初中英语代词及练习 84页

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  • 2022-08-15 发布

初中英语代词及练习

  • 84页
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初中英语代词及练习英语学习第二课时:代词一、课前热身1.Allof__(我们)arefromBeijing.2.Don‘tworry.__(我们)willcomeandhelp__(他)3()Afriendof__willcometoourschooltoday.A.myB.hisC.herD.your4()Thisbookismineandthatoneis__.A.herB.she’sC.hersD.her’s5()Help__tosomefish,everyone.A.yourselfB.youC.yoursD.yourselves6()Idoit__.A.myselfB.meC.ID.mine7()Studentsshouldknowhowtohelp__.A.anotherB.otherC.othersD.theothers8()Isthereanythinginyour__hand?A.otherB.theotherC.anotherD.each9()hehastwosons,__ofthemisateacher.AbothB.neitherC.allD.none10.()Ihadatalkwith__ofthegirls.AeveryB.otherC.eachD.another\n二、重点讲解(一).人称代词:单数复数主格宾格主格宾格第一人称Imeweus第二人称youyouyouyou第三人称it/she/heit/her/himtheythem1.主格作主语,宾格作动词或介词的宾语.Heteaches______(we)Chinese.2.三种人称代词并列时,顺序为:单数:二,三,一(You,sheandI)复数:一,二,三(we,youandthey)_______and_______inthesameclass.她和我在同一个班级。注::若把责任担,第一人称最当先,(即若做错事时,把第一人称放在最前面.)Whobrokethewindow?_______and_______.谁打破的窗户?我和迈克。(二).物主代词.第一人称第二人称第三人称单数复数单数复数单数复数形容词性myouryouryourits/his/hertheir\n名词性mineoursyoursyoursits/his/herstheirs1.形容词性的物主代词作定语放在名词前,不能单独使用。2.名词性的物主代词,后面不能加名词。名词性的物主代词常与of连用。Ourclassroomisasbigas______(they).Thisisafriendof______(my).注:1)(名词性的物主代词=形容词性的物主代词+名词)Thisisn’t_______bag,_______ishere.这不是我的包,我的在这。2)形容词性的物主代词与own连用时,后面可跟名词也可不跟名词.Myownhouse=ahouseofmyown(三).反身代词单数复数第一人称myselfourselves第二人称yourselfyourselves第三人称himself/herself/itselfthemselves记忆小窍门:反身代词有规律,第三人称宾格加self.其余都要物主加self,复数ves来把f替.\n反身代词的常用搭配:EnjoyoneselflookafteroneselfSaytooneselfdressoneself(四).指示代词单数复数近指thisthese远指thatthose2.用法:1)thatthose常用来代替前面出现的人或物,以避免重复.That代替可数名词的单数或不可数名词.Those代替复数名词.TheweatherinGuangdongishotterthan_____inQinghai.Thebooksinthatshoparecheaperthan______inthisshop.A.thisB.thatC.oneD.those2)this,that可代替句子或句子的一个部分,that代替前面提到的句子而this代替下面提到的句子.Hehadabadcold,_______iswhyhedidn’tcome.3)在电话用语中,this代替自己,而that代替对方.________isTomspeaking.Whois________?我是Tom,你是哪位?(五).不定代词\n1.one与it的区别One是指同名异物,即同类中的一个,为泛指(=a/an+名词);中的一种.It是指同名同物,为特指(=the+名词)Thisbookisagoodone.MayIborrowit?2.some与any的区别some一般用于肯定句,any用于否定,疑问句中.但在表建议的疑问句中,仍用some代any.常用于could/would/May开头或whatabout/howabout….的句中。MayIhavesomewater?Heaskedmeforsomepaper,butIdidn’thaveany.Any可以表示‘任何一个’,可以用在肯定句中。Comeanydayyoulike!3.many,much,.a(few),a(little)的区别含义用语肯定含义否定含义修饰可数名词many,afewfew修饰不可数名词much,alittlelittle注:alotof不能用于否定句中.否定句中用many/much.Thestoryiseasytoread.Thereare_____newwordsinit.Hurryup!Thereis_____timeleft.4.each/every的区别\nEach,every都可以作不定形容词,但each侧重单体,用于两者或两者以上;every侧重全体,用于三者或三者以上。注:each可以与of连用,eachof作主语时,谓语动词用单数.而every只能作形容词,后面必须跟有名词。Therearetreesandflowerson_____sideofthestreet.______studenthasreadastory.5.all,both,either,neither,none的区别肯定否定任何一个两者之间bothneithereither三者或三者以上allnoneany注:1)bothof作主语时,谓语动词用复数.neitherof作主语时,谓语动词用单数.Neitheroftheanswers______(be)right.Bothofmyparents_______(be)workers.2).词组A)both…and…连接两个主语时,谓语动词用复数.同义词组:notonly…butalso…反义词组:neither…nor…NotonlyyoubutalsoshelikeswatchingTV.=____you_____shelikewatchingTVB)either…or…或者……或者……,neither…nor…既不……也不……连接两个主语时,谓语动词实行就近原则.\nNeitheryounorhe______(be)right.OneofLilyandLucyisgoingtothepark.=_____Lily_____Lucy_____goingtothepark.C)either也可用于否定句中的“也”D)neither也可表示“也不”句型:neither…sb。某人也不怎么样.Ifyoudon’tgothere,__________I.3)howmany/howmuch的回答:用none回答.Who的回答:用noone回答.What的回答:用nothing回答.Howmanystudentsarethereintheclassroom?__________.Whocananswerthequestion?_______.A.NoneB.NooneC.Nothing6.another/theother/others/theothers的区别种类数单数复数没有数量限制(泛指)Anotherothers有数量限制(特指)theothertheothers注:1)one…theother…表示一个……另一个……,范围为两个。当出现物主代词时,两个中另一个的表达法为【物主代词+other】,不可以再加theIhavetwobrothers,oneisateacher,_________isa\nworker.Peter,showmeyouronehand,thenyour_________hand.2)theothers表示“剩余的”,范围为两个以上。Thereare40studentsinourclass,15aregirls,_________areboys.3)another表示“另一个,又一个”泛指众多中的一个,后面一般接单数名词.Wouldyoulike______apple?4)others表示别人,没有范围限制,可以和some组成词组,some…others…(一些…一些…)Somearecleaningtheclassroom,______aresweepingthewindow7..复合不定代词.someanynoeverysomethinganythingnothingeverythingsomeoneanyonenooneeveryonesomebodyanybodynobodyeverybody注:1)somebody(=someone)\n用于肯定句中,在否定句及疑问句中用anybody(=anyone);________wantstoseeyou.有人想见你。Isthere________here?这里有人吗?同样,something(某物)用于肯定句中,在否定句及疑问句中用anything。Iwant________toeat.Ican’tdoanythingnow.2)everybody(=everyone)和everything是单数代词________workshardinclass.班里的每个人都很努力Is________goingwellwithyou?你一切顺利吗?3)Nobody(=noone)用作单数代词________wantstogohome.没有人想回家。(六).疑问代词Whowhomwhosewhichwhat谁(主格)谁(宾格)谁的哪个,哪些什么疑问代词用于构成特殊疑问句,它们在句中充当主语,表语,宾语,定语当疑问代词作介词宾语时,可以将介词提前到句首。注:1)Who和whatWho问姓名或与回答人的关系,前面可以用物主代词。What“是做什么的”问职业,前面用”a/an”________isthegirl?Sheismysister.________isthegirl?Sheisasinger.\n2)which和whatWhich指“哪个,哪些”有选择的范围。what没有范围供选择。________newspaperdoyouwant?你要什么报纸?________doyoulikebestofthethree?三个当中你最喜欢哪一个?初中七年级下册英语试题听力部分(25分)Ⅰ.听录音,给下列图画标出序号.(1-5)(5分)ABCDE1.()2.()3.()4.()5.()Ⅱ.听录音.选择相应的回答.(10分)\n()6.A.Heisflyingaplane.B.Heisflyingakite.C.Helikesflyingaplane()7.A.SheisreadingEnglish.B.SheisreadingaChinesebookC.SheisreadinganEnglishbook()8.A.They’rewearingabluetrousersandblouse.B.They’rewearingblueblousesandtrousers.C.They’rewearinggreentrousersandablouse()9.A.One.B.Two.C.Three()10.A.Athome.B.Atschool.C.Inhisclassroom.Ⅲ.听短文,填入所缺单词.(10分)Ican’t(1)theideathatoldpeoplehavenorighttobe(2).SoIlikering,scarvesand(3).Iwear(4)clothesbecauseIwanttobeyoungandbeautiful.Ienjoypraiseaboutmygoodappearance.Idon’t(5)whatyoungpeoplethinkofme!\n笔试部分(105分)IⅤ.选择填空.(20分)()1.Where_______LindaandTinacomefrom?A.doB.areC.does()2.WewenttoHainanIslandonMayDayandhadgreatfun_______inthesea.A.swimB.swimmingC.toswim()3._________othermoviesdoyoulike?A.WhatB.WhyC.How()4.---------Whatareyou?---------I’m_____________.A:drinkingsometeaB.OKC.acleaner()5.Let’s___________ourlesson.A.startsB.tostartC.start()6.Everyone________listeningtohimnow.A.doB.isC.are\n()7.Marylikes______glasses.A.puttingonB.inC.wearing()8.OurChineseteacherhasabeautiful___________.A.good-lookingB.lookC.hat()9.Theywouldlike_________toschoolbycar.A.goB.togoC.going()10.Jim______standtheboringlessons.Ican’tstandthem,________.A.can’t;eitherB.can’ttooC.can;too()11.Katedoesn’tagree_________theteacher.A.toB.onC.with()12.The________womanhasthreedaughtersandtwosons.A.fortyyearsoldB.forty-year-oldC.forty-years-old()13.-----_______doyouthinkofthemovie?-----It’sboring,Idon’tlikeit.\nA.WhatB.WhyC.How()14.Tom’sfatherenjoyed________Englishsongs.A.listeningB.listeningtoC.tolisten()15.Mybrotheroften__________somethingsafterschool.A.makesB.doesC.exercises()16.Myfather¬¬¬¬________thearticleyesterday.A.lookB.readsC.read()17.Tom________carefullybut__________nothing.A.listen;hearB.listened;heardC.heard;listened()18.------_________doyoulikeFuyuan?------Because________ismyhometown.A.Why;itB.What;theyC.How;it()19.Pleasego_______thisroadand________right.Youcanfindthesupermarket.A.down;turntoB.along;turnC.straight;turn\n()20.Thesnowisvery___________..A.heavyB.heavilyC.bigV.补全对话.(10分)A.Wherewereyouborn?B:Whydidyoumovethere?C.Howareyou?D.Whenwereyouborn?E.Howlongdidyoulivethere?LinPeng:Hello,Bill!Nicetomeetyou._____________(1)Bill:Fine,thankyou.Andyou?LinPeng:I’mfinetoo.CanIaskyousomequestions?Bill:Certainly!LinPeng:_________________(2)Bill:OnFebruary18,1981.LinPeng:_________________(3)Bill:IwasborninNewYork,theUSA.LinPeng:__________________(4)Bill:Forabouttwelveyears.ThenwemovedtoCanada.LinPeng:___________________(5)Bill:Becausewewantedtofindajobthere.\nLinPeng:Nicetalkingtoyou.Goodbye.VI..用所给词的适当形式填空.(10分)1.Whatabout______________(have)arest?2.He__________(do)someexerciseseveryday.3.Didyougo____________(shop)withmomyesterday?4.He____________(play)basketballwithusnow.5.Youcan’t__________(talk)inclass.VII.完形填空.(15分)阅读短文,然后从各题所给的答案中选择最佳的,把序号填在括号中.TodayisourfirstdayinCentralMiddleSchool.Itisalarge1beautifulschool.Mr.Johnsonis2.ButMsLaurentisvery3.Wehavetoo4school5.We6wearbracelets(手镯),sunglasses7earrings.ButIcan’tlive8mycharm(护身符)bracelet.Wehavetowearschool9onschooldays.ButIcan’t10thecolorofouruniform.Wehaveto11EnglishandChineseeverymorning.ButIdon’thavetimeto12myviolin.Wehaveto13homework.Wehaveto14hard.Wehavenotimeto15basketball.()1.A.orB.andC.with\n()2.A.friendB.funC.friendly()3.A.seriousB.wellC.good()4.A.manyB.muchC.little()5.A.thingsB.rulersC.rules()6.A.haveB.can’tC.don’t()7.A.andB.withC.or()8.A.withoutB.withC.no()9.A.hatB.uniformC.bag()10.A.likeB.standC.see()11.A.lookB.seeC.read()12.A.practiceB.readC.clean()13.A.muchB.manyC.do()14.A.talkB.playC.study()15.A.practiseB.likeC.playVIII.阅读理解.(30分)A)根据短文内容判断正误.正确的用(T),错误的用(F).(10分)Alittlegirloftengoestoashop.Insummer,sheusuallygetssomeicecream.Inspring,winter,andautumnsheasksforsomechocolate(巧克力).Themanintheshopknowsher\nwell.Oneday,it’scoldandwindy.Thesnowisfalling(落下).Thegirlgoesintoshopandasksforsomecigars(雪茄烟).Themansays,“Noyoucan’taskforthat.Youareunder18.Look,apolicemaniscoming……”“Itdoesn’tmatter.Heismyfather.”Thegirlsays.1.Thegirlwantsicecreamallthetime.()2.Themanintheshopdoesn’tknowher()3.Shedoesn’tlikechocolate.()4.Onecoldwinterday,thegirlgoestotheshopforsomecigars.()5.Thegirlsaysthepolicemanisherfather.()B)阅读短文,从所给答案中选择最佳的.(10分)Mr.Brownisoneofmyfriends.Hecanrunveryfast(快)andliketoshowpeoplehowfasthecanrun.Oneday,athief(小偷)gotintohishouse,tooksomeofhisthingsandranoutofthe\nhousefast.Mr.Brownfounditandranafterhim,andshouted(喊),“Hey(嗨)!Don’tyouknowyoucan’tgetawayfrom(逃脱)me?Butthethiefranfaster.Mr.Browngotangry(生气)andranfaster,too.Hewassoonafewkilometersawayfromhishouse.Hewasrunninghardwhenhemetme.“Whyareyourunningsofast?”Iasked.“Iwanttocatchthethief,”saidMr.Brown.“Butwhereisthethief?”Iasked.“Kilometersbehind”,saidMr.Brownproudly.“Hethoughthecouldrunfasterthanme,butyouseeheiswrong.”()1.Didthethiefsteal(偷)anythingfromMrBrown’shouse?A.Yes,hewasB.No,hedidn’tC.Yes,hedid()2.Whoranfaster,Mr.Brownorthethief?A.Mr.Brown.B.No,thethief.C.thethief.()3.WhatdidMr.Browndowhenhefoundthethief?\nA.Hecaughthim.B.Heranafterhim.C.Hestayedbehindhim.()4.DidMr.Browncatch(抓住)thethief?A.yes,hedid.B.No,hedidn’tC.No,buthisfrienddid.()5.Whatdoestheword“proudly”mean?Itmeans_______?A.自豪地B.难过的C.突然地C)根据短文填空.(10分)TVShowList9:00CookingwithMr.Bean16:00AnimalWorld10:20PopMusiconShow17:00ArtsClass11:00NatureandScience19:30AmericanNews13:30SportsTime20:00SoapOpera14:50CartoonCity21:30Let’sLearnEnglish1.Ifyouwanttowatchasoccergame,youcanwatch¬¬¬________________\n2.Theshowof_________________canteachyoualotaboutAmerica.3.Ifyoulikeanimals,youmustliketowatch_________________.4.Theshowof________________canmakeyouenjoythepopmusic.5.IfyouwanttostudyEnglish,youwatch_________________.IX.写作.(10分)每个学校都有规章制度,下面是你们学校的一些规章制度,请你向新同学Tom介绍.1.上课不能迟到.2.课堂要保持安静.3.不许在教室里吃东西.4.不许在课堂上听音乐,玩游戏.5.不要损坏花草树木.\n-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------初中七年级英语试题听力材料Ⅰ.听录音,选择相应的图片.(听二遍)1.Tomlikestohelppeopleintrouble,andpeoplelikehim.butthievesdon’tlikehim,Heisapoliceman2.Jennywantstomeetdifferentkindofpeople.Shelikestobeareporter.3.Bettywearsawhiteuniformandshehelpsdoctorsandpatients.4.Ilikesports,afterschool,Ioftenplayfootballwithmyfriends.5.Samworksinarestaurant.Heisverybusywhenpeoplegooutfordinner.Ⅱ.听录音.选择相应的回答.(5分)()6.W:Hi!LinTao,Areyouflyingakite?M:No,I’mflyingaplane.Doyouwantago?Q:What’sLinTaoflying?()7.M:Hello!Lucy.Whatareyoudoing?W:I’mreadingabook.M:AreyoureadinganEnglishbook?W:No,I’mreadingaChinesebook.\nQ:What’sLucyreading?()8.W:Excuseme,MrGreen.Ican’tfindthetwins.M:Oh,wemustfindthem.Whataretheywearing?W:Theyarewearingbluetrousersandblouses.Q:What’rethetwinswearing?()9.M:Whatcanyouseeinthepicture?W:Icanaboy,agirlandanoldman.Q:Howmanychildrenarethereinthepicture?()10.M:WhereisLiLei?Isheatschool?W:No,heisathome.He’sdoinghishomework.Q:WhereisLiLei?Ⅲ.听短文,填入所缺单词.(5分)Ican’tstandtheideathatoldpeoplehavenorighttobebeautiful.SoIlikering,scarvesandsunglasses.IwearcolorfulclothesbecauseIwanttobeyoungandbeautiful.Ienjoypraiseaboutmygoodappearance.Idon’tmindwhatyoungpeoplethinkofme!初中七年级英语参考答案及评分标准听力部分:(25分)\nⅠ.1—5:EDABC(5分)Ⅱ.6-10:ABBBA(10分)Ⅲ.11-15:stand,beautiful,sunglasses,colorful,mind(10分)笔试部分:(105分)Ⅳ.1—5:ABACC6—10:BCBBA(20分)11-15CBABC16-20CBABAⅤ.CDAEB(10分)Ⅵ.having;does;shopping;isplaying;talk(10分)VII.1-5BCAAC6-10BCABB11-15CACCC(15分)VIII.A)FFTTT(10分)\nB)CABBA(10分)C)1.SportsTime2.AmericanNews3.AnimalWorld(10分)4.PopMusiconShow5.Let’sLearnEnglishIX.写作.略(10分)初中英语介词的用法一、介词按其构成可分为: 1.简单介词at,in,on,to,since,until等。如:  He'sworkedtheresince1998. 2.复合介词into,onto,outof等。如:  Sheisoutofschool.她毕业了。 3.二重介词fromunder,frombehind,fromoutof,untilafter,exceptin等。如:  I'mfromoutoftown.我是从城外来的。 4.短语介词becauseof,insteadof,inspiteof等。如:  Iwentbacknotbecauseoftherain,butbecauseIwastired.   我回去不是因为下雨,而是因为我累了。二、介词的作用:\n 1.表示地点:after,along,at,below,by,of,near,over,through,under等。如:  Nearthevillagetheboysareskatingontheice.男孩子们正在村子附近的冰上滑冰。  Theylaydownundertheshadeofatree.他们躺在一棵树的树阴下。 2.表示时间:about,after,across,at,during,for,in,of,till,until等。如:  Afterclasshewilltellusabouttheaccident.课后他将告诉我们有关事故的情况。  Aheavyrainhasbeenfallingacrossthreedays.一场大雨下了整整三天。  Theaccidenthappenedduringthenight.事故发生在夜间。 3.表示动作:at,across,around,on,over,under等。如:  Theearthgoesaroundthesun.地球绕太阳运行。  Thecarisunderrepair.汽车在修理中。 4.表示比较:as,like,above,over,with等。如:  Shewassomethinglikehersister.她有几份像她的妹妹。  ChineseismuchmoredifficultincontrastwithEnglish.和英语相比,汉语难得多。 5.表示原因:about,for,from,with等。如:\n  Don'tworryaboutmylessons.不要担心我的功课。  Businesskeptmefromcoming.我因事不能来。  HewasangrywithwhatIdid.他对我所做的很气愤。 6.表示条件:to,with,without等。如:  Withoutyouradvice,hewouldhavefailed.没有你的忠告他可能已经失败了。 7.表示手段、方式:as,by,in,with等。如:  Hebehavedasadrunkard.他的举止如同醉汉一样。  Learnthenewwordsbyheart.记住这些生词。  Weseewithoureyes.我们用眼睛看。 8.表示距离、数量:from,in,within等。如:  Myhouseistenmilesfromtheschool.我家离学校十英里。  Theywerethirtyinall.他们总共有三十人。 9.表示目的:as,for等。如:  Ionlysaiditasajoke.我只是把它当作笑话讲的。  It'stimeforclass.到上课的时间了。 10.表示让步:for,with等。如:  Forallhiseffort,hedidn'tsucceed.虽然他做了一番努力,仍不能成功。  Withallhismoney,heisunhappy.尽管他有钱,但他并不快乐。\n  for还可以引导插入语,例如:  I,forone,shallvoteagainsttheproposal.我也投票反对这个提议。介词的用法一览 1.与形容词搭配的词组有:  beafraidof(怕)  beangrywith(生某人的气)  beawayfrom(不在某地)  bedifferentfrom(与……不同)  begoodat(善于)  begood/badfor(对……有益/有害)  beinterestedin(对……感兴趣)  belatefor(迟到)  be/getreadyfor(为作好准备)  besureof(对……有把握)  beworriedabout(为……感到担忧) 2.介词后常用人称代词宾格和动词-ing形式  1)Youmusttakegoodcareofher.  2)Thankyouforteachingussowell. 3.几组易混淆的介词  A.“在……之后”  in+一段时间(用于一般将来时)\n  after+一段时间(用于一般过去时)  after+一点时间(常用于一般将来时)  如:  Thebabystoppedcryingafterhalfanhour.  Thebabywillstopcryinginhalfanhour.  TheywillvisittheirteacherafterFriday.  B.for+一段时间  since+过去的一点时间  这两者均用于现在完成时,具体在时态部分,我会继续向同学们讲解。  C.bemadeof“用……制成”   bemadein“由某地制造”   bemadebysomebody“由某人制成”  D.in,on,at表时间  in表示“在某月(季节、年等)”  如:in1996,inJanuary,insummer  固定词组:inthemorning,inaweek,inaminute,intime,intheend  on用于指具体的某一天或专指某一天上午、下午或晚上等。  如:onChristmasDay,onthenightofFebruary16  at用于具体时刻前和某些固定词组中。  固定词组:atseven,atthemoment,atnight,atlast,at\nfirst,atnoon,attimes,atonce,atthistimeoftheyear,atthebeginningof,attheendofthismonth,atthesametime。  注意:在表时间里,下列情况下一般不用介词。词组里有:next,last,this,that,tomorrow,yesterday,one,every,all以及thedaybeforeyesterday和thedayaftertomorrow前不用介词。如:不能说intomorrow,只能说tomorrow(在明天)  E.except+宾格/doingsomething“除……之外”(不包括本身)    EveryoneisatschooltodayexceptLinTao.(同义句转换)    =OnlyLinTaoisn'tatschooltoday.  F.“用”交通工具byplane   用语言inEnglish   通过媒介on/overthetelephone,on/overtheradio,onTV   用工具手段withapen,withone'shands  G.between“在……和……(两者)之间”     between…and…,     betweenthetwo…     among在……之间(三者或三者以上)\n英语常用介词的用法1)at,in,on,over,under(a)at在……   “at+N/(place)”的基本意义在于表达空间或位置的点的概念。 例:Thereisaballatthefootofthedesk.   (在书桌的桌腿那里有一个球。)   就我们日常生活的活动来看,如下面各短语所指的场所都属于点的概念。   athome在家  atwork在工作场所,(外出工作)不在家  atthedoor/window在门/窗口  attheoffice在办公室  atschool在学校  at(the)university在大学  atthebusstop在公共汽车站  atthestation在车站  atthecrossroads在十字路口  atthebridge在桥头处  atthenextcorner在下一个街角  atthebaker's在面包店\n  atNo.36,ParkStreet公园街36号  attheparty在宴会中  atameeting在会场  attheclub在联谊会  atone'sdesk在自己的书桌处  at([美]the)table在餐桌处;在吃饭  atthebottomof… 在……的底部  atthefootof… 在……的脚处  attheendof… 在……的末端/尽处  atthecenterof… 在……的中央 注:请注意下面两句的区别:  Imetherinthestation.  (我在车站里遇见她。—station指建筑物)  Imetheratthestation.  (我在车站遇见她。—station指交通线上的点,遇见她的地方有可能在车站里面,也可能在车站外面。)(b)in在……里面/之中   “in+N/(place)”的基本意义是表示在面或空间的范围里面。 例:Mywatchisinthedrawerofmydesk.   (我的手表在我的书桌抽屉里面。)   可用“in…”来表达的场所、地点、位置、空间等可以如下:\n  in+洲名、国名、地区名、州/省……区域名、城市、乡村名等。  inAsia在亚洲  inChina/theUnitedStates在中国/美国  inSiberia/theWest在西伯利亚/西部  inCalifornia/FuJian在加州/福建省  inthesouthernpartofTaiwan在台湾南部  inLondon/Beijing在伦敦/北京  intown/thecountry在镇上/乡下  in+日常生活场所  inthestreet在街道中  inthepark在公园里  inthewoods/trees在树林里  inthefield在田野里  inthegarden在花园里  inthecampus在校园里  inthelibrary在图书馆里  intheoffice在办公室里  inthegym在体育馆里  in+三维空间  inthesky在天空  inthesun在太阳光下\n  intherain/snow在雨/雪中  inthedark在黑暗中  intheocean/sea在海洋中  intheriver/pool在河/游泳池里  inthebuilding/house在建筑物/屋里  in+容器  inthe/abox/bag在盒/袋里  inthebottle在瓶子里 inthedrawer在抽屉里  inthebasket在篮子里  inthepocket在衣袋里 其他  inhisbook在他的书中  inthenewspaper在报上  herpoems在她的诗中  inthatstory在那故事中  inyourreport在你的报告中  inthemiddleof在……的中央;在……当中  inthecenterof在……的中央  inthecornerof在……的角落里 注:inthecornerof(内角)    onthecornerof(外角)\n    atthecornerof(交叉角) 例:Thereisawastebasketintheleftbackcorneroftheclassroom.   (教室后面的左角处有纸篓。) 例:Thereisaphoneboothonthecornerofnextblock.   (下一个街区的转角处有一电话亭。) 例:Let'smeetatthecornerofthe32ndStreetandFifthAvenueat6:00p.m.O.K.?   (我们就在下午六点,第五大道与第三十二街的交叉角处见面,可以吗?)(2)请比较下面例句的区别: 例:   Keepquietinthelibrary.   (图书馆内请保持肃静。——表示图书馆的范围内。)   Iwasatthelibrarywhenitrained.   (下雨时我正在图书馆借书/或者资料。——图书馆在本句是日间活动的一个点。) 例:   Thevisitorswerestillintheschoolthen.   (当时来访者还在学校。——指场所)   Atthattimemychildrenwerestillinschool.    (当时我的小孩都还在上学。——指事)\n 例:   IvisitedherseveraltimeswheninPairs.   (我在巴黎居留期间去看过她几次。——人住在巴黎)   WestayedatParisforonlyfourdayswhenwewentonatourinEuropelastsummer.   (上次夏天我们到欧洲观光旅游时在巴黎只停留了四天。——巴黎是观光旅行上的一点)(c)on在……上面   “on+N/(place)”的基本意义是表示人、物等在……的表面上面,并指与该表面相接触的意思。 例:Thereisatelephoneonthedesk.(书桌上有一部电话机。)“on…”所表示的表面不一定是平面,也可指立体等。 例:   Shedoesn'tliketohangpicturesonthewall.   (她不喜欢墙上挂图画。) 例:   Thereisflyontheceiling.   (天花板上有一只苍蝇。) 其他常看到的有:   onthefloor在地板上\n   ontheground在地面上   onearth在地球上   onone'sface在……的脸上   onpage65在第65页   onafarm在农场上   “on…”也可以表示在……线上的旁边。 例:Ihaverentedahouseon21stStreet.   (我在第21街租到一栋房子。) 例:It'sasmalltownontheMississippiRiver.   (那是密西西比河边的一个小镇。) “on…”也可表示附着或装置在……的上面的意思。 例:Hebrokethehandleonthedoor.   (他把门的把手破坏了。) 例:Thelensonyourcameraisbroken.   (你的相机上的镜头破了。)(d)over…在……的上面/上方   “over+N/(place)”是表示在……的上方或覆于……的上面的意思,是“under”的相反词。 例A:Thereisalightonthedesk.    (书桌的上方有一盏灯。) 例B:Sheputherhandsoverherface.    (她用两手遮住了她的脸。)\n “over”的本义是“在……平面或物体的上方(例A)”,所以只要是在一个水平的表面,或有面积的平面上方就可用“over…”,不必在……的直接上方。 例:Wesawournationalflagflyingovertheroof.   (我们看到了国旗在屋顶上飘扬。) 例:Thesettingsunoverthehorizonlooksvery,verybeautiful.   (地平线上的夕阳看起来非常美。) 例:Theplaneflewlowoverthetown.   (那架飞机低空飞过市镇。) 注:“on”与“over”的区别 “on”是表示support(支撑)的意思,over则表示cover(覆盖)的意思。   Iputacuponthedesk.   (我把一个杯放在书桌上。——书桌支撑着杯子。)   ThenIputmyhandkerchiefoverthecup.   (然后我把我的手帕覆在杯子上。——杯子被手帕所覆盖。)(e)under…在……的下面/下方 “under…”是表示在……的下面或下方,是over的相反词。 例:Thereisdogunderthedesk.   (有一只狗在书桌的下面。)\n “under”也是指水平的平面或面积的下方/下面,不一定只指直接的下面或下方。 例:Wesailedpassingunderthebridge.   (我们从桥下航行通过。) 例:Agroupofchildrenareplayingunderthebigtree.   (有一群小孩正在那棵大树下游戏。) 例:Soontheshipsankunderthewater.   (很快地那艘船就沉到水底去了。)(2)above,below,beneath,beside,near,inside,outside,into,outof(a)above…在……之上;高于 “above…”的基本语义是表示位置高于……(higherthan…),是below的相反词。 例:Thereisaclockonthewall.Itisabovetheblackboard   (墙上有一个钟。它的位置高于黑板。) “above”所指“位置高于……”,如图所示通常都不在与它相比物体的直接上方,但是也可以笼统地指“在……之上”,这个时候“above”可和“over”通用。 例:Canyouseethehelicopterabove/overthepalace?   (皇宫上空有一架直升机你看到了吗?)─PEU,MichaelSwan “above”也可用于指河流的上游。 例:Thereisadamfivemilesabovethebridge.\n   (离桥五英里的上游有水坝。)(b)below…在……的下面;低于 “below…”的基本语义是表示位置低于……(lowerthan…),是above的相反词。 例:Thereisasocketonthewall,too.Itisbelowtheclock.   (墙上也有插座,它在钟的下方。) 如图所示“below”是指位置低于……,通常都指不在和它相比的物体的直接下方,但是有时也可以和“under”通用只是笼统地指“在……的下面”。 例:Wemetattheentrance,below/undertheclock.   (我们在入口处的钟下面相遇了。)─OGEG,JohnEastwood “below”也可指河流的下游。 例:Thewaterbelowthebridgerunsverydeep.   (桥下游处的水流很深。)(c)beneath…在……的下面;在……的底下 “beneath…”本来是指“在……(在底部的面接触的)底下”,但是在现代英语常与under/below通用。 例:Thereisaboxfixedbeneaththechalkrailoftheblackboard.   (黑板下方横木条底下设有一个盒子。)\n 例:Fromtheballoonwecouldseethetownfarbelow/beneathus.   (从热气球上我们可以看到下方远处的小镇。)(d)beside…在……的旁边 例:Thereisachairbesidethedesk.   (在桌旁边有一张椅子。) “beside…”也常作“并……”解释。 例:ShesatbesideTom.  =SheandTomsatsidebyside.   (她和汤姆并排坐着。)(e)near在……附近/旁边 例:Thereisadognearthedoor.   (靠近门的地方有一只狗。) 注:“near,nearto,close[klous]to”都用于表示“在……的附近”的意思。 例:Ilivenear/nearto/closetothestation.   (我住在靠近车站的地方。)(f)inside…在……里面/内部(outside) 例:Thereisadoginsidetheclassroom.   (教室里有一只狗。)\n “in”与“inside”都可用于表示“在……里面/内部”,但是“inside”是强调在三维空间内或在密闭的容器里面的意思,有时也用于和其相反词“outside”作对比。 例:What'sthereinsidethatbox?Itweighsratherheavy.   (盒子里面是什么东西?它相当重。) 例:Smokingisnotallowedinsidethecars.   (车厢内不准吸烟。)(g)outside…在……外面/外部(inside) 例:Thereisastudentoutsidetheclassroom.   (教室的外面有一个学生。)(h)into…进入……之中;到……里面(outof)   Thestudentiswalkingintotheclassroom.   (那个学生正走进教室。) “into…”的基本语义是表示“进入……”的动作。 例:Verycarefullyheputthevasebackintothebox.   (他小心地把那花瓶放回那个箱子里。)(i)outof…向……外面(into) 例:Thestudentbythewindowthrewaballoutofthewindow.   (靠窗的那个学生把一个球投出了窗外。) 注意:“outofthewindow”说成“outthewindow”是错误的。(3)among,between,behind,infrontof,before,to,by   Thisisapictureofmyfamily.Thewomanwholooks\noldismygrandmother.Sheissittingamongus.Mymotherissittingtotheleftofmygrandmother.Thelittlegirlsittingtotherightofmygrandmotherismyyoungersister.Sheissittingbetweenmygrandmotherandmyfather.Iamstandingbehindmymother.Myeldersisterisstandingbetweenmyelderbrotherandme.OurdogRosaislyingonthefloorbeforeus.ThereisaballinfrontofRosa.  解说 ①among:表示位于三个以上的人、物、地之中,含被包围之意。 例:Thereisacottageamongthetrees.   (林中有一间小木屋。) ②between:表示位于两个人、物、地之间的意思。 例:Bettylikestositbetweenherparents.   (贝蒂喜欢坐在父母之间。) 例:TaichungisabigcitybetweenTaipeiandTainan.   (台中是台北与台南之间的一个大城市。) ③behind:表示位于……的背后的意思。 例:Thereisahousebehindthehouse.   (屋后有一处花园。)\n 请比较下面两例句的区别: 例:   Closethedoorbehindyou,Tom.   (汤姆,请把你背后的门关起来。)   Closethedoorafteryou,Tom.   (汤姆,请你随后关门。) ④infrontof:表示位于……人、物的直接前面。 例:Don'tparkyourcarinfrontofthegate.   (不要把你的车子停大门口。) ⑤before:表示位于……人、物的前面,也含“infrontof…”的意思。 例:Thereisastreamrunningbeforemyhouse.   (我家门前有一条小河流。) ⑥to:表示位于……人、物的左边或右边,或东、西、南、北方位。 例:Whoistheyoungladysittingtotheleftofyourfather?   (坐在你父亲左边的那位年轻女士是谁?) 例:TheislandliestothenorthofthePhilippines.   (这个岛位于菲律宾群岛的背面。) 请比较下面两例句: 例:Keelungisasea-portsituatedinthenorthernpartofTaiwan.\n   (基隆是位于台湾北部的海港。—“in”表示在……的范围内) 例:ThereisaverysmallislandlyingtothenorthofTaiwan.   (台湾北面有一个很小的海岛。—“to”表示在……范围外) ⑦by:表示在……人、物的旁边或靠近……的意思。 例:Iliketositby(=nextto)thewindow.   (我喜欢坐在窗边。) 例:Weboughtahouseby(=near)thelake.   (我们买了一栋建于湖边的房子。)(4)along,across,beyond,off,through,toward,up,down,from…to…(a)along…沿着…… “along…”是表示沿着细长的线(如道路、河流、海岸)……的意思。 (across) 例:Wedrovealongthehighway.   (我们沿着公路行驶。)(b)across…横过;在……的对面 “across…”可表示由一边到对面的横越运动或对面的静止状态。 例:Inthepicturewecanseetwopeopleswimmingacrosstheriver.   (在图中我们可以看到有两个人正在游泳渡河。)\n 例:Thereisafarmacrosstheriver.   (河的对岸有一处农场。)(c)beyond…在……的那一边 “beyond…”是表示在(中间要越过某一场地或物体)……的那一边的意思。记得有一首歌的歌词是“我的家在山的那一边”,这就是“beyond”的意思。 例:Thereisavillagebeyondtheriver.   (在河的那一边有一处小村庄。)(d)off…离……;离开…… “off…”表示离开主干线或场所一段距离的意思。 例:Thereisafarmhouseoffthehighway.   (离开公路一段距离处有一间农舍。)(e)through…通过……;穿过…… “through…”是表示从一端贯穿到另一端去的意思。 例:Thehighwaygoesthroughatunnelat(thefootof)themountain.   (这条公路穿过一条隧道直通到山脚下。)(f)toward(s)…向/朝……的方向 “toward(s)…”表示运动的方向,英式英语以“towards”较普通,美式英语则以“toward”较普通。 例:Thereisanairplaneflyinghighinthesky.Itisflyingtoward(s)east.\n   (有一架飞机正在高空中飞行。它正向东飞去。)(g)up…向……高处/上面;向……上游(down) “up…”表示运动方向往上面、高处或河流的上游。 例:Inthepictureweseeaboatsailinguptheriver.   (在图中我们看到有一艘小船正向上游航行。)(h)down…向……低处/下面;向……下游(up) “down…”表示运动方向往下面、低处或河流的下游。 例:Inthepictureweseetwoboatssailingdowntheriver.   (在图中我们看到有两艘小船向下游航行。)(i)from…to…从……到…… “from…to…”表示两地间的距离或两地间的运动;“from…”是起点,“to…”是终点。 例:Whatisthedistancefromthebridgetothetunnel?   (桥到隧道之间的距离是多少?) “from…”也常单独用,指出发点或根源,“to”则指目的地。 例:IcamefromNewYorkyesterday.   (我昨天从纽约来的。——出发点) 例:Icome/amfromNewYork.   (我是纽约人。——根源) 例:AtickettoNewYork,please.\n   ([买车票]到纽约的车票一张。——目的地)(5)表示场所或位置的其他介词   about,around/round,against,opposite,past,onto,ontopof(a)about…在……附近或周围;向各处 例:Thethiefmusthavehiddenhimselfsomewhereabouthere.   (那个贼一定藏身在这附近。) 例:Thatafternoonwetookawalkaboutthetown.   (那天下午我们就在镇上各处走了走。) 例示的“about…”是英式英语的用法,美式英语则常用“around…”。(b)around/round…在……四周;环绕…… “around”和“round”作介词用时可通用,但是美式英语似乎用“around”较普通。 例:Mr.Chenhastravelledaroundtheworld.   (陈先生曾到世界各地旅行过。) 例:ThereisaChineserestaurantroundthecornerofthenextblock.   (下一个街区的转角处有一家中式餐厅。) 例:Shewaswearingascarfroundherneck.   (她围了一条围巾在脖子上。)\n(c)against…倚……;靠……   Hestoodagainstthedoor.   (他倚门站着。)(d)opposite…在……的对面   Marylivesinthehouseoppositeours.   (玛丽就住我们家对面的那栋房子。)(e)past…经过…… “past…”表示行进运动经过……场所或建筑物。   Ijogpastherhouseeverymorning.   (每天早上我都会慢跑经过她的家门口。)(f)onto…到……之上 “onto…”是表示物体或人落在……之上或把物体放置……之上的意思。英式英语也常用“onto”,在一般的表达上也常可和“on”通用。   Ijumpeddownontotheplatform.   (我跃下落在讲台上。)   Shestoodup,putherbookonto/onthebench,andshookhandswithme.   (她站了起来,把她的书放在长椅上,和我握了手。)(g)ontopof…在……的上面 “ontopof…”表示相叠在……的上面的意思。   Don'tputthevaseontopoftheTVset,please.\n   (请不要把花瓶放在电视机上面。) 请比较:   Putthevaseonthetable.   (请把花瓶放在桌子上。——不含相叠之意)初一上册词组1.abigcake一块大蛋糕2.asmalldesk一张小书桌3.yourfriend你的朋友4.coldcola冷饮5.amapofChina一张中国地图6.What’syourname?你叫什么名字?MynameisJack.我叫杰克。7.Thankyou.谢谢。8.anEnglishbook一本英语书9.Itdoesn’tmatter.没关系。10.inEnglish用英语11.inthepicture在图画里12.Goodmorning.早上好13.Goodafternoon.下午好14.Goodevening.晚上好15.Howareyou?你好16.Fine,thanks.很好,谢谢。17.Nicetomeetyou.见到你很高兴。18.writedown写下\n19.What’syourfirstname?你叫什么名?20.What’syourlastname?你姓什么?21.What’syourtelephonenumber?你的电话号码是多少?22.hisfamilyname他的姓23.herfirstname她的名24.Sitdown,please.请坐。25.Spellthewordorange,please.请拼橘子这个词。26.yourbackpack你的双肩背包27.hispencilsharpener他的卷笔刀28.hisdictionary他的字典29.myfriend我的朋友30.Excuseme.打扰了/请问。31.Thisis…thisis…这是…这是…32..lookfor/find寻找/找到33.Howdoyouspellbook?你怎么拼book?B-O-O-K.34.Canyouspellbook?你会拼book吗?Yes,Ican.B-O-O-K.35.What’sthisinEnglish?这个用英语怎么说?It’sa/an…36.Callmeat110打我的电话110.37.call110打110电话。38.playacomputergame玩电脑游戏39.lostandfoundcase失物招领箱40.anIDcard一张身份证41.schoolIDcard校卡42.asetofkeys一串钥匙43.aneraser一块橡皮44.twobuses两辆公共汽车45.threefish三条鱼\n46.fourwatches四块手表47.fiveknives五把小刀48.sixphotos六张照片49.sevendictionaries七本字典50.eightpencilcases八个文具盒51.ninebackpacks九个书包52.tenchildren十个孩子53.blackandwhite黑白相间的54.ablackkey一把黑色钥匙55.abluepen一支蓝色钢笔56.Whatcolorisit?它是什么颜色?57.Whatcolorarethey?它们是什么颜色?58.anicemap一张好看的地图59.awhitejacket一件白色夹克衫60.agoodorange一个好橘子1.talkabout谈论2.thanksfor/thankyoufor为…而谢3.apictureofJim’sfamily=4.Jim’sfamilyphoto吉姆的家庭照片5.familytree家谱6.familyphoto家庭照片7.bring….to…把…带到…8.take…to…把…拿到…9.verymuch非常(句尾)10.thesegirls这些女孩11.thoseboys那些男孩12.hisparents他的父母13.yourbrother你的哥哥/弟弟14.dearmom亲爱的妈妈\n1.ahappyfamily一个快乐的家庭2.myfather’sparents我父亲的父母3.lovethemverymuch非常爱他们4.myfriend’sgrandparents我朋友的祖父母Tom’sfamilytree汤姆的家谱1.behindthesofa在沙发后面2.onthechair在椅子上3.underthedesk在书桌下4.inmybedroom在我的卧室内5.inherpencilcase在她的铅笔盒内6.inthekitchen在厨房里7.underLily’sbackpack在莉莉的书包下8.Whereisthe…?9.Wherearethe…?10.Idon’tknow.我不知道。11.inthetree物品在树上12.onthetree果实长在树上13.inthewall穿过墙14.onthewall在墙面上15.onthebed物品在床上16.inbed人躺在床上17.lookat看18.videotape录像带19.mymathbook我的数学书20.take…to…把…带到21.bring…to…把…带来22.behindthedoor在门后23.inthedrawer在抽屉里24.nextto/besidethechair在椅子旁边\n1.onthedresser在梳妆台上2.infrontof在…前面3.haveasoccerball有一个足球4.haveaping-pongball有一个乒乓球5.haveatennisracket有一个网球拍6.playsoccer踢足球7.playbaseball打棒球8.playbasketball打篮球9.playvolleyball打排球10.playping-pong打乒乓球11.Let’splaytennis.让我们打网球吧。12.Thatsoundsgood.那听起来太好了。13.joinus加入我们14.joinyourschoolsportsclub加入你们学校体育俱乐部15.haveatabletennisbat有一个乒乓球拍16.playchess下象棋17.eightvolleyballs8个排球18.havetwofootballs有两个足球19.baseballbat棒球球棒20.ping-pongbat乒乓球拍21.atennisracket一个网球球拍22.playsports/dosport做运动23.agreatsportscollection收藏大量的体育用品24.havesevenwatches有7块手表25.watchTV看电视26.letsbdosth让某人做某事27.beinteresting是有趣的28.beinterestedin某人对…感兴趣29.watchsportsonTV在电视上看体育30.playsportseveryday每天做运动\n1.havesomemorepaper有更多的纸1.likeeatingbananas喜欢吃香蕉2.healthyfood健康的食物3.eatmuchbread吃很多面包4.eatFrenchfries吃薯条5.lotsofbooks/alotofbooks很多书6.havesometea喝一些茶7.twocupsofcoffee两杯咖啡8.acupofmilk一杯牛奶9.havericeforlunch午饭吃米饭10.haveicecreamfordessert甜食吃冰淇淋11.havesomechickenfordinner晚饭吃鸡肉12.havehamburgersforbreakfast早饭吃汉堡包13.likedoingsth./liketodosth.=enjoydoingsth.喜欢做某事14wouldliketodosth.=wanttodosth.想要做某事15like…alittle有点喜欢16.like…alot=like…verymuch非常喜欢17.don’tlike…atall一点也不喜欢18.eatwell吃得好19.goonapicnic去野餐20.makealistof制造…名单21.thesame…as像…一样22.inthesameschool在同一个学校23.indifferentschools在不同的学校24.welcometo…欢迎来到…25.Hereyouare.给你。26.Hereisyourfamilyphoto.这里是你的家庭照片。1.Howmuchis/are…?。。。多少钱?\nIt’s/Theyare¥10.2.Howmany+(可数名词复数)多少?Howmuch+(不可数)多少?3.ataverygoodprice以最优惠的价格4.havealook看一看havealookat+sth.看…东西5.Hereyouare.给你。6.Thanksalot./Thankyou.谢谢你。Youarewelcome.不用谢。7.CanIhelpyou?你要买什么?WhatcanIdoforyou?IsthereanythingIcandoforyou?8.helpsb.(to)dosth.helpsb.withsth.帮助某人做某事9.wantsth.想要某物wanttodosth.想要做某事wanttobeateacher想成为一名老师wantsb.todosth.想让某人去做某事10.Whatcolor…?什么颜色?11.I’lltakeit.我买了。12.20dollars20美元13.thisredT-shirt这件红色T恤衫14.thatblackbag那个黑色的包15.I’msorry.对不起。16.Comeandbuyat+store快来买…17.greatsale大减价18.onsale出售/上市forsale待售19.sellitat/for$2以2美元价格卖出20.What’sthepriceof…?\n=Howmuchis/are…?…的价格是…?21.in+color穿…颜色的服装22.can/can’taffordsth.买得起…东西23.comeandsee来看看24.haveasale做买卖=dobusinesswith25.buy…from…从…处买26.sell…to…把某物卖给某人27.buysth.forsb.为某人买某物28.Whichone?哪一个?1.HappyBirthday.生日快乐。2.Happybirthdaytoyou.Thankyou.祝你生日快乐。谢谢。3.basketballgame篮球赛4.onChristmasDayatChristmas在圣诞节5.Octoberfifth十月五日6.schooltrip郊游7.Englishspeechcontest英语演讲赛8.anEnglishparty英语晚会9.birthdayparty生日晚会10.pianoconcert钢琴音乐会11.ArtFestival艺术节12.popmusic流行音乐13.SchoolDay校庆日schoolday学校上课日14.inJanuary在一月in1993在1993年onSeptember3rd在9月3日15.It’stimeforsth.\nIt’stimetodosth.该做…了./到…时间了16.Whatfestivalsdoyouhave?你们有什么节日?Howoldareyou?What’stheageofyou?What’syourage?I’m13.你几岁?我13。18.I’minClass7Grade1No.1MiddleSchool.我在一中一年七班19.Afterschool放学以后afterclass下课以后20.基数词1---100序数词第1---第1001.gotoamovie去看电影gotoseeafilm/moviegotothecinema2.wantsth.想要某物wanttodosth.想要做某事wanttobeateacher想成为一名老师wantsb.todosth.想让某人去做某事3.gotocomedies去看喜剧片4.myfavoriteactor我最喜爱的演员5.Whatkindofmoviesdoyoulike?你喜欢哪一种电影?akindof一种allkindsofmovies各种电影bekindtosb.对某人好6.stayathome呆在家里7.onweekdays在平时(星期一到星期五)8.onweekend在周末(六、日)onweekendsattheweekendattheweekends9.taketurnstodosth.轮流去做某事\n10.learnalotaboutChinesehistory学习很多关于中国历史11.amoviestar一位电影明星12.agreatactor一位伟大的演员13.tellsb.aboutsth.告诉某人关于某事14.infact事实上15.Whatdoyouthinkof…?Howdoyoulike…?你认为…怎么样?16.asuccessfulthriller一个成功的恐怖片17.actionmovies动作片18.documentaries记录片19.tragedies悲剧片20.Romances情感片21.cartoonmovies卡通片22.sciencemovies科幻片1.playtheguitar弹吉他2.playchess下棋3.wanttodosth.想要做某事4.Comeandjoinus.来加入我们吧5.jointheartclub参加美术俱乐部6.takepartin参加(活动)7.speakEnglish说英语8.begoodat擅长9.dowellin在…做得好10.begoodwithsb.和某人相处很好11.helpsb.withsth.帮助某人做某事Helpsb.todosth.12.needhelpforsth.在某事上需要帮助13.musicianswantedformusicfestival音乐会招收音乐人\n14.beinourschoolmusicfestival参加我们学校的音乐会15.rockband摇滚乐队16.Whatcanyoudo?你会干什么?17.showsb.sth./showsth.tosb.给某人看某物18.candoChinesekungfu会中国功夫19.learnaboutsth.学习关于某科目20.What’syoure-mailaddress?Mye-mailaddressis…我的email地址是…21.Hereisacard.Pleasefillitout/in.这是一张卡片,请填充22.joinusinthegame加入我们的游戏1.Whattimeisit?/What’sthetime?It’s+time.几点了?2.atsixo’clock在六点钟3.It’stimetodosth.到了…时间了It’stimeforsth.4.gotoschool去上学5.gettoschool到达学校6.gotowork去上班7.getup起床8.eatbreakfast吃早饭9.putonyourhat/ptyourhaton戴上帽子putiton/putthemon把它/他们穿上/戴上takeoff脱下10.take/haveashower洗淋浴11.inthemorning/intheafternoon/intheevening/atnoon/atnight在上午/下午/傍晚/在中午/在晚上12.doone’shomework做某人的作业13.practisedoingsth.练习做某事\n14.workverylonghours工作时间很长15.takethenumber17bus乘17路汽车Whichbusdoyoutaketoschool?16.allnight整夜allday整天17.listentotheteacher听老师讲课18.watchmorningTV看早间新闻19.gotobed去睡觉20.lovetodosth./lovedoingsth.=liketodosth./likedoingsth.喜欢做某事1.What’syourfavoritesubject?Whatsubjectisyourfavorite?Whatsubjectisyourfavorite?你最喜爱的科目是什么?2.playwithsb.和某人一起玩3.onWednesday在星期三4.hisfavoritesubject他最喜爱的科目5.mymother’sfavoritecolor我妈妈最喜爱的颜色6.scienceteacher科学老师7.TVshow/TVplay电视剧8.hisfather’sfavoritesport他爸爸最喜爱的运动9.afterclass/school下课以后/放学以后10.bestrictwithsb.对某人要求严格bestrictinsth.对某事要求严格11.havemath上数学课12.onThursday在星期四13.bereallybusy真的很忙bebusydoingsth.忙于做某事bebusywithsth.14.afterclass/school下课后/放学后beforelunch午饭以前\n15.havevolleyballfortwohours打两个小时排球16.anhour一个小时twohours两个小时halfanhour半个小时onehourandahalf一个半小时oneandahalfhours一个半小时17.beverytiredbuthappy很累但是很开心18.Chinesehistoryclub中国历史俱乐部19.It’sreallyinteresting.的确有趣20.asksb.问某人21.playwithmydog和我的狗玩22.runaroundwithme围着我跑23.runwithsb.和某人一起跑24.onSunday在某个星期天25.onSundays在每逢星期天初中英语代词情态动词总结及练习题情态动词专题:情态动词(一)情态动词的定义    情态动词表示说话人对某一动作或状态的态度。(二)情态动词的特点  1)有一定词义;2)不受主语人称和数的变化影响;3)与主要动词的原形(或称不带to的不定式)一起构成谓语(除ought\nto作固定词组看待)。(三)情态动词的分类和意义意义情态动词(四)情态动词的基本用法1.can(could)1)表示能力,could主要指过去时间。Twoeyescanseemorethanone.  两只眼比一只眼看得清。Couldthegirlreadbeforeshewenttoschool?  这女孩上学前能识字吗?2)表示可能(理论上或是逻辑判断上)。Thetemperaturecanfallto–60℃,thatis60℃belowfreezing.  气温可降至—60℃,也就是零下60℃。Hecan’t(couldn’t)haveenoughmoneyforanewcar.  他不可能有足够的钱买新车。Youmustn'tsmokewhileyou'rewalkingaroundinthewood.Youcouldstartafire.  在林子里走时勿吸烟,那样可能会引起火灾。3)表示允许。CanIhavealookatyournewpen?  \n我可以看一看你的新钢笔吗?Heaskedwhetherhecouldtakethebookoutofthereading-room.他问他可不可以把书带出阅览室。4)表惊异、怀疑、不相信等态度。主要用于否定句、疑问句或感叹句中。Wherecan(could)theyhavegoneto?  他们会去哪儿了呢?Hecan’t(couldn’t)beoversixty.  他不可能超过六十岁。Howcanyoubesocareless?  你怎么这么粗心?5)比较委婉客气地提出问题或陈述看法。Can(Could)youlendmeahand?  帮我一把好吗?I’mafraidwecouldn’tgiveyouananswertoday.  恐怕我们今天不能给你答复。2.may(might)1)表允许,might可以指过去时间,也可指现在时间,语气更委婉。Youmaytakewhateveryoulike.  你喜欢什么就拿什么。HetoldmethatImightsmokeintheroom.  他告诉我可以在房间里抽烟。May(Might)Iaskforaphotoofyourbaby?  我可以要一张你宝宝的照片吗?在回答以may引起的问句时,多避免用这个词,而用其它方式,如Yes,please./Certainly.\n/Pleasedon’t./You’dbetternot./No,youmustn’t.等,以免显得太严峻或不客气。2)表可能(事实上)。可以指过去时间,也可以指现在时间,但语气更加不肯定。Hemaybeathome.  他可能在家。Shemaynotknowaboutit.  她可能不知道这件事。Hewasafraidtheymightnotagreewithhim.  他担心他们可能不同意他的意见。Theymightbehavingameeting,butI’mnotsure.  他们有可能在开会,不过我不肯定。3.must1)表示义务。意为“必须”(主观意志)。Wemustdoeverythingstepbystep.  我们一切都必须循序渐进地做。Youmustn’ttalktoherlikethat.  你不可能那样对她说话。--Mustwehandinourexercise—booksnow?  我们现在就要交练习本吗?--No,youneedn’t./No,youdon’thaveto.  不必。(这种情况下,一般不用mustn’t)2)表示揣测。意为“想必、准是、一定”等,只用于肯定句。Hemustbeill.Helookssopale.  \n他准是病了。他的脸色苍白。She’swearingadiamondnecklace.Shemusthavealotofmoney.  她戴着钻石项链,一定很有钱。4.shall1)表征询意见,用于第一、第三人称疑问句。ShallIgetyousometea?  我给你点茶好吗?Shalltheboywaitoutside?  让那男孩在外面等吗?Whatshallwedothisevening?  我们今晚做什么?2)表说话人的意愿,有“命令、允诺、警告、决心”等意思,用于第二、第三人称陈述句。YoushalldoasIsay.  按我说的做。(命令)Youshallhavemyanswertomorrow.  你明天可以得到我的答复。(允诺)Heshallbesorryforitoneday,Itellyou.  有一天他会后悔的,我告诉你。(警告)Nothingshallstopusfromcarryingouttheplan.  什么也不能阻止我们执行这项计划。(决心)5.will1)表意愿,用于各种人称陈述句。Iwilldoanythingforyou.  我愿为你做任何事。Noneissoblindasthosewhowon’tsee.  不愿看的人眼最瞎。Ifyouwillreadthebook,I’lllenditto\nyou.  如果你愿意读这本书,我会把它借给你。2)表请求,用于疑问句。Willyouclosethewindow?It’sabitcold.  请你把窗户关上好吗?有点冷。Won’tyoudrinksomemorecoffee?  再来一点咖啡好吗?3)表示某种倾向或习惯性动作。Fishwilldieoutofwater.  鱼离开水就不能活。Thedoorwon’topen.  这门打不开。Theboywillsittherehourafterhourlookingatthetrafficgoby.  那男孩常常坐在那里好几个钟点,看着车辆行人通过。6.should1)表义务。意为“应该”(某件事宜于做),用于各种人称。Youshouldbepolitetoyourteachers.  你对老师应该有礼貌。Youshouldn’twasteanytime.  你不应该浪费时间。2)表推测,意为“想必一定、照说应该、估计”等。Thefilmshouldbeverygoodasitisstarringfirst-classactors.  这部新电影是一流演员主演的,估计拍得很好。Theyshouldbehomebynow.  \n照说他们现在应当已经到家了。7.would1)表意愿。Theywouldnotlethiminbecausehewaspoorlydressed.  他们不让他进去因为他衣着破旧。IsaidIwoulddoanythingforyou.  我说过我愿意为你做任何事。2)表委婉地提出请求、建议或看法。Wouldyoulikeanotherglassofbeer?  再来杯啤酒好吗?Wouldyoumindcleaningthewindow?  请把窗户擦一下好吗?Theywouldn’thaveanythingagainstit.  他们不会有什么反对意见。3)表过去反复发生的动作或过去的一种倾向。Everytimeshewasintrouble,shewouldgotohimforhelp.  她每遇到麻烦都会向她求助。他告诉我盒子打不开了。8.oughtto1)表义务,意为“应该”(因责任、义务等该做),口气比should稍重。Youarehisfather.Yououghttotakecareofhim.  你是他父亲,应当管他。Yououghtn’ttosmokesomuch.  \n你不应该抽这么多烟。2)表推测,暗含很大的可能,语气较弱。HanMeioughttoknowhistelephonenumber.  韩梅该知道他的电话号码。There’safinesunset;itoughttobeafinedaytomorrow.  今天有晚霞,明天应该是个好天。9.usedto表示过去的习惯动作或状态,现在不复发生或存在。疑问式和否定式有两种。Heusedtoliveinthecountryside,butnowhelivesinthecity.他过去住在乡下,现在住在城里。Thereusedtobeabuildingatthestreetcorner,butithasbeenpulleddown.  街道拐角处过去有座楼房,现在拆了。Iusedn’t(didn’tuse)tosmoke.  我过去不抽烟。Usedyou(Didyouuse)togotoschoolonfoot?  你过去常步行去学校吗?(一)need和dare的用法    need和dare既可用作情态动词,也可用作实义动词。用作情态动词时,主要用于否定句和疑问句。用作实义动词时,可用于各种句式。1.用作情态动词--NeedIcome?  --Yes,you\nmust.  --我需要来吗?  --需要。Youneedn’ttelephonehimnow.  你现在不必打电话给他。Idon’tthinkyouneedworry.  我想你不必发愁。Shedarenotgooutaloneatnight.  她晚上不敢一个人出去。HowdareyousayI’munfair?  你竟敢说我不公平?Notoneofthemdaredmentionthis.  他们谁也不敢提这件事。2.用作实义动词Youdon’tneedtodoityourself.  你不必亲自做这件事。Weneedtotellthemthenews.  我们需要把这消息告诉他们。Thetableneedspainting(tobepainted.).  桌子需要油漆一下。Weshoulddaretogiveourownopinion.  我们要敢于提出自己的观点。Hedidnotdare(to)lookup.  他不敢抬头看。Idaredayhe’llcomeagain.  我想他会再来的。(Idaresay…为固定习语)(二)情态动词后跟完成式和进行式的用法1.情态动词后跟完成式,表“应当已经……”,“想必已经……”,“本来可以……”等意。Ishouldhavefinishedtheworkearlier.  我应当早一点完成这项工作的。Heisn’there.Hemusthavemissedthetrain.  \n他还未到,一定是没赶上火车。Wherecan(could)hehavegone?  他能到那里去了呢?Youmay(might)havereadaboutit.  你可能在报上已经读到这件事了。Youcould(might)havebeenmorecareful.  你本来可以更细心的。Heneedn’thaveworriedaboutit.  他本不必为此事担心。Therewasalotoffunatyesterday'sparty.Yououghttohavecome,butwhydidn'tyou?  昨天的聚会非常有意思。你本应该来,为何不来呢?2.情态动词后跟进行式,表示“想必正在……”,“可能正在……”,“应当正在”等意。It’stwelveo’clock.Theymustbehavinglunch.  现在是十二点。他们一定正在吃饭。Theymaybediscussingthisproblem.  他们可能正在论讨这个问题。Hecan’tbetellingthetruth.  他说的不可能是真话。Sheshouldn’tbeworkinglikethat.She’sstillsoweak.  她不应当那样干,她身体仍那么虚。(三)几组词的辨异1.can和beable\nto1)情态动词can只有两种时态形式,现在式can和过去式could,而beableto有多种时态形式。Marycanplaythepiano.Shehasbeenabletoplayitsinceshewas5.玛丽会弹钢琴。她五岁起就会弹了。2)用在过去时中,could经常表示能够做某事,事实上不一定去做,而was∕wereableto则表示“过去做成了某事”。在否定句中两者可通用。HecouldmacrosstheEnglishChannel.Buthedidn'tfeellikeitthatday.他能游过英吉利海峡,但那天他不想游。YesterdayIwasabletogethomebeforetheheavyrain.  昨天我在下大雨前赶到了家里。2.must和havetomust表示主观意志,而haveto表示由于客观因素不得不做某事。must没有过去式,除在间接引语中可用于表示过去时间,在直接引语中表示过去时间应该用hadto代替。Itoldherthatshemustgiveupsmoking.  我叫她必须戒烟。Wehadtogeteverythingreadythatnight.  我们那晚得把一切准备就绪。3.would和usedto1)used\nto表示过去与现在或过去某时与后来的情况有不同,而would只表过去的情况。Peopleusedtothinkthattheearthwasflat.过去人们认为地球是平的。(现在人们不这么认为。)Shewouldgooutforawalkinthemorningwhenshewasinthecountry.在乡下时,她总是在早晨去散会儿步。(可能现在仍有散步的习惯。)2)usedto可表示过去的习惯动作和经常的情况,而would只表示过去的习惯动作。Heusedto∕wouldsmokewhilewriting.  过去他写东西时常抽烟。Sheusedtobefat.  她过去很胖。1.I__________you,becauseIthoughtImustbewrong.  A.darenotask  B.darenottoask  C.darenotasking  D.daretonotask2.There__________someflowersinthegarden.  A.wereusedtobe  B.usedtobe  C.usestobe  D.usedtobehaving3."__________Itakeitout?"  "I'msorry,you__________."  A.Could...couldn't  B.Might...mightnot    C.Could...can  D.May...can't4.Youwerestupidtoclimbthetree.You__________hurt\nyourself.  A.may  B.might  C.will  D.mighthave5.You__________thoseletters.Whydidn'tyou?  A.shouldpost  B.shouldhaveposted  C.musthaveposted  D.oughttopost.6.Allthelightsareon,theSmiths__________up.  A.mustget  B.isgetting  C.mustbegetting  D.wouldget7.He__________leadahorsetothewaterbuthe__________notmakeitdrink.  A.will...can  B.may...can  C.may...dares  D.dare...can8."Needwedothisjobnow?"    "Yes,__________."  A.youneed  B.youshould  C.youmust  D.youcan9.__________tohavelunchwithustoday?  A.Doyoulikes  B.Wouldyoulike  C.Willyouliked  D.Haveyouliked10.Hesaidthatyou__________watchTValltheeveningifyouwished.  A.may  B.must  C.can  D.might11.-IsJohncomingbytrain?    --Heshould,buthe__________not.Helikesdrivinghiscar.  A.must  B.can  C.need  D.may12.Peter__________comewithustonight,butheisn'tvery\nsureyet.  A.must  B.can  C.may  D.will13.Michael__________beapoliceman,forhe'smuchtooshort.  A.needn't    B.can't  C.shouldn't  D.won't14.Ithoughtyou__________behungry,soIhavebroughtyousomecakes.  A.may  B.might  C.can  D.could15.Iwonderhowhe__________thattotheteacher.  A.daretosay  B.daresaying  C.notdaresay  D.daredsay16.Comeon!We__________hurrybecausethereisn'tmuchtimeleft.  A.may  B.must  C.can  D.need17.AmydidbestintheEnglishtest.She__________hardlastweek.  A.musthaveworking  B.shouldhaveworked  C.shouldwork  D.mustwork18.Thefirespreadthroughthehotelveryquicklybuteveryone  __________getout.  A.hadto  B.would  C.could  D.wasableto19.---IstayedatahotelwhileinNewYork.      ---Oh,did\nyou?You  __________withBarbara.  A.couldhavestayed  B.couldstay  C.wouldstay  D.musthavestayed20.It'snearlyseveno'clock.Jack  __________behereatanymoment.  A.must  B.need  C.should  D.can答案:1.A2.B3.D4.D5.B6.C7.B8.C9.B10.D11.D12.C13.B14.B15.D16.B17.A18.D19.A20.C1.Theboyishappybecausehe___________(sell)outallthenewspapers.2.Theplan_____________(give)upbecauseofrain.3.Ifit__________(notrain)tomorrow,we____________(go)fishing.4.Where____________you____________(be)thesedays?5.WhereisTom?He_________(go)tothepostoffice.Hesaidhe_________(come)backsoon.\n6.Mikesayshe_________(want)tobeaworkerafterhe_________(finish)school.7.Thelastbus____________just________(leave)whenthey________(get)tothebusstop.8.She_________(notgo)tobeduntilshe_______(finish)herwork.9.Light___________(travel)muchfasterthansound.10.I__________(feel)muchbetterafterI_______(take)themedicine.11.”Where________we________(meet)?”“Let’smeetoutsidetheparkgate.”12.I_________(be)afraidMrJohnson__________(notvisit)outschooltomorrow.13.I_________(lost)mybike._________you_________(see)itanywhere?14.________thiskindofcar__________(produce)inShanghai?15.We__________(see)severalmembersofthefamilysincewe________(arrive)\n16.Ifoundthatthestudents_________(play)footballontheplayground.17.Theshop___________(close)atthistimeofday.18.Where________yourwatch_________(lose)?19.________thedoctor__________(send)forlastnight?20.Threechildren___________(take)goodcarebythenurse.21.Somechildren___________(take)goodcarebythenurse.22.Somenewhouses_________(build)bythevillagersthemselves.23.Whatlanguage________(speak)inAustralia?24.ThecolourTV_________(buy)inthatshopthreedaysago.25.Hesaidhe__________(stay)hereforanothertwodays.26.ThedoctorsaidJimmust________(operate)onatonce.\n27.“__________thebridge_______(repair)yet?”“Yes,theworkers_______already______(repair)it.”28.WeareinGradeOnethisyear,sowe_________(teach)  physicsnextyear.29.“Where_________(be)youlastnight?”“I_________(ask)tohelpTomathome”30.Thebigtree________(blow)downinthestormlastnight.31.I________never________(eat)suchdeliciousnoodlesbefore.32.Whenwereachedthetown,it_______(get)dark.33.We________(have)lunchwhensuddenlysomeoneknockedatthedoor.34.Lucysaidshe________(visit)theschoolthenextmonth.35.I________(wait)untilhecomesback.36.You________(watch)TVaftersupper,aren’tyou?37.They_________(be)tothatsmallvillageseveraltimes.\n39.Canyoutellmeifit_________(snow)tomorrow?40.Couldyoutellmeifyou_________(read)thestorybook?41.Hesaidthelightsintheroom_________(go)outwhenhe  openedthedoor.42.I_________(be)fifteensoon.43.Tom,youraunt_______(come)thisafternoon.44.Myteacheroften_________(tell)usnottoplayonthestreet.45.They________(plant)treesonthehill.Doyousee?46.Theteachersaidthattheearth________(move)roundthesun.47.Shesaidshe_______(put)onanewcoatthenextday.48.TheGreatWall_________(know)allovertheworld.49.CouldyoutellmewhereAlice________(live)?50.________thefilm______(show)manytimessincelastSunday.\n51.________thestreetlightsusually_______(turn)onatseveninsummerevening?52.I_______(notgo)tothecinemabecauseI________(see)thefilmbefore.53.It________(get)dark.Whatabout________(go)homeatonce?54.You________(be)lateifyou__________(nothurry).55.Useyourheadandyou_________(find)abetterway.56.Look!Someone________(lie)onthefloor.57.It__________(rain)hardernow.It________(rain)quiteofteninsummer.58.Here_______(come)thebus.59.Idon’tknowwhenthemanager________(return),butwhenbe_________(come)backI_________(let)youknow.60.“Where________(be)youthistimeyesterday?”“I________(be)athome.I_______(go)overmylessonsthen.”\nKEY:1.hassold  2.willbegivenup/hasbeengivenup  3.doesn’train,willgo4.have,been5.hasgone,wouldcome   6.wants,finishes   7.had,left,got  8.won’tgo,finishes9.travels   10.felt,hadtaken   11.shall/will,meet  12.am,won’tvisit13.havelost,Haveseen   14.is,produced   15.Haveseen,arrived  16.wereplaying17.isclosed   18.was,lost/has,beenlost   19.was,beensent   20.wastaken21.aretaken   22.havebeenbuilt   23.isspoken    24.wasbought25.wouldstay    26.beoperated  27.has,beenrepaired,haverepaired\n28.willbetaught   29.were,was,   30.wasblewn   31.have,eaten32.got/hadgot   33.werehaving   34.wouldvisit   35.willwait36.arewatching   37.havebeen   38.snows   39.hadstudied40.haveread41.hadbeengone  42.willbe/am  43.willcome   44.tells45.areplanting   46.moves  47.wouldput  48.isknown49.lives50.has,beenshowed  51.are,turned   52.won’tgo,haveseen53.gets,going    54.willbe,don’thurry   55.willfind   \n56.islying57.israining/rains,rains   58.comes  59.willreturn,comes,willlet60.were,was,wasgoing

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