初中英语语法点 70页

中考一轮复习目录第1讲数词、名词…………………………………………………………2第2讲介词、冠词…………………………………………………………11第3讲代词…………………………………………………………………19第4讲形容词、副词………………………………………………………27第5讲动词的时态…………………………………………………………33第6讲动词的语态…………………………………………………………42第7讲非谓语动词…………………………………………………………47第8讲情态动词……………………………………………………………54第9讲复合句的辨别和综合运用…………………………………………59第10讲情景交际……………………………………………………………64让孩子成为人生道路的冠军！1\nChapterOne数词与名词基本概念（数词）一．基数词含义：描述事物数量多少的词1.一位数、两位数的表达法1-12：one,two,three,four,five,six,seven,eight,nine,ten,eleven,twelve13-19：thirteen,fourteen,fifteen,sixteen,seventeen,eighteen,nineteen整十位数：twenty,thirty,forty,fifty,sixty,seventy,eighty,ninety其他数：整十位数+个位数，中间可有连词符。如：thirty-five2.三位数的表达法205：twohundredandfive944：ninehundredandforty-four3.四位数的表达法5,555：fivethousand,fivehundredandfifty-five6,009：sixthousandandnine4.其他100,100,001：onehundredmillion,onehundredthousandandone二．序数词1.第一到第三：first,second,third2.第四到第十九：在对应基数词之后加th，特殊的有fifth,eighth,ninth,twelfth3.整十位数的序数词：把对应基数词去y加ieth，如：twentieth,fortieth,ninetieth4.其他数的序数词：个位数用对应序数词，其他数位不变，如：ninety-ninth考点覆盖（数词）一．基数词1.考查百、千、百万的表达法(1)(the)threehundredpeople（这）三百个人其中，不管hundred前面的是基数词还是类似many，several，afew这样的表示虚数的词，hundred永远用单数(2)hundredsofpeople成百上千的人表示该含义时，hundred前不能加别的词，且hundred本身用复数，后面的复数名词前需要加of，of后没有the(3)threehundredofthepeople这些人中的三百人表示该含义时，hundred本身仍然用单数，但hundred和名词之间需要加ofthe2.年龄表达法2\n中考一轮复习(1)Heisaneleven-year-oldboy.Heiselevenyearsold.(2)“在某人几十岁时”的表达法：inone's+整十数基数词的复数在某人四十多岁时：inone'sforties在某人三十五六岁时：inone'smidthirties在某人二十一二岁时：inone'searlytwenties在某人五十八九岁时：inone'slatefifties3.基数词作人称代词的同位语Wethreearegoodfriends.Theteachertookusfourtothecinema.4.年代的表达法in2001在2001年inthe1980s在20世纪80年代5.次数、倍数的表达(1)一次/一倍：once两次/两倍：twice其他：three/four/five...times(2)对次数的提问：Howmanytimes...?对频率的提问：Howoften...?(3)倍数与比较①A+动词+倍数+the+n.ofBShanghaiisfivetimesthesizeofChangzhou.MikerunsattwicethespeedofTom.②A+动词+倍数-1+比较级+thanBOurclassroomistwicebiggerthantheirs.Thevaselookstwicemorebeautifulthanthatone.③A+动词+倍数+as+原级+asBThelandscapeinthisareaisasbeautifulasthatinThailand.Therabbitrunsthreetimesfasterthanthedog.二．序数词1.序数词的拼写问题第9、19、90、99：theninth/nineteenth/ninetieth/ninety-ninth第12：thetwelfth第14、40：thefourteenth/fortieth第20：thetwentieth2.序数词前的冠词问题(1)序数词前通常需要加the，表示顺序概念Thethirdstudentismybrother.第三个学生是我弟弟。(2)序数词前加不定冠词a/an，表示“再、另外”的概念让孩子成为人生道路的冠军！3\nWouldyoulikeasecondcupofcoffee?=Wouldyoulikeanothercupofcoffee?3.被序数词修饰的名词的定语形式(1)后置定语通常用动词不定式的形式thefirststudenttoarrive第一个到达的学生(2)定语从句的关系代词只能用that，且从句中通常用完成时HeisthefirstkindmanthatIhavemetinthecity.ItisthefirsttimethatIhavebeentotheGreatWall.4.序数词常与最高级连用Thisisthesecondlongestriverintheworld.ThesizeofthesquareisthethirdbiggestinChina.5.序数词和基数词同时做定语时的顺序问题thefirstthreestudentstocome先来的三个学生thethreefirstprizes三个一等奖thefirstthreeprizes前三个奖项6.固定词组中的序数词和基数词的使用UnitTwo=thesecondunitPage53=thefifty-thirdpage7.分数表达法(1)口诀：分子基数词，分母序数词，分子大于1，分母加s五分之一：one-fifth七分之二：two-sevenths四分之三：three-fourths/threequarters二分之一：a/onehalf百分之三十：thirtypercent(2)分数后可接不可数名词或可数名词复数，谓语动词的形式由名词决定Seventy-onepercentoftheearthiscoveredwithwater.One-thirdoftheappleshavebeeneaten.自我检测（数词）一．单项选择()1.--Howmanypeoplecametowatchtheconcertheldinthetownhalllastweek?--_____cametowatchit.A.SeveralthousandsofpeopleB.AfewthousandpeopleC.SomethousandspeopleD.Manythousandofpeople()2.Ithinkitisthefirsttimethathe_____tothetopofthemountain.A.climbedB.toclimbC.hasclimbedD.hadclimbed()3._____ofthedeer_____eatinggrassatthefootofthehill.A.three-fourths,isB.three-forths,areC.three-fourths,areD.three-forths,is()4.Thelongestriverinmycountryis_____,accordingtothestatisticsfromtheauthority,thanthe_____one.4\n中考一轮复习A.threetimesaslong,twolongestB.threetimesaslong,secondlongestC.threetimeslonger,twolongestD.threetimeslonger,secondlongest()5.The_____ofdrinkablewateravailableontheearthisnomorethan3_____.A.percent,percentageB.percentage,percentC.percentage,percentageD.percent,percent()6.Wehave_____prizesthistimebecausetheyhavegotthesamescore.A.threefirstB.firstthreeC.thefirstthreeD.threethefirst()7.Doyouknowthesecondinvention_____shockedtheworldinhistory?A.whichB.whoC.thatD.when()8.Discoenjoyedgreatpopularityincitiesin_____.A.1980sB.1980’sC.the1980sD.the1980()9._____kiwifruithavegonebad.Wecan’tsellthemtothecustomers.A.ThreehundredsB.ThreehundredsoftheC.ThethreehundredD.Threehundredof()10.--IthoughtovertheMathproblemforhalfanhouryesterdaybutIjustcouldn’tworkitout.--Whynottry_____timenow?A.thesecondB.secondC.asecondD.aseconds二．填空1.Tomorrowwillbethe________(99)birthdayofmygrandmother.2.Theproportionofthegirlstotheboysinthismiddleschoolisestimatedas________.(2/5)3.Iwasluckytobechosenasthefirststudent________(give)suchanhonorableaward.4.Sixoutoftenstudents________(receive)theirpilot’slicensessofar.5.Doyouknowwhothe________(3)tallestmanintheworldis?6.Herhusbandhascelebratedallthe________(12)birthdaysofherssincetheygotmarried.7.Intwodays,theprettygirlwillhaveher________(19)birthday.8.Boysandgirls,pleaseturntoPage________(49).三．改写句子1.Sheistwiceolderthanmysister.Sheis________________________________________mysister.2.Theruleristhreetimesaslongasmyruler.Theruleris________________________________.3.TomistwiceheavierthanLinda.Tomis________________________________ofLinda’s.四．翻译句子1.这个苹果的三分之二已经坏掉了。_________________________________________________________.让孩子成为人生道路的冠军！5\n2.虽然他已经答错两次，但我想再给他一次机会来回答这个问题。_________________________________________________________.3.--你多久去一次图书馆？--两周一次。_________________________________________________________.4.他在四十五六岁的时候放弃了自己的梦想。_________________________________________________________.5.如：果你在课堂上问一个问题，他会是第一个举手的。_________________________________________________________.基本概念（名词）一.名词表示人和事物的名称的实词。1.理解名词的种类（可数和不可数）和作用（主语、宾语、补语）等。2.正确分辨和使用可数名词和不可数名词；掌握可数名词复数的变化和用法。3.正确掌握和运用名词所有格。4.掌握名词在句中的作用。二.名词的分类名词按其所表示的事物的性质分为可数名词与不可数名词。具体情况见下表。类别意义例词专有名词表示人、地方、事物、机构、组织等名称的词Lucy,theGreens普可数个体名词表示个体的人或事物的词teacher,chair,dog通名词集体名词表示一群人或一些事物的词police,class名不可数物质名词表示构成各种物体的物质或材料的词rice,paper,wool词名词抽象名词表示状态、品质、行为、感情等抽象概念的词danger,health,progress考点覆盖（名词）一．可数名词复数构成1.在名词后直接加s如：desk-desks,Roman-Romans,German-Germans,breath-breaths2.以辅音字母+y结尾的，去y加ies如：library-libraries,factory-factories,dictionary-dictionaries若以元音字母+y结尾，直接加s如：turkey-turkeys，toy-toys3.以f或fe结尾的单词，去f或fe，加ves如：life-lives,shelf-shelves,leaf-leaves4.以o结尾的单词6\n中考一轮复习有生命的加es，如：tomatoes，potatoes，heroes无生命的加s，如：studios，photos以oo结尾的加s，如：bamboos，zoos5.以-sh，-x，-ch，-s结尾的单词，加es如：brush-brushes,bus-buses,watch-watches,fox-foxes特殊的stomach-stomachs6.不规则变化如：man-men,foot-feet,child-children,tooth-teeth,roof-roofs,mouse-mice7.复合名词的复数形式如：armchair-armchairs,housewife-housewives,girlfriend-girlfriends8.名词修饰名词的情况前一个名词用单数，如：appletrees特殊的mendoctors,awomanteacher,womenteachers9.单复同形（谓语动词的单复数根据情况而定）sheep,deer,spacecraft等10.集体名词表示一类事物的有：clothing,furniture,jewelry等，相当于不可数名词来使用表示一群事物的有：people，police等，出现时总是看做复数，不需要再加s需要判断的集体名词：family,class,group等，以family为例，表示家庭时为单（家庭的复数是families），表示家人时是复数，如：Thefamilyisabigone.ThefamilyarewatchingTVnow.二．名词所有格（表示所属关系）1.有生命的所有格+'s或s'如：Mary'sbook,students'parents,thethreewomen'sclothes2.时间、城市、国家、地点的所有格+'s或s'twoday'sholiday=thetwo-dayholidayChina'spopulation=thepopulationofChina3.无生命的名词所有格用of形式thecontentofthetextbook,thelegsofthetable4.有时名词后加's或s'表示商店、住宅、医院、学校、办公室等如：atthedoctor's,atTom's，attheteachers'5.双重所有格afriendofmyfather's,thepictureofmine6.共用所有格MikeandTom'sfather指他们两个人共同的父亲，谓语用三单Mike'sandTom'sfathers指他们两个人各自的父亲，谓语用复数三．不可数名词让孩子成为人生道路的冠军！7\n1.不可数名词不需要冠词2.不可数名词一般不加s3.不可数名词与量词连用时，谓语形式由量词决定Thetwobottlesofmilkhavegonebad.4.不可数名词前有allkindsof等词来修饰时，有时可以加sallkindsofchalks各种各样的粉笔5.有些不可数名词+s后词义改变woods森林ashes骨灰waters水域6.有些不可数名词表示抽象概念时正常使用，表示具体概念时要加asuccess成功a(big)success一件成功的事/一个成功的人time时间agoodtime一段愉快的时光pleasure愉快a(great)pleasure一件愉快的事waste浪费awaste一件浪费的事情还有一些不可数名词表示抽象和具体概念时都不能加a，如：weather，fun，progress通常结合感叹句考察Whatgreatfunitistoplaywithmydog!Whatagreatpleasureitistoplaywithmydog!陷阱题：Whatabadweatherreporthehosted!WhatafunbookIhaveread!一．单项选择()1.Fivethousanddollars_____alotofmoney.A.areB.isC.wereD.be()2.Paper-makingis_____ofancientChina.A.oneofgreatestinventorB.oneofthegreatestinventorsC.oneofgreatestinventionsD.oneofthegreatestinventions()3._____theteachersintheirschoolisabout200andonefourthofthemare_____teachers.A.Anumberof;womenB.Anumberof;womanC.Thenumberof;womenD.Thenumberof;woman()4.--Goodnews.Wewillhavea_____holiday.--I'veheardofit.Butit'scomingin_____.A.threedays;threedays'timeB.threedays';threedays'C.three-day;threedaysD.threedays;three-daytime()5.What_____itwasyesterday!A.badweatherB.abadweatherC.anbadweatherD.thebadweather()6.Fiveyearshadpassed.Ifoundmyparentshad_____.8\n中考一轮复习A.muchwhitehairB.somewhitehairC.alittlewhitehairD.afewwhitehairs()7.Studentsshouldn'tbealwaysbusydoingtheir_____intheclassroom.Theyshoulddomore_____ontheplayground.A.exercise;exerciseB.exercise;exercisesC.exercises;exerciseD.exercises;exercises()8._____areallpaintedredinEngland.A.LetterboxB.LetterboxesC.LettersboxD.Letterboxes()9.Some_____and_____weretalkinginarestaurant.A.Frenchman;GermanB.Englishmen;GermenC.Frenchmen;GermansD.Englishman;Germans()10.WhenIwasyoung,Ilikedlisteningto_____andhaving_____.A.radio;potatoB.radios;potatosC.radios;potatoesD.radioes;potatoes()11.Themansittinginthecaris_____.A.LucyandLily'sfatherB.Lucy'sandLily'sfathersC.Lucy'sandLily'sfatherD.LucyandLily'sfathers()12.--I'mgoingtothesupermarket.Letmegetyousomefruit.--OK.Thanksforyour_____.A.offerB.suggestionC.generosityD.order()13.MissSmithisafriendof_____.A.Marymother'sB.Mary'smotherC.Mary'smother'sD.Marymother()14.Itishonorableofhimtowin_____fromtheartcommunity.A.suchhighpraiseB.sohighpraiseC.suchahighpraiseD.sohighapraise()15.Whatauseful_____hehasleftus.Ithinkwecansolvethemysterywithit.A.informationB.newsC.messageD.dialogue二．用所给单词的适当形式填空1.Whenhesawtheboywasindanger,Edisonrushedoutandcarriedhimto________(safe).2.Myunclekeepssome________(sheep)onhisfarm.3.Petswillbringpeoplealotof________(please).4.Wecanfindafew________(different)betweenthetwopictures.5.Thetreeisabouttenmetersin________(high).6.It’sonlyten________(minute)walkfromthestationtothehotel.7.Herecomethe________(win)ofthematch.Let’sgivethemawarmwelcome.8.Sometimesitrequirescouragetotellthe________(true).9.Tocurethecaseof________(blind),thedoctorsdidasmuchastheycould.10.ShegavetheworditsAmericanEnglish________(pronounce).三.根据句意和汉语提示，完成单词拼写1.Bothofthemare________(先锋)surgeonsinthemedicalfield.2.The________(建议)hehasgivenwereknowntomostofthepeopleinthepast.让孩子成为人生道路的冠军！9\n3.SunLihasbecomeoneofthemostfamous________(演员)inChinabecauseofLegendofZhenHuan.4.Theteamismadeupofthree________(德国人)andtwo________(日本人).5.Ican’tunderstandtheir________(沉默)onsuchanimportantmatter.6.________(叶子)turngreeninspring.7.Youradviceisofalotof________(价值)tome.8.Making________(选择)isreallyimportantinyourlifetime.9.Theactors’________(成功)camefromtheirhardwork.10.Noteverystudenthasenough________(勇气)totellthetruth.10\n中考一轮复习ChapterTwo介词和冠词一．含义介词是一种用来表示词与词，词与句之间的关系的词。在句中不能单独作句子成分。介词后面一般有名词代词或相当于名词的其他此类，短语或从句作它的宾语。二．分类简单介词：in,about,against合成介词：within,into,onto分词介词：including,concerning双介词：frombehindHesuddenlycamefrombehindthedoor.他突然从门后出来。短语介词：becauseof,inspiteof,togetherwith,asaresultof辨析：介词短语&短语介词intheroom介词短语dueto短语介词一．介词搭配1.与动词搭配：arrivein/at,thinkof/about,listento,preparefor,hearfrom2.与名词搭配：showinterestin,thestoryabout3.与形容词搭配：beinterestedin,bebusywith/in,becuriousaboutThisisthebookthatIaminterestedin.Thetaskistoodifficultforthemtocarryon.Heisagoodmantoworkwith.二．介词短语的作用1.作后置定语：Thepaintingsonthewallareveryexpensive.2.作状语：Hecameherebybike.3.作表语：Thefilmwillbeofgreatvaluetoyouinyourlife.三．常考介词1.表时间的介词(1)早晨，下午，晚上前用in；黎明，午夜，几点几分前用atintheafternoonatdawnat9o'clock(2)年月，季节，阳光，衣服，帽子，颜色前用in(3)in+一段时间表将来，in+过去的年份表过去让孩子成为人生道路的冠军！11\nTheywillstudyabroadinafewmonths.Theywentabroadin1981.2.表示使用工具的介词bewoundedwithaknifegotoschoolbybus=gotoschoolonthe/abusgotoschoolbycar=gotoschoolinthe/acarwriteinink3.心情、精神方面前用ininagood/badmood;inhigh/lowspirits;insomeways4.收音机、电视、网络等与电有关的，值日、农场，日子（节日），具体的早晨、下午、晚上前用ononTVontheInternetonSaturdaymorningonacoldnight5.年月日、时间、季节前有this,that,tomorrow,yesterday,last,next,one等词时，介词省略Hedidsomehouseworkthismorning.6.above/below,over/under(1)两组词都可以加数字，表示在…年龄、温度以上/以下，对应使用thechildrenover8andtheteenagersunder14thetemperatureabove0℃andbelow15℃(2)over/under表示正上下，above/below表示宽泛的上下TheMr.Smithslivethreefloorsaboveme.(3)under的特殊用法underthecontrolofsb在某人的控制下underwaytodo某事正在进行中7.表示东南西北的介词区分(1)当A包含B时，用inJiangsuisinthesouthofChina.(2)当B在A之外且与B接壤时，用onWuxiisonthesouthofChangzhou.(3)当B在A之外且与B不接壤时，用toBeijingistothenorthofNanjing.8.表示“穿过”的几个介词(1)across：表示平面上的穿过acrossthebridge(2)over：表示跃过jumpoverthechair(3)through：表示从四周封闭中间可通过的空间穿过，或从一头到另一头walkthroughthetunneljumpthroughthewindowreadthroughthepassage(4)past：表示经过walkpastthebookshop=passthebookshop9.表示“远离”的介词awayfrom=offThesignkeepsusawayfromthedangerouslivingwire.12\n中考一轮复习=Thesignkeepsusoffthedangerouslivingwire.10.for的几个常见意义(1)支持beforsb.反义词beagainstsb.(2)为了prepareforsth.bereadyforsth.(3)对于Itiseasyformetosolvetheproblem.Itispoliteofhimtoapologizetome.(4)给singasongforsb.makeacardforsb.buyclothesforsb.(5)因为Whatfor?Hecan'twalkalone,forheisblind.11.against的几个常见意义(1)违反goagainstthelaw(2)对抗，反对havesomethingagainstsb.beagainstsb./sth./doingsth.(3)紧靠，贴着theladderleaningagainstthewall(4)逆着、迎着sailagainstthestrongwind12.beyond的常见句型(1)Itisbeyonddoubtthat...(2)Theappleonthetreeisbeyondmyreach.(3)Myhappinesswasbeyondwords.13.except与besides的区分(1)两者都可以作为介词+宾语，但只有besides可以作为副词单独使用(2)except表示除…以外，besides表示包括…在内14.to作为不定式符号和介词的区分(1)to作为动词不定式的符号时，后面只能+动词原形或+not+动词原形；to作为介词时，和其他介词一样使用。wanttodrinksomewatercan'twaittoplaybasketball(2)记忆to作介词的词组：lookforwardto期待某事payattentionto注意某事add...to为…增加…theguideto…的指南compare..to比喻成…；与…比较devote...to奉献于…leadto通往…；导致…listento听…thanksto多亏了…preferAtoB比起B来更喜欢Abe/getusedto习惯于…15.区别“动词+介词”和“动词+副词”的短语让孩子成为人生道路的冠军！13\n(1)“动词+介词”的宾语只可接在介词后lookaftergoover(2)“动词+副词”当宾语为名词时可放在副词前或后，当宾语为代词时只可放在动词和副词中间putontakeoffturnonpickupthinkover.一．单项选择()1.Pleasecallthehotline_____12345forhelpifyouhaveanyproblem.A.underB.atC.onD.in()2.It'sveryfriendly_____himtohelpmewhenI'mintrouble.A.forB.toC.ofD.with()3.Booksaremade_____paperwhilepaperismainlymade_____wood.A.of;ofB.from;fromC.of;fromD.from;of()4.--CanIjoinOxfamTrailwalker?--Onlyifyouare_____eighteen.A.overB.upC.underD.below()5.HundredsofstudentscametoShaoxingtowork_____theWorldChoirGamesin2010.A.atB.withC.forD.on()6.--Canaplanefly_____theAtlanticOcean?--Yes,butitneedstogo_____thecloudsforhours.A.across;throughB.through;acrossC.across;acrossD.through;through()7.Lastnighthehadabedtosleep_____,butIhadonlyachairtosit_____.A.in;onB./;/C.on;inD.in;to()8.--Itissaidthatanewzoowillbebuiltinourtown.--I'm_____it.Zoosareterribleforanimals.A.throughB.besidesC.againstD.except()9.Mr.Yang'sdaughterismuchbetter_____drawingpicturesandhaswonmanyprizes.A.withB.forC.inD.at()10.--We'llhaveahikingtrip,butwhenshallwemeet?--Let'smakeit_____halfpasteight_____themorningofJune21.A.at;inB./;onC./;inD.about;by()11.--Canyoutellmethedifferences_____thethreewords?--Sorry,Idon'tknow.A.amongB.betweenC.withD.about()12._____lastterm,wehadlearntabout1,000Englishwords.A.IntheendofB.IntheendC.AttheendD.Bytheendof二．填空（根据句子意思，用恰当的介词/选择恰当的介词填空）1.I’llbeback________halfanhour.14\n中考一轮复习2.Theaccidenthappened________acoldwinternight.3.Theradiosaysthatthetemperaturewillfall________zerotomorrow.4.Ihavebeeninterestedinmakingmodelplanes________theageofeight.5.Wewouldn’thavecompletedthetaskontime________yoursupport.6.Theoldmansat________thetalltree,keepingaway________thesunshine.7.Whadlearnedoveronethousandwords________theendoflastterm.8.I’mlookingforward________hearing________mypenpal.9.Anewrailwaywillbebuilt________(between;among)thetwocities.10.Englishisused________thesecondlanguage________manypeopleinmanycountries.(as;for;by)11.It’sselfish________(for;of)Eddietoeatthewholecake.12.It’satoughhiketowalk________(across;through;past)thedesertwithin3days.13.Ilikethewhiteonebest________(in;of)alltheT-shirtsonsale.14.TomcomesformEngland,buthecanspeakFrenchandChinese________(except;besides;beside)English.15.________(In;After)afewyears’time,themountainswillbecoveredwithtrees.16.Myfatherusuallygoestowork________acar.Buthewent________bustoday,becausehehadthecarrepaired.(in;on;by)17.Isawyourname________today'snewspaper.18.________thehelpofmyteacher,I'mabletospeakEnglishverywell.19.Ihaven'theard________mybrother________alongtime.20.Therewasnohospitalinthistown________thattime.21.Don'tread________thesun.It'sbad________youreyes.22.It'safineday________awalk.23.Ispentallthemoney________thebeautifulclothes.24.________thefootofthehill,wehadapartyandplayedgames.三．翻译句子1.他们正在讨论该向谁求助吗？_____________________________________________________?2.那个男孩在那时候经过书店是不可能的。________________theboy__________________________________.3.让我一个人待着，以便我能想出一个更好的主意。______________________________________________agoodidea.4.我希望将来当一名像她一样的老师。Ihope_______________________________________________________.5.别忘了毕业后与你的同学保持联系。Don’tforget________________________yourclassmates____________________.让孩子成为人生道路的冠军！15\n一．含义冠词是一种虚词，在句子中不重读，本身不能独立使用，只能放在名词前帮助说明名词所指的人或事物，它是英语词性中最小的一类，只有三个，一种是不定冠词a，an，一种是定冠词the。此外也有些特定场合不用冠词，即通常所称的零冠词。二．分类1.定冠词：the2.不定冠词a/an：a用在非元音音素前，an用在元音音素前(注意看“音素”)。ausualdayaEuropeancountryaUFOanhonestboyanhouranunusualdayanMP3an11-year-oldboy1.不定冠词(1)表示某一类Ahorserunsfasterthanadog.(2)表示某人或某物，通常该人/物不在说话地点Astudentinclasseightrunsveryfast.(3)表数量“一”Apandahasamouth,anoseandfourpaws.(4)不可数名词前加不定冠词，表示一场、一种等概念aheavysnowabigsuccessastrongwindmakeafiremakeabignoisehaveapleasant/badtimeagreatwaste/pleasure(5)固定词组中alotofanumberofafewalittle(6)a+序数词+名词，表示又一，再一Wouldyoulikeasecondcupofcoffee?(7)a+形容词比较级Howinterestingthebookis!Ihaveneverreadabetteronebefore.(8)a+形容词最高级FujiMountisamostpopulartouristattractioninJapan.2.定冠词(1)上文提到的某人某物，表特指①--Didyouseeabookintheroom?ThebookisaboutEnglish.--Isthatablueone?②--Whoisyourbrotherofthetwoboys?--Thetallerone.(2)世上独一无二的物体前thesun,themoon,theearth(3)用在序数词，方位名词，very,形容词原级/最高级前16\n中考一轮复习(4)the+形容词，表示一类人，做主语看做复数Theelderlyaretakengoodcareofnowadays.(5)乐器前用定冠词theplaytheviolin/guitar/piano(6)定冠词the+姓氏s，表示一家人，谓语用复数TheSmithsaregoingtoleavethecitythisweekend.(7)专有名词theGreatWall,theUK(8)习惯用语①The+比较级，the+比较级句型Themoreyouread,thewiseryouwillbe.②in+the+年代inthe1990s3.零冠词的情况(1)以day结尾的节日、季节、月份、学科、球类、房间、三餐，by+交通工具NationalDayiscomingsoon.HelivesinRoom309.(2)某些专有名词和称呼，不可数名词，头衔，不可数名词前(3)颜色，语种，国家前inpurple/English/China(4)抽象名词前gotobedatwork在上班gotohospital去看病inhospital住院gotothehospital去医院inthehospital在医院里(5)名词前已经有定语修饰ItismythirdtimetovisitBeijing.(6)固定词组atnoon/night/midnightcatchfire着火一一．单项选择()1.Doyoulikehaving_____ricefor_____lunch?A./;/B.the;theC.the;/D./;the()2.Wecansee_____fullmoonontheeveningofAugust_____15theveryyear.A.the;aB.a;aC.a;theD.the;the()3.--Whatdoyouliketodoafterschool?--Ilikeplaying_____chesswithmyfather.A.aB.anC.theD./()4.--Doyouoftenplay______piano?--Yes.Iwanttobe______musicianlikeLanglang.让孩子成为人生道路的冠军！17\nA.the;aB.a;theC./;theD./;a()5.Doyouknowaspaceshipfliesataboutnineteenkilometers_______second?A.theB.aC./D.an()6.--Haveyouseen_____pen?Ileftoneherethismorning.--Isit_____blackone?IthinkIsawitsomewhere.A.the;theB.a;aC.the;aD.a;the()7.Avatarissuch_____wonderfulsciencemoviethatIwanttoseeit_____secondtime.A.a;aB.a;theC./;theD./;a()8.--You'vedropped_____"s"intheword"necessary".--Oh,_____letter"s"isdoubled.A.a;aB.a;theC.an;theD.the;the()9.Iamacollegestudent,Ihavebeen_____for3years.A.incollegeB.inthecollegeC.atthecollegeD.studycollege()10.Iheardthat_____wouldholdabigpartytocelebrateChristmasDay.A.SmithsB.theSmithC.theSmithsD.Smith()11.ThesecondSundayofMayis_____Mother'sDay.It's_____specialdayforchildrentoshowtheirlovefortheirmothers.A.a;theB.the;aC./;aD./;the()12._____oldmanbehindMaryis_____universityteacher.A.An;anB.A;theC.The;aD.The;an()13.Wecanhave_____bluerskyifwecreate_____lesspollutedworld.A.a;aB.a;theC.the;aD.the;the二．填空（根据句意，用适当的冠词填空）1.Heis________honestboy,sowebelievehim.2.Swimmingis________greatfunin________summer.3.Thereis_____“h”intheword“hour”,but_____“h”doesn’tmake_____sound.4.Ipreferplaying________guitartoplaying________Chinesechess.5.________firstlessonis________easiestoneinthisbook.6.Icaught________badcoldandstayedin________bedyesterday.7.Johnis________strongerofthetwinbrothers.8.Idon’tthinkmychancesof________successwereverygood.9.Themanis________dangertothesociety.10.Thispairofshoesisnotfitforme.Wouldyoushowme________secondpair?18\n中考一轮复习ChapterThree代词一．含义英语中的代词是代名词的简称，即用于替代名词的词，在使用中，代词具有名词和形容词的部分性质。二．分类英语中的代词大致可以分为人称代词、不定代词、疑问代词、连接代词、指示代词、相互代词、关系代词。其中人称代词又可细分为物主代词、反身代词等。一．人称代词1.指人或者事的代词，有人称数和格的变化Heisastudent.主格Tomistalkingwithher.宾格Tomisteachingher.宾格主格宾格形代物代反身代词我IMeMyMineMyself你YouYouYourYoursYourself他HeHimHisHisHimself她SheHerHerHersHerself它ItItItsItsItself我们WeUsOurOursOurselves你们YouYouYourYoursYourselves他们TheyThemTheirTheirsThemselves2.当有多个人称代词同时做主语时，遵从“231”原则，即先说第二人称，再说第三人称，最后说第一人称Yourbrother,youandIareallgoodfriends.3.人称代词的所有格，表示“谁的”，分为名词性物主代词和形容词性物主代词,其中，形容词性物主代词不能单独使用，后面一定要接名词；而名词性物主代词只能单独使用，后面不加名词Hisroomislargerthanmyroom.Hisroomislargerthanmine.让孩子成为人生道路的冠军！19\nMr.Greenisafriendofhers.4.表示某人自己，只有当前面有对应主语时后面宾语才能用反身代词--WhotaughtherEnglish?--Shetaughtherself./Shelearneditbyherself.Don'ttouchthemachine.Youwillhurtyourself.*Don'ttouchthemachine,Itwillhurtyou.(1)反身代词不能做主语(2)反身代词没有所有格(3)反身代词可以紧跟在人称代词的主格或宾格之后Don’taskanyoneelseforhelpsinceyouyourselfcanmanageit.Thestudentsthemselveshaveknownwhatastupidmistaketheymade.(4)出现在固定结构中的反身代词①enjoyoneself,helponeself系列②devoteoneselftosth,dressoneself系列③介词+oneself系列二．不定代词不指明代替任何特定名词或形容词的代词(1)some,any①some常用于肯定句，后接可数名词复数、不可数名词、可数名词单数I’dliketodrinksomemilk.HegavemesomesuggestionsonhowtolearnEnglishwell.Thebutterflyishidingitselfundersomeleaf.②any用于肯定句中，表示“任何一个”，后接可数名词单数或不可数名词ThefamouswriterisshorterthananyotheroneinChina.③在否定句和疑问句中，通常要把some改成anyIdon’thaveanyfriendsinthenewschool.Doyouknow______animalsthathavemorethanonestomach?④表示请求、提建议或邀请别人吃喝时，不需要把some改成anyWouldyoulikesomeapplejuice?Couldyougiveme______help?Whydon’tyouask______volunteerstoguidethewayforyou?⑤含有some的词组：some+time系列；some+疑问词系列(2)much,many①much+不可数名词，谓语动词用三单；many+可数名词复数，谓语动词用复数②表示“如：此多”时，用somany/somuch+名词③Much后加形容词的话需要比较级Doyouknowitismuch______(rain)inNanjingthaninXinjiang?辨析：Doyouknowthereismuch______(rain)inJiangsu?④many+a+名词单数（谓语用三单）=many+名词复数Manyastudent______(visit)themuseumeveryyear.20\n中考一轮复习⑤其他表示“许多”的表达法Alotof=lotsof=plentyof+可数名词复数/不可数名词Quiteafew+可数名词复数Agreat/gooddealof=anamountof+不可数名词Agreatmany+可数名词复数A(large)numberof+可数名词复数(3)few,little①afew+可数名词复数，一些；few(ofthe)+可数名词复数，几乎没有；alittle+不可数名词，一些；alittle+可数名词单数，一个小的…；little+不可数名词，几乎没有；little+可数名词复数，小的…；quiteafew+可数名词复数，相当多；onlyafew+可数名词复数，相当少；justalittle+不可数名词，相当少②little和few表示“如此少”时，用solittle/sofew+名词；表示“如此小”时，用suchlittle+名词(常和单复同形的名词一起考察)Hekeepssuchlittlesheepbecausetheysellwell.Thereissuchlittlewaterthatalotofpeopleheresufferfromthirst.③反义疑问句的考察Thereisalittlewater,isn'tthere?Thereislittlewater,isthere?Thereisagroupoflittlechildren,______?④alittle+形容词原级/比较级=abit+形容词原级/比较级Therulerisalittlelongerthanthatone.Thedressisabitlongerforme.Thesongisabitsadasitremindsherofthemiserablechildhood.⑤Notalittle+形容词，表示“非常”；notabit+形容词，表示“一点也不”Hewas__________nervouswhenhesteppedonthestageforthefirsttime.Heis__________nervousbecauseitisn’tthefirsttimethathe’smadeaspeech.⑥few可以和数字连用，little没有类似用法Afew______(千)workersprotestedtheunequaltreatment.⑦few和little的比较级、最高级考察lessthan+数量+名词：少于nolessthan+数量+名词：不少于atleast至少Themorecarelessyouare,the______(少)progressyouwillmake.Themorecarefulyouare,the______(少)mistakesyouwillmake.Ihopeyoucansellat______（少）200setsofalbumsintwodays.(4)such,so①such后接的中心词是名词，so后接的中心词是形容词或副词让孩子成为人生道路的冠军！21\nHeissuchalovelyboy.Theboyissolovely.②so/suchthat句型与各种句型替换Hewassocarelessthathemadealotofmistakes.=Hewascarelesssothathemadealotofmistakes.=Hewassocarelessaboythathemadealotofmistakes.=Hewassuchacarefulboythathemadealotofmistakes.③suchas+名词词组Helikeseatingsweetfruitsuchaswatermelonsandpears.=Helikeseatingsuchsweetfruitaswatermelonsandpears.(5)表示“其他”的词①another单独用或+可数名词单数/大于1的基数词+可数名词复数，表示“再，又，另……”Idon'tlikethiscoat.Pleaseshowmeanother.Wouldyoulikeanothercupofcoffee?Wouldyoulikeanothertwocupsofcoffee?②other不能单独使用，必须加可数名词复数，表示“其他”，是泛指Idon'tknowtheanswer,either.Pleaseaskotherstudents.注意：other前用了any时，后接可数名词单数③others只能单独使用=other+可数名词复数Somepeoplethinkitfairwhileothersdon’tthinkso.④theother可以单独用，也可以加可数名词单数/复数，是特指TheteacherholdsaMathsbookinhisrighthandandanEnglishbookintheother.Thereareappletreesononesideoftheroadandpeartreesontheother(side).固定词组：theotherday某一天（用于过去时）⑤theothers只能单独用=theother+名词复数，表示复数概念Theclassaredividedintotwoparts.Halfthestudentsaredoinghomework.Theothersarereading.Tomwaslatethismorningandtheotherscameontime.MoststudentshavedonemostoftheMathshomework.Therest_____(be)toohard.(6)both,neither,either,all,none,nothing①both：表示两者都a.bothof+名词复数，谓语用复数b.BothAandB，谓语用复数c.both与比较级等知识点考察Whichdoyoulike_____(good)ofboththepets?②neither：表示两者都不a.neitherof+名词复数，谓语用复数或三单，考试时写三单b.neitherAnorB，谓语动词用就近原则_____(be)neitherTomnorhissistersgoingtothepark?22\n中考一轮复习NeithershenorheandIarethieves.c.用于情景交际中--Tomhasn'tfinishedityet.--Neither/Norhehas.--Youarenotateacher.--Neither/Norishe.③either：表示两者之一a.eitherof+名词复数，谓语用三单b.EitherAorB,谓语就近原则c.疑问句和否定句中的“也”用either表示，前面有逗号④all：表示三者都a.all(of)the+名词复数，谓语复数;all(of)the+不可数名词，谓语三单b.all作主语，指事情，谓语三单；指人，谓语复数Allthatshouldbedonehasbeendone.Sinceallhavearrived,let’sstartthegame.Allhesaidprovesrightnow.⑤none：三者都不a.noneofthe+可数名词复数，谓语可三单可复数，考试时写三单b.none可单独使用，强调数量，常考none与nothing、nobody的区别--Howmanyeggsdowehaveinthefridge?--None.--Dowehaveanyeggsinthefridge?--_____.--Isthereanythinginterestingintoday’snewspaper?--_____.⑥each,every：每个a.each的范围是两者之间；every的范围是三者以上Thereareappletreesplantedoneachsideoftheroad.b.Each+可数名词单数，谓语三单；eachofthe+可数名词复数，谓语三单；the可数名词复数+each，谓语复数Eachstudent_____(have)abook.Thestudentseach_____(have)abook.Eachofthestudents_____(have)abook.c.eachother（两者互相，也叫相互代词），oneanother（三者之间互相）所有格形式(永远不变)：eachother's,oneanother'sTheyareaskingquestionstoeachother/oneanother.Theyremembereachother’snames.d.every+可数名词复数，谓语三单，后文指代用复数（every不能加of）EverystudenthasanEnglishbook.Theyarereadingnow.e.固定词组：everyotherday=everytwodays(7)复合不定代词复合不定代词指的是类似于something之类的通过词的合成而来的不定代词，形容词修饰不定代词时，需要后置Isthereanythingelsenecessarytoknow?让孩子成为人生道路的冠军！23\n三．指示代词用来指示或标识名词的代词，常用的有this，that和it1.this用于指示近处的东西，that用来指示远处的东西2.用于打电话的情景交际中，如：ThisisMr.Smith.IsthatMilliespeaking?3.It用于指示时间、距离、金钱、天气Doyouknowhowlongitissincewemetlasttime?四．替代词用于替代前文提到过的名词的代词1.one，theoneone表示同类物品，是泛指；theone表示特指Iboughtyouapresent,oneyoumustlike.ProfessorLee,theonewetalkedaboutyesterday,iscomingtoChangzhou.2.that,thosethat用于替代前文提到过的可数名词单数或不可数名词，those用于替代前文提到过的可数名词复数，通常两者后面都会跟of或in之类的介词TheweatherofWuhanismuchhotterthan_____ofChangzhou.3.itit用于指代同一件事物Thereisonlyonecopyoftoday’snewspaper.Wouldyoulike_____?五．疑问代词疑问词分为两类，一类是疑问代词，即在句中作名词性的成分（主语、宾语、表语、补语），有which,what,who,whom,whose；另一类是疑问副词，即在句中作状语成分，有where,when,how,whyIdon’tknowwhattodowiththeproblem.=Idon’tknowhowtodealwiththeproblem.Youshouldn’tfocus(关注)toomuchon_____youdon’thavenow.六．连接代词（见不定代词部分）七．关系代词（见定语从句部分）一．单项选择()1.Thoughtheexamisnotabitdifficult,Idon’tthink_____canpassit.A.anybodyB.nobodyC.somebodyD.everybody()2.--Ihaveneverseen_____littledeerbefore.24\n中考一轮复习--Thereareonlya_____leftintheworld.A.such,fewB.so,fewC.such,littleD.so,little()3.--Ihavebeenstandinghereforoveronehour.--For_____waiting?A.whoyouareB.whoareyouC.whomyouareD.whomareyou()4.--Howdoyoufindtheweather?--Can'tbeworse.It's_____toocold____toohot.A.neither,norB.either,orC.both,andD.notonly,butalso()5.--Willyoucometotheweddingceremony?--Ifmymotherdoesnotgo,_____.A.Norwon'tIB.NordoIC.NeitherIwillD.NeitherwillI()6.--You_____yourpapersonthedeskagain!--IthoughtIhadput_____inmyschoolbag.A.forgot,everythingB.left,anythingC.forgot,anythingD.left,everything()7.Thetwinsareholding_____hands.A.eachotherB.eachothers'C.eachother'sD.eachothers()8.Theworkerseach____requiredtoworkfortenhoursaday,differentfrom_____waswrittenintheagreement.A.is,whatB.are,whatC.is,thatD.are,that()9.--I'vemademygirlfriendangryagain.WhatcanIdo?--All_____beendonecannotbeundone.A.thathaveB.thathasC.whichhasD.whathave()10.--MustwevisittheFujiMountaintoday?I'dliketogoto_____place.--Areyoukidding?Itismuchmorefamousthan_____touristattraction.A.theother,anyotherB.another,anyotherC.theother,otherD.another,other()11.--Doyouknowthetallerboyoverthere?--No.ButIknow_____.A.anotherB.othersC.theotherD.theothers()12.--Whyareyousoangry?--_____studentsansweredthequestioncorrectly.A.OnlyalittleB.QuiteafewC.OnlyafewoftheD.Quiteafewof()13.Ihaveeatenmostoftheapple.Therest____bad.让孩子成为人生道路的冠军！25\nA.isgoneB.aregoneC.hasgoneD.havegone()14.--Whichdoyoulikebest?--_____.Theyareneitherinterestingnoruseful.A.AllB.NeitherC.NoneD.Both()15.--Someoneisknockingonthedoor?Whois_____?--I’mnotsure.A.thoseB.itC.heD.heorshe二．填空1.It’snotmydictionary.Itmustbesomeone________(其他).2.--Whichofthesongsdoyouprefer?--________(没有).3.Iamgratefulfor________(一切)myparentshaveprovidedmewith.4.Couldyouspeakalittlebit________(loud)?It’sstillnotclear.5.--Whichdoyouthinkisthe________(fun)amongthem?--Tobefrank,theyarebothboringandold-fashioned.三．翻译句子1.这个建议这么好，值得采纳。Itis_____________________________________________________.2.我的狗和他的猫都不能游过这条河。_______mydog______hiscat_____able_____________________.3.--既然你这么口渴，为什么不喝水呢？--不关你的事。--Sinceyouaresothirsty,whynot__________?--__________yourbusiness.4.没有什么好担心的，并不是每个人都不同意你。Thereis________________,fornot___________________________.5.她太专注于洗碗，没察觉到有人闯入卧室。Shewasmuchtoo_________________________________intothebedroom.26\n中考一轮复习ChapterFour形容词和副词一．含义形容词用来描写或修饰名词或代词，表示人或事物的性质、状态、特征、属性；副词用来表示行为或状态特征。二．功能形容词可以作定语、表语、补语、状语等成分；副词可以作表语、补语、状语等。三．构成形容词1.本身就是形容词，如：big,small,good等2.加词缀构成的形容词①-abledrinkable,respectable,reasonable,valuable②-iblehorrible,possible,terrible③-fulcareful,hopeful,thoughtful④-tivetalkative,active,imaginative,creative⑤-alinternational,medical,natural,general⑥-ant/entdifferent,absent,patient,excellent,distant,important,pleasant⑦-icscientific,energetic,public,historic⑧-icalphysical,historical⑨-ousdangerous,adventurous,serious⑩-yrainy,snowy,cloudy,sunny,foggy,windy3.分词，如：sleeping,broken，excited,exciting等副词1.形容词+ly，如：carefully,hopefully,lately,smoothly,politely,truly,possiblylovely,likely,friendly,ugly,lively,lonely,daily虽然以ly结尾，但是是形容词2.本身既可以作形容词，又可以作副词，如：fast,straight,early,high,deep,wide,hard3.自身就是副词，如：often,always,never,now,then,before,here,there,home,much,even,together1.多个形容词作前置定语时的排序问题，遵循口诀：县官行令大杀国才threebravehandsomefellows他们的三个圆形的、老式的、漂亮的、大的、红色的、法国的、木质的，可供睡觉的沙发让孩子成为人生道路的冠军！27\n________________________________________________________sofas2.分词作形容词时，ed结尾和ing结尾的不同含义apieceofexcitingnews一则令人激动的消息anexcitedlook/expression/smile一个兴奋的表情/微笑一个满意的答案a_____(satisfy)answer很累的一天a_____(tire)day一个惊讶的表情a_____(surprise)look3.表语形容词和定语形容词的区分(1)有些形容词只能作表语，置于系动词、名词后或作补语Shehasbeenawake/ill.Ifoundhimaliveaftertheearthquake.(2)大多数形容词既可以作定语，又可以作表语4.系动词+形容词的考察，注意区分是否是系动词Thegirlappeared________(happy)thosedaysbecauseoftheawfulresult.Thegirlappeared________(quick)atthatmoment.Inordertokeep________(health),youshouldexercisemore.Tomkeptthekeytothedoor________(care)soitwaslostatlast.Shelooks________(anger)now.Shelooks________(anger)attheyoungman.Shewasfalling________(sleep)whenIwalkedin.Theapplefell________(sudden)downthetree.5.不要从词汇所处的位置判断是形容词还是副词Sweepthefloor________(clean).Don’tdoitso________(quick).Theproblemwas________(success)solvedwiththehelpofotherstudents.Itis________(certain)thatheis________(certain)angrywithwhatIhavedone.________(tired)and________(hungry),hereturnedhome.6.形容词副词的比较级、最高级(1)意义：比较级表示两者间的比较，最高级表示三者及以上的比较(2)比较级、最高级的构成方法规则变化①直接加er或estcool-cooler-coolest；fast-faster-fastest；cold-colder-coldest②以e结尾的直接加r或stnice-nicer-nicest③辅音字母+y结尾的，或以y结尾的形容词，去y加ier或iesthappy-happier-happiest；unlucky-unluckier-unluckiest；heavy-heavier-heaviest④从最后往前，辅元辅结尾的重读闭音节单词，双写最后一个字母+er或estmad-madder-maddest；sad-sadder-saddest⑤部分双音节/多音节的形容词/副词，或形容词+ly构成的副词，在前面+more/mostoften-moreoften-themostoften；lazily-morelazily-themostlazily28\n中考一轮复习⑥表示“更不…”、“最不…”时，在单词前加less和leastimportant-lessimportant-theleastimportanttired-lesstired-theleasttired⑦不规则变化good/well-better-best；bad/badly/ill-worse-worst；many/much-more-most；little-less-leastfar-farther/further-farthest/furthest；old-elder/older-eldest/oldest(3)最高级的“the”的省略情况①副词最高级的the通常省略Hecomesearliesteveryday.②形容词最高级在表示自身的比较时省略theThelakeisdeepestinthispoint.Thelakeisthedeepestintheworld.③形容词最高级前有时用不定冠词代替定冠词，表示“非常”的概念IwilltellyouamostinterestingplaceinBeijing.④最高级前有形容词性物主代词或指示代词或名词所有格时，the省略Lindaismysister'sbestfriend.⑤两个形容词最高级修饰同一个名词，第二个最高级的the可省略Whoisthetallestandslimmestboy?(4)比较级常考题型①有than的句子中a.通常在单词填空中出现，且than放在句末，一定要格外留意Youshouldpaycloserattentiontotheproblemthanbefore.b.than前后比较的对象必须是同类事物Hisroomislargerthanme.×Hisroomislargerthanmine.√c.than作为一个连词，后面可以接代词主格，作为一个介词，后面可以接代词宾格Herunsfasterthanme.HerunsfasterthanI.②在much（much后面若有too，则加原级）,rather,alittle,abit,far（far后面若有too，则加原级）,even,any,no等词后面常常加比较级Pleasebeabitmorecarefulnexttime.Hediditfarbetterthanyou.③比较级前用the的情境Idon'tknowbothoftheboys'names.Ionlyknowthetallerone's.④比较级前用a/an的情境Allofthedressesaremuchtooshort.Iwantalongerone.Thefilmisveryinteresting.Youcanneverimagineabetterone.Ihaven'ttastedbetterbeerbefore.⑤比较级+and+比较级，表示越来越让孩子成为人生道路的冠军！29\nmoreandmoreinteresting越来越有趣；becomebiggerandbigger变得越来越大⑥The+比较级，the+比较级表示“越…，就越…”Themoreyouread,thewiseryouwillbe.Themorequicklyyoudoyourhomework,themorefreetimeyouwillhave.⑦can't+比较级，表示“非常……”Ican'tagreemore.Ican'tthankhimalittlemore.⑧倍数表达法a.Ais倍数+the+n.+ofBShanghaiisfivetimesthesizeofChangzhou.Theropeisthreetimesthelengthofthatone.b.Ais倍数-1+比较级thanBOurclassroomistwicebiggerthantheirs.=Ourclassroomisthreetimesthesizeoftheirs.c.Ais倍数as原级asBThelandscapeinthisareaisasbeautifulasthatinThailand.Therabbitrunsthreetimesfasterthanthedog.⑨情境中的比较级Hehaschangedthehabitofsmoking.Nowhelivesabetterlife.Let'sgotoanothershop.Thegoodstherewillbecheaper.(5)oneof+the+形容词最高级Heisoneofthemosthard-workingstudentsinourclass.(6)the+序数词+最高级Heisthesecondtallestmanintheworld.(7)最高级+先行词+定语从句，who和which要换成thatThisisthemostheart-movingmoviethatI'veeverseen.(8)最高级和比较级的转化HeisthemostoptimisticpersonIhaveevermet.=HeismoreoptimisticthananyotherpersonI'veevermet.(9)byfar+最高级或最高级+byfar，表示目前为止最……或显然是最……Thisisbyfarhisbestnovel.这是他目前为止最好的一本小说。Sheisthecleverestbyfarinhercompany.她显然是她们公司里最聪明的那一个人。一．单项选择（）1.Ihaveclimbedthesecond_____mountainandIcan'twaittoconquer_____one.A.high,thehighestB.high,ahigherC.highest,thehighestD.highest,ahigher30\n中考一轮复习（）2.--Whatdoyouthinkofthescarves?--Neitherissuitableforme.Pleaseshowme_____one.A.adarkerB.thedarkerC.adarkestD.darkest（）3.Nowairinourtownis_____thanitusedtobe.Somethingmustbedone.A.muchbetterB.moreworseC.farworseD.evenbad（）4.Thestudents,_____,couldn'twaittohaveanouting.A.happyandexcitedB,happilyandexcitedlyC.happyandexcitingD.happilyandexcitingly（）5.Howmuchisthe_____?A.newroundbigbedB.roundnewbigbedC.bigroundnewbedD.newbigroundbed（）6.--Mikehasgotthefullscoreagain!--Heisbyfar_____inhisclass.A.clevererB.theclevererC.thecleverestD.cleverest（）7.--Youdon’tknowthetallestman_____wassmoking,doyou?--_____.Heismybrother.A.who,YesB.who,NoC.that,YesD.that,No（）8.Youcouldn'thavedoneit_____,ifyouhadn'tbeenmorecarefulthanbefore,honey..A.aswellB.sowellC.sowellasD.best()9.Theboxisfar_____forthelittlechildrentocarry.A.heavyB.heavierC.tooheavyD.heaviest()10.Themobilephone_____minebelongsto_____.A.twiceasmuchas,hersB.twiceasexpensiveas,hersC.twiceasmuchas,herD.twiceasexpensiveas,her()11.--I'velostthematch.--Itdoesn'tmatter.It's_____agame.A.asmuchasB.asmanyasC.morethanD.nomorethan()12.Ithasbeensofar_____Julyofourtownonrecord.A.thehottestB.ahottestC.ahotterD.thehotter二．填空1.Thereismuch________(rain)insummerinmostofthecitiesinthe________(south)partofChina.2.Heopenedhismouth________(张大)andlookedatusinsurprise.3.Englishis________(广泛地)spokenallovertheworld.4.Thiswheelchairis________(专门地)madeforthepeoplewhocan’twalk.5.Thedogwillbefar________(happy)iftakenforawalkinthepark.6.Thesickmanisgettingeven________(ill).7.Whatanoise!Theboyplaysthepianono________(good)thanthegirl.让孩子成为人生道路的冠军！31\n8.IfIgiveyouthirtymoreminutesnexttime,canyoushowmea________(satisfy)answer?9.Ofthetwobedrooms,the________(tidy)onemustbeMike’sasheislazy.10.NortherncitiesinChinaismuch________(snow)thananyothercity.11.Whata________(大)rainitis!12.________(sad),itismoredifficultforgiantpandastosurviveinthewild.13.Don’topenyourbooks.Keepthem________(close),please.14.Themanspokemore________(polite)thanhiswife.15.Thenumberzerowas________(未知的)totheancientRomans.32\n中考一轮复习ChapterFive动词的时态一．含义在语法里，时或时态表示行为发生的时间和说话时的关系。一般分为过去式、现在式、将来式，时态连同语气、语态、体貌和人称为动词形式至少可能能够表现出的5种语法特性。一．一般现在时1.结构：主语+动词原形/动词三单他每天都要和他哥哥在操场上踢足球。Heplaysfootballwithhisbrotherontheplaygroundeveryday.你们每个周末都会浇花吗？Doyouwatertheflowerseveryweekend?2.用法(1)表示经常发生的事情，或者是常规的事情，通常与以下时间状语连用everymorning,everyday,atweekends,usually,often,always,sometimes,attimes,fromtimetotime,twiceaweek,everyotherday上述时态只是一般现在时的提示词，不是决定性的标志Heexercisedtwiceaweekinthepast.Heoftensmokedaftersupperthreeyearsago.(2)表示谚语或真理TheearthmovesaroundtheSun.Whenspringgoes,summerfollows.谚语经常出现在宾语从句中，不受主句时态影响Everybodyknewthattheearthisround.Theywerearguingwhetherthelighttravelsfasterthansound.(3)表示时刻表的将来当表示根据时刻表，飞机火车等交通工具几点出发、降落时，用一般现在时--Whenwilltheplanetakeoff?--Ittakesoffat8:20accordingtothetimetable.(4)几乎所有的系动词表示事物的特征时，用一般现在时(5)用于时间、条件状语从句的主将从现中①最常见的主将从现：IwillcallyouupassoonasIarrive.②若从句有“打算”的含义，可以用begoingtodo代替一般现在时：Iwillgowithyouifyouaregoingtovisitgrandparentstomorrow.让孩子成为人生道路的冠军！33\n③若从句有“…了之后”的含义，可以用现在完成时代替一般现在时：IwillwritealettertoyouwhenIhavearrivedintheUK.④主句中可以用情态动词、祈使句或表示“希望、想要”的动词表示将来概念：Idon'twanttoattendthemeetingunlessIaminvited.YoucanwatchTVforanhourifyoupasstheexam.⑤当整个句子是常识或真理时，主从句都用一般现在时：Thetemperaturegoesupwhensummercomes.⑥when/if引导的宾语从句，不符合主将从现：Pleaseletmeknowwhenyouwillcomeback.Idon'tknowifhewillagreewithme.二．一般过去时1.结构：主语+动词过去式他昨天在街上遇到了他的数学老师。HecameacrosshisMathteacheronthestreetyesterday.刚才史密斯先生接电话了吗？DidMr.Smithanswerthephonejustnow?2.用法(1)表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态常见时间状语：yesterday,thedaybeforeyesterday,...ago,justnow,amomentago,lastweek,theotherday,thismorning,inthepast,in+过去年份(2)表示过去经常、习惯发生的动作，句中通常有usually,always等频度副词以及表示过去的时间状语3.单选常考的一般过去时的语境题(1)--Thesignreads“NoSmoking”.Youcannotsmokehere.--Sorry.Ididn'tseeit.(2)--Whendidyouloseyoupen?--Ihavelostitfor3days.(3)--Pardon?--Isaidyoushouldlistentomecarefully.(4)Sorrytohaveyouwaitforsolong.Ithoughtyouwerenothere./Ididn'tknowyouwerehere.三．一般将来时1.结构：主语+am/is/aregoingtodo或主语+will/shall(第一人称)dobegoingtodo与willdo的区分：①只能用begoingtodo的情况a.明确表示某人打算做某事，表示某人的计划b.b.表示有征兆的情况Itiscloudy.Itisgoingtorain.34\n中考一轮复习Itis9:00now.Wearegoingtobelate.c.状语从句的主将从现中，从句表示打算时，可以用begoingtodo，但不能用willdo②只能用will的情况a.客观上一定会发生的事情Theweatherreportsaysitwillrainthisafternoon.Mysisterwillbe18yearsoldnextyear.b.表示某人的意愿（此时will也可以理解为是一个情态动词）Willyoupleasegiveyourseattothepregnant?2.用法指将来某个时间点即将发生的动作，常见时间状语有tomorrow,thedayaftertomorrow,thisafternoon,thisevening,in+段时间,by+将来时间,nextweek,soon,inthefuture3.单选常考的一般将来时的语境题(1)对祈使句的回答--Don'tforgettobringyourbookhere.--No,I________.--Pleasedonotmakesuchstupidmistakesnexttime.-Sorry,I________.--Pleasebringanumbrellawithyounexttime.--OK,I________l.(2)祈使句+逗号+and/or/otherwiseyouwill句型Don'tstayuplate,otherwiseyouwillfeelsleepytomorrowinclass.Turnleft,andyouwillseethehospital.特殊句型：Onemoretime,andyouwillsucceed.(3)用于祈使句的反义疑问句Don'topenthedoor,________you?Openthedoor,________you?Letuslistentothemusictogether,________you?Let'slistentothemusictogether,________we?(4)时间、条件状语从句中的主将从现四.现在进行时1.结构：主语+am/is/aredoing他们正在讨论关于环境污染的问题。Theyarediscussingabouttheproblemonenvironmentalprotection.2.用法：(1)表说话瞬间正在发生的动作Heisplayingbadmintonatthismoment.(2)表现阶段正在进行的动作或持续的状态Heiswearinghisfavoriteclothesthesedays.(3)表示方位移动的词用进行时表示不久后的将来让孩子成为人生道路的冠军！35\nMikeisleavingforNewYorkinthreedays.Tomisfallingasleep.3.现在进行时的常见搭配look,listen,rightnow,now,atpresent,atthe/thismoment,thesedays,具体时间点，上下文语境(1)Don'tturnontheTV.Tomissleepingnow.(2)Let'sgoandseewhoissingingoverthere.(3)--WhereisTom?--Heisreadinginhisroom.(4)--What'sthatnoise?--TomandhissisterarewatchingTV.(5)am/is/arealwaysdoingHeisalwayshelpingme.MymotherisalwayscookingfoodthatIdonotlike.4.不能用进行时的情况：(1)大部分系动词Listen!Howbeautifulthemusicsounds!(2)表示心理行为：like,hate,prefer,want,hopeHehatesplayinggamesatpresent.Hedislikedcartoonsinthepast.(3)表示归属的词：belongto，haveMymotherboughtmeabirthdaypresent.Ihavemyowncellphonenow.Thebooksbelongtomenow.五．过去进行时1.结构：主语+was/weredoing他们昨天五点正在种树。Theywereplantingtreesat5o'clockyesterday.2.用法(1)表示过去某个具体的时间点发生的动作常见时间状语：atthatmoment,at5:00yesterday,then,atthistimeyesterdayTheywereplayingfootballatthatmoment.(2)表示过去一段时间一直在进行的动作常见时间状语：from5:00to8:00yesterdayeveningHewasdoinghomeworkfrom5:00to8:00lastnight.(3)表示过去的打算①HewasleavingforLondonatthattime.②Thegirljumpedinasthebuswasmovingaway.3.单选常考的过去进行时的语境题(1)时间状语从句①as：主短从短；主短从长Mr.Smithcameinasmymotherwaswashingthedishes.36\n中考一轮复习②while：主短从长；主长从长Iwasdoingmyhomeworkwhile(Iwas)listeningtothemusic.③when：主长从短Thethiefwasputtingwhathehadstolenunderhisbedwhenthepolicebrokein.(2)其他情境题①--Ididnotseeyouatthepartyyesterday.--I________(attend)animportantinterview.②--Whatdoyouthinkofmynewclothes?--Sorry,whatdidyousay?I________(think)aboutsomethingelse.辨析--Whatdoyouthinkofmynewclothes?--Newclothes?I________(think)youboughtittwoyearsago.③Acarcrashedintothetreeyesterday.Thedriver________(drive)toofast,Ithink.④They________(plan)anoutingyesterdaybuttheydidn'tmakethedecision--Haveyourmotherfinishedwritingthereport?--No,she________(write)itthismorning./Yes,she________(write)itthismorning.⑥was/werealwaysdoingHewasalwayssleepinginclasslastterm.Hewasalwaysaskingsomestrangequestionswhenhewasyoung.六．现在完成时1.结构：主语+have/hasdone她已经写好报告了。Shehasalreadywrittenthereport.2.用法：(1)过去的事情对现在造成了影响Whathashappened?Youlooksopaletoday.(2)过去的事情延续到现在，并有可能继续延续下去Ihavewaitedfor3hours.Whenwillyoucome?3.常见时间状语：(1)in/overthepast/lastfewyears/days;thesedays;thisweek/year;uptonow;bynow;recently;never;ever;sofar;just;before;次数(2)Since自从IhaveearnedmoneybymyselfsinceIwas18yearsold.①当主句是表示“过去了多少时间”时，主句也可以用一般现在时IthasbeenacoupleofyearssinceIborrowedmoneyfromhim.=It______(be)acoupleofyearssinceIborrowedmoneyfromhim.=It_____(be)acoupleofyearsagowhenIborrowedmoneyfromhim.②当出现since或for+一段时间或句中有暗示有一段时间时，动词必须是可延续的让孩子成为人生道路的冠军！37\n瞬间动词一般的延续性形式完成时的延续性形式leavebeawayhave/hasbeenawaybegin/start/putonbeonhave/hasbeenonturnoffbeoffhave/hasbeenoffend/finishbeoverhave/hasbeenoverbuyhavehave/hashadborrowkeephave/haskeptdiebedeadhave/hasbeendeadgettoknowknowhave/hasknowncome/go+介词be+介词have/hasbeen+介词open/closebeopen/closedhave/hasbeenopen/closedjoin/takepartinbein+组织/have/hasbeenin+组织/beamemberof+组织have/hasbeenamemberof+组织becomebehave/hasbeengetmarriedbemarriedhave/hasbeenmarriedfallasleepbeasleephave/hasbeenasleepcatchacoldhaveacoldhave/hashadacoldgetusedtobeusedtohave/hasbeenusedto【注意】①不只是完成时中加段时间/自从，需要延续性动词，下面这两种也经常考：HowlongcanIborrowthebook?×HowlongcanIkeepthebook?√我能借这本书多久？PleaselookaftermydogwhenIleave.×PleaselookaftermydogwhileIamaway.√请在我离开的那段时间照顾狗。②短暂性动词的否定形式可以看做是延续性动词Wehaven'tmetsincethreeyearsago.③have/hasbeen和have/hasgone的用法：a.have/hasbeen(in)+地点+一段时间，表示在某地一段时间，且人还没回来HehasbeenintheUKforthreeyearstillnow.Theyhavebeenhomesincetheirmotherreturned.b.Have/hasbeen(to)+地点+次数，表示某人曾去过某地，且人已经回来了IhavebeentothePalaceMuseumthreetimes.Thereisanewshoppingcenternearmyhome,butIhaven'tbeentheresofar.c.have/hasgone(to)+地点，表示某人在去某地（或从某地回来）的路上，人不在说话地点，单选中通常考察情景交际类题型--Whereisyourfather?--Hehasgonetothepark.d.Have/hasbeenout+一段时间，表示某人不在说话地点，是have/hasgone的延续性38\n中考一轮复习表达--Whereisyourfather?--Hehasbeenoutonbusinessforthreedays.4.现在完成时与一般过去时的区别(1)过去时表示过去某时发生的动作或单纯叙述过去的事情，强调动作；现在完成时为过去发生的，强调过去的事情对现在的影响。①Ihaveboughtanewiphone.②Iboughtanewiphone.③Whendidyoubuytheiphone?(2)过去时常与具体的时间状语连用，而现在完成时通常与模糊的时间状语连用，或无时间状语。只要句中出现了过去时间状语或暗示过去时的提示，就不能再用现完。①Hehasrepairedthebrokenbikeandnowitlooksasgoodasnew.②Herepairedthebrokenbikeyesterdayandnowitlooksasgoodasnew.③Hehaswokenthreetimes.④Hewokethreetimeslastnight.5.其他常出现现完的情况(1)名词前有序数词、最高级时，所跟的定语从句通常用现完ThisisthebestfilmthatIhaveseen.Heisthefirststudentthathasarrived.(2)完成时的否定形式+a+比较级Ihaveneverseenabetterfilmbefore.(3)regret,remember,forget+doing的表达法，表示后悔、记得、忘记做过某事，有时可以将doing换成havingdone表示强调①Iregretsayingthosemeanwordstoyou.=Iregrethavingsaidthosemeanwordstoyou.②Irememberlockingthedoor.=Irememberhavinglockedthedoor.③Iforgetbuyingtheticketforyou.=Iforgethavingboughttheticketforyou.一．单项选择()1.He’llbetoldabouttheterriblenewsassoonashe_____back.A.comeB.comesC.willcomeD.came()2.Mary_____onshoeswhenshe____them.A.tries,buysB.tries,buiesC.trys,buysD.trys,buies()3.We'llgotoplaywithsnowifit_____tomorrow.A.snowB.snowsC.willsnowD.snowed()4.NeitherInorhe_____French.让孩子成为人生道路的冠军！39\nA.speakB.doesn'tspeakC.speaksD.doesn'tspeak()5.I_____thattheboy_____withnotearsinhiseyes.A.noticed,cryedB.noticed,criedC.notice,criedD.notice,cryed()6.--____yourbrother_____aletterto?--Myfather.A.Who,wroteB.What,wroteC.Whodid,writeD.Whatdid,write()7.Therewillbeafootballmatchintwodays,thatis______.A.lastSundayB.nextSundayC.everySundayD.thatSunday()8.He_____inhisgardeneverymorningnextyear.A.willworkB.worksC.workedD.isworking()9.Lookatthoseclouds.It_____soon,I'mafraid.A.isgoingtorainB.israiningC.willrainD.won'train()10.Theradiosaysit_____thedayaftertomorrow.A.isgoingtosnowB.issnowingC.willsnowD.snows()11.--Don'tforgettolockthedoorwhenyougooutnexttime,_____?--OK,I_____.A.willyou;willB.canyou;canC.willyou;won'tD.canyou;can't()12.Sincehe'sdecidedtobreakupwithhisfamily,he____hisword.A.willnotbreakB.hasnotbrokenC.wouldnotbreakD.isnotbroken()13.Apetwilleasilydieif_____goodcareof.A.itwasnottakenB.nottakenC.ittakesD.itisn'tgoingtobetaken()14.Listen!How_____themelody_____!A.smooth,soundsB.smoothly,soundsC.smooth,issoundingD.smoothly,issounding()15.--WillTomgotoseethemoviewithustonight?--No.He_____watchingmovies.--Don'tyouknowhehasbeeninfluencedbyhisfatherwhoiscrazyaboutmovies?A.dislikedB.hasdislikedC.dislikesD.isdisliking二．动词填空1.Listen!Thestudents________(read)aloudintheclassroom.2.--Whydidn’tyoucometotheclubyesterdayafternoon?--I’dliketohave,butI________(look)aftermysickgrandmother.3.--Didyoucheckyourhomeworkjustnow?--No,I________(check)itnow.4.--IhearGansuisdryinmostofthemonths.--Right.It________(rain)littleeveryyear.5.--Guesswhat?IsawSallyinLondon.--Really?I________(think)shewasinNewYork.40\n中考一轮复习6.--WhereisMrs.Xu?--She________(go)toParisforathree-dayholiday.7.ThisisthemostinterestingmovieI_________ever________(see).8.Howmanyofyou_________(join)thecomingschoolsportsmeeting?9.Howtiredyoulook!What________(happen)toyou?10.Thefamily________(stay)inthecityformorethanthreeyears.Theyarefamiliarwithherenow.11.Myfather________(live)inTokyofortenyears.HecanstillspeakalittleJapanesenow.12.--Wouldyoupleasenottalkinclass?--Sorry,we_______(notdo)itagain.13.They________(show)youaroundtheparktomorrow,aren’tthey?14.Thedog________always________(bark).It’ssoannoying.15.Howbeautifullysheissinging!I________(nothear)asweetervoice.让孩子成为人生道路的冠军！41\nChapterSix动词的语态一．含义1.概念：当句中的主语是谓语动词的承受者时，这个句子就是被动语态。2.结构：主语+be动词的各种形式+done+其他部分3.过去分词的构成(1)规则变化①在动词后直接加ed，如：worked,watered,visited②以e结尾的动词，在后面加d，如：lived,loved,moved③以辅音字母+y结尾的动词，去y加ied，如：worried,cried,studied④辅元辅结尾的重读闭音节单词，双写最后一个字母加ed，如：stopped,dropped(2)不规则变化①AAA型，如：put,cut,spread,read,cost,hurt,set,let,hit②ABA型，如：run(ran,run),come(came,come),③ABB型，如：bring(brought,brought),buy(bought,bought),think(thought,thought),④AAB型，如：beat(beat,beaten)⑤ABC型，如：swim(swam,swum),forget(forgot,forgotten),blow(blew,blown)4.用被动语态的情形(1)___________________Mywalletwasstolenyesterday.YourhomeworkmustbehandedinbeforeTuesday.Matchesareusedtomakeafire.(2)___________________Themurderwaswitnessedbyamanwhohappenedtostayathomebecauseoftheheavyrain.Thefamousstartooktheundergroundandwasrecognizedbyotherpassengers.一.被动与时态的复合1.一般现在时：主语+am/is/aredoneTheelectronicdevicesaresoldinthewesterncornerofthemall.糖用来给人类提供能量。________________________________________________.2.一般过去时：主语+was/weredoneTheschoolwasbuiltinthe1980s.史密斯先生把文件落在桌子上了。Thedocuments___________________________________.42\n中考一轮复习3.一般将来时：主语+willbedoneTheflightwillbecancelledbecauseanearthquakehappenedthere.他所有的作品都将在下礼拜展出。Allhisworks_____________________________________.4.其他时态的被动（不考，认识即可）现进：Wedon’tknowtheresultbecauseitisstillbeingdiscussednow.过进：Wecouldn’tpassthebridgebecauseitwasbeingrepairedthen.现完：Ihavebeenmadetoworkforextrahoursthreetimestillnow.5.含有情态动词的被动语态：主语+情态动词+bedoneHemustbepunished,forhehasmadesuchastupidmistake.这个机器应该一个月检查两次。Themachine_____________________________________.二．含有双宾的被动语态有些动词在主动语态中可以接两个宾语，其中动作直接操作的对象是直接宾语，而动作给予的对象是间接宾语Hegavemeacake./Hegaveacaketome.Myparentswillbuymeabirthdaygift./Myparentswillbuyabirthdaygiftforme.这些句子改成被动语态时，如：果直接宾语提前做主语，则过去分词后不需要介词，直接加间接宾语，如：果间接宾语提前做主语，则过去分词后需要介词，再加直接宾语Iwasgivenacakebyhim.Acakewasgiventomebyhim.Iwill_________________________bymaparents.Abirthdaygift_______________formebymyparents.三．含有宾语补足语的被动语态(1)主语+动词+宾语+宾补的结构，改成被动语态，一般宾补不需要变动Iconsideredhimasawiseman.Hewasconsidered________________________________.WewillchoosehimtobethepresidentoftheStudents’Union.Hewillbechosen________________thepresidentoftheStudents’Union.(2)当动词是see,hear,watch,listento,notice,make时，主动语态的宾补do在被动语态中需要变成todoIsawherlockthedooreverymorninglastmonth.Shewasseen________________thedooreverymorninglastmonth.Weoftenhearthemsingbeautifulsongs.Theyareoftenheard________________beautifulsongs.Theteachermadethestudentshandinhomeworkontime.Thestudentsweremade________________inthehomeworkontime.让孩子成为人生道路的冠军！43\n*Isawthekidnappedboyplayingattheriverat5o’clockyesterdayafternoon.Thekidnappedboywasseen________attheriverat5o’clockyesterdayafternoon.四．被动语态中的介词Heissolow-profilethatfewpeoplehearofhim.Heissolow-profilethatheishardly________________.Pleasemakesurethatsomeonetakesgoodcareofthebooksinthelibrary.Pleasemakesurethatthebooks________________________________________inthelibrary.Becauseoftheheavyrain,wehavetoputoffthepicnic.Becauseoftheheavyrain,thepicnichasto________________________.Heprovidedmewithagoodsuggestion.I________________________agoodsuggestion.Agoodsuggestion________________________me.五．Itissaid句型Itis/was+said/believed/supposed/expected/reported/guessed+that从句，表示“据说…”、“据报道”等含义，从句中的时态要求与宾语从句类似Itissaidthathe________________partinthesportsmeetingnextmonth.Itissaidthathe________________partinthesportsmeetingalready.六．被动语态的非谓语形式1.动词+(sb./sth.)tobedone/doneEveryonedoesn’twanttobestaredatforlongbyastranger.Leaveheralone.Herfatherdoesn’twanther________(disturb)atthemoment.Hisstrange-lookingearsoftenmake________(he)________(laugh)at.Whatamess!You’dbetterhavetherubbish________(put)away.2.名词+doneTheboy________(blame)byhismotheriscryingnow.Thenovel________(write)byLuxunisveryfamous.3.tobedone作状语，表目的Inordertobeheardclearly,heraisedhisvoice.________________________________(notnotice),hechosetoleaveatmidnight.4.done作状语的特殊情况（初中阶段只考察compare,devote这一类词）(1)当动词具有以下形式：主语+动词+oneself+介词+sth时，可以转化成主语+be+动词的过去分词+介词+sthHealways________(compare)himselfwithotherstudentsinhisclass.He________(compare)withotherstudentsinhisclass.(2)在单选中，若动词放在句子开头，如：________(compare)withotherstudentsinhisclass,heisexcellent.________(compare)himselfwithotherstudentsinhisclass,heisexcellent.44\n中考一轮复习________(compare)yourselfwithotherstudentsinyourclass,andyouwilllearntobehumble.一．单项选择()1.Thebooks_____carefullyintheschoollibraryareofgreatvalue.A.keepB.arekeepingC.keptD.arekept()2.Finally,thehypothesisthathadbeenconsideredasridiculous_____.A.provedtrulyB.wasprovedtrueC.provedtrueD.wasprovedtobetrue()3.Thegrassistoowetto_____onthemorningofthoserainydays.A.walkonB.bewalkedonC.walkD.bewalked()4.Thebook_____byMoYanisworth_____.A.iswritten,readingB.waswritten,readingC.tobewritten,tobereadD.written,aread()5.--Sir,doyouhavedirtyclothes_____?--No,thanks.A.washedB.towashC.tobewashedD.wash()6.Iwanttoborrowapento_____.A.writeB.bewrittenC.writewithD.bewrittenwith()7.Hurryup!Time_____.A.isrunningoutB.isrunoutC.hasbeenrunoutofD.isrunningoutof()8.Giantpandas_____bamboos.A.liveB.arelivedC.liveonD.arelivingon()9.Theresult_____howhardyouareworkingthesedays.A.dependsthatB.isdependedC.dependsonD.isdependedon()10.Thereisnoneedto_____.EverythingwillbeOKintheend.A.worryB.worryaboutC.beworriedD.beworriedabout()11.Thereisnothingto_____.Don’tbetoosensitive.A.worryB.worryaboutC.beworriedD.beworriedabout()12.You’dbetterhaveyouralibis(不在场证明)_____ifyouwanttobesetfree.A.proveB.toproveC.tobeprovedD.proved()13.--Frog,MoYan’slatestnovel,please.--Sorry,it_____justnow.A.soldoutB.sellswellC.wassoldoutD.soldwell()14.Thesongremindsmeoftheolddaysassoonasit_____.A.playsB.isplayedC.playedD.willplay()15.Excuseme,smoking_____inthegasstation.让孩子成为人生道路的冠军！45\nA.allowsB.doesn’tallowC.isn’tallowedD.won’tallow()16.It’sdifficulttogettotheothersideoftheriver.Ithinkanewbridge_____.A.shouldbuildB.shouldbebuiltC.willbuildD.willbebuilt()17.--Haveyoufinishedyourproject?--Notyet.ButIwillfinishitif_____another10minutes.A.IgiveB.IwasgivenC.givenD.Iamgivento()18.Withthehelpofpeopleallovertheworld,highbuildings_____hereandthereinWenChuaninseveralyears.A.haveseenB.willseeC.willbeseenD.havebeenseen()19.Thispairofshoes_____leather_____atahighprice.A.ismadeof,soldB.aremadeof,soldC.madeof,aresoldD.madeof,issold()20.Myfinger_____withaknifeandit_____now.A.wounded,hurtsB.wounded,ishurtC.waswounded,hurtsD.waswounded,ishurt二．动词填空1.Thebabypanda________(weigh)only100gramsatbirth.2.Thebabypanda________(weigh)only100gramsatbirthhasgrownup.3.Thebabypanda________(weigh)atbirthbythestaff.4.MoYan,afamousChinesewriter,________(award)theNobelPrizelastyear.5.The2014YouthOlympicGames________(hold)inNanjingfromAugust16thto29th.6.Isn’titstrangethatthecatbeusedto________(lie)besidethedogpeacefully?7.Ibelievethatanimportantmomentlikethisshould________(notforget).8.Theprojecttheyhaddevoteduptotwoyearsto________(choose)asthebestoneattheconference.9.LostinThailandisaChinesecomedy________(direct)byXuzheng.10.Haveyouheardthatsomepeople________(send)toMarsinafewyears.46\n中考一轮复习ChapterSeven非谓语动词一．含义非谓语动词是指在句子中不是谓语的动词，主要包括不定式、动名词和分词（现在分词和过去分词），即动词的非谓语形式。非谓语动词除了不能独立作谓语外，可以承担其他所有成分。二．区分谓语动词与非谓语动词在一个句子中，如：果一个动词能体现出完整的时态概念，则该动词为谓语动词。英语中，一句完整的话里面有且只有一个谓语动词，找到一个确定的谓语动词后，其他的动词就是非谓语动词。分别找出下列句子中的谓语动词和非谓语动词：1.Isearchedthewholehallforthelostmoney.2.ToimproveEnglish,hekeepspracticingiteverymorning.3.Doyouthinkthathewillbuyanothercomputerinsteadofhavingitrepaired.一．动词不定式肯定形式：todo否定形式：nottodo被动形式：tobedone1.作宾语常见的只能跟todo作宾语的动词有：promise,wouldlike,wish,prepare,plan,afford,appear,agree,decide,choose,expect,hope,fail,happen,learn,manage,offer,refuse,seem,waitWouldyoulike________(take)partinthespeechcontest?Hepromised________(notgive)awaythesecret.Thepianoneeds________(move)toanotherplacetomakeroomforthechildren.*形式宾语句若句子的宾语是todo的形式，且宾语长度过长，则用it代替，将真正的宾语后置，构成形式宾语的结构Ithinkitnecessarytoputinaprinterinouroffice.2.作宾语补足语部分动词含有动词+宾语+宾语补足语的结构，其中宾语补足语用来补充说明宾语，todo是一种常见的宾补形式。PleasetellthestudentstoremainhereuntilIcomeback.Theworkerswerereminded________(notforget)tolockthedoorwhentheyleft.(1)advise,allow,consider直接跟宾语和接宾补的区别让孩子成为人生道路的冠军！47\nMyteacheradvises________(read)Englishaloudinthemorning.Myteacheradvisesus_________(read)Englishaloudinthemorning.________(smoke)isnotallowedinpublicareas.Wearen’tallowed________(cut)downtreeswithoutlimitation.(2)hope,wish的区分Iwishyou________(cheer)upsoon.Anyway,itwasnomorethananexam.Ihopeyou________(succeed)ingettingthebigprizeinthecompetition.(3)感官动词、使役动词接宾补see,lookat,watch,notice,make,have,let,listento,hear，这些词中，表示“看、听”的动词的宾补形式，在主动语态中为do或doing，在被动语态中分别为todo和doing；表示“让”的三个动词的宾补形式，主动语态中为do，被动语态中为todoEveryonewasdevotedtohomework.Nobodynoticedhim________(go)out.Theboywaslastseen________(play)bytheriversidebeforekidnapped.Theworkersarelet________(work)foreightextrahourseveryweek.Whowouldyouliketohave________(repair)theoldmachine?IsthistheTVsetyouhavehad_______(repair)recently?3.作后置定语动词不定式经常置于名词或不定代词后作定语(1)therebe句型Thereisalotofhomework________(do).(2)不定代词Doyouhaveanythinginteresting________(share)withus?(3)序数词+名词的结构Heisalwaysthefirst________(hand)inhomeworkintheclass.4.作主语(1)todo作主语视作单数，如：果有两个todo结构，则视作复数Tofeedthegiantpandasisoneofmyroutineduties.Toeatmorevegetablesandtoexercisemorearegoodforyourhealth.(2)todo作主语和doing作主语的区分todo一般表示还未发生的事情或具体某一次事件；doing表示经常发生的事情或抽象的事件Tobeabasketballplayerismydream.Playingbasketballwithmybrotherismyhobby.(3)形式主语句若句子的主语是todo的形式，但长度过长，则需要用it来代替，将真正的主语后置，构成形式主语句的结构Itisenjoyabletospendsparetimewithmyfamilymembersatweekends.Itisgreatfun________(read)suchanovelasIhaven’timaginedbefore.5.作表语todo置于系动词后作表语48\n中考一轮复习(1)大多数情况下todo位于be动词后做表语Myjobistolookforfoodforthewholefamily.(2)seem,prove等系动词后，也可以接todo做表语Themanseemstobeinhisforties.6.作状语(1)表目的________(reduce)theriskoftheoperation,thedoctorshaveintroducedanewtechnology.Thesuggestionheprovideduswith________(prevent)thewaterpollutionwasadopted.(2)表结果①形容词+todo的结构Iamfeelingreallyhappy________(witness)yourgrowth.②too...to...结构和enough...to...结构Theboxistooheavyforthelittlebox________(carry).Mydaughterisoldenough________(dress)herselfeveryday.③onlytodo表示出人意料的结果Heansweredthetenquestionsonthepaper,only________(find)nineofthemwrong.7.其他关于todo的特殊结构(1)but后加todo的用法①常见的词组是havenochoicebuttodo，表示“别无选择只能做某事”②有时but后的不定式会省略to，总结为“有do就省to”Ihadnothingtodobut________(wait)there.Hedoesn’tdoanythingbut________(waste)timeeveryday.③不符合“有do就省to”的特殊结构Icouldn’tchoosebutagreewiththehim.One’spersonalitycan’tbutbeshownbyhisbehaviors.(2)常考的省to不定式①Wouldyouplease________(notspeak)tomesoloudly?②You’dbetter________(notask)herforhelpassheissobusythesedays.③Why________(notgo)overwhatyouhavelearnedregularly?(3)疑问词+todo的复合结构Ihadnoideawhat________(do)then.Whenandwhere________(hold)themeeting________(decide)yet.Canyouimaginehowmuchdanger________(face)next?二．现在分词肯定形式：doing否定形式：notdoing被动形式：beingdone1.作定语(1)作前置定语：rushingwater,dividingline让孩子成为人生道路的冠军！49\nLookatthe_________(sleep)dogoverthere.It’ssolovely!Wherearethe________(remain)apples?Ionlyatetwoofthemyesterday!(2)作后置定语：当定语比较长时，需要放在名词后，作为后置定语thewomanstandinginfrontofme,thegirlsdancingtothemusic--Whodoyouthinkisthemosthardworkingstudent?--Theonealways________(burn)midnightoils.2.作宾语(1)有些动词或词组只能跟doing作宾语，而不能跟todo：finish,complete,mind,enjoy,spend,practice,keep,giveup,feellike(2)有些动词既可以跟todo作宾语，又可以跟doing作宾语，但意义不一样：①remember,forget,regret②stop,mean,try,goon,beusedto,prefer③need,require,want(3)doing作宾语时，有时可以在前面加上动作的执行者，称为动作的逻辑主语--Wouldyoumindme/mysittinghere?--Betternot.It’staken.Myteacheralwayssuggestsmedoingexerciseseveryday.3.作宾语补足语(1)在动词不定式中提到的感官动词，经常用doing作宾补(2)有些动词只能跟doing作宾补，不能跟todo，常见的是以下两种：--Whatdidyouseejustnow?--Icaughthim________(smoke)inthecorner.--Whodidyoufind________(tidy)theclassroom?--Tom.Hewasdoingitallbyhimself.4.作主语、表语(1)doing和todo作主语和表语的区别见动词不定式部分(2)两个特殊的含有doing的形式主语句ItisnogoodwatchingTVforsuchalongtime.Itisnousecopyingwhattheteachersaysinclasswithoutthinkingitoverlater.5.作状语doing可以作伴随状语，前后两个动作几乎同时发生，表示原因、时间、条件等Sittingunderthetree,theywerehavingagoodrest.Notrealizingwhathappened,sheremainedmotionlessatthattime.三．过去分词肯定形式：done否定形式：notdone1.作定语(1)作前置定语：abrokenwindow,thefinishedhomework(2)作后置定语：定语比较长时，需要置于名词后，作后置定语thewindowbrokenbythenaughtyboy,theproblempaidattentiontolastweek--Whatareyoubusyreading?--Anovel________(translate)intodifferentlanguages.--WhodoyoucallAmy?--Thegirl________(know)asateenagewriter.50\n中考一轮复习2.作宾语补足语make,have,let三个使役动词，经常会跟done作宾语补足语，表示被动关系Theteachertriedeverymeanstohavewhatshesaid________(understood).Willtheshowyouhad________(carry)outbeheldthisyear?3.作状语done可以作伴随状语，主干的主语和动词是被动关系Seenfromthetopofthetower,thecitylooksbeautiful.Bittenbythedogtwice,hestartedtobeafraidofdogs.4.done不能直接作主语、表语、宾语TakentoLondonforatravelismydream.×一．单项选择()1.IheardMr.Smith_____atranscendentalismnovelofover200,000words.A.wroteB.haswrittenC.writeD.towrite()2.Willyouplease_____toomuchmeat?It’stoobadforyourhealth.A.don’teatB.noteatingC.nottoeatD.noteat()3.Mymotherhates_____andsheneverallowsme_____..A.smoking,tosmokeB.tosmoke,smokingC.smoking,smokingD.tosmoke,tosmoke()4.It’sbetter_____amanhowtofishthan_____himfish.A.toteach,giveB.toteach,givingC.teach,togiveD.teach,give()5.Helenhadtoshoutloudly_____becauseoftoomuchnoise.A.makeherselftohearB.tomakeherselfhearC.tomakeherselftobeheardD.tomakeherselfheard()6.Icoulddonothingatthatmoment_____keepsilent.A.exceptB.excepttoC.exceptforD.exceptwhen()7._____yourselfwithyourclassmates,andyouwillfindwhatyourweaknessis.A.ComparedB.ComparingC.TocompareD.Compare()8.LittleTomlikes_____tothecinematoday.A.takingB.totakeC.beingtakenD.tobetaken()9.Thenoisewastoobigforhim_____.A.heardB.tohearC.tohearanythingD.tohearnothing()10.Isthisthefridgeyouhad_____beforethepartywasheld?A.repairB.itrepairedC.hadrepairedD.haditrepaired()11.Mr.Whiteisbusynow.Heis_____forthe_____event.A.preparing,comingB.preparing,come让孩子成为人生道路的冠军！51\nC.prepared,comingD.prepared,come()12.Itisunwise____him_____suchamistake.A.for,tomakeB.for,makesC.of,tomakeD.of,makes()13.--Ihavetried_____thedoorthreetimesbutitdoesnotwork.--___fourthtime,please.A.tounlock,AB.unlocking,AC.tounlock,TheD.unlocking,The()14.Themandevoteasmuchtimeashehad_____hischildren.A.toeducateB.toeducatingC.educatingD.tobeeducated()15.--WhatshouldIdo,Dr.Zhang?--_____healthy,youshouldhaveenoughrest.A.KeepB.TokeepC.KeepingD.Havingkept()16.--Didyoupayattentionto_____totheteacherinclass?--Ofcourse.ButIforgot_____notes.A.listening,totakeB.hearing,totakeC.listening,takingD.hearing,taking()17.Allthestudentsarelookingforward_____somanyexamssomeday.A.tonothavingB.nottohavingC.tonothaveD.nottohave()18.Howmanyaudiencesdoyouexpect_____?A.arethereB.therebeingC.theretobeD.thereis()19.Peopleprefer_____theoveruseofwater_____thevaluableresource.A.preventing,tosaveC.preventing,fromsavingC.toprevent,tosaveD.toprevent,fromsaving()20.--Iamsureyouwillfinditdifficult_____thetask.--Ifeellike_____upnow.A.doing,givingB.todo,givingC.doing,togiveD.todo,togive二．动词填空1.Isthereanyonewhocanmaketheboy________(cry)overthereburstintolaughter?2.Thedoctorhasn’tallowedyou________(get)ourofbed.3.Theyhaven’tdecidedwhere________(spend)theholiday?4.Whichdoyouenjoy________(celebrate)yourbirthday,apartyoranouting?5.Canyouimaginewhatfunwehavehad________(talk)withthoseforeigners?6.Wearesurprised________(hear)thatourfootballteamfailedthematch.7.Thefarmersstopped________(work)aftertheheavyrainstopped.8.Hespentasmuchtimeashecould________(explain)ittous.9.________(find)moreinformationaboutthetrip,youcangotowww.jxtour.com.10.Themandoesn’tknowwhattodo________(stop)hisbabyfromcrying.11.Janehadnochoicebut________(pay)moreinordertogetthenicecarsoon.12.Didyoureallyhearher________(sing)intheroomwhenyoupassedby?13.________(hear)thesadnews,shecouldn’thelpbreakingintotears.52\n中考一轮复习14.Doyouknowthewoman________(shake)handswithourleaderjustnow?15.Thereisaboy________(play)tabletenniswithmyson.16.Theresearchdevotedmuchtimeto________(prove)abigsuccessatlast.17.Willthemoviewepaymuchattentionto________(show)nextmonth?18.Thewaymysisterthoughtof________(wake)meupeverydayisuseful.19.Haveyouseenthemovietheythinkworth________(watch)?20.________(improve)yourspokenEnglishasmuchasyoucan,andyouwillhavenodifficultycommunicatingwithforeignersfluently.三．翻译句子1.我的愿望是将来成为一名科学家。Mywishis__________________________inthefuture.2.我看到他走进那幢大楼。Isawhim_____________________________________.3.我的表哥宁愿待在家里，不愿意去购物。Mycousin____________________________________.4.老师运用不同的活动来使我们对课堂感兴趣。Theteacherusesdifferentactivities_________________.5.今晚待在哪里对我们来说仍然是一个问题。____________________tonightisstillaproblemforus.让孩子成为人生道路的冠军！53\nChapterEight情态动词基本概念一．概念情态动词是指含有一定的含意．可以表达某种感情和说话的口气的动词，但是它不可以单独使用作谓语动词。情态动词有：can(could)，may(might)，must(must)，haveto(hadto)，shall(should)，will(would)，need(need)，oughtto(oughtto)。二．内涵1.情态动词本身不表示正在发生或已经发生的事情，只表示期待或估计某事发生。2.情态动词除ought和have外，后面只能接动词原形。3.情态动词没有人称、数的变化，即情态动词第三人称单数不加s（haveto除外）。4.情态动词没有非谓语形式，即没有不定式，分词的形式。考点覆盖1.can,could和beabletocan：(1)表示能力，一般指天赋IcouldswimwhenIwasyoung.(2)推测客观可能性Summercanbewetandhotinthiscity.Whocanitbeatthedoor?否定推测：Tomcan'tbewatchingTVnowbecausethelightintheroomisoff.(3)表示许可，一般用于平辈之间；提问者可以用could代替can表示委婉语气，但是回答者不能用could--CouldIborrowyourdictionary?--Sure,youcan.Couldyoutellmehowmanybooksthereareontheshelf?(4)can的否定形式是cannot或can't,不能写成cannot(5)在否定句和疑问句中可以表示惊讶的语气Howcanyoubesocareless?你怎么这么不小心？(6)can的习惯用法①cannot(couldn't)help+doing情不自禁WhenIheardwhatthelittlegirlsaid,Icouldn'thelplaughing．辨析：Icouldn'thelpdoanythingatthattime.②cannot...too...再怎么……也不为过Youcannotbetoocarefulwhenchoosingyourfriends．③can/could常常用在sothat/suchthat句型的从句中，表目的Theteacherspokealoudsothathecanmakehimselfheardclearly.④can/could常用在before的从句中54\n中考一轮复习TheobjectflewawayquicklybeforeIcouldseeitclearly.beableto（与can的区别）(1)可以放在其他情态动词后Youmustbeabletocontrolyourmoodsatkeypoints.(2)可以有各种时态HewasabletospeakEnglishattheageof5.Iwillbeabletoaffordthehouseintwoyears.(3)可以放在句首，省略be动词AbletospeakJapanese,hewasemployedbythecompany.(4)表示经过努力或者学习后的“能够”只能用beableto，而can表示本身的能力Afterthetraining,hewasabletoswiminthedeepriver.2.may和might(1)表示许可，一般用于尊敬的人、陌生人和长辈之间，注意否定回答--MayIcomein?--Yes,youmay./No,youmustn't./No,youcan't.(2)表示推测、可能--Whosewalletisthis?--I’mnotsure.Itmightbetheactor's.Thelightisoffnow.Hemightbesleeping3.must和havetomust(1)表示必须，强调的是一种主观看法；也表示责任或义务。Wemustprotecttheenvironment,orwewillbepunishedbynature.(2)must的回答原则--MustIdothehomeworkrightnow?--No,youneedn't.Youmayhanditintomorrow.--MustIhavethewindowcleanednow?--Yes,youmust.(3)表肯定推测Hemustbetiredafterrunningforhalfanhour.Theymustbesinginginthehallatthemoment.(4)以must开头的疑问句或者在if从句中的mustMustyousmokeinthehospital?Ifyoumustleave,pleasewaitforatleastfiveminutes.haveto(1)有各种时态(但不会用到进行时，完成时)Iwillhavetogetupearlytoarriveontimetomorrow.(2)表示客观上的必须，一般会有条件Ihavetotakecareofmymotherbecausesheisinhospitalnow.让孩子成为人生道路的冠军！55\nAstherearetoomanyillegaladvertisements,therehastobealawtoregulatethem.(3)否定形式don'thaveto,表示不必要--MustIleavetheroomnow?--No,youdon'thaveto./No,youneedn't.(4)对含有haveto的句子进行反义疑问Youhadtogooverwhatyouhadlearnedatthattime,_____you?4.will和would(1)表示请求、建议、意愿等，would比will更委婉Wouldyoupleasenottalkinclass?Won'tyousitdownhere？(2)wouldlikesth/wouldliketodosthWouldyouliketogivemeahand?Yes,I'dliketo./Sorry,I'mafraidIcan't.Wouldyoulikeacupoftea?Yes,please./No,thanks.(3)wouldratherdothando句型Iwouldratherdrinkjuicethandrinkwater.5.shall和shouldshall(1)shall用于第一人称疑问句中．表示说话人征求对方的意见或提建议(2)shall的否定形式简写为______(3)shall用于反义疑问句Letme/uswatchthefilmtogether,willyou?Let'swatchthefilmtogether,shallwe?should(1)表示建议，应该Youshouldmakeanapologytohimimmediately.(2)表惊讶的语气Howshouldyoustandherelikeafool?It’ssurprisingthatheshouldmanageitbyhimself.(3)表推测Pleasebemorepatient.Sheshouldbehereanyminute.6.need(1)need表示“需要或必须”，做情态动词时，只用在否定句和疑问句中Youneedn'tcleanthestudyroomeveryday.Needtheyreturnhomebeforefiveo'clock?(2)回答以need开头的疑问句--NeedIteachhimhowtodealwithit?--No,youneedn't./No,youdon'thaveto.(3)作为实义动词可以用在各种句型56\n中考一轮复习Theflowerdoesn’tneedtobewatered.Thesickmanneedsoperatingon.*need做名词satisfyone'sneeds满足某人的需求Thereisnoneedtoworry.Afriendinneedisafriendindeed.自我检测一．单项选择()1.--MayIplaycomputergamesnow,Mum?--No,you_____.It’stoolateandyou_____gotobed.A.needn’t,havetoB.needn’t,mustC.mustn’t,havetoD.mustn’t,must()2._____youshowmehowtousethemachine?A.CouldB.NeedC.MustD.Should()3.--Amy,Ihearyou’vegotmanyforeigncoins._____Ihavealook?--Ofcourse.Iwillfetchthemforyou.A.MayB.MustC.ShouldD.Need()4.--MustIcleanupthebedroomnow?--No.You_____doitanytimeyoulike.A.mustB.needn'tC.mayD.mustn't()5.--NeedI_____thehomeworkbynextMonday?--Notexactly.You_____finishitbeforetomorrowinfact.A.complete,mayB.complete,mustC.tocomplete,mayD.tocomplete,must()6.--Areyouastudent?--_____,butIused____.A.No,toB.No,tobeC.Yes,toD.Yes,tobe()7.--What'stheweatherlikeinSummerinyourhometown?--It_____bequiterainy.Soaliens(外地人)_____feeluncomfortablethere.A.can,mayB.can,canC.may,canD.may,may()8.--Couldyou_____itinJapaneseforme?--Sorry,I_____.A.say,couldn'tB.say,can'tC.speak,couldn'tD.speak,can't()9._____yousitdown?You'dbetterbemorequiet,_____?A.Wouldn't,hadn'tyouB.Wouldn't,aren'tyouC.Won't,hadn'tyouD.Won't,aren'tyou()10.--WhereisMike?_____hebeintheclassroomnow?让孩子成为人生道路的冠军！57\n--No.He_____havebeenaway,forthelightisoffintheclassroom.A.Must,mustB.Can,mustC.Must,canD.Can,can()13.Youcangototherestroomifyou_____smokenow.A.canB.mustC.willD.may()14.Shemust_____hardfromnowon,orsheis_____tofailintheexam.A.work,possibleB.beworking,possibleC.work,likelyD.beworking,likely()15.Havingpracticedforawholeyear,she_____walkasanormalpersonnow.A.canB.couldC.isabletoD.may()16.--Youcan'tbe_____carefulnexttime.--OK,I_____.A.too,canB.too,willC.so,canD.so,will()17.Mymother_____arriveontimebecausesheiscaughtinthetrafficjamnow.A.mustnotB.shouldnotC.mightnotD.neednot()18.Wouldyoupleasenot_____here?Others_____feeluncomfortable.A.smoke,mustB.smoke,mayC.tosmoke,mustD.tosmoke,may()19.--HowwastheYouthClublastnight?--Itwasmuchfun.You_____come.A.mustB.shouldC.willD.may()20.FiftydollarsforsuchaT-shirt?You_____bejoking!A.mightB.canC.mustD.can’t二．翻译句子1.根据天气预报，今天下午可能会天气晴朗。Accordingtotheweatherreport,it________________sunnythisafternoon.2.--Tom一定在修理自行车。--不可能。他去超市了。--Tom________________________hisbike.--He________________.He________________tothesupermarket.3.有人在敲门。可能是谁啊？Someoneisknockingatthedoor.Who________________________?4.他会说多种语言，被这家跨国公司聘用了。________________________manykindsoflanguages,hewasemployedbythemulti-national.5.--我现在必须要起床吗？--不，你可以再睡半小时。--________Igetupnow?--No,you________.You________sleepforonemorehour.58\n中考一轮复习ChapterNine复合句的辨别和综合应用基本概念一．复合句1.概念：英语中，句子可以分为简单句、复合句，其中，复合句又可以分为并列复合句、主从复合句。并列复合句由and,or,but,for等词引导，主从句在句子结构上是并列的关系，可以分别单独存在；主从复合句由关联词引导，从句从属于主句，是主句的句子成分中不可缺少的一部分。2.结构：主句+关联词+从句3.分类：根据从句在主句中所表示的成分，主从复合句可以具体细分为宾语从句、定语从句、状语从句、主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句。初中阶段，主要学习前三种从句类型。考点覆盖一.宾语从句1.时态：主句一般现、现进、现完，从句时态_________；主句一般过、过进、过完，从句时态__________（______除外）(1)以Could、Would开头的句子，多数表示委婉语气，宾语从句的时态__________(2)以when,if引导的从句要注意区分是宾语从句还是状语从句Doyouknowifhe________(tell)usthesecretifwe________(promise)tokeepitfromothers?2.语序：宾语从句的语序一定是________语序，即引导词+______+_______的顺序注意几个常考的语序结构：(1)Doyouknowwhatisthematterwithourdog?(2)Canyoutellmewhichisthewaytothelibrary?(3)Idon’tknowhowmanystudentsthereareinourclass.(4)Iamwonderingwhathappenedjustnow.3.连接词：宾语从句若是陈述句，则连接词为________；若是疑问句，则连接词为_______(1)表示“是否”时，连接词统一用whether(2)宾语从句的省略结构中，疑问词+todo结构，不能用_______和__________(3)一个宾语从句只能有一个连接词，不能出现that和疑问词混用的情况(4)what和which的区分，who和whom的区分4.其他考点(1)介词判断下列句子正误CouldyoutellmewhichgateIshouldgotogetout.让孩子成为人生道路的冠军！59\nIdon’tknowhowIcangetthenearestsupermarket.(2)短暂性动词与延续性动词判断下列句子正误DoyouknowhowlongIhaveborrowedthebook?Ididn’texpectthathehaddiedsincetwoyearsago.(3)动词的语态判断下列句子正误Canyouimaginehowmuchdangerwewillbefaced?Iamwonderinghowlongthedramahasbeenlasted.二．状语从句1.时间状语从句，连接词有______,______,______,______,______等(1)表示两件事情同时发生时，要注意区分动作持续的时间长短，长动作用进行时(2)注意特殊连接词对时态的特殊要求(since等)2.原因状语从句，连接词有______,______,______等(1)区分三个连词表示因果关系的强弱关系(2)区分becauseof和because(3)注意现在完成时、进行时等特殊时态在原因状语从句中的使用3.条件状语从句，连接词有______,______等(1)注意两个连词之间的相互转化(2)注意if引导的条件状语从句和宾语从句的区分4.让步状语从句，连接词有______,______,______等(1)although不与but连用，可与yet连用(2)疑问词+ever的使用方法(3)evenif/eventhough与asif/asthough的辨析5.状语从句中的主将从现6.状语从句中从句的省略三．定语从句1.结构：先行词+关系词+定语从句2.关系词可以分为关系代词和关系副词，关系代词有_____,_____,_____,______,______等；关系副词有when,where,why3.关系代词在使用中的一些特殊情况(1)当先行词前出现thelast,theonly,thevery,the+序数词/最高级，little,few,none,any,no等修饰词时，关系代词需要换成that(2)当先行词是指人的不定代词时，关系代词只能用who/whom，当先行词是指物的不定代词时，关系代词只能用that(3)当句子本身就是以who或which开头时，关系代词只能用that(4)当先行词是数词时，关系代词只能用that(5)关系代词在定语从句中充当宾语且没有紧跟在介词后时，可以省略60\n中考一轮复习(6)当主句是therebe句型，指人时关系代词用who/whom，指物时关系代词用that(7)当先行词被oneof修饰时，定语从句中的谓语用复数形式，当先行词被the(only)oneof修饰时，定语从句中的谓语用三单形式。(8)当先行词是way时，关系词可以用that，inwhich或省略4.定语从句的省略形式当定语从句中出现be动词+doing/done或be动词+adj+todo的结构时，可以将关系词、be动词一起省略5.定语从句的时态当主句是现在范畴的时态时，定语从句的时态根据需要使用；当主句是过去范畴的时态时，定语从句的时态通常也是过去时态范畴6.定语从句中的动词与主句谓语动词的区分Themoviewearealllookingforwardto________(show)intwoweeks.Theproblempaidmuchattentionto________(remain)aheadachefortheleader.四．三种复合句的区分1.如何判断从句类型但凡是从句，必然有关联词（省略时自行补充），通过关联词所处的位置的句子成分，来判断所填从句的类型Weareallawarethatitisimportanttosavewaterresources.Weareremindedthatweshouldturnoffthelightwhenwelefttheroom.Theboywhobrokethewindowwillbepunishedunlesshemakesanapology.2.关联词在不同从句中的用法区分(1)That①在宾语从句中，that_____省略，______成分②在定语从句中，that_____成分，并且在作_____时可以省略(2)疑问代词①在宾语从句中，_____省略，_____成分②在定语从句中，_____成分，并且在作_____时可以省略(3)疑问副词①在宾语从句中，_____省略，_____成分②在定语从句中，作状语成分，不可以省略③在状语从句中，不作成分，不可以省略自我检测一．单项选择()1.Theproblemcan’tbesolved_____thebothsideshaven’treachedanagreement.A.asB.untilC.unlessD.assoonas()2.--Shallwedosomeshoppingnow?--_____itisraininghardoutside,we’dbetternot让孩子成为人生道路的冠军！61\ngoout.A.UnlessB.IfC.SinceD.When()3.Inthedarkstreet,therewasn’tasingleperson_____shecouldturnforhelp.A.whoB.whomC.towhoD.towhom()4.Neitherofushasdecidedwhether_____.A.shouldwedealwiththeproblemB.weweretreatingherintherightwayC.togoD.wewouldarrivethereontime()5.Heistheonlyoneofthestudentswho_____awinnerofscholarshipforthreeyears.A.isB.areC.havebeenD.hasbeen()6.--Idoubt_____hewillforgiveusforoursillymistake.--Iamnotsure_____weshouldapologizetohimfirst.A.whether,thatB.that,ifC.whether,ifD.that,whether()7.Haveyouplanned_____?A.whichcityweshouldgotospendtheholidayB.whichhotelwewillstayinDalianC.howwewouldgothereD.whatwearegoingtodowiththebrokencar()8.Don’ttalkaboutthethingsof_____youarenotsure.A.whatB.thatC.whichD.whose()9.Thebookwillshowyou_____whatyouhavethoughtuselesscanbeusedinanotherway.A.whichB.asC.howD.until()10.Thereasonis_____heisunabletosettletheproblembyhimself.A.whyB.becauseC.thatD.what()11.Those_____notonlyfrombooksbutalsofromexperienceswillsucceed.A.learnB.wholearnC.thatlearnD.learned()12.--Howdoyoufindthebook?--Quitedifferentfrom_____Ihaveeverreadbefore.A.theonewhatB.whichC.whatD.that()13.What_____foryouasthebirthdaypresent?A.youexpectwillyourmotherbuyB.doyouexpectwillyourmotherbuyC.youexpectyourmotherwillbuyD.doyouexpectyourmotherwillbuy()14._____thecoachbelievesinhistalent,thoughhefailedlasttime,theplayerisstillchosentoplayinthenextimportantgame.A.ButB.BecauseC.WhenD.While()15.Thewholeclassweretakingtheexam_____apowercuthappenedsuddenly.A.asB.whileC.whenD.because62\n中考一轮复习二.动词填空1.Myfather________(walk)thedogwhenreceivingthestrangecall.2.IlentthedictionarythatI________(buy)threedaysbeforetoMillie.3.Nobodyknewwhatdangerthey________(face)atthatmoment.4.Couldyoupleasetellmewhen________(move)outoftheoldapartment?5.Hazewillcausealotmoreproblemstoourcountryunless________(deal)withproperly.6.When________(ask)thequestion,shefeltquiteembarrassedbecauseshedidn’tknowhowtoanswerit.7.Youcanrefusethejobif________(interview)othersisquitedifficultforyou.8.Youhadbetternotdrinkbeerunlessyou________(allow).9.________it________(rain)whenyouwerereadytogooutyesterdayafternoon?10.Mr.Greensaidhe________(stay)thereforanothertwodaysiftheproblemwasn’tsolved.11.Sincewe________(notsee)eachotherforsomanyyears,IamnotsurewhetherIcanrecognizehimatthefirstsight.12.Iamgoingtomakeareportontheaccidentthat________(happen)tothepoorfamily.13.Nothing________(prevent)youfrominvestigatingintothetruthaslongasyouthinkit________(bring)benefits(好处)tothepublic.14.Mymotheristrainingtogetthedrivinglicensewhilemyfather________(get)ittwoyearsago.15.Thewayyouthoughtof________(deal)withtheproblem,asfarasIamconcerned,deservesconsideration.三．翻译句子1.除非你知道谋杀你妻子的那两个人是谁，不然你就是嫌疑人之一。Unlessyouknow____________________________,_______________oneofthesuspects.2.如：果你养成了看报纸的习惯，你就能及时了解到最新的信息。Ifyou________________________,you________________________intime.3.当我们赶到电影院时，电影已经开始半小时了。Whenwe_____________________.themovie________________forhalfanhour.4.没有人知道他们会做出怎样的一个决定来控制快速增长的人口。Nobodyknew____________________________________therapidlygrowingpopulation.5.既然你已经告诉了他我们正在处理这个问题，他就应该积极配合我们。Since____________________________________,heshouldactivelycooperatewithus.让孩子成为人生道路的冠军！63\nChapterTen情景交际基本概念一．含义英语的交际性和实用性是中考考查的热点和难点，因此我们应该把英语的交际性仍然当成中考英语备考的重点，近年来中考英语知识运用题逐渐加大了交际英语中情景对话的比重。该类试题体现了以下特点：1.以情景为条件，以对话为主要表达形式；2.既短小又灵活，前言后语连接紧凑，答语多呈现省略，增加了答案的隐蔽性；3.从实际出发，考查交际语言的运用能力。二．分类情景交际的考察形式主要是两种，其一是对英语谚语、俚语的考察，题型比较单一，考生比较容易选出正确答案；其二是对会话场景的考察，题目灵活，答案需要推敲斟酌。三．情景交际的原则1.委婉。会话过程中，大多数情况，双方都要保持礼节，即用委婉的方式进行表达--Wouldyouliketocometomybirthdayparty?--No,Idon't.--Sorry,Ibrokethevaseagain.--Howcanyoubesostupid!--Ihaven’tseenyourgrandfathersincetwoyearsago.--Hehasdied.上述三段对话都违反了会话的委婉原则，都是不合适的。2.避免中式思维。在情景交际中，越是跟中文的思维相似的选项越有可能是错的--Sorry,Ihavelostyourbook.--Idon'tcare.--CanIputmybagontheseatbesideyou?--Well,nevermind.--Thankyouverymuchforyoursincerehelp.--Pleasedon’tsayso.上述两段对话都使用了中式思维，造成前言不搭后语的结果。考点覆盖1.回答ThankyouNotatall./Youarewelcome./Forgetit./Don'tmentionit./It'smypleasure./I'mgladyoulikeit.2.回答SorryNevermind./It'sOK./That'sOK./It'sallright./That'sallright./Itdoesn'tmatter.3.当别人要给你提供食物时(1)Wouldyoulikesth?Yes,please./Justalittle./No,Ihavehadenough.(2)WouldyoulikeAorB?I'dlikeA/B.64\n中考一轮复习(3)CanIhelpyou?Yes,please.I'dlike....(4)CanIgetyouacupoftea?It'sniceofyou.4.回答Doyoumind...?(1)不介意Ofcoursenot./Certainlynot./Notatall.(2)介意Sorry.../(You'd)betternot.5.回答情态动词的提问（见情态动词）6.回答“你认为是否会下雨”之类的问题(1)会下雨：Ithinkso./Isupposeso./Iamafraidso./Ibelieveso.(2)不会下雨：Idon'tthinkso./I'mafraidnot./Ibelievenot.(3)希望下雨：Ihopeso.(4)不希望下雨：Ihopenot.7.对某人观点发表意见(1)同意某人观点：Iagreewithyou./Exactly./Ican'tagreemore./Youcansaythatagain./Greatmindsthinkalike.(2)不同意某人观点：Idon'tthinkso./Ican'tagreewithyou./Areyouserious?/Areyoukiddingme?8.回答别人的祝贺(1)最常见的回答：Thankyou.(2)当别人和你有相同的情况时，回答：Thesametoyou.(3)当你对别人祝贺你的内容仍不知情甚至表示惊讶时，回答：Really?/反义疑问句9.别人要做一件事，对他提出建议或祝愿(1)建议别人不要紧张：Takeiteasy.(2)比较常见的祝愿：Bestwishes！(3)别人要去做一件靠运气的事时：Goodluck.(4)别人即将出去旅游：Haveagoodtrip./Havefun./Enjoyyourselves!10.回答别人对你提出的建议：Goodidea./Soundsgreat!/Whynot?11.打电话的时候(1)介绍自己/问对方是谁：Thisissb.speaking./Isthatsbspeaking?(2)让某人别挂电话：Holdon,please.12.别人想要离开时Seeyou./Goodbye./Somuchfortoday./Let'scallitaday.13.某人来家里做客Makeyourselfathome./Helpyourself(tosth)/Bemyguest./Pleaseyourself.14.别人忙了你的忙(1)成功了：Thankyou./It’sniceofyoutohelpme.(2)虽然帮了忙但是没成功：Thankyouanyway./Thankyouallthesame.15.问别人的工作让孩子成为人生道路的冠军！65\nWhatishisjob?/Whatdoeshedo?/Whatishe?16.问别人对一件事情的评价Whatdoyouthinkofthemovie?/Howdoyoulikethemovie?/Howdoyoufindthemovie?17.给别人指路Thiswayplease./Sorry,Iamnewhere./Turnleftatthecrossing,andyoucan'tmissit.18.其他常见用语Itdepends.It'suptoyou.Who(God)knows?Sowhat?What'sup?Nowonder...Howcome?Howdoyoudo?Ican'tpromise.It'shardtosay.Lookout!Noproblem.Nonsense.Takecare.Nothingserious.Afteryou.Whatapity!/I'msorrytohearthat.Pleaseremembermetoyourparents.Comeon.Behaveyourself.Mindyourownbusiness./Noneofyourbusiness.Iamnotmyselftoday.Pardon?(=MayIbegyourpardon?19.谚语....forarainyday做…以备不时之需Howtimeflies./Timehaswings.光阴飞逝。Greatmindsthinkalike.英雄所见略同。Badnewshaswings.好事不出门恶事行千里。Timeandtidewaitfornoman.时不我待。Strikewhiletheironishot.趁热打铁。Whathasbeendonecannotbeundone./Itisnousecryingoverspiltmilk.覆水难收。Lookbeforeyouleap.(正式）/Thinktwicebeforeyoudoit.(非正式）三思而后行。Actionspeakslouderthanvoice./Factspeakslouderthanwords.事实胜于雄辩。66\n中考一轮复习Morehaste,lessspeed.欲速则不达。Practicemakesperfect.熟能生巧。Theearlybirdcatchestheworm.早起的鸟儿有虫吃。Romewasnotbuiltinaday.冰冻三尺非一日之寒。WheninRome,doastheRomansdo.入乡随俗。AllroadsleadtoRome.条条大路通罗马。It'snevertoooldtolearn.活到老学到老。Afriendinneedisafriendindeed.患难见真情。Firstcome,firstserved.先到先得。Takethingsastheycome.既来之则安之。It'shardtopleaseall.众口难调。Likefather,likeson.有其父必有其子。Learntowalkbeforeyourun.先从简单的开始做起。Manyhandsmakelightwork.众人拾柴火焰高。Misfortunesnevercomealone.祸不单行。Wherethereisawill,thereisaway.有志者事竟成。Nevertoooldtolearn,nevertoolatetoturn.亡羊补牢，为时未晚。Nopain(s),nogain(s).没有付出，就没有收获。Wellbegunishalfdone.好的开始是成功的一半。Godhelpsthosewhohelpthemselves.天助自助者。Justicehaslongarms.天网恢恢疏而不漏。Killtwobirdswithonestone.一箭双雕。Twoheadsarebetterthanone.三个臭皮匠，赛过诸葛亮。Don'tjudgeabookbyitscover.不要以貌取人。Promiseisdebt.一诺千金。It'seasiersaidthandone.说起来容易做起来难。Don'tbeawetblanket.不要扫兴。Don'tpullmyleg.别开玩笑。自我检测一.单项选择()1.--IamworriedabouttheinterviewIhadyesterday.--________,andlet'skeepourfingerscrossedandhopeforthebest.A.ComeonB.NowonderC.NoproblemD.Getready()2.--Ireallydon'tknowwhetherIcanbeadmittedtomyidealuniversityinamonth.--________.Everythingispossible.A.TakeiteasyB.TakeyourtimeC.NevergiveupD.Nothingserious()3.--Markdidn'twinthatscienceawardafterall.让孩子成为人生道路的冠军！67\n--________.Ithoughtforsurehewould.A.Nodoubt.B.NowonderC.HowcomeD.Sowhat()4.--Therailwaystation,please.Ihavetobethereintenminutes.--________,butI'lldomybest.A.NoproblemB.OfcourseC.Ican'tpromiseD.Ican'tdothat()5.--HowdoyoufindthelatestmovieAvatarbyJamesCameron.--________.Ican'tthinktoohighlyofit.A.It'snottomytaste.B.Italldepends.C.Quitebyaccident.D.It'sreallywonderful.()6.--Learningalanguageisnoteasy.Ittakestime.--Iagree.________.There'snoshortcut.A.AllroadsleadtoRome.B.Romewasn'tbuiltinaday.C.Actionspeakslouderthanvoice..D.Slowbutsurewinstherace.()7.--Ithinkstudentsshouldhavemobilephonestocalltheirparents.--________.Theyoftenusethemtoplaygamesinstead.A.Ican'tagreewithyouB.Ican'tagreemoreC.YoucansaythatagainD.Ihopeso()8.--Iamverysorry.Ican'tfindyourfavoriteCD.--________.I'llgoandbuyanotherone.A.Don'tsaythat.B.Don'tmentionit.C.Forgetit.D.Idon'tcare.()9.--Iamgoingtohaveanimportantexam.--________.A.Takeyourtime.B.Congratulations.C.Bestwishes.D.Nevergiveup.()10.Iamsurprisedtohearfromher.________,welastmettenyearsago.A.OnonehandB.ThatistosayC.BelieveitornotD.Inotherwords()11.--TVsaystherewillbeastormtomorrow.--________.Iplannedtogoclimbingwithmyclassmates.A.IhopesoB.Idon'tthinksoC.SoundsgoodD.Badluck()12.--Youdon'thavetomakesomuchnoise,doyou?--________.A.NotatallB.NevermindC.I'msorryD.Betternot()13.--I'msorryIcan'thelpyou.--________.A.MypleasureB.WithpleasureC.ThankyouallthesameD.I'msorrytohearthat68\n中考一轮复习()14.--Excuseme,couldItakethisseat?--Sorry,________.A.youmustn'tdothatB.hereyouareC.it'stakenD.nevermind()15.--Howareyougoing,buddy?--________.Alittlebusy,though.A.NottoobadB.ByundergroundC.Can'tbeworseD.Toobusy()16.--Thesummervacationiscominginafewdays.I’llsharetheholidayswithmydaughterbytravelling.--________!A.CongratulationsB.NicetoknowthatC.HaveagoodtripD.It’skindofyou()17.--Ihavesomegoodnewsforyou.Youhavebeenacceptedasamemberofourclub.--________.That’sgreat!A.Pardon?B.Congratulations!C.HaveI?D.Goodidea!()18.--Whatanicemeal!Thankyouforinvitingus.--________.A.Itdoesn’tmatter.B.Itwasapleasure.C.Notniceenough.D.Withpleasure.()19.--CanIgetyouacupofblackcoffee?--________.A.It’sniceofyou.B.Withpleasure.C.Youcan,please.D.Thankyouforthecoffee.()20.--Iforgottobringmynotebook.--________.Youcanhavesomepaperfromme.A.Helpyourself.B.I’msorry.C.Noproblem.D.Socareless.()21.--Excuseme,mayIhaveyourname?--________.A.Noproblem.B.Ofcourse.C.CallmeJulie.D.Yes,please.()22.--Doyouthinkitwillraintomorrow?--________,forithasbeensodryforweeks.A.IhopesoB.Ithinkso.C.I’dliketoD.Ofcoursenot()23.--________.--Thankyou.Icertainlywill.让孩子成为人生道路的冠军！69\nA.Iwishyoueveryhappiness.B.MayIhelpyou?C.Willyouhelpmewithmywork?D.Pleaseremembermetoyourparents.()24.--Wouldyoulikesomemoretea?--________,please.A.NomoreB.JustalittleC.I’vehadenoughD.Yes,Iwould()25.--Now,whereismyschoolbag?--________!We’llbelateforschool.A.JustaminuteB.TakeiteasyC.Don’tworryD.Comeon70