight。表示在某个世纪，某年，某月，某个季节以及早晨，上午，下午，晚上时，用in。例如：intheninettenthcentury,in2002,inmay,inwinter,inthemorning,intheafternoon等。表示具体的某一天和某一天的上午，下午，晚上时，用on。例如：onMonday,onJuly1st,onSundaymorning等。2）since,after由since和after引导的词组都可表示从过去某一点开始的时段，但since词组表示的时段一直延续到说话的时刻，因而往往要与现在完成时连用。而after词组所表示的时段纯系过去，因而要与一般过去时连用。例如：Ihaven’theardfromhimsincelastsummer.Afterfivedaystheboycameback.3）in,afterin与将来时态连用时，表示“过多长时间以后”的意思，后面跟表示一段时间的词语。After与将来时态连用时，后面只能跟表示时间点的词语。After与过去时态连用时，后面才能跟表示一段时间的词语。例如：Hewillbebackintwomonths.Hewillarriveafterfouro’clock.Hereturnedafteramonth.\n难点链接（2）表示地点的介词1）at,in,onat一般指小地方；in一般指大地方或某个范围之内；on往往表示“在某个物体的表面”。例如：HearrivedinShanghaiyesterday.Theyarrivedatasmallvillagebeforedark.Thereisabigholeinthewall.Theteacherputupapictureonthewall.2）over,above,onover,on和above都可表示“在……上面”，但具体含义不同。Over表示位置高于某物，在某物的正上方，其反义词是under。above也表示位置高于某物，但不一定在正上方，其反义词是below。On指两个物体表面接触，一个在另一的上面。例如：Thereisabridgeovertheriver.Weflewabovetheclouds.Theyputsomeflowersontheteacher’sdesk.3）across,throughacross和through均可表示“从这一边到另一边”，但用法不同。Across的含义与on有关，表示动作在某一物体的表面进行。Throgh的含义与in有关，表示动作是在三维空间进行。例如：Thedogranacrossthegrass.Theboyswamacrosstheriver.Theywalkedthroughtheforest.Ipushedthroughthecrowds.4)infrontof,inthefrontofinfrontof表示“在某人或某物的前面”，在某个范围以外；inthefrontof表示“在……的前部”，在某个范围以内。例如：Therearesometalltreesinfrontofthebuilding.Theteacherissittinginthefrontoftheclassroom.\n难点链接三、中考英语常用介词短语1.at:atnight,atschool,athome,atnoon,atlast,atleast,atdinner,atwork,atthetable,atonce,not…atall,atthehospital,attimes,atthemoment,attheendof,atthefootof,atabadtimeof,atthemeeting,atthebeginningof,atthesametime,atfirst/last,knockat/on,laughat,lookat,smileat,begoodat,beangryat/with,besurprisedat,attheageof,atthebottomof,havealookat2.by:bytheway,bybus,onebyone,daybyday,bytheendof,byhand3.in:inbed,inawhile,intime,inahurry,infrontof,inthefrontof,intheend,inJapanese,insurprise,inhospital,inone’slife,inalowvoice,innotime,intheopenair,intheday,introuble,inline,infact,inthesun,inthemiddle,inall,arrivein/at,believein,beinterestedin,dowellin,bebornin,bemadein/of/from,inthenewspaper/photo,believein,spendindoing,dropin,inone’sopinion,inthefuture,learn/knowbyheart\n三、中考英语常用介词短语4.on:onduty,ontime,ontopof,ontheradio,onone’swayto,onthewallonfoot,onbike,ontheothersideof,onshow,onSundaymorningonthatday,atalkonhistory,onholiday,dependon,holdon,operateon,puton,passon,spendon,turnon,tryon,lateron,onone’sopinion,spendon,puton,comeon,dependon,onearth,onTV,ontheedgeof,ontheleft/right5.with:withasmile,withpleasure,withone’shelp,agreewith,beginwith,dealwith/dowith,fillwith,help…with,playwith,talkwith,catchupwith,getonwellwith,besatisfiedwith,bebusywith,havenothingtodowith,beangrywithsb.,bepleasedwithsb.,bestrictwith,writewith,haveawordwith,makefriendwith,talkwith难点链接\n三、中考英语常用介词短语6.to:toone’sjoy,toone’ssurprise,prefer…to,pointto,writeto,gotothecinema,gotoschool,bekindto,beableto,beafraidtodo,compareto,getto,gotowork,giveone’slifeto,gotocollege,lookforwardto,nextto,sellto,lendto,talkto7.of:lotsof=alotof,placesofinterest,allkindsof,dieof,hearof,apairof,acoupleof,beafraidof,beproudof,besureof,takecareof,takeholdof,befullof,takecareof,anumberof,bestofall,firstofall,insteadof,hundreds/millionsof,ofcourse,thinkof,8.without:withoutmoney9.after:thedayaftertomorrow,lookafter,afterall10.for:forexample,askfor,leavefor,sendfor,payfor,waitfor,belatefor,forlong,getreadyfor,bebadfor,foralongtime,befamousfor,lookfor,goforawalk,thanksfor难点链接\n三、中考英语常用介词短语11.before:thedaybeforeyesterday12.into:breakinto,knock…into,changeinto13.round/around:comeround,showaround,lookaround14.off:falloff,hurryoff,takeoff,turnoff,putoff15.behind:fallbehind16.from:befrom,comefrom,hearfrom,learnfrom,stop…from…,fromnowon,bedifferentfrom,borrowfrom,buyfrom17.out:findout,sellout,tryout,wearout,pull…outof,lookoutof,putout,workout,comeout,getoutof,goout,sellout,难点链接\n三、中考英语常用介词短语18.like:looklike,soundlike,feellike19.up:lookup,putup,sendup,wakeup,pull…upfrom,eatup,comeup,giveup,getup,growup,pickup,ringup,sellup,setup,standup20.down:takedown,turndown,writedown,godown,closedown,lookdown,sitdown21.about:thinkabout,what/howabout,hearabout,worryabout22.away:takeaway,putaway,faraway,goaway,runaway,throwaway24.over:lookover,thinkover,allover,overthere25.as:thesameas,befamousas26.through:gothrough,lookthrough难点链接\n正误辨析1.［误］Wegottothetopofthemountainindaybreak.［正］Wegottothetopofthemountainatdaybreak.［析］at用于具体时刻之前，如：sunrise,midday,noon,sunset,midnight,night。2.［误］Don'tsleepatdaytime［正］Don'tsleepindaytime.［析］in要用于较长的一段时间之内，如：inthemorning/afternoon,或intheweek/month/year.或inspring/supper/autumn/winter等等。3.［误］WevisitedtheoldmaninSundayafternoon.［正］WevisitedtheoldmanonSundayafternoon.［析］inthemorning,intheafternoon如果在这两个短语中加入任何修饰词其前面的介词都要改为on,如：onacoldmorning,onthemorningofJuly14th4.［误］Hebecameawritterathistwenties［正］Hebecameawritterinhistwenties［析］这句话应译为：他在20多岁时就成了作家。在某人的一段生活时间段中要用介词in来表示，而在具体岁数时用at来表示。5.［误］HewenttoNewYorktofindajobinsixteenyearsold.［正］HewenttoNewYorktofindajobatsixteen.［析］在具体年岁前用at,如：attheageof12，atyourage，等等。6.［误］Wewenttoswimintheriverinaveryhotday.［正］Wewenttoswimintheriveronaveryhotday.［析］具体某一天要用介词on,又如：onNewYear‘sDay\n正误辨析7.［误］I'mlookingforwardtoseeingyouonChristmas.［正］I'mlookingforwardtoseeingyouatChristmas.［析］在节日的当天用on，而全部节日期间用at,Christmas是圣诞节期间，一般要有两周或更长的时间。8.［误］Ihaven'tseeyouduringthesummerholidays.［正］Ihaven'tseenyousincethebeginningofthesummerholidays.［析］during表示在某一段时间之内，所以一般不与完成时搭配，如：Ivisitedalotofmuseumsduringtheholiday.而for表示一段时间，可以用于完成时，如：Ihaven'tseeyouforalongtime.而through用来表示时间时则为"整整，全部的时间"。如：Itrainedthroughthenight.而since则是表达主句动作的起始时间，一般要与完成时连用。10.［误］Inthebeginningofthebook,therearesomeinterestingstories.［正］Atthebeginningofthebook,therearesomeinterestingstories.［析］atthebeginning与attheend都是指某事物的开始与结束部分，均不指时间范围，而inthebeginning则是指开始一段时间。intheend＝atlast是指"最终，终于"之意。\n正误辨析11.［误］Tilltheendofnextweek.Iwillhavefinishedthiswork.［正］Bytheendofnextweek.Iwillhavefinishedthiswork.［析］by引起的时间状语表示了动作的截止点，其意思为"不迟于某一时刻将工作做完"，所以主句一般是完成时态。当然可以有将来时态，如：I'llbetherebyfiveo'clock.而till则表达其一动作一直持续到某一时刻，但句中的动词一定要用持续性动词，而瞬间的截止性动词应用其否定句式，如：Iwon'tfinishthisworktill(until)nextweekend.12.［误］HecametoLondonbeforelastweekend.［正］HehadcometoLondonbeforelastweekend.［正］HecametoLondontwoweeksago.［析］before一般要与完成时连用，而ago则与一般过去时连用。13.［误］IhavestudiedEnglishforthreeyearssinceIhadcomehere.［正］IhavestudiedEnglishforthreeyearssinceIcamehere.［析］since用来表达主句动作的开始时间，所以其引出的从句中应为过去时，而不能用完成时态14.［误］Icanhelpyourepairthisbike.Youwillgetitaftertwohours.［正］Icanhelpyourepairthisbike.Youwillgetitintwohours.［析］中文经常讲两小时之后来取，两天内会修好，而这个介词在英文中要用in而不要用after。其原因有二，①after多用于过去时，如：IarrivedinNewYork.Afterthreedays,Ifoundajobinthebank.②after加时间是表达一个不确定的时间范围，如：afterthreedays,即三天之后的哪一天都可以。所以在许诺若干时间内会完成某事时，一定要用介词in。\n正误辨析15.［误］Threedaysafterhedied.［正］Afterthreedayshedied.［正］Threedayslaterhedied.［析］after与later都可以用来表达一段时间之后，但它们所处的位置不同，after在时间词前，而later在时间词后。16.［误］Shehidherselfafterthetree.［正］Shehidherselfbehindthetree.［析］after多用来表达某动作之后，所以有的语法书中称它为动态介词，如：Irunafterhim.Afterfinishingmyhomework,Iwenttoseeafilm.而behind则多用于静态事物之后。17.［误］Thereisabeautifulbirdonthetree.［正］Thereisabeautifulbirdinthetree.［析］树上长出的果实，树叶要用on,而其他外来的人、物体均要用inthetree.18.［误］ShanghaiisontheeastofChina.［正］ShanghaiisintheeastofChina.［析］在表达地理位置时有3个介词：in,on,to。in表示在某范围之内;on表示与某地区接壤；to则表示不相接。如：JapanistotheeastofChina.19.［误］IarrivedatNewYorkonJuly2nd.［正］IarrivedinNewYorkonJuly2nd.［析］at用来表达较小的地方，而in用来表达较大的地方。at常用于attheschoolgate,athome,atabusstop,atthestation,atthecinema,atasmallvillage。\n正误辨析20.［误］HelivedinNo.3BeijingRoad.［正］HelivedatNo.3BeijingRoad.［析］在门牌号码前要用at,并要注意它的惯用法：attheendofthestreet,atthefootofthemountain,atthetopofthepage。21.［误］ThereisacolourTVsetatthecornerofthehall.［正］ThereisacolourTVsetinthecornerofthehall.［析］在屋内的角落应用in，而墙的外角用at，如：Thereisatreeatthecornerofthestreet.22.［误］ThisweekendI'llstayinUncleWang's.［正］ThisweekendI'llstayatUncleWang's.［析］要注意英文的特殊表达法，如：atatailor'sshop(裁缝店)＝atatailor's,atthedoctor's(去看病)atthebookseller's(在书店)atuncleWang's(在王叔叔家)23.［误］Doyouknowthereissomegoodnewsontoday'snewspaper?［正］Doyouknowthereissomegoodnewsintoday'snewspaper?［析］在报纸上的新闻要用in,而在具体某一版上，或某一页上则要用on。24.［误］TheschoolwillbeginonSeptember1st.［正］SchoolwillbeginonSeptember1st.［析］这里的school应看作不可数名词泛指学校的课程，即开学之意。要注意，有些活动场所当表达正在从事该种活动时不要加冠词，如：attable(吃饭)，WhenIcametoTom'shome,theywereattable.还有：atdesk(学习)，atwork(工作)atschool(上学)，inhospital(住医院)atchurch作礼拜如加上定冠词则另有他意，如：attheschool即在学校工作或办事，inthehospital即在医院工作或去看望病人。\n正误辨析25.［误］Inmywaytothestation,Iboughtanewspapertokilltime.［正］Onmywaytothestation,Iboughtanewspapertokilltime.［析］译文为：在去车站的路上我买了份报纸，为的是消磨时光"在……的路上"应用onone'sway…。而intheway有挡道之意，如：Pleasemovethechairitisintheway。26.［误］Look,thedoorisopen,Maybesomeonebrokeinto.［正］Look,thedoorisopen,Maybesomeonebrokein.［正］Look,thedoorisopen,Maybesomeonebrokeintotheoffice.［析］in是表达一个静止状态，在与break连用时其后不加介词宾语，而into则是动态介词，与break连用时要加介词宾语。27.［误］I'llleaveBeijingtoShanghaitomorrow.［正］I'llleaveBeijingforShanghai.［正］I'llleaveforShanghai.［析］leavefor是离开某地去某处的固定搭配，不可将for改为别的介词。这样的搭配还有：startfor动身前往某处，setoutfor，sailfor。28.［误］I'msorry.Ihavetogetoutthebusatnextstop.［正］I'msorry.Ihavetogetoutofthebusatnextstop.［析］getin,与getout是两个相反的词组。getin为上车，而getout为下车，但语法家认为这里的in与out为副词，所以其后不能接名词，我们可以讲We'dbettergetin.或We'dbettergetout.还有一组词组有关上下车：geton／off(atrain,aship,astruck)getinto／outof(acar,taxi…)\n正误辨析29.［误］BecarefulThetemperatureofthewaterisninetydegreesoverzero.［正］Becareful.Thetemperatureofthewaterisninetydegreesabovezero.［析］over与above在作为比某物高的意思时有时可以互换。但在垂直方向上的高矮时，即正上方时则要用above.而泛指上方时用over.30.［误］Thereisanoldstonebridgeabovetheriver.［正］Thereisanoldstonebridgeovertheriver.［析］over还有一意为"跨越，横跨"。31.［误］TheDeadSeaisunderthesealevel.［正］TheDeadSeaisbelowthesealevel.［析］在垂直下方要用below.也就是讲above与below互为反意词，over与under也是反意词。32.［误］Thereisabigtreeinthefrontofthehouse.［正］Thereisabigtreeinfrontofthehouse.［析］infrontof是在物体外部的前面，而inthefrontof是在物体内部的前面，如：Thedriversitsinthefrontofthebus.33.［误］Ittookthemtwodaystowalkacrosstheforest.［正］Ittookthemtwodaystowalkthroughtheforest.［析］across作为介词有两个主要意思：①横过，如：Iwanttowalkacrossthestreet.②对面，如：Thereisapostofficeacrossthestreet,而through多用于三维空间中的穿越。across则多用于平面上的横过。如：Thelittlegirlranacrosstheroomtomeethermother.\n正误辨析34.［误］Thesunsetstowardthewest.［正］Thesunsetsinthewest.［析］towards也可用作toward，它主要表达朝向某方向运动，但不一定到达，如：Herantoward(s)themountain.而在表示方位east,west,north,south时，其前面要用in。要注意的是这4个词可以用作副词，如：Iwentsouth.也可用作名词，如：Iwenttothesouth.也可用作形容词，如：IwenttothesouthpartofChina.35.［误］Doyouhavenootherclothesexceptthose?［正］Doyouhavenootherclothesbesidesthose?［析］beside是"在……旁边"，如：Thestudentsstoodbesidetheirteachers.而besides是"除……之外，不仅……而且……，除了……以外还有……"，如：IstudiedEnglishbesidesFrench,whenIwasincollege.而except则是从同一类物体中去掉某一部分，如：IcomehereeverydayexceptSunday.而exceptfor是指去掉不同种类的事物，如：Theroomiscleanexceptfortwochairs.而exceptthat则要加从句。36.［误］CanIwritetheexampaperwithink?［正］CanIwritetheexampaperwithapen?［正］CanIwritetheexampaperinink?［析］with后要加拿得起来放得下的工具，而墨水、颜料等原料则要用in。\n正误辨析37.［误］I'mearliertoday.Icameherebyhiscar.［正］I'mearliertoday.Icamehereinhiscar.［析］在交通工具前加介词by，但不能再有任何指示代词或冠词，否则要改换相应的介词。bytaxi=inataxibytrain=inatrainbybicycle=onabicyclebyship=onashipbyboat=inaboatbybus=onabusbyplane=onaplanebyair空运byland陆运bysea海运onfootonhorsebackbyphonebyletterbyradiobyairmailbyhand38.［误］AlotofFrenchwinesaremadeofgrape.［正］AlotofFrenchwinesaremadefromgrape.［析］madeof是指由原材料到成品过程中原材料未发生质地的变化，而发生了某种变化则要用from,如：Thedeskwasmadeofhardwood.39.［误］ThisisagooddictionaryinEnglishgrammar.［正］ThisisagooddictionaryonEnglishgrammar.［析］关于某方面的书籍、报告等有两个介词，其中on表示某专业用书，about则为某方面的普通读物，如：Thisisabookaboutphysics.即物理科普知识。\n正误辨析40.［误］Doyouhavethekeyofthedoor.［正］Doyouhavethekeytothedoor.［析］keytothedoor门的钥匙。相同用法还有answertothequestion,entrancetothehighway,dangertohealth.千万不要用of。41.［误］TodayalotofChinesepeoplehaveinterestofcollectingstamps.［正］TodayalotofChinesepeoplehaveinterestincollectingstamps.［析］haveinterestin是在某方面有兴趣。42.［误］Ididn'tdomyhomework,sotheteacherwasangrytome.［正］Ididn'tdomyhomework,sotheteacherwasangrywithme.［析］beangrywith其后接人，而beangryat其后接事。如：Hewasangryatwhatshesaid.43.［误］Hewasgoodforskating.［正］Hewasgoodatskating.［析］begoodat为"擅长某事"，而begoodforsomebody为对某人很好。44.［误］Itwasgoodtoyoutohelpmylittleboy.［正］Itwasgoodofyoutohelpmylittleboy.［析］这句话应译为：你真太好了，帮助了我的小孩。而begoodtosomebody是对某人态度好。如：Hermotherisgoodtoeveryone.45.［误］Myparentswereverypleasedatme.［正］Myparentswereverypleasedwithme.［正］Myparentswereverypleasedatmystudying.［析］bepleasedwith后加somebody,而bepleasedat后加something。\n正误辨析46.［误］Heisagreewithme.［误］Heagainstsme.［正］Heagreeswithme.［正］Heisagainstme.［析］同意agree为动词，而反对against则为介词。在使用中一定要注意。47.［误］Ihaven'theardlettersfromhim.［正］Ihaven'theardfromhim.［析］hearfrom即为：从某人处得到信件。不要再加letter了。48.［误］Teacher.MayIcallatyouthisweekend?［正］Teacher.MayIcallonyouthisweekend?［析］作为"拜访"讲callat其后接地点，如：MayIcallatyourhomethisweekend?而callon其后接人。49.［误］Doyouknowthegirlonwhite?［正］Doyouknowthegirlinwhite?［析］inwhite为穿一身白。与in有关的词组有：inbed(睡觉)，inhospital(住院)，inahurry(匆匆忙忙)，indanger(危险中),injoy(高兴)，ingoodhealth(身体好)，inlove(恋爱)，introuble(困境)，与之相反的是outof,如：outoftrouble(摆脱困境)，outofdate(过时了)，outoforder(出故障)\n正误辨析50.［误］Helookedatmeatsurprise.［正］Helookedatmeinsurprise.［析］surprise的用法一般有三种。①用于句首，Toone'ssurprise,如：Tomysurprisehesucceeded.②besurprisedat,如：Iwassurprisedatthenews.③用于句尾insurprise.51.［误］Shedidn'tcometoschoolbecauseofshewasill.［正］Shedidn'tcometoschoolbecauseshewasill.［析］becauseof后接名词，如：Thegamewasputoffbecauseoftherain.\n例题解析1-Thankyou＿＿＿thebeautifulflowers!-Notatall.AinBonCatDfor［答案］D.［析］由于某事向某人道谢应用for。2Canyouanswerthisquestion＿＿＿English?AbyBinCwithDfrom［答案］B.［析］in表示用语言、声音、或材料，如：Heansweredthequestioninalowvoice.3Look＿＿＿themap＿＿＿China＿＿＿thewall,please.Aafter,of,inBat,of,inCafter,in,onDat,of,on［答案］D.［析］lookat为"看"，而onthewall为"在墙表面挂着"，而inthewall则是"在墙内"，如：Thereisholeinthewall.墙上有个洞。4-WhendidMr.GreenarriveinLondon?-Hearrivedthere＿＿＿theeveningofDecember6th.AatBinConDto［答案］C.［析］intheevening/afternoon这两个词组不论是在其前或后加上任何修饰词都应将介词换为on,如：onacoldmorning,onaspringmorning等。\n例题解析5Wewontherelayrace.Andtherewasabigsmile＿＿＿ourteacher'sface.AoffBnearConDbetween［答案］C.6Thetwinsgotonwell＿＿＿theirclassmates.AtoBinCwithDabout［答案］C.［析］getonwellwith与人相处很好。7-Pleaseremembertocometomybirthdayparty.-Isee.I'llcome＿＿＿Saturdayevening.AinBatConDfor［答案］C.8Let'shurry，orwe'llbelate＿＿＿schoolAtoBatCwithDfor［答案］D.［析］belatefor，而comelateto，如：Don'tcomelatetoschool9Theywillhaveamathstest＿＿＿twodaysAforBatCinDafter［答案］C.［析］三天之内应用in，而不要受中文影响用after，afterthreedays是个不定的时间范围，即没有一个准确的时间。5天、6天、10天全是afterthreedays。\n例题解析10Mybrotherjoinedthearmy＿＿＿A1989，MarchBinMarch，1989CMarch，1989D1989，inMarch［答案］B.［析］在月份、年、前用介词in，而日子前用on。11Hecouldn'tworkoutthemathsproblem＿＿＿yourhelpAwithoutBunderCforDwith［答案］A.［析］在某人帮助下应用with，如：WiththehelpoftheteacherIpassedtheexameasily　而要是没有你的帮助则用withoutyourhelp12Grannytookonelookatus＿＿＿herglassesAbyBthroughConDin［答案］B.［析］through为穿过……。13Wehadourbreakfast＿＿＿aquarter＿＿＿sevenA/，toB　in，toC　at，toD　on，to［答案］C.［析］具体时间点前用at，而差几分几点用to，这里应译为：我在差一刻七点吃的早饭。14　IlearnFrench＿＿＿theradioeverydayA　onB　inC　fromD　at［答案］A.［析］从收音机中听到某事应用词组ontheradio。\n例题解析15It'sgoodmannerstowait＿＿＿lineAinBonCatDwith［答案］A.［析］inline为排队。16HowmanyEnglishwordshadyoulearnt＿＿＿lastterm?AbytheendofBattheendofCtotheendofDtilltheendof［答案］A.［析］bytheendof为动作的截止时间，与完成时态相配合17Themanagerwasverysatisfied＿＿＿hisworkAinBonCaboutDwith［答案］D.［析］besatisfiedwith为固定搭配。18JohnhitJack＿＿＿faceAontheB.intheC.onhisD.inhis［答案］B.［析］英文中的某些动词其后要接人，然后加介词＋the＋身体部位，如：Hecaughttheboybythearm。19Iwasborn＿＿＿thenight＿＿＿September15，1978Ain，onBat，onCat，inDon，of［答案］D.［析］在时间前加介词时应以最小的时间单位为准。\n例题解析20It'sabadmannertolaugh＿＿＿peoplewhentheyare＿＿＿troubleAover，inBat，inCin，atDat，for[答案］B.［析］laughat嘲笑某人，laughover笑着谈论某人或某事，introuble陷入困境。21Ican'tdothisworkwell＿＿＿Tom'shelpAunderBforCwithoutDfrom［答案］C.22Don'tshout＿＿＿theoldwoman。Youshouldbemorepolite＿＿＿her.Ato，atBat，toCin，forDfrom，for［答案］B.［析］shoutat为"冲某人喊叫"，而bepolitetosomebody为"对某人和气。"23Wemustbestrict＿＿＿ourselves＿＿＿everythingAwith，inBin，withCwith，toDto，of［答案］A.［析］bestrictwith对某人严格要求。24Hewenttothefootballmatch＿＿＿lunchlastSundayAtoBwithoutCbehindDbetween［答案］B.［析］withoutlunch未吃午饭。\n例题解析25Thepeople'sRepublicofChinawasfounded＿＿＿1949AwithBonCsinceDin［答案］D.［析］在年代前用in。因句子是过去时而不是完成时，所以不能用since。26MrBlackgottoHangzhou＿＿＿afewdaysAinBafterConDat［答案］B.［析］这句话应译为：几天之后Mr.Black到达了杭州。而不是在几天之内一定要做完某事，所以选B。27-Hastheteachergivenyouanyadvice＿＿＿yourEnglishstudy?-Yes，hehasAfromBwithConDin［答案］C.［析］给予某一方面问题的忠告其介词用on。28Youmaydepend＿＿＿himHeis＿＿＿honestmanAon，aBin，anCon，anDat，the［答案］C.［析］dependon为"依靠某人或某事"，而honest的首字母h不发音。29　＿＿＿myjoy，IcananswerthisquestionAWithBToCByDFor［答案］B.［析］Toone'sjoy意为"使我高兴的是。"\n例题解析30Theteacheraskedthestudentstolook＿＿＿thewordinthedictionaryAforBatCupDafter［答案］C.［析］lookfor寻找，lookat看，lookafter照顾，lookup查字典。31Alittlemonkeyisplaying＿＿＿atreeandtherearealotofbananas＿＿＿itAon，onBin，onCon，inDin，in［答案］B.［析］树上长出的果实为onthetree　而其他外来之物要用inthetree，表达在树上。32Igotoschool＿＿＿buseverymorning.A.inB.byC.onD.at［答案］B.［析］by后直接加交通工具，表示乘某种交通工具去某地。33Noonelikesaperson＿＿＿badmanners.A.withoutB.onC.outofD.with［答案］D.［析］withbadmanners有不良习惯的人。34Thepolicemanwassurprised＿＿＿thenews.A.intoB.forC.atD.outof［答案］C.［析］besurprisedat对某事吃惊。\n例题解析35Hehadtosellnewspapers＿＿＿seven.A.atanageofB.attheagesofC.attheageofD.atageof［答案］C.［析］attheageof在几岁时。36Thelittlegirlcouldn'thelp＿＿＿whenshesawalargedog.A.criedB.tocryC.cryingD.cries［答案］C.［析］couldn'thelp＋动名词表示情不自禁地去做某事，或禁不住做某事。37Jackwasborn＿＿＿March1st,1978.A.onB.inC.atD.of［答案］A.［析］日期，时间前的介词按其表达语中的最小单位计算。38Edisonwasveryinterested＿＿＿sciencewhenhewasaboy.A.toB.onC.inD.about［答案］C.［析］beinterestedinsomething对某事感兴趣。39Theteacherwasverysatisfied＿＿＿heranswer.A.inB.onC.forD.with［答案］D.40Thestoryhappened＿＿＿Beijing.A.inB.withC.forD.on［答案］A.\n课时训练单项填空1.WetraveledovernighttoParisandarrived_______5o’clock______themorning.A.on;inB.at;inC.at;onD.in;on2.Where’sLily?Weareallhere_______her.A.besideB.aboutC.exceptD.with3.Shesentherfriendapostcard_______abirthdaypresent.A.onB.asC.forD.of4.JackhasstudiedChineseinthisschool_______theyearof2000.A.sinceB.inC.onD.by5.---Whatisawritingbrush,doyouknow?---It’s_______writinganddrawing.A.withB.toC.forD.by6.Englishiswidelyused______travellersandbusinesspeopleallovertheworld.A.toB.forC.asD.by7.______thehelpofmyteacher,Icaughtupwiththeotherstudents.A.UnderB.InC.WithD.On8.HongKongis_____thesouthofChina,andMacaois_____thewestofHongKong.A.in;toB.to;toC.to;inD.in;in9.---You’dbetternotgooutnow.It’sraining.---Itdoesn’tmatter.Mynewcoatcankeep______rain.A.inB.ofC.withD.off10.Japanlies______theeastofChina.A.toB.inC.aboutD.atBCBACDCADA\n课时训练用适当的介词填空1.---Howareyougoingtothetrainstationtomeetyouraunt?---I’mgoingthere_______mycar.2.Mum,todayisMother’sDay.MikeandIwanttoinviteyoutohavedinner_____usatZhonglouRestaurant.3.Hangzhouisfamous______theWestLake.4.Todaysomenewly-producedmobilephonescantakepictures______acamera.5.Couldyoutellmeifthereisaflighttothecapital______March,25th?6.Weallagree______you.Let’sstartatonce.7.Thereisabigshop______theothersideoftheroad.8.---Whichnecklacehaveyoulost?---Theoneyougaveme_____mybirthday.9.Youshouldtakemoreexercise.It’sgood______yourhealth.10.Itisclearthatfishcannotlive_______water.inwithforlikeonwithonforforwithout\nSeeyounexttime!