初中英语代词专练 3页

代词代词是代替名词的一种词类。大多数代词具有名词和形容词的功能。英语中的代词，按其意义、特征及在句中的作用分为：人称代词、物主代词、指示代词、反身代词、相互代词、疑问代词、关系代词和不定代词八种。一、人称代词：表示“我”、“你”、“他”、“她”、“它”、“我们”、“你们”、“他们”的词。人称代词有人称、数和格的变化，见下表：　数　　　单数　　　　复数　　　　格　　主格　宾格　主格　　宾格　第一人称I　　me　　we　　　us　　　　第二人称you　　you　　you　　　you　第三人称　he　　him　they　　themshe　　her　　they　　them　　it　　it　　they　　themeg.1)Heismyfriend.　他是我的朋友。2)Weoftenhelphim.我们经常帮助他。3）Theyarenew.Pleaselookafterthem.他们是新来的。请照顾他们。人称代词的用法：1．人称代词的主格在句子中作主语Eg.1)Hewaitedforalongtime.　　他等了很长时间了。2）TheycomefromShanghai.他们来自上海。2．人称代词的宾格在句子中作动词宾语或介词宾语Eg.1)Pleasebringmeacupoftea.请给我拿一杯茶来。2)Don’tshoutathim.不要对他大喊大叫。3．并列人称代词的排列顺序1）单数人称代词并列作主语时，其顺序为：　　you→he/she/it→I　　eg.You,heandIshouldreturnontime.2）复数人称代词作主语时，其顺序为：　　we　→　you　　→　theyeg.We,youandtheyareoftenlateforschool.二、物主代词：表示所有关系的代词，也可叫做代词所有格。物主代词分形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词二种，形容词性物主代词myyourhisitsherouryourtheir名词性物主代词mineyourshishersitsoursyourstheirsEg.1)Ilikehiscar.我喜欢他的小汽车。　　　2)Ourschoolishere，andtheirsisthere.　　　　　我们的学校在这儿，他们的在那儿。形容词性物主代词用来修饰名词，放在名词前面，作定语；名词性物主代词在用法上相当于形容词性物主代词加名词，在句中通常作主语、表语或宾语。Eg.1)Thisisn’tmybag.Mineisblack.这不是我的书包。我的是黑色的。2）Heisoneofmyfriends.=Heisafriendofmine.他是我的一个朋友。三．指示代词：指示代词分单数（this/that）和复数（these/those）两种形式，既可作限定词又可作代词，例如：限定词：ThisgirlisMary.　　Thosemenaremyteachers.代词：　ThisisMary.　　　Thosearemyteachers.指示代词的用法：　　1）作主语　　Thisisthewaytodoit.2）作宾语　　Don’tdoitlikethis.四.反身代词：表示动作回到执行者的本身。单数：myself,yourself,himself,herself,itself复数：ourselves,yourselves,themselves常用反身代词作宾语的动词或介词相关搭配有：buyoneselfsth.给自己买东西teachoneself自学enjoyoneself过得愉快helponeselftosth.随便吃点某物lookafteroneself照顾自己leavesb.byoneself把某人单独留下saytooneself自言自语dosth.byoneself独自做某事dosth.foroneself为自己做某事五．不定代词不定代词有all,each,every,one,,little,many,much,other,another,some,any,no,还有由some,any,no和every构成的合成代词。1.some和any的用法some和any均表示：一些“，既可以修饰可数名词，又可以修饰不可数名词。some一般用于肯定句中，any用于否定句，疑问句和条件句中。1）Ihavesomefriends.2)Idon’thaveanymoney.some和any的特殊用法:1)any用于肯定句中表示“任何”的意思。Youcantakeanyappleonthetable.2)some修饰单数名词表示“某一”ShewanttovisitsomeplaceintheUSA.3)some用于表示请求或邀请的问句中，并希望得到对方的肯定回答。Couldyougivemesomewater?2.many,much和alotof的用法many修饰复数名词，much修饰不可数名词，a-3-\nlotof=lotsof,既可修饰复数名词，也可修饰不可数名词，常用于肯定句中。1)Therearemanybooksinthebookstore.=Therearealotofbooksinthebookstore.2)Shehasmuchmoney.Shehasalotofmoney.3.other,another,theothers和others的用法它们都可以作代词或形容词，theother表示“两者中的另一个”，another表示“（三个或三个以上中的）另一个”，theothers特指其他的人或物，others泛指其他的人或物。1）Ihavetwopens.Oneisred,theotherisblack.2)Lookattheboysintheclassroom.Somearereading,andtheothersarewriting.3)Idon’tlikethispen.Pleasegivemeanotherone.注意：another+数词+复数名词时，意为“又，再”Iwanttoeatanotherthreecakes.4.something,anything和nothing的用法：Something常用于肯定句中，anything用于否定句和疑问句中，nothing本身表示否定，当形容词修饰它们时，需后置。1)Thereissomethingwrongwithherbike.2)Doyouhaveanythingimportanttotellus?3)Ididn’thaveanythingtodo.=Ihavenothingtodo.一、用适当的代词填空：1．Whatarethose?arerulers.2.Onwayhome,theymetJack.3.—Hello,isMikespeaking.Who’s?—Hi,isTom.4.DidyourfatherwatchTVlastnight?Yes,did.5.MrWhitetoldastory.Wewereexcitedabout.6.Sheisdoing_______homeworknow.7.Wegotanapplejustnow.ofuswerehappy.8.Nancyisnew,weoftenhelp.9.Pleaseshow(we)somepictures.10.Tomisdoinghomeworknow.11.(they)booksarelost.Theyarelookingfor(they).12.--What’s(he)job?--isadoctor.二、单项选择：()1.Studentsareusuallyinterestedinsports.Somelikerunning,somelikeswimming,_______likeballgames.A.theothersB.othersC.theotherD.other()2.Isthere_______intoday’snewspaper?A.somethingimportantB.importantanythingC.anythingimportantD.importantsomething()3.WestudyChinese,Englishandsome____subjects.A.theotherB.otherC.othersD.another()4.–Whoisplayingthepianointhenextroom?-______isLiPing’sbrother.A.ThisB.ThatC.ItD.He()5.Ihaveboughtanewwatchbecausemyold___doesn’twork.　A.itB.oneC.thatD.this()6.I’mlookingformypen,butIcan’tfind.A.itB.themC.itsD.one()7.Theroomontherightis_______.A.herB.sheC.hersD.she’s()8.Themanoverthereismybrother._______isadoctor.A.SheB.HeC.HersD.His()9.Ihavetwocats.Oneisblack,and_______iswhite.A.anotherB.someC.otherD.theother()10.Inourclass,_______hasadictionary.A.allofusB.eachofusC.someofusD.everyofus()11.Allparentslovetheirchildren,andmyparentslove_______,too.A.oursB.theirsC.theyD.his()12.TheSmithsvisitedtwocities.OneisinJapanand_______isinChina.A.anotherB.otherC.othersD.theother()13.Theseare_____cups.___areoverthere.A.our;YoursB.yours;MineC.his;OurD.their;Your()14.-Whohasadictionary,children?-Ihave______.A.itB.thisC.oneD.so()15.Ihaveboughtanewwatchbecausemyold___doesn’twork.　A.itB.oneC.thatD.this()16LetTonydoitby__.HeisnolongerakidA.himB.hisC.himselfD.he()17.Hehasonebluepenandtwored____.A.one'sB.thoseC.oneD.ones()18-Isthere___teainthatgreencup?-3-\n-Yes,thereis____.A.the;someB.any;anyC.some;anyD.any;some()19.Wouldyoulike___morecoffee?A.littleB.anyC.someD.another()20Listentome.Ihave____totellyou.A.anythingnewB.somethingnewC.newsomethingD.nothingnew()21.Pleasebequiet.Ihave___totellyou.A.importantsomethingB.nothingimportantC.importantanythingD.somethingimportant()22.CanIhave___bottleoforange,please?A.anotherB.otherC.othersD.theothers()23.Therearemanypeopleintheparknow.Someareboating.____arewalkingalongthelake.A.theotherB.otherC.theothersD.others()24.Iborrowedtwobooks.____isinEnglish,and____isinChinese.A.It;anotherB.One;anotherC.Theone;anotherD.One;theother()25._____ofthemhasanEnglishdictionary.A.EveryB.AllC.BothD.Each()26.Hurryup!Thereis____timeleft.A.fewB.afewC.littleD.alittle三、改错1.OneofuscomefromtheUSA.2.EachofthemlikeChinesefood..3.MyauntgaveIsometeayesterday.4.Ihavetwobrothers,oneisateacher,thesecondisawaiter.5.Hedidn’tdosomethinginterestingthedaybeforeyesterday.6.Whatisyoumother’sname?7.Youdon’thavetoeattoomanyicecream.8.Thesebooksarereallyinteresting.Ilikeitverymuch.9.Thereisn’tsomemilkinhiscup.10.Alltheboysinweclassenjoyplayingsoccer.11.Wouldyoulikeanymilk?12.Everyofthestudentsdidsomereadingyesterday.13.Whatothersanimalsdoyoulike?-3-